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Tolue Ghasaban F, Ghanei M, Mahmoudian RA, Taghehchian N, Abbaszadegan MR, Moghbeli M. MicroRNAs as the critical regulators of epithelial mesenchymal transition in pancreatic tumor cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e30599. [PMID: 38726188 PMCID: PMC11079401 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer (PC), as one of the main endocrine and digestive systems malignancies has the highest cancer related mortality in the world. Lack of the evident clinical symptoms and appropriate diagnostic markers in the early stages of tumor progression are the main reasons of the high mortality rate among PC patients. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the molecular pathways involved in the PC progression, in order to introduce novel early diagnostic methods. Epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a critical cellular process associated with pancreatic tumor cells invasion and distant metastasis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are also important regulators of EMT process. In the present review, we discussed the role of miRNAs in regulation of EMT process during PC progression. It has been reported that the miRNAs mainly regulate the EMT process in pancreatic tumor cells through the regulation of EMT-specific transcription factors and several signaling pathways such as WNT, NOTCH, TGF-β, JAK/STAT, and PI3K/AKT. Considering the high stability of miRNAs in body fluids and their role in regulation of EMT process, they can be introduced as the non-invasive diagnostic markers in the early stages of malignant pancreatic tumors. This review paves the way to introduce a non-invasive EMT based panel marker for the early tumor detection among PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faezeh Tolue Ghasaban
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Ghanei
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reihaneh Alsadat Mahmoudian
- Basic Sciences Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Cancer Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Negin Taghehchian
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | | | - Meysam Moghbeli
- Department of Medical Genetics and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Shinde A, Panchal K, Patra P, Singh S, Enakolla S, Paliwal R, Chaurasiya A. QbD Enabled Development and Evaluation of Pazopanib Loaded Nanoliposomes for PDAC Treatment. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:97. [PMID: 38710894 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02806-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is one of the highly fatal types of cancer with high mortality/incidence. Considering the crucial role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in PDAC progression, its inhibition can be a viable strategy for the treatment. Pazopanib, a second-generation VEGF inhibitor, is approved for the treatment of various oncological conditions. However, due to associated limitations like low oral bioavailability (14-39%), high inter/intra-subject variability, stability issues, etc., high doses (800 mg) are required, which further lead to non-specific toxicities and also contribute toward cancer resistance. Thus, to overcome these challenges, pazopanib-loaded PEGylated nanoliposomes were developed and evaluated against pancreatic cancer cell lines. The nanoliposomes were prepared by thin-film hydration method, followed by characterization and stability studies. This QbD-enabled process design successfully led to the development of a suitable pazopanib liposomal formulation with desirable properties. The % entrapment of PZP-loaded non-PEGylated and PEGylated nanoliposomes was found to be 75.2% and 84.9%, respectively, whereas their particle size was found to be 129.7 nm and 182.0 nm, respectively. The developed liposomal formulations exhibited a prolonged release and showed desirable physicochemical properties. Furthermore, these liposomal formulations were also assessed for in vitro cell lines, such as cell cytotoxicity assay and cell uptake. These studies confirm the effectiveness of developed liposomal formulations against pancreatic cancer cell lines. The outcomes of this work provide encouraging results and a way forward to thoroughly investigate its potential for PDAC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aishwarya Shinde
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Kanan Panchal
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Parameswar Patra
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Sonali Singh
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Sucharitha Enakolla
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India
| | - Rishi Paliwal
- Nanomedicine and Bioengineering Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, India
| | - Akash Chaurasiya
- Translational Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacy, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad, Pilani, India.
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Hoque MM, Iida Y, Kotani H, Harada M. Senolysis of gemcitabine-induced senescent human pancreatic cancer cells. Cancer Rep (Hoboken) 2024; 7:e2075. [PMID: 38662379 PMCID: PMC11044911 DOI: 10.1002/cnr2.2075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Gemcitabine (GEM) is often used to treat pancreatic cancer. Many anti-cancer drugs induce cancer cell death, but some cells survive after cell cycle arrest. Such a response to DNA damage is termed cellular senescence. Certain drugs, including the Bcl-2-family inhibitor ABT-263, kill senescent cells; this is termed senolysis. In this study, we examined the therapeutic benefits of ABT-263 in GEM-induced senescence of human pancreatic cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Of four pancreatic cancer cell lines (PANC-1, AsPC-1, CFPAC-1, and PANC10.05), GEM induced senescent features in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells, including increases in the cell sizes and expression levels of mRNAs encoding interleukin (IL)-6/IL-8 and induction of β-galactosidase. Successive treatment with GEM and ABT-263 triggered apoptosis in PANC-1 and AsPC-1 cells and suppressed colony formation significantly. Senolysis of GEM-induced senescent pancreatic cancer cells by ABT-263 was triggered by a Bcl-xL inhibitor, but not by a Bcl-2 inhibitor, suggesting a central role for Bcl-xL in senolysis. In a xenograft mouse model, combined treatment with GEM and ABT-737 (an ABT-263 analog exhibiting the same specificity) suppressed in vivo growth of AsPC-1 significantly. CONCLUSION Together, our results indicate that sequential treatment with GEM and senolytic drugs effectively kill human pancreatic cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuichi Iida
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumoShimaneJapan
| | - Hitoshi Kotani
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumoShimaneJapan
| | - Mamoru Harada
- Department of ImmunologyShimane University Faculty of MedicineIzumoShimaneJapan
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Du X, Yi X, Zou X, Chen Y, Tai Y, Ren X, He X. PCDH1, a poor prognostic biomarker and potential target for pancreatic adenocarcinoma metastatic therapy. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:1102. [PMID: 37957639 PMCID: PMC10642060 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-11474-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is an aggressive solid tumour characterised by few early symptoms, high mortality, and lack of effective treatment. Therefore, it is important to identify new potential therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers of PAAD. METHODS The Cancer Genome Atlas and Genotype-Tissue Expression databases were used to identify the expression and prognostic model of protocadherin 1 (PCDH1). The prognostic performance of risk factors and diagnosis of patients with PAAD were evaluated by regression analysis, nomogram, and receiver operating characteristic curve. Paraffin sections were collected from patients for immunohistochemistry (IHC) analysis. The expression of PCDH1 in cells obtained from primary tumours or metastatic biopsies was identified using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blotting were used to verify PCDH1 expression levels and the inhibitory effects of the compounds. RESULTS The RNA and protein levels of PCDH1 were significantly higher in PAAD cells than in normal pancreatic ductal cells, similar to those observed in tissue sections from patients with PAAD. Aberrant methylation of the CpG site cg19767205 and micro-RNA (miRNA) hsa-miR-124-1 may be important reasons for the high PCDH1 expression in PAAD. Up-regulated PCDH1 promotes pancreatic cancer cell metastasis. The RNA levels of PCDH1 were significantly down-regulated following flutamide treatment. Flutamide reduced the percentage of PCDH1 RNA level in PAAD cells Panc-0813 to < 50%. In addition, the PCDH1 protein was significantly down-regulated after Panc-0813 cells were incubated with 20 µM flutamide and proves to be a potential therapeutic intervention for PAAD. CONCLUSION PCDH1 is a key prognostic biomarker and promoter of PAAD metastasis. Additionally, flutamide may serve as a novel compound that down-regulates PCDH1 expression as a potential treatment for combating PAAD progression and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyi Du
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Xiaocui Zou
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, National Center of Biomedical Analysis, Beijing, 100850, China
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China
| | - Yanhong Tai
- Department of Pathology, No.307 Hospital of PLA, Beijing, 100071, China
| | - Xuhong Ren
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, China.
| | - Xinhua He
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing, 100850, China.
- Nanhu Laboratory, Jiaxing, 314002, China.
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Hu X, Hu D, Fu B, Li H, Ren G, Liu H, Song J, Kang X, Wang X, Pang H, Liu C, Zhang J, Wang Y. Survival benefit of local consolidative therapy for patients with single-organ metastatic pancreatic cancer: a propensity score-matched cross-sectional study based on 17 registries. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1225979. [PMID: 38027134 PMCID: PMC10652880 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1225979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The continuous exploration of oligometastatic disease has led to the remarkable achievements of local consolidative therapy (LCT) and favorable outcomes for this disease. Thus, this study investigated the potential benefits of LCT in patients with single-organ metastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Methods Patients with single-organ metastatic PDAC diagnosed between 2010 - 2019 were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed to minimize selection bias. Factors affecting survival were assessed by Cox regression analysis and Kaplan-Meier estimates. Results A total of 12900 patients were identified from the database, including 635 patients who received chemotherapy combined with LCT with a 1:1 PSM with patients who received only chemotherapy. Patients with single-organ metastatic PDAC who received chemotherapy in combination with LCT demonstrated extended median overall survival (OS) by approximately 57%, more than those who underwent chemotherapy alone (11 vs. 7 months, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that patients that received LCT, younger age (< 65 years), smaller tumor size (< 50 mm), and lung metastasis (reference: liver) were favorable prognostic factors for patients with single-organ metastatic PDAC. Conclusion The OS of patients with single-organ metastatic pancreatic cancer who received LCT may be prolonged compared to those who received only chemotherapy. Nevertheless, additional prospective randomized clinical trials are required to support these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Outpatient Department of Feng Tai District No.4 Retired Cadres Retreat Center, Army PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Fu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Hongqi Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Gang Ren
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Peking University Shou Gang Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hefei Liu
- Center for Ion Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jiazhao Song
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoli Kang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Haifeng Pang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Jianchun Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Beijing Geriatric Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingjie Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Air Force Medical Center PLA, Beijing, China
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Verma A, Rai N, Gupta P, Singh S, Tiwari H, Chauhan SB, Kailashiya V, Gautam V. Exploration of in vitro cytotoxic and in ovo antiangiogenic activity of ethyl acetate extract of Penicillium oxalicum. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2023; 38:2509-2523. [PMID: 37461856 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Fungal endophytes have established new paradigms in the area of biomedicine due to their ability to produce metabolites of pharmacological importance. The present study reports the in vitro cytotoxic and in ovo antiangiogenic activity of the ethyl acetate (EA) extract of Penicillium oxalicum and their chemical profiling through Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry analysis. Treatment of the EA extract of P. oxalicum to the selected human breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7) leads to the reduced glucose uptake and increased nitric oxide production suggesting the cytotoxic activity of EA extract of P. oxalicum. Our results further show that treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum attenuates the colony number, cell migration ability and alters nuclear morphology in both the human breast cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum mediates apoptosis by increasing the expression of BAX, P21, FADD, and CASPASE-8 genes, with increased Caspase-3 activity. Additionally, in ovo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay showed that the treatment of EA extract of P. oxalicum leads to antiangiogenic activity with perturbed formation of blood vessels. Overall, our findings suggest that the EA extract of P. oxalicum show in vitro cytotoxic and antiproliferative activity against human breast cancer cell lines, and in ovo antiangiogenic activity in CAM model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Verma
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Nilesh Rai
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Priyamvada Gupta
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Swati Singh
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Harshita Tiwari
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
- Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Shashi Bhushan Chauhan
- Department of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vikas Kailashiya
- Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Vibhav Gautam
- Centre of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
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Peng L, Chen H. A novel nomogram and risk classification system based on inflammatory and immune indicators for predicting prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18622-18632. [PMID: 37635391 PMCID: PMC10557906 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The study determined to construct a novel predictive nomogram to access the prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients with liver metastases (PCLM). METHODS Medical records included clinical and laboratory variables were collected. The patients were randomly divided into training and validation cohort. First, in the training cohort, the optimal cutoff value of SII, PNI, NLR, PLR were obtained. Then the survival analysis evaluated the effects of above indices on OS. Next, univariate and multivariate analyses were used to identify the independent factors of OS. Moreover, a nomogram was constructed based on LASSO cox analysis. Additionally, the predictive efficacy of the nomogram was evaluated by ROC curve and calibration curve in the training and validation cohort. Finally, a risk stratification system based on the nomogram was performed. RESULTS A total of 472 PCLM patients were enrolled in the study. The optimal cutoff values of SII, PNI, PLR and NLR were 372, 43.6, 285.7143 and 1.48, respectively. By combing SII and PNI, named coSII-PNI, we divided the patients into three groups. The Kaplan-Meier curves demonstrated above indices were correlated with OS. Univariate and multivariate analyses found the independent prognostic factors of OS. Through LASSO cox analysis, coSII-PNI, PNI, NLR, CA199, CEA, chemotherapy and gender were used to construct the nomogram. Lastly, the ROC curve and calibration curve demonstrated that the nomogram can predict prognosis of PCLM patients. Significant differences were observed between high and low groups. CONCLUSIONS The nomogram based on immune, inflammation, nutritional status and other clinical factors can accurately predict OS of PCLM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linjia Peng
- Department of Integrative OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Integrative OncologyFudan University Shanghai Cancer CenterShanghaiChina
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical CollegeFudan UniversityShanghaiChina
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Kim SY, Jo MJ, Yoon MS, Jin CE, Shin YB, Lee JM, Shin HJ, Oh JG, Cho JM, Kim H, Park H, Choi YW, Park CW, Kim JS, Shin DH. Gemcitabine and rapamycin-loaded mixed polymeric thermogel for metastatic pancreatic cancer therapy. J Control Release 2023; 360:796-809. [PMID: 37437850 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the 4th leading cause of cancer-related death and has a poor 5-year overall survival. The superior therapeutic benefits of combination or co-administration of drugs as intraperitoneal chemotherapy have increased interest in developing strategies to deliver chemotherapeutic agents to patients safely. In this study, we prepared a gel comprising the thermosensitive poly(lactide-co-glycolide)-b-poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) polymer and gemcitabine (GEM), which is currently used as the primary chemotherapy for PDAC and rapamycin (RAPA), a mammalian TOR (mTOR) inhibitor, to deliver the drug through intraperitoneal injection. We performed in vitro cytotoxicity experiments to verify the synergistic effects of the two drugs at different molar ratios and characterized the physicochemical properties of the GEM, RAPA, and GEM/RAPA-loaded thermosensitive PLGA-PEG-PLGA gels, hereafter referred to as (g(G), g(R), and g(GR)), respectively. The g(GR) comprising PLGA-PEG-PLGA polymer (25% w/v) and GEM and RAPA at a molar ratio of 11:1 showed synergism and was optimized. An in vitro cytotoxicity assay was performed by treating Panc-1-luc2 tumor spheroids with g(G), g(R), or g(GR). The g(GR) treatment group showed a 2.75-fold higher inhibition rate than the non-treated (NT) and vehicle-treated groups. Furthermore, in vivo drug release assay in mice by intraperitoneal injection of g(G), g(R), or g(GR) showed a more rapid release rate of GEM than RAPA, similar to the in vitro release pattern. The drugs in the gel were released faster in vivo than in vitro and degraded in 48 h. In addition, g(GR) showed the highest anti-tumor efficacy with no toxicity to mice. These results provide evidence for the safety and efficacy of g(GR) for intraperitoneal drug delivery. This study will assist in developing and clinically administering topical anti-cancer formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seo Yeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jeong Jo
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Moon Sup Yoon
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Chae Eun Jin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Yu Been Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Ji Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Gyo Oh
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Min Cho
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjun Kim
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunjin Park
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Won Choi
- R&D Center, Huons Co., Ltd., Ansan, 15588, Republic of Korea
| | - Chun-Woong Park
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Seok Kim
- Drug Information Research Institute (DIRI), College of Pharmacy, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae Hwan Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28160, Republic of Korea.
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Koh EK, Lee HR, Son WC, Park GY, Kim J, Bae JH, Park YS. Combinatorial immunotherapy with gemcitabine and ex vivo-expanded NK cells induces anti-tumor effects in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7656. [PMID: 37169953 PMCID: PMC10175562 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34827-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose at the initial stage and is often discovered after metastasis to nearby organs. Gemcitabine is currently used as a standard treatment for pancreatic cancer. However, since chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer has not yet reached satisfactory therapeutic results, adjuvant chemotherapy methods are attempted. It can be expected that combining immune cell therapy with existing anticancer drug combination treatment will prevent cancer recurrence and increase survival rates. We isolated natural killer (NK) cells and co-cultured them with strongly activated autologous peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) as feeder cells, activated using CD3 antibody, IFN-r, IL-2, and γ-radiation. NK cells expanded in this method showed greater cytotoxicity than resting NK cells, when co-cultured with pancreatic cancer cell lines. Tumor growth was effectively inhibited in a pancreatic cancer mouse xenograft model. Therapeutic efficacy was increased by using gemcitabine and erlotinib in combination. These findings suggest that NK cells cultured by the method proposed here have excellent anti-tumor activity. We demonstrate that activated NK cells can efficiently inhibit pancreatic tumors when used in combination with gemcitabine-based therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun-Kyoung Koh
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea
| | - Hong-Rae Lee
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Woo-Chang Son
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Ga-Young Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Juhee Kim
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Bae
- Department of Biochemistry, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Yangsan, 50612, South Korea.
| | - You-Soo Park
- Department of Research Center, Dongnam Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Busan, 46033, South Korea.
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Xi Y, Chen H, Xi Y, Hai W, Qu Q, Zhang M, Li B. Visualization research on ENT1/NIS dual-function gene therapy to reverse drug resistance mediated by MUC1 in GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 120-121:108350. [PMID: 37229950 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To use bifunctional target genes to increase the intracellular transport of gemcitabine (GEM) to reverse chemotherapy resistance and to simultaneously use reporter gene imaging to localize therapeutic genes. The therapeutic effect was evaluated by [18F]FLT PET/CT to visualize the effect of gene therapy. METHODS A viral gene vector containing the pancreatic cancer-targeting promoter MUC1 for specific transcription of equilibrative nucleoside transporter 1 (ENT1) and NIS (nuclide transport channel) was employed. [125I]NaI uptake tests and [131I]NaI SPECT imaging were performed to verify the function of NIS and the target function of MUC1. The correlation between [18F]FLT uptake and GEM resistance were assessed, and the influence ENT1 and thymidine kinase 1 (TK1) expression on [18F]FLT micro-PET/CT was measured, which provides a theoretical basis for the use of [18F]FLT micro-PET/CT to evaluate the efficacy of gene therapy. RESULTS First, functions of gene therapy were confirmed: ENT1 reversed the drug resistance of GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer cells by increasing GEM intracellular transport; MUC1 drove NIS target gene expression in pancreatic cancer; and therapeutic genes could be localized using [131I]NaI SPECT reporter gene imaging. Second, the [18F]FLT uptake ratio was affected by drug resistance and GEM treatment. The mechanism underlying this effect was related to ENT1 and TK1. Increased expression of ENT1 inhibited the expression of TK1 after GEM chemotherapy to reduce the uptake of [18F]FLT. Finally, micro-PET/CT indicated that the SUVmax of [18F]FLT could predict survival time. SUVmax exhibited an increasing trend in resistant pancreatic cancer but a trend of inhibition after upregulation of ENT1, which was more significant after GEM treatment. CONCLUSIONS Bifunctional targeted genes can localize therapeutic genes through reporter gene imaging, reverse the drug resistance of GEM-resistant pancreatic cancer and be visually evaluated through [18F]FLT micro-PET/CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Xi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wangxi Hai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian Qu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China.
| | - Biao Li
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Medical School Affiliated Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai, China.
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11
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Liu Q, Li R, Wu H, Liang Z. A novel cuproptosis-related gene model predicts outcomes and treatment responses in pancreatic adenocarcinoma. BMC Cancer 2023; 23:226. [PMID: 36894917 PMCID: PMC9999523 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-023-10678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cuproptosis is recently emerging as a hot spot in cancer research. However, its role in pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) has not yet been clarified. This study aimed to explore the prognostic and therapeutic implications of cuproptosis-related genes in PAAD. METHODS Two hundred thirteen PAAD samples from the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) were split into training and validation sets in the ratio of 7:3. The Cox regression analyses generated a prognostic model using the ICGC cohort for training (n = 152) and validation (n = 61). The model was externally tested on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) (n = 80) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets (n = 176). The clinical characteristics, molecular mechanisms, immune landscape, and treatment responses in model-defined subgroups were explored. The expression of an independent prognostic gene TSC22D2 was confirmed by public databases, real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot (WB), and immunohistochemistry (IHC). RESULTS A prognostic model was established based on three cuproptosis-related genes (TSC22D2, C6orf136, PRKDC). Patients were stratified into high- and low-risk groups using the risk score based on this model. PAAD patients in the high-risk group had a worse prognosis. The risk score was statistically significantly correlated with most clinicopathological characteristics. The risk score based on this model was an independent predictor of overall survival (OS) (HR = 10.7, p < 0.001), and was utilized to create a scoring nomogram with excellent prognostic value. High-risk patients had a higher TP53 mutation rate and a superior response to multiple targeted therapies and chemotherapeutic drugs, but might obtain fewer benefits from immunotherapy. Moreover, elevated TSC22D2 expression was discovered to be an independent prognostic predictor for OS (p < 0.001). Data from public databases and our own experiments showed that TSC22D2 expression was significantly higher in pancreatic cancer tissues/cells compared to normal tissues/cells. CONCLUSION This novel model based on cuproptosis-related genes provided a robust biomarker for predicting the prognosis and treatment responses of PAAD. The potential roles and underlying mechanisms of TSC22D2 in PAAD need further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qixian Liu
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ruiyu Li
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Huanwen Wu
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liang
- Molecular Pathology Research Center, Department of Pathology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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12
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COL12A1 Acts as a Novel Prognosis Biomarker and Activates Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Pancreatic Cancer through Bioinformatics and Experimental Validation. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15051480. [PMID: 36900272 PMCID: PMC10000532 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15051480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer remains one of the most challenging malignancies to date and is associated with poor survival. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that play a crucial role in tumor progression in pancreatic cancer. Thus, uncovering the key genes involved in CAF progression and determining their prognostic value is critically important. Herein, we report our discoveries in this research area. Analysis of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset and investigation of our clinical tissue samples indicated that COL12A1 expression was aberrantly highly expressed in pancreatic cancer. Survival and COX regression analyses revealed the significant clinical prognostic value of COL12A1 expression in pancreatic cancer. COL12A1 was mainly expressed in CAFs but not in tumor cells. This was verified with our PCR analysis in cancer cells and CAFs. The knocking down of COL12A1 decreased the proliferation and migration of CAFs and down-regulated the expression of CAF activation markers actin alpha 2 (ACTA2), fibroblast activation protein (FAP), and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1). Meanwhile, the interleukin 6 (IL6), CXC chemokine Ligand-5 (CXCL5), and CXC chemokine Ligand-10 (CXCL10) expressions were inhibited, and the cancer-promoting effect was reversed by COL12A1 knockdown. Therefore, we demonstrated the potential prognostic and target therapy value of COL12A1 expression in pancreatic cancer and elucidated the molecular mechanism underlying its role in CAFs. The findings of this study might provide new opportunities for TME-targeted therapies in pancreatic cancer.
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13
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microRNAs Associated with Gemcitabine Resistance via EMT, TME, and Drug Metabolism in Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041230. [PMID: 36831572 PMCID: PMC9953943 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite extensive research, pancreatic cancer remains a lethal disease with an extremely poor prognosis. The difficulty in early detection and chemoresistance to therapeutic agents are major clinical concerns. To improve prognosis, novel biomarkers, and therapeutic strategies for chemoresistance are urgently needed. microRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in the development, progression, and metastasis of several cancers. During the last few decades, the association between pancreatic cancer and miRNAs has been extensively elucidated, with several miRNAs found to be correlated with patient prognosis. Moreover, recent evidence has revealed that miRNAs are intimately involved in gemcitabine sensitivity and resistance through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the tumor microenvironment, and drug metabolism. Gemcitabine is the gold standard drug for pancreatic cancer treatment, but gemcitabine resistance develops easily after chemotherapy initiation. Therefore, in this review, we summarize the gemcitabine resistance mechanisms associated with aberrantly expressed miRNAs in pancreatic cancer, especially focusing on the mechanisms associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, the tumor microenvironment, and metabolism. This novel evidence of gemcitabine resistance will drive further research to elucidate the mechanisms of chemoresistance and improve patient outcomes.
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14
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Szlasa W, Michel O, Sauer N, Novickij V, Lewandowski D, Kasperkiewicz P, Tarek M, Saczko J, Kulbacka J. Nanosecond pulsed electric field suppresses growth and reduces multi-drug resistance effect in pancreatic cancer. Sci Rep 2023; 13:351. [PMID: 36611083 PMCID: PMC9825384 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27605-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanosecond pulsed electric fields (nsPEF) have been shown to exert anticancer effects; however, little is known about the mechanisms triggered in cancer cells by nanosecond-length pulses, especially when low, sub-permeabilization voltage is used. In this study, three human pancreatic cancer cell lines were treated with nsPEF and molecular changes at the cellular level were analyzed. Further, we assessed the efficacy of paclitaxel chemotherapy following nsPEF treatment and correlated that with the changes in the expression of multi-drug resistance (MDR) proteins. Finally, we examined the influence of nsPEF on the adhesive properties of cancer cells as well as the formation and growth of pancreatic cancer spheroids. Cell line response differed with the application of a 200 ns, 100 pulses, 8 kV/cm, 10 kHz PEF treatment. PEF treatment led to (1) the release of microvesicles (MV) in EPP85-181RDB cells, (2) electropermeabilization in EPP85-181RNOV cells and (3) cell shrinkage in EPP85-181P cells. The release of MV's in EPP85-181RDB cells reduced the membrane content of P-gp and LRP, leading to a transient increase in vulnerability of the cells towards paclitaxel. In all cell lines we observed an initial reduction in size of the cancer spheroids after the nsPEF treatment. Cell line EPP85-181RNOV exhibited a permanent reduction in the spheroid size after nsPEF. We propose a mechanism in which the surface tension of the membrane, regulated by the organization of actin fibers, modulates the response of cancer cells towards nsPEF. When a membrane's surface tension remains low, we observed some cells form protrusions and release MVs containing MDR proteins. In contrast, when cell surface tension remains high, the cell membrane is being electroporated. The latter effect may be responsible for the reduced tumor growth following nsPEF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wojciech Szlasa
- Faculty of Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Olga Michel
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland ,grid.8505.80000 0001 1010 5103Department of Cytobiochemistry, Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Wrocław, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Natalia Sauer
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XFaculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Vitalij Novickij
- grid.9424.b0000 0004 1937 1776Institute of High Magnetic Fields, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Vilnius, Lithuania ,grid.493509.2Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Damian Lewandowski
- grid.8505.80000 0001 1010 5103Department of Animal Developmental Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Wroclaw, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Kasperkiewicz
- grid.7005.20000 0000 9805 3178Department of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mounir Tarek
- grid.29172.3f0000 0001 2194 6418Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, 54000 Nancy, France
| | - Jolanta Saczko
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Julita Kulbacka
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XDepartment of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland ,grid.493509.2Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Nishiwada S, Shimura T, Yamamura K, Nakagawa K, Nagai M, Nakamura K, Terai T, Yamada S, Fujii T, Kodera Y, Sho M, Goel A. Clinical significance and functional role of adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Br J Cancer 2023; 128:321-330. [PMID: 36396823 PMCID: PMC9902480 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-02057-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The adhesion G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play crucial roles in tumour pathogenesis, however, their clinical significance in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. METHODS We analysed 796 PDAC patients, including 331 from public data sets (TCGA, ICGC and GSE57495) and 465 from independent cohorts (training: n = 321, validation: n = 144). Using in-vitro studies, we confirmed the biological function of the candidate GPCRs. RESULTS Analysis of all 33 adhesion GPCRs, led to identify GPR115, as the only significant prognostic factor in all public data sets. The patients with high GPR115 expression exhibited significantly poorer prognosis for OS and RFS, in training (P < 0.01, P < 0.01) and validation cohort (P < 0.01, P = 0.04). Multivariate analysis indicated that GPR115 high expression was an independent prognostic factor in both cohorts (HR = 1.43; P = 0.01, HR = 2.55; P < 0.01). A risk-prediction model using Cox regression by incorporating GPR115 and clinicopathological factors accurately predicted 5-year survival following surgery. In addition, GPR115 silencing inhibited cell proliferation and migration in PDAC cells. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that GPR115 has important prognostic significance and functional role in tumour progression; providing a rationale that this may be a potential therapeutic target in patients with PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoshi Nishiwada
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Tadanobu Shimura
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kensuke Yamamura
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Kenji Nakagawa
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Minako Nagai
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Kota Nakamura
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Taichi Terai
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Suguru Yamada
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujii
- Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Kodera
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Nara, Japan
| | - Ajay Goel
- Center for Gastrointestinal Research, Baylor Scott & White Research Institute and Charles A. Sammons Cancer Center, Baylor University Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
- Department of Molecular Diagnostics and Experimental Therapeutics, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Biomedical Research Center, Monrovia, CA, USA.
- City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA, USA.
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16
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Wu F, Tian M, Sun Y, Wu C, Liu X. Efficacy, chemical composition, and pharmacological effects of herbal drugs derived from Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:985935. [PMID: 36532788 PMCID: PMC9748432 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.985935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Fritillaria cirrhosa D. Don and F. thunbergii Miq. belong to the genus Fritillaria within the Liliaceae family. They are used in traditional Chinese medicines that are often administered in clinical settings as they have notable effects on cough, bronchitis, pneumonia, lung injury, cancer, and other diseases. In this review, we focus on the history, origin, similarities, and differences in efficacy, chemical composition, and pharmacological outcomes of the drugs obtained from F. cirrhosa (FRC) and F. thunbergii (FRT). We list various valuable pharmacological effects of FRC and FRT, including antitussive, expectorant, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer effects. Thus, this review offers a basis for the medical application of and further research into the pharmacological impacts of these two drugs. We believe that new drugs derived from the phytoconstituents of F. cirrhosa and F. thunbergii that have specific therapeutic properties can be developed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Mei Tian
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yuefeng Sun
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Changhao Wu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xue Liu
- Department of Respiration, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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17
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Takahashi S, Ohno I, Ikeda M, Konishi M, Kobayashi T, Akimoto T, Kojima M, Morinaga S, Toyama H, Shimizu Y, Miyamoto A, Tomikawa M, Takakura N, Takayama W, Hirano S, Otsubo T, Nagino M, Kimura W, Sugimachi K, Uesaka K. Neoadjuvant S-1 With Concurrent Radiotherapy Followed by Surgery for Borderline Resectable Pancreatic Cancer: A Phase II Open-label Multicenter Prospective Trial (JASPAC05). Ann Surg 2022; 276:e510-e517. [PMID: 33065644 DOI: 10.1097/sla.0000000000004535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study assessed whether neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with S-1 increases the R0 resection rate in BRPC. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although a multidisciplinary approach that includes neoadjuvant treatment has been shown to be a better strategy for BRPC than upfront resection, a standard treatment for BRPC has not been established. METHODS A multicenter, single-arm, phase II study was performed. Patients who fulfilled the criteria for BRPC received S-1 (40 mg/m 2 bid) and concurrent radiotherapy (50.4 Gy in 28 fractions) before surgery. The primary endpoint was the R0 resection rate. At least 40 patients were required, with a 1-sided α = 0.05 and β = 0.05 and expected and threshold values for the primary endpoint of 30% and 10%, respectively. RESULTS Fifty-two patients were eligible, and 41 were confirmed to have definitive BRPC by a central review. CRT was completed in 50 (96%) patients and was well tolerated. The rate of grade 3/4 toxicity with CRT was 43%. The R0 resection rate was 52% among the 52 eligible patients and 63% among the 41 patients who were centrally confirmed to have BRPC. Postoperative grade III/IV adverse events according to the Clavien-Dindo classification were observed in 7.5%. Among the 41 centrally confirmed BRPC patients, the 2-year overall survival rate and median overall survival duration were 58% and 30.8 months, respectively. CONCLUSIONS S-1 and concurrent radiotherapy seem to be feasible and effective at increasing the R0 resection rate and improving survival in patients with BRPC. TRIAL REGISTRATION UMIN000009172.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichiro Takahashi
- Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
- Clinical Research Support Office, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Izumi Ohno
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masafumi Ikeda
- Department of Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Masaru Konishi
- Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kobayashi
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Akimoto
- Department of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Motohiro Kojima
- Division of Pathology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Soichiro Morinaga
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Kanagawa Cancer Center, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hirochika Toyama
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Shimizu
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Atsushi Miyamoto
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Osaka National Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Moriaki Tomikawa
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan
| | | | - Wataru Takayama
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Chiba Cancer Center, Chiba, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hirano
- Gastroenterological Surgery II, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Takehito Otsubo
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, St. Marianna University School of Medicine Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Masato Nagino
- Gastroenterological Surgery 1, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Wataru Kimura
- Department of Surgery 1, Yamagata University Hospital, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Keishi Sugimachi
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Kyusyu Cancer Center, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Uesaka
- Department of Hepato-biliary Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan
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18
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Zhou M, Pan S, Qin T, Zhao C, Yin T, Gao Y, Liu Y, Zhang Z, Shi Y, Bai Y, Gong J, Guo X, Wang M, Qin R. LncRNA FAM83H-AS1 promotes the malignant progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma by stabilizing FAM83H mRNA to protect β-catenin from degradation. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:288. [PMID: 36171592 PMCID: PMC9520839 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02491-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is prone to metastasis, resulting in short survival and low quality of life. LncRNAs are pivotal orchestrators that participate in various tumor progress. The underlying role and mechanism of lncRNA FAM83H-AS1 is still unknown in PDAC progression.
Methods
To address this issue, firstly, we profiled and analyzed the aberrant lncRNA expression in TCGA database and identified FAM83H-AS1 as the most effective one in promoting the migration of pancreatic cancer cells. Then, the expression levels of FAM83H-AS1 in patient’s serum, tumor tissues and PDAC cells were detected using RT-qPCR, and FAM83H-AS1 distribution in PDAC cells was determined by performing FISH and RT-qPCR. Next, a series of in vivo and in vitro functional assays were conducted to elucidate the role of FAM83H-AS1 in cell growth and metastasis in PDAC. The regulatory relationship between FAM83H-AS1 and FAM83H (the homologous gene of FAM83H-AS1) was verified by performing protein and RNA degradation assays respectively. Co-IP assays were performed to explore the potential regulatory mechanism of FAM83H to β-catenin. Rescue assays were performed to validate the regulation of the FAM83H-AS1/FAM83H/β-catenin axis in PDAC progression.
Results
FAM83H-AS1 was highly expressed in the tumor tissues and serum of patients with PDAC, and was correlated with shorter survival. FAM83H-AS1 significantly promoted the proliferation, invasion and metastasis of PDAC cells, by protecting FAM83H mRNA from degradation. Importantly, FAM83H protein manifested the similar malignant functions as that of FAM83H-AS1 in PDAC cells, and could bind to β-catenin. Specifically, FAM83H could decrease the ubiquitylation of β-catenin, and accordingly activated the effector genes of Wnt/β-catenin signaling.
Conclusions
Collectively, FAM83H-AS1 could promote FAM83H expression by stabilizing its mRNA, allowing FAM83H to decrease the ubiquitylation of β-catenin, thus resulted in an amplified FAM83H-AS1/FAM83H/β-catenin signal axis to promote PDAC progression. FAM83H-AS1 might be a novel prognostic and therapeutic target for combating PDAC.
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19
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Ng M, Chen S, Ong WS, Balachander A, Seet A, Yeong J, Sutiman N, Lim TKH, Lee B, Guo YA, Leong WF, Lee SS, Lam J, Choo SP, Skanderup AJ, Biswas SK, Tai D, Chowbay B. A phase 1b study of OXIRI in pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients and its immunomodulatory effects. Int J Cancer 2022; 151:435-449. [PMID: 35415893 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly lethal and debilitating disease with limited therapeutic options. The aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the safety, efficacy and pharmacokinetics of a novel regimen comprised of metronomic oxaliplatin (O), chronomodulated capecitabine (X) and UGT1A1 genotype-guided dosing of irinotecan (IRI) [OXIRI] as well as its immunomodulatory effects. Thirty-six patients were enrolled into either dose-escalation or expansion cohorts. In the dose escalation phase, capecitabine doses (2000, 2650, 3500 and 4500 mg/day) were administered at midnight on days 1 to 14 while oxaliplatin and irinotecan were intravenously infused at fixed doses of 50 and 75 mg/m2 respectively on days 1, 8 in a 21-day cycle. The maximum tolerated dose of capecitabine was 2650 mg/day and the most common grade 3 adverse events were neutropenia (30.6%) and diarrhea (13.9%). No grade 4 toxicity was observed. UGT1A1-genotype directed dosing resulted in similar exposure levels of irinotecan, SN-38 and SN-38G in all patients. Objective response rate was 22.2%. Median overall survival and progression-free survival were 8.1 and 5.2 months, respectively. Exploratory immunoprofiling by flow cytometry and quantitative spatial localization analysis of infiltrated immune cells performed on biopsy and plasma samples revealed significant declines in CCL22, CCL2 and TNFα levels at end of first cycle and an active host immune response. Our study showed that OXIRI was well-tolerated and exhibited good efficacy, with immunomodulatory effects. It may be considered as an alternative to FOLFIRINOX in patients intolerant to the latter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Ng
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal and Neurology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sylvia Chen
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Whee Sze Ong
- Division of Clinical Trials & Epidemiology Sciences, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Akhila Balachander
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Amanda Seet
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal and Neurology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joe Yeong
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Natalia Sutiman
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tony Kiat Hon Lim
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Bernett Lee
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yu Amanda Guo
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Fook Leong
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sze Sing Lee
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Justina Lam
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal and Neurology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Su Pin Choo
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal and Neurology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Curie Oncology, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anders Jacobsen Skanderup
- Computational and Systems Biology, Genome Institute of Singapore (GIS), A*STAR, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Subhra Kumar Biswas
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - David Tai
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Gastrointestinal and Neurology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Balram Chowbay
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Singapore Immunology Network, Agency for Science, Technology & Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Centre for Clinician Scientist Development, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
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20
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Lee JH, Kim H, Lee SH, Ku JL, Chun JW, Seo HY, Kim SC, Paik WH, Ryu JK, Lee SK, Lowy AM, Kim YT. Establishment of Patient-Derived Pancreatic Cancer Organoids from Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsies. Gut Liver 2022; 16:625-636. [PMID: 34916338 PMCID: PMC9289822 DOI: 10.5009/gnl210166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background/Aims Three-dimensional cultures of human pancreatic cancer tissue also known as "organoids" have largely been developed from surgical specimens. Given that most patients present with locally advanced and/or metastatic disease, such organoids are not representative of the majority of patients. Therefore, we used endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) to collect pancreatic cancer tissues from patients with advanced pancreatic cancer to create organoids, and evaluated their utility in pancreatic cancer research. Methods Single-pass EUS-FNA samplings were employed to obtain the tissue for organoid generation. After establishment of the organoid, we compared the core biopsy tissues with organoids using hematoxylin and eosin staining, and performed whole exome sequencing (WES) to detect mutational variants. Furthermore, we compared patient outcome with the organoid drug response to determine the potential utility of the clinical application of such organoid-based assays. Results Organoids were successfully generated in 14 of 20 tumors (70%) and were able to be passaged greater than 5 times in 12 of 20 tumors (60%). Among them, we selected eight pairs of organoid and core biopsy tissues for detailed analyses. They showed similar patterns in hematoxylin and eosin staining. WES revealed mutations in KRAS, TP53, CDKN2A, SMAD4, BRCA1, and BRCA2 which were 93% homologous, and the mean nonreference discordance rate was 5.47%. We observed moderate drug response correlations between the organoids and clinical outcomes in patients who underwent FOLFIRINOX chemotherapy. Conclusions The established organoids from EUS-FNA core biopsies can be used for a suitable model system for pancreatic cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jee Hyung Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeryoung Kim
- Department of Pathology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Hyub Lee
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ja-Lok Ku
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korean Cell Line Bank, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Won Chun
- Center for Liver and Pancreatobiliary Cancer, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ha Young Seo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korean Cell Line Bank, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soon Chan Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Korean Cell Line Bank, Laboratory of Cell Biology and Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Woo Hyun Paik
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Kon Ryu
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sang Kook Lee
- Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Pharmacy, Seoul, Korea
| | - Andrew M. Lowy
- Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine and Liver Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Wang Y, Wang Z, Li K, Xiang W, Chen B, Jin L, Hao K. lncRNAs Functioned as ceRNA to Sponge miR-15a-5p Affects the Prognosis of Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma and Correlates With Tumor Immune Infiltration. Front Genet 2022; 13:874667. [PMID: 35899199 PMCID: PMC9312832 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.874667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD) is one of the most common malignant tumors with poor prognosis worldwide. Mounting evidence suggests that the expression of lncRNAs and the infiltration of immune cells have prognostic value for patients with PAAD. We used Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and identified six genes (COL1A2, ITGA2, ITGB6, LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2) that could affect the survival rate of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients. Based on a series of in silico analyses for reverse prediction of target genes associated with the prognosis of PAAD, a ceRNA network of mRNA (COL1A2, ITGA2, LAMA3, LAMB3, and LAMC2)–microRNA (miR-15a-5p)–long non-coding RNA (LINC00511, LINC01578, PVT1, and TNFRSF14-AS1) was constructed. We used the algorithm “CIBERSORT” to assess the proportion of immune cells and found three overall survival (OS)–associated immune cells (monocytes, M1 macrophages, and resting mast cell). Moreover, the OS-associated gene level was significantly positively associated with immune checkpoint expression and biomarkers of immune cells. In summary, our results clarified that ncRNA-mediated upregulation of OS-associated genes and tumor-infiltration immune cells (monocytes, M1 macrophages M1, and resting mast cell resting) correlated with poor prognosis in PAAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhen Wang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - KaiQiang Li
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - WeiLing Xiang
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - BinYu Chen
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - LiQin Jin
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Department of Scientific Research, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: LiQin Jin, ; Ke Hao,
| | - Ke Hao
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Allergy Center, Department of Transfusion Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: LiQin Jin, ; Ke Hao,
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22
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Wang K, Hao Z, Fu X, Li W, Jiao A, Hua X. Involvement of elevated ASF1B in the poor prognosis and tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1947-1957. [PMID: 35362843 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04404-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Anti-silencing function 1B (ASF1B) has been reported to be associated with the occurrence of many kinds of tumors. However, the biological effect and action mechanism of ASF1B in pancreatic cancer (PC) tumorigenesis remain unclear. The expression and prognosis value of ASF1B in PC were analyzed using GEPIA, GEO, and Kaplan-Meier plotter databases. The diagnostic value of ASF1B in PC was determined by receiver operating characteristic curve. The relationship between ASF1B expression and the clinical feathers in PC was investigated based on TCGA. qRT-PCR and western blot analyses were used to measure ASF1B expression in PC cells. Cell proliferation was evaluated by MTT and EdU assays, and apoptosis was examined by TUNEL and caspase-3 activity assays. Western blot analysis was utilized to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), cyclin D1, Bax, Bcl-2, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (Akt) signaling proteins. ASF1B was overexpressed in several digestive cancers, including PC. Upregulated ASF1B was correlated with the poor prognosis and clinical features in PC patients. The area under the curve (AUC) value of ASF1B was 0.990. ASF1B was also overexpressed in PC cells. ASF1B silencing inhibited PC cell proliferation, promoted apoptosis, and increased caspase-3 activity, which were accompanied by the reduction of PCNA and cyclin D1 expression and increase of the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 expression. Additionally, ASF1B silencing suppressed the PI3K/Akt pathway and 740Y-P treatment partially abolished the effects of ASF1B knockdown on PC cells. In conclusion, ASF1B silencing retarded proliferation and promoted apoptosis in PC cells by inactivation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Zhiqiang Hao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Xibo Fu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenxin Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Ao Jiao
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiangdong Hua
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, No. 44 Xiaoheyan Road, Shenyang, 110042, Liaoning, China.
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23
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Gu X, Zhou W, Han J. Factors Affecting the Readmission of Patients with Pancreatic Cancer after Surgery. Appl Bionics Biomech 2022; 2022:6106914. [PMID: 35528536 PMCID: PMC9076323 DOI: 10.1155/2022/6106914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Pancreatic cancer is one of the deadliest solid malignancies. Its surgical resection is technically very challenging and has a high risk of complications even after discharge. This study analyzed the risk factors associated with unplanned readmission after pancreatic cancer surgery. Methods Pancreatic cancer patients who were readmitted within 30 days after surgery were classified as the observation group, while those not readmitted within 30 days postsurgery were classified as the control group. The serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones, stress hormones, and peripheral immune cells of the two groups were compared at different intervals. Results No significant differences in gender and age were observed between the two groups. At 7, 14, and 21 days postsurgery, the levels of gastrointestinal hormones motilin, gastrin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and growth hormone-releasing peptide of the observation group were lower than the control group, while the levels of adrenocorticotropin, renin, angiotensin, and plasma aldosterone of the observation group were significantly higher than the control group. In addition, compared to the control group, lower levels of CD4+T cells, CD8+T cells, and NKT cells and higher levels of Treg, Breg, and MDSC cells were observed in the peripheral blood of the observation group. Conclusion The serum levels of gastrointestinal hormones, stress hormones, and peripheral immune cells could be associated with the risk of unplanned readmission within 30 days after pancreatic cancer surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Gu
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China
| | - Juan Han
- Department of Biliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Tongji Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430030, China
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Xu Y, Zhang Y, Han S, Jin D, Xu X, Kuang T, Wu W, Wang D, Lou W. Prognostic Effect of Age in Resected Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:789351. [PMID: 35433408 PMCID: PMC9008824 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.789351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background While the elderly population account for an indispensable proportion in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), these patients are underrepresented in clinical trials. Whether surgery offered the same benefit for elderly patients as that for younger cohort and which factors affected long-term outcome of elderly population remained unclear. Aims This study aims to evaluate long-term prognosis of elderly PDAC patients (≥70 years old) after surgery and to investigate potential prognostic factors. Methods This retrospective study included PDAC patients receiving radical resection from January 2012 to July 2019 in Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University. Patients were divided into young (<70) and old groups (≥70). Propensity score matching (PSM) was conducted to eliminate the confounding factors. We investigated potential prognostic factors via Cox proportional hazards model and Kaplan–Meier estimator. Nomogram model and forest plot were constructed to illustrate the prognostic value of age. Results A total of 552 PDAC patients who received radical resection were included in this research. Elderly patients showed poorer nutritional status and were less likely to received adjuvant treatment. After matching, although age [hazard ratio (HR)=1.025, 95%CI 0.997–1.054; p=0.083] was not statistically significant in the multivariate cox regression analysis, further survival analysis showed that patients in the old group had poorer overall survival (OS) when compared with young group (p=0.039). Furthermore, reception of adjuvant chemotherapy (HR=0.411, 95%CI 0.201-0.837; p=0.014) was the only independent prognostic factor among elderly patients and could significantly improve OS. Subgroup analysis indicated that age had better prognostic value in PDAC patients with good preoperative nutritional status and relative low tumor burden. Finally, a prognostic prediction model contained age, reception of adjuvant chemotherapy, American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) 8th T and N stage was constructed and presented in nomogram, whose Harrell’s concordance index was 0.7478 (95%CI, 0.6960–0.7996). The calibration curves at 1 and 3 years indicated an optimal conformity between actual and nomogram-predicted survival probability in the PDAC patient who received surgery. Conclusion The elderly PDAC patients were associated with worse OS survival after radical resection, and the noticeable negative effect of age was observed among PDAC patients with better preoperative nutritional status and less aggressive tumor biology. Adjuvant chemotherapy was essential to improve survival outcome of elderly PDAC patients following radical resection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Wenhui Lou
- *Correspondence: Dansong Wang, ; Wenhui Lou,
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Validation of IL-7R as an Immunological Biomarker for Human Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14030853. [PMID: 35159120 PMCID: PMC8834093 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14030853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Despite being the fourth-leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) lacks early diagnostic methods. We performed mRNA sequencing on peripheral blood mononuclear cells isolated from PDAC patients and identified IL-7R as a potential early diagnostic biomarker for PDAC. Furthermore, we found that IL-7R had improved diagnostic performance when combined with CA19-9. Our previous study’s results with 23 individuals were validated in a cohort of 522 patients. Our findings suggested that IL-7R in combination with CA19-9 could have important clinical implications that contribute to an earlier PDAC diagnosis and improved patient survival. Abstract Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive cancer for which no early diagnostic method is available. The immune surveillance hypothesis suggests that the immune system plays crucial roles in tumor development and progression. We validated a PDAC-specific biomarker derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) to facilitate early PDAC diagnosis. mRNA levels of interleukin-7R (IL-7R), reportedly a potential immunological marker for PDAC, were measured in PBMCs isolated prospectively from healthy controls (n = 100) and patients with PDAC (n = 135), pancreatic cysts (n = 82), chronic pancreatitis (n = 42), acute pancreatitis (n = 47), and other malignancies (n = 116). The IL-7R level was significantly higher in patients with PDAC than in healthy controls, patients with benign pancreatic disease, and patients with other malignancies. As diagnostic parameters, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy for IL-7R were 58.5%, 92%, 90.8%, 62.2%, and 72.8%, respectively. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) was 0.766. IL-7R levels did not differ between resectable and unresectable PDAC cases. The combined measurement of IL-7R and carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9) significantly improved the diagnostic parameters and AUROC compared with the use of IL-7R or CA19-9 alone. IL-7R is significantly upregulated in PBMCs in patients with PDAC, and it may be a novel diagnostic marker for PDAC. The combined use of IL-7R and CA19-9 enhanced the diagnostic performance.
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Li J, Zhang G, Liu CG, Xiang X, Le MT, Sethi G, Wang L, Goh BC, Ma Z. The potential role of exosomal circRNAs in the tumor microenvironment: insights into cancer diagnosis and therapy. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:87-104. [PMID: 34987636 PMCID: PMC8690929 DOI: 10.7150/thno.64096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are multifunctional regulators of intercellular communication by carrying various messages under both physiological and pathological status of cancer patients. Accumulating studies have identified the presence of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in exosomes with crucial regulatory roles in diverse pathophysiological processes. Exosomal circRNAs derived from donor cells can modulate crosstalk with recipient cells locally or remotely to enhance cancer development and propagation, and play crucial roles in the tumor microenvironment (TME), leading to significant enhancement of tumor immunity, metabolism, angiogenesis, drug resistance, epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis. In this review, we describe the advances of exosomal circRNAs and their roles in modulating cancer hallmarks, especially those in the TME. Moreover, clinical application potential of exosomal circRNAs in cancer diagnosis and therapy are highlighted, bridging the gap between basic knowledge and clinical practice.
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27
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Wang N, Pei B, Yuan X, Yi C, Wiredu Ocansey DK, Qian H, Mao F. Emerging roles of mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes in gastrointestinal cancers. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1019459. [PMID: 36338118 PMCID: PMC9631450 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1019459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal tumours are the most common solid tumours, with a poor prognosis and remain a major challenge in cancer treatment. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are multipotent stromal cells with the potential to differentiate into multiple cell types. Several studies have shown that MSC-derived exosomes have become essential regulators of intercellular communication in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Notably, MSC-derived exosomes support or inhibit tumour progression in different cancers through the delivery of proteins, RNA, DNA, and bioactive lipids. Herein, we summarise current advances in MSC-derived exosomes in cancer research, with particular reference to their role in gastrointestinal tumour development. MSC-derived exosomes are expected to be a novel potential strategy for the treatment of gastrointestinal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naijian Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bing Pei
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suqian First People’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suqian, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xinyi Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chengxue Yi
- School of Medical Technology, Zhenjiang College, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dickson Kofi Wiredu Ocansey
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- Directorate of University Health Services, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Hua Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Hua Qian,
| | - Fei Mao
- Key Laboratory of Medical Science and Laboratory Medicine of Jiangsu Province, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China
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28
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Lin B, Wang Y, Zhao K, Lü WD, Hui X, Ma Y, Lv R. Exosome-based rare earth nanoparticles for targeted in situ and metastatic tumor imaging with chemo-assisted immunotherapy. Biomater Sci 2021; 10:744-752. [PMID: 34940770 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01809d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this research, a tumor exosome system DOX/2DG@E-RENPs with good biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and a high targeting effect was proposed for theranostics with high chemo-/starvation/immunotherapy efficiency. DOX and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (DOX/2DG) together with rare earth nanoparticles (RENPs) can be simultaneously carried on the exosome by endocytosis of tumor cells and then exocytosis in vitro. This platform has a good monodispersity with an average size of 70 nm, and the system can emit upconversion luminescence and NIR II luminescence under a single NIR laser. In particular, this exosome can target homing cancer cells and kill the origin tumor cells. The strong targeting effect was proved by different cell lines with exosomes from different orthogonal cells (normal/cancer cells and human/mouse sources, respectively), and the in vivo NIR II imaging guided targeted cancer imaging and liver metastases can be realized by intravenous injection of E-RENPs. Furthermore, the good targeted therapeutic effect and in vivo NIR II imaging and metastases of this platform can be proved. The chemotherapy, starvation therapy, and immunotherapy (immune checkpoint inhibitors of an anti-PD-L1 antibody) could achieve effective synergistic therapy for lung adenocarcinoma, and the immunotherapy can be further proved by the clinical data. This will provide a new strategy for the precise targeting and treatment of tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bi Lin
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
| | - Yanxing Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
| | - Kun Zhao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Wei-Dong Lü
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tumor Hospital of Shaanxi Province, Affiliated to the Medical College of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710061, China.
| | - Xin Hui
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
| | - Yaqun Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
| | - Ruichan Lv
- Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shanxi 710071, China.
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Survival Benefit of Resection Surgery for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma with Liver Metastases: A Propensity Score-Matched SEER Database Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 14:cancers14010057. [PMID: 35008223 PMCID: PMC8750488 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14010057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is a devastating illness but guidelines consider it unresectable once metastasized. However, resection of the primary tumor is carried out in select cases and retrospective analyses indicate that this may improve survival. Even so, these analyses are limited to single centers or fail to account for biased patient selection. We overcome these limitations with a propensity score-matched SEER database analysis that reliably demonstrates surgery can extend overall survival. Furthermore, we identify prognostic factors that could aid the selection of patients for randomized controlled trials. Thus, this study paves the way for future work that aims to update treatment guidelines in accordance with surgical developments. Abstract Guidelines do not recommend resection surgery for oligometastatic pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, reports in small samples of selected patients suggest that surgery extends survival. Thus, this study aims to gather evidence for the benefits of cancer-directed surgery (CDS) by analyzing a national cohort and identifying prognostic factors that aid the selection of candidates for CDS or recruitment into experimental trials. Data for patients with PDAC and hepatic metastasis were extracted from the population-based Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database (SEER). The bias between CDS and non-CDS groups was minimized with Propensity Score Matching (PSM), and the prognostic role of CDS was investigated by comparing Kaplan-Meier estimators and Cox proportional hazard models. A total of 12,018 patients were extracted from the database, including 259 patients who underwent CDS that were 1:1 propensity score-matched with patients who did not receive CDS. CDS appeared to significantly prolong median overall survival from 5 to 10 months. Multivariate analysis revealed chemotherapy as a protective prognostic, whilst survival was impaired by old age and tumors that were poorly differentiated (Grades III–IV). These factors can be used to select patients likely to benefit from CDS treatment, which may facilitate recruitment into randomized controlled trials.
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Yang J, Xu J, Zhang B, Tan Z, Meng Q, Hua J, Liu J, Wang W, Shi S, Yu X, Liang C. Ferroptosis: At the Crossroad of Gemcitabine Resistance and Tumorigenesis in Pancreatic Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10944. [PMID: 34681603 PMCID: PMC8539929 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222010944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The overall five-year survival rate of pancreatic cancer has hardly changed in the past few decades (less than 10%) because of resistance to all known therapies, including chemotherapeutic drugs. In the past few decades, gemcitabine has been at the forefront of treatment for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, but more strategies to combat drug resistance need to be explored. One promising possibility is ferroptosis, a form of a nonapoptotic cell death that depends on intracellular iron and occurs through the accumulation of lipid reactive oxygen species, which are significant in drug resistance. In this article, we reviewed gemcitabine-resistance mechanisms; assessed the relationship among ferroptosis, tumorigenesis and gemcitabine resistance, and explored a new treatment method for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Yang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China; (J.Y.); (J.X.); (B.Z.); (Z.T.); (Q.M.); (J.H.); (J.L.); (W.W.); (S.S.)
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Zeng Z, Zhao Y, Chen Q, Zhu S, Niu Y, Ye Z, Hu P, Chen D, Xu P, Chen J, Hu C, Hu Y, Xu F, Tang J, Wang F, Han S, Huang M, Wang C, Zhao G. Hypoxic exosomal HIF-1α-stabilizing circZNF91 promotes chemoresistance of normoxic pancreatic cancer cells via enhancing glycolysis. Oncogene 2021; 40:5505-5517. [PMID: 34294845 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-021-01960-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Research has indicated that hypoxia profoundly contributes to chemoresistance of pancreatic cancer (PC), while the precise mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we report a hypoxic exosomal circular RNA (circRNA)-mediated mechanism of conferred chemoresistance in PC cells. Gemcitabine (GEM) resistance was enhanced in normoxic PC cells incubated with exosomes derived from hypoxic PC cells. CircRNA microarray displayed that circZNF91 was remarkably increased in hypoxic exosomes of PC cells compared with normoxic exosomes. Overexpression of circZNF91 obviously stimulated chemoresistance in PC cells, while knockdown of circZNF91 retarded the hypoxic exosome-transmitted chemoresistance. Mechanistically, the hypoxic-induced exosomal circZNF91 transmitted into normoxic PC cells could competitively bind to miR-23b-3p, which deprives the inhibition of miR-23b-3p on expression of deacetylase Sirtuin1 (SIRT1). Consequently, the upregulated SIRT1 enhanced deacetylation-dependent stability of HIF-1α protein, leading to glycolysis and GEM chemoresistance of recipient PC cells. In addition, we revealed that the increased circZNF91 in hypoxic exosome was attributed to the transcriptional regulation by HIF-1α. Coincidently, transmission of hypoxic exosomes into subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice obviously facilitated the chemoresistance of transplanted PC tumor, which could be reversed by depletion of circZNF91 or upregulation of miR-23b-3p. Furthermore, clinical data showed that circZNF91 was significantly upregulated in PC tissues and correlated with overexpression of glycolytic enzymes and short overall survival time. Collectively, exosomal circZNF91 can function as a cargo mediating the signal transmission between hypoxic and normoxic tumor cells to promote GEM chemoresistance of PC and may potentially serve as a therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu Zeng
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - QingYong Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shuai Zhu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yi Niu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Zeng Ye
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ping Hu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Ding Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jinghuang Chen
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chaojie Hu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuhang Hu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fengyu Xu
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiang Tang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Fan Wang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Shengbo Han
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengqi Huang
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunyou Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Emergency Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
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Rong Z, Shi S, Tan Z, Xu J, Meng Q, Hua J, Liu J, Zhang B, Wang W, Yu X, Liang C. Circular RNA CircEYA3 induces energy production to promote pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma progression through the miR-1294/c-Myc axis. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:106. [PMID: 34419070 PMCID: PMC8379744 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01400-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extensive studies have demonstrated the pivotal roles of circular RNAs (circRNAs) in the occurrence and development of different human cancers. However, the expression and regulatory roles of circRNAs in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are unclear. METHODS CircEYA3 was explored based on Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset analysis. qRT-PCR was applied to determine the expression of circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs in PDAC cells and tissues. The biological roles of circEYA3 in vitro and in vivo were determined by performing a series of functional experiments. Further, dual luciferase reporter, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), RNA pull-down assays, and RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays were used to confirm the interaction of circEYA3 with miR-1294. RESULTS CircEYA3 was elevated in PDAC tissues and cells, and a higher level of circEYA3 was significantly associated with a poorer prognosis in patients with PDAC. Functionally, circEYA3 increased energy production via ATP synthesis to promote PDAC progression in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, circEYA3 functions as an endogenous miR-1294 sponge to elevate c-Myc expression, thus exerting its oncogenic functions. CONCLUSION CircEYA3 promotes the progression of PDAC through the miR-1294/c-Myc signalling axis, and circEYA3 may be an efficient molecular therapeutic target in PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeyin Rong
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Si Shi
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Zhen Tan
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Qingcai Meng
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jie Hua
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Xianjun Yu
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
| | - Chen Liang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, 270 Dong'An Road, Shanghai, 200032, PR China.
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.
- Shanghai Pancreatic Cancer Institute, Shanghai, 200032, China.
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Hu B, Ma X, Huang R, Wu Z, Lu J, Guo Y, Tang J, Ma C, Ma J, Zhang L, Bai Y. Identification of Key Genes Mutations Associated With the Radiosensitivity by Whole Exome Sequencing in Pancreatic Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:697308. [PMID: 34434896 PMCID: PMC8381198 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.697308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic cancer (PC) is one of the most lethal human cancers, and radiation therapy (RT) is an important treating option. Many patients diagnosed with PC do not achieve objective responses because of the existence of intrinsic and acquired radioresistance. Therefore, biomarkers, which predict radiotherapy benefit in PC, are eagerly needed to be identified. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing of six pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patients (PDAC) (three with a good response and three with a poor response) who had received radical surgery and then radiotherapy has been performed as standard of care treatment. Somatic and germline variants and the mutational signatures were analyzed with bioinformatics tools and public databases. Functional enrichment and pathway-based protein-protein interaction analyses were utilized to address the possibly mechanism in radioresistance. MTT, LDH, and colony formation assay were applied to evaluate cell growth and colony formation ability. RESULTS In the present study, somatic mutations located in 441 genes were detected to be radiosensitivity-related loci. Seventeen genes, including the Smad protein family members (SMAD3 and SMAD4), were identified to influence the radiosensitivity in PDAC. The SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes mutate differently between radiosensitive and radioresistant PDAC patients. Mutation of SMAD3 potentiates the effects of ionizing radiation (IR) on cell growth and colony formation in PDAC cells, whereas mutation of SMAD4 had the opposite effects. SMAD3 and SMAD4 regulate the radiosensitivity of PDAC, at least in part, by P21 and FOXO3a, respectively. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that mutations of SMAD3 and SMAD4 likely cause the difference of response to radiotherapy in PDAC, which might be considered as the biomarkers and potential targets for the radiotherapy of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumei Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Renhua Huang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Research, Medical Laboratory of Nantong Zhongke, Nantong, China
| | - Yuntao Guo
- Department of Bioinformatics, Medical Laboratory of Nantong Zhongke, Nantong, China
| | - Jianmin Tang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunhui Ma
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Ma
- Eye Institute, Eye & ENT Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongrui Bai
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Milin-Lazovic J, Madzarevic P, Rajovic N, Djordjevic V, Milic N, Pavlovic S, Veljkovic N, Milic NM, Radenkovic D. Meta-Analysis of Circulating Cell-Free DNA's Role in the Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3378. [PMID: 34298594 PMCID: PMC8303288 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13143378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The analysis of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) for genetic abnormalities is a promising new approach for the diagnosis and prognosis of pancreatic cancer patients. Insights into the molecular characteristics of pancreatic cancer may provide valuable information, leading to its earlier detection and the development of targeted therapies. MATERIAL AND METHODS We conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies that reported cfDNA in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The studies were considered eligible if they included patients with PDAC, if they had blood tests for cfDNA/ctDNA, and if they analyzed the prognostic value of cfDNA/ctDNA for patients' survival. The studies published before 22 October 2020 were identified through the PubMED, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases. The assessed outcomes were the overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS), expressed as the log hazard ratio (HR) and standard error (SE). The summary of the HR effect size was estimated by pooling the individual trial results using the Review Manager, version 5.3, Cochrane Collaboration. The heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test and I2 statistic. RESULTS In total, 48 studies were included in the qualitative review, while 44 were assessed in the quantitative synthesis, with the total number of patients included being 3524. Overall negative impacts of cfDNA and KRAS mutations on OS and PFS in PDAC (HR = 2.42, 95% CI: 1.95-2.99 and HR = 2.46, 95% CI: 2.01-3.00, respectively) were found. The subgroup analysis of the locally advanced and metastatic disease presented similar results (HR = 2.51, 95% CI: 1.90-3.31). In the studies assessing the pre-treatment presence of KRAS, there was a moderate to high degree of heterogeneity (I2 = 87% and I2 = 48%, for OS and PFS, respectively), which was remarkably decreased in the analysis of the studies measuring post-treatment KRAS (I2 = 24% and I2 = 0%, for OS and PFS, respectively). The patients who were KRAS positive before but KRAS negative after treatment had a better prognosis than the persistently KRAS-positive patients (HR = 5.30, 95% CI: 1.02-27.63). CONCLUSION The assessment of KRAS mutation by liquid biopsy can be considered as an additional tool for the estimation of the disease course and outcome in PDAC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Milin-Lazovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.-L.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Petar Madzarevic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.-L.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Nina Rajovic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.-L.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (N.M.M.)
| | - Vladimir Djordjevic
- Department of Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nikola Milic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Sonja Pavlovic
- Institute of Molecular Genetics and Genetic Engineering, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Nevena Veljkovic
- Vinca Institute of Nuclear Sciences, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Heliant Ltd., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Natasa M. Milic
- Institute for Medical Statistics and Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; (J.M.-L.); (P.M.); (N.R.); (N.M.M.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Dejan Radenkovic
- Department of Surgery, University Clinical Center of Serbia, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
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Wang P, Zhu Z. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of E-Cadherin in Pancreatic Cancer Patients: A Meta-Analysis. Front Oncol 2021; 11:627116. [PMID: 33912451 PMCID: PMC8074677 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.627116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Several recent studies have investigated the prognostic and clinicopathological significance of epithelial cadherin (E-cadherin) in pancreatic cancer; however, conclusions from these studies remain inconsistent. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the effects of E-cadherin expression on the prognosis and clinicopathological characteristics of pancreatic cancer. Methods Embase, PubMed, and Web of Science were searched to identify articles associated with E-cadherin and pancreatic cancer. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated and summarized. All eligible studies were searched until May 20, 2020. Heterogeneity among studies was assessed using the Chi-square test and I2 statistic. Results Overall, 25 studies were identified, of which 12 reports with 1,032 cases concerned the prognosis of pancreatic cancer, and 22 involved the risk and clinical characteristics of pancreatic cancer. The overall results revealed that E-cadherin expression was significantly related to overall survival, gender, tumor grade, lymph node metastasis, tumor differentiation, and risk of pancreatic cancer. In the subgroup analysis, no significant heterogeneity or publication bias was observed. Conclusions E-cadherin expression is strongly associated with the risk, clinical features, and prognosis of pancreatic cancer, suggesting that E-cadherin may be an effective biomarker for the clinical assessments and predicting prognosis of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengbo Wang
- Radiotherapy Department I, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Zengkuan Zhu
- Department of Oncology, Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital, Dongying, China
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Kang G, Hu M, Ren H, Wang J, Cheng X, Li R, Yuan B, Balan Y, Bai Z, Huang H. VHH212 nanobody targeting the hypoxia-inducible factor 1α suppresses angiogenesis and potentiates gemcitabine therapy in pancreatic cancer in vivo. Cancer Biol Med 2021; 18:j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0568. [PMID: 33830713 PMCID: PMC8330535 DOI: 10.20892/j.issn.2095-3941.2020.0568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to develop a novel anti-HIF-1α intrabody to decrease gemcitabine resistance in pancreatic cancer patients. METHODS Surface plasmon resonance and glutathione S-transferase pull-down assays were conducted to identify the binding affinity and specificity of anti-HIF-1α VHH212 [a single-domain antibody (nanobody)]. Molecular dynamics simulation was used to determine the protein-protein interactions between hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and VHH212. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and Western blot analyses were performed to identify the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF-A in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell lines. The efficiency of the VHH212 nanobody in inhibiting the HIF-1 signaling pathway was measured using a dual-luciferase reporter assay. Finally, a PANC-1 xenograft model was developed to evaluate the anti-tumor efficiency of combined treatment. Immunohistochemistry analysis was conducted to detect the expressions of HIF-1α and VEGF-A in tumor tissues. RESULTS VHH212 was stably expressed in tumor cells with low cytotoxicity, high affinity, specific subcellular localization, and neutralization of HIF-1α in the cytoplasm or nucleus. The binding affinity between VHH212 and the HIF-1α PAS-B domain was 42.7 nM. Intrabody competitive inhibition of the HIF-1α heterodimer with an aryl hydrocarbon receptor nuclear translocator was used to inhibit the HIF-1/VEGF pathway in vitro. Compared with single agent gemcitabine, co-treatment with gemcitabine and a VHH212-encoding adenovirus significantly suppressed tumor growth in the xenograft model with 80.44% tumor inhibition. CONCLUSIONS We developed an anti-HIF-1α nanobody and showed the function of VHH212 in a preclinical murine model of PANC-1 pancreatic cancer. The combination of VHH212 and gemcitabine significantly inhibited tumor development. These results suggested that combined use of anti-HIF-1α nanobodies with first-line treatment may in the future be an effective treatment for pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangbo Kang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - He Ren
- Department of Gastroenterology, Center of Tumor Immunology and Cytotherapy, Medical Research Center of The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jiewen Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ruowei Li
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Yasmine Balan
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Ottawa, Ottawa K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Zixuan Bai
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - He Huang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering & Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
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Jian Y, Fan Q. Long non-coding RNA SNHG7 facilitates pancreatic cancer progression by regulating the miR-146b-5p/Robo1 axis. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:398. [PMID: 33680120 PMCID: PMC7918173 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) small nucleolar RNA host gene 7 (SNHG7) plays a crucial role in the progression of pancreatic cancer (PC). SNHG7 is upregulated in PC; therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the role and underlying mechanism of SNHG7 on PC progression. In the present study, the mRNA expression levels of SNHG7, microRNA(miR)-146b-5p and roundabout homolog 1 (Robo1) were measured via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Moreover, cell viability and apoptosis were assessed by MTT and flow cytometry assays, respectively. The ability of cells to migrate and invade was evaluated by Transwell assays. In addition, dual-luciferase reporter, RNA immunoprecipitation and RNA pull-down assays were conducted to assess the interaction between miR-146b-5p and SNHG7 or Robo1. The protein expression of Robo1 was measured via western blotting. Furthermore, mouse xenograft models were established to further investigate the effect of SNHG7 on PC progression in vivo. The results indicated that SNHG7 was highly expressed in PC tissues and cells. It was also found that SNHG7 was sponged by miR-146b-5p and that Robo1 was a target of miR-146b-5p. Moreover, it was demonstrated that SNHG7 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as tumorigenesis and apoptosis of PC cells in vitro and in vivo by regulating miR-146b-5p. The results also suggested that miR-146b-5p overexpression inhibited the progression of PC cells by modulating Robo1. Furthermore, silencing of SNHG7 downregulated Robo1 expression by sponging miR-146b-5p. Collectively, the present results indicate that SNHG7 promotes PC progression by sponging miR-146b-5p and upregulating Robo1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jian
- Emergency Medical Department, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
| | - Qi Fan
- Emergency Department, Jingzhou Central Hospital, Jingzhou, Hubei 434020, P.R. China
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Rabia E, Garambois V, Hubert J, Bruciamacchie M, Pirot N, Delpech H, Broyon M, Theillet C, Colombo PE, Vie N, Tosi D, Gongora C, Khellaf L, Jarlier M, Radosevic-Robin N, Chardès T, Pèlegrin A, Larbouret C. Anti-tumoral activity of the Pan-HER (Sym013) antibody mixture in gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer models. MAbs 2021; 13:1914883. [PMID: 33876707 PMCID: PMC8078530 DOI: 10.1080/19420862.2021.1914883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoresistance, particularly to gemcitabine, is a major challenge in pancreatic cancer. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and human epidermal growth factor receptors 2 and 3 (HER2, HER3) are expressed in many tumors, and they are relevant therapeutic targets due to their synergistic interaction to promote tumor aggressiveness and therapeutic resistance. Cocktails of antibodies directed against different targets are a promising strategy to overcome these processes. Here, we found by immunohistochemistry that these three receptors were co-expressed in 11% of patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We then developed gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer cell models (SW-1990-GR and BxPC3-GR) and one patient-derived xenograft (PDX2846-GR) by successive exposure to increasing doses of gemcitabine. We showed that expression of EGFR, HER2 and HER3 was increased in these gemcitabine-resistant pancreatic cancer models, and that an antibody mixture against all three receptors inhibited tumor growth in mice and downregulated HER receptors. Finally, we demonstrated that the Pan-HER and gemcitabine combination has an additive effect in vitro and in mice xenografted with the gemcitabine-sensitive or resistant pancreatic models. The mixture of anti-EGFR, HER2 and HER3 antibodies is a good candidate therapeutic approach for gemcitabine-sensitive and -resistant pancreatic cancer.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies/pharmacology
- Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic/pharmacology
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives
- Deoxycytidine/pharmacology
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm
- ErbB Receptors/antagonists & inhibitors
- ErbB Receptors/immunology
- ErbB Receptors/metabolism
- Female
- Humans
- Mice, Nude
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/immunology
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Pancreatic Neoplasms/pathology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-2/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Receptor, ErbB-3/antagonists & inhibitors
- Receptor, ErbB-3/immunology
- Receptor, ErbB-3/metabolism
- Tumor Burden/drug effects
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Gemcitabine
- Mice
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Affiliation(s)
- Emilia Rabia
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Véronique Garambois
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Julie Hubert
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Marine Bruciamacchie
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Nelly Pirot
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
- BioCampus Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS UAR3426, INSERM US09, Université De Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Hélène Delpech
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Morgane Broyon
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
- BioCampus Montpellier, Université Montpellier, CNRS UAR3426, INSERM US09, Université De Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Charles Theillet
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | | | - Nadia Vie
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Diego Tosi
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
- Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Celine Gongora
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Lakhdar Khellaf
- Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Marta Jarlier
- Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Nina Radosevic-Robin
- Centre Jean Perrin, Université Clermont Auvergne, INSERM U1240, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Thierry Chardès
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - André Pèlegrin
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
| | - Christel Larbouret
- Institut De Recherche En Cancérologie De Montpellier (IRCM), INSERM U1194, Université De Montpellier, Institut Régional Du Cancer De Montpellier (ICM), Montpellier, France
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Anticancer effects of miR-124 delivered by BM-MSC derived exosomes on cell proliferation, epithelial mesenchymal transition, and chemotherapy sensitivity of pancreatic cancer cells. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:19660-19676. [PMID: 33040049 PMCID: PMC7732307 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the roles of miR-124 in pancreatic tumor and potential vehicles. RESULTS The miR-124 expression levels decreased in pancreatic adenocarcinoma tissues and cancer cell lines AsPC-1, PANC1, BxPC-3 and SW1990. Furthermore, the elevated expression of miR-124 in AsPC-1 and PANC1 via miR-124 mimic transfection-induced apoptosis, metastasis and epithelial mesenchymal transition was suppressed, and the EZH2 overexpression partly reversed the protective effects of miR-124 against pancreatic tumors. In addition, the expression of miR-124 was detected in exosomes extracted from miR-124-transfected BM-MSCs, and these exosomes delivered miR-124 into pancreatic cancer cells, and presented the anti-tumor effects in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION MiR-124-carried BM-MSC-derived exosomes have potential applications for the treatment of pancreatic tumors. METHODS The expression of miR-124 and EZH2 was determined in both pancreatic cancer tissues and cell lines. miR-124 or EZH2 was overexpressed in AsPC-1 and PANC1 cells. Then, the effects on cell viability. apoptosis, invasion, migration and epithelial mesenchymal transition were evaluated. Afterwards, the roles of miR-124 on the expression and function of EZH2 in pancreatic tumors were determined by dual luciferase reporter assay. Subsequently, miR-124 was transfected to bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs), and the BM-MSCs derived exosomes were isolated and co-cultured with AsPC-1 and PANC1 cells, or injected into pancreatic cancer tumor-bearing mice.
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Elhossieny KM, Seleem WM, Abd-Elsalam S, Haydara T, Gharbawy NME. A Comparison of Ultrasound and Fluoroscopy-guided Celiac Plexus Neurolysis in Patients with Pancreatic Cancer. CURRENT CANCER THERAPY REVIEWS 2020. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394715666190904091145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background & Aims:
Celiac plexus neurolysis is an elegant way of reducing pain in
patients with pancreatic cancer. The aim of this work was to compare the effectiveness of ultrasound
versus fluoroscopy-guided celiac plexus neurolysis in pancreatic cancer management.
Methods:
This study included 60 patients presenting with pancreatic cancer pain; who were subjected
to one session of celiac plexus neurolysis and were divided equally into two groups: -
Group (1): included 30 patients (12 femalesamp;18 males); who were exposed to ultrasound (US)-
guided celiac plexus neurolysis and group (2): included 30 patients (10 females & 20 males) who
were exposed to fluoroscopy-guided celiac plexus neurolysis. Abdominal pain was assisted by
visual analogue score (VAS).
Results:
Regarding VAS, our results revealed that all patients showed improvement after celiac
plexus neurolysis either through ultrasound technique or via percutaneous fluoroscopy technique.
Furthermore, the ultrasound group recorded more significant pain relief with improved VAS than
the fluoroscopy group immediately and on long-term follow-up with mean ± SD as follows: -
Immediately (9.2 ± 0.8) to (2.5 ± 0.7) vs. (9.1 ± 0.7) to (3.5 ± 0.82, respectively); After 1 week
(1.1 ± 0.8 vs. 3.6 ± 1.7, respectively), after 1 month ( 1 ± 0.9 vs. 3.7 ± 1.9), after three months (1.7
± 1.01 vs. 5.9 ± 1.7, respectively) and after 6 months (2.3 ± 0.6 vs. 7.5 ± 1.6, respectively).
Conclusion:
The study revealed that ultrasound-guided celiac plexus neurolysis is more durable,
tolerable, effective and safe compared to fluoroscopy-guided neurolysis of patient suffering from
pancreatic cancer pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadeja M. Elhossieny
- Anaethesiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt
| | - Waseem M. Seleem
- Internal Medicine Department, Hepatology and Endoscopy Division, Zagazig University, Ash Sharqia Governorate 44519, Egypt
| | | | - Tamer Haydara
- Faculty of Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr El Sheikh, Egypt
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Song X, Lu Z, Xu J. Targeting cluster of differentiation 47 improves the efficacy of anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 treatment via antigen presentation enhancement in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3301-3309. [PMID: 32855701 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment with cluster of differentiation 47 (CD47) monoclonal antibody has exhibited promising antitumor effects in various preclinical cancer models. However, its role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains unclear. In the present study, the CD47 expression level was measured in PDAC patient samples. The effects of CD47 on antigen presentation and anti-tumor immunity were evaluated using phagocytotic assays and animal models. The results indicated that CD47 was overexpressed in the tumor tissue of PDAC patients compared with that in normal adjacent tissues. In the human samples, antigen-presenting cells (macrophages and dendritic cells) in tumors with high CD47 expression demonstrated low CD80 and CD86 expression levels. In an in vitro co-culture tumor cell system, CD47 overexpression was observed to inhibit the function of phagocytic cells. Furthermore, in a PDAC mouse model, CD47 overexpression was indicated to reduce antigen-presenting cell tumor infiltration and T-cell priming in tumor-draining lymph nodes. Anti-CD47 treatment appeared to enhance the efficacy of the approved immune checkpoint blockade agent anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte associated protein 4 (anti-CTLA4) in suppressing PDAC development in a mouse model. Therefore, it was concluded that CD47 overexpression suppressed antigen presentation and T-cell priming in PDAC. Anti-CD47 treatment may enhance the efficacy of anti-CTLA4 therapy and may therefore be a potential strategy for the treatment of PDAC patients in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifu Song
- Department of General Surgery, People's Hospital of Jiyang County, Jinan, Shandong 250000, P.R. China
| | - Zenghong Lu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical College, Ganzhou, Jiangxi 341000, P.R. China
| | - Jianqing Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Xi'an Gaoxin Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710075, P.R. China
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Wu L, Liu Y, Guo C, Shao Y. LncRNA OIP5-AS1 promotes the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via regulating miR-429/FOXD1/ERK pathway. Cancer Cell Int 2020; 20:296. [PMID: 32669972 PMCID: PMC7346488 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-020-01366-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), a subtype of pancreatic cancer, is a malignant tumor with unfavorable prognosis. Despite accumulating researches have made efforts on finding novel therapeutic methods for this disease, the underlying mechanism of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) remains elusive. OIP5 antisense RNA 1 (OIP5-AS1) has been reported to play important role in the occurrence and development of multiple human cancers. This study was aimed at unveiling the regulatory role of OIP5-AS1 in PDAC. METHODS RT-qPCR analysis revealed the OIP5-AS1 expression in PDAC tissues and adjacent normal ones. Kaplan-Meier method was applied to analyze the overall survival of patients with high or low level of OIP5-AS1. Gain- or loss-of function assays were performed to assess the effects of OIP5-AS1 knockdown on cell functions, including proliferation, migration and EMT process. Mechanism experiments, such as luciferase reporter and RNA pull-down assays proved the interaction between OIP5-AS1 and miR-429 as well as that between miR-429 and FOXD1. RESULTS OIP5-AS1 was up-regulated in PDAC tissues and cell lines, and high level of OIP5-AS1 indicated poor prognosis in PDAC patients. OIP5-AS1 knockdown hindered cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process, while overexpression of OIP5-AS1 caused the opposite results. OIP5-AS1 activated ERK pathway through up-regulating forkhead box D1 (FOXD1) expression by sponging miR-429. Furthermore, OIP5-AS1 facilitated cell growth in vivo. CONCLUSION OIP5-AS1 exerted oncogenic function in PDAC cells through targeting miR-429/FOXD1/ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, No. 277 West Yanta Road, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi China
| | - Yongcun Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First People’s Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, 712000 Shaanxi China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi China
| | - Yuan Shao
- Department of E.N.T, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, 710061 Shaanxi China
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Lowder CY, Dhir T, Goetz AB, Thomsett HL, Bender J, Tatarian T, Madhavan S, Petricoin EF, Blais E, Lavu H, Winter JM, Posey J, Brody JR, Pishvaian MJ, Yeo CJ. A step towards personalizing next line therapy for resected pancreatic and related cancer patients: A single institution's experience. Surg Oncol 2020; 33:118-125. [PMID: 32561076 PMCID: PMC7498307 DOI: 10.1016/j.suronc.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background: There is a lack of precision medicine in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and related cancers, and outcomes for patients with this diagnosis remain poor despite decades of research investigating this disease. Therefore, it is necessary to explore novel therapeutic options for these patients who may benefit from personalized therapies. Objective: Molecular profiling of hepatopancreaticobiliary malignancies at our institution, including but not limited to PDA, was initiated to assess the feasibility of incorporating molecular profiling results into patient oncological therapy planning. Methods: All eligible patients from Thomas Jefferson University (TJU) with hepatopancreaticobiliary tumors including PDA, who agreed to molecular testing profiling, were prospectively enrolled in a registry study from December 2014 to September 2017 and their tumor samples were tested to identify molecular markers that can be used to guide therapy options in the future. Next generation sequencing (NGS) and protein expression in tumor samples were tested at CLIA-certified laboratories. Prospective clinicopathologic data were extracted from medical records and compiled in a de-identified fashion. Results: Seventy eight (78) patients were enrolled in the study, which included 65/78 patients with PDA (local and metastatic) and out of that subset, 52/65 patients had surgically resected PDA. Therapy recommendations were generated based on molecular and clinicopathologic data for all enrolled patients. NGS uncovered actionable alterations in 25/52 surgically resected PDAs (48%) which could be used to guide therapy options in the future. High expression of three proteins, TS (p ¼ 0.005), ERCC1 (p = 0.001), and PD-1 (p = 0.04), was associated with reduced recurrence-free survival (RFS), while TP53 mutations were correlated with longer RFS (p = 0.01). Conclusions: The goal of this study was to implement a stepwise strategy to identify and profile resected PDAs at our institution. Consistent with previous studies, approximately half of patients with resected PDA harbor actionable mutations with possible targeted therapeutic implications. Ongoing studies will determine the clinical value of identifying these mutations in patients with resected PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinthya Y Lowder
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Teena Dhir
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Austin B Goetz
- Department of Surgery, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Henry L Thomsett
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | | | - Talar Tatarian
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Subha Madhavan
- Perthera, Inc, McLean, VA, USA; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | | | - Harish Lavu
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jordan M Winter
- University Hospital Seidman Cancer Center, Cleveland, OH, USA; University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - James Posey
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan R Brody
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Pishvaian
- Perthera, Inc, McLean, VA, USA; The University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Charles J Yeo
- The Jefferson Pancreatic, Biliary, and Related Cancer Center, Department of Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Zhao J, Wen X, Li T, Shi S, Xiong C, Wang YA, Li C. Concurrent Injection of Unlabeled Antibodies Allows Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 Expression in an Orthotopic Pancreatic Tumor Model. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:8474-8482. [PMID: 32337408 PMCID: PMC7178348 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b03731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Among the treatment options for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) are antibodies against the programmed cell death receptor 1 (PD-1)/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) pathway. Positron emission tomography (PET) has been successfully used to assess PD-1/PD-L1 signaling in subcutaneous tumor models, but orthotopic tumor models are increasingly being recognized as a better option to accurately recapitulate human disease. However, when PET radiotracers have high uptake in the liver and spleen, it can obscure signals from the adjacent pancreas, making visualization of the response in orthotopic pancreatic tumors technically challenging. In this study, we first investigated the impact of radioisotope chelators on the biodistribution of 64Cu-labeled anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies and compared the distribution profiles of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 antibodies. We then tested the hypothesis that co-injection of unlabeled antibodies reduces uptake of 64Cu-labeled anti-PD-L1 antibodies in the spleen and thereby permits accurate delineation of orthotopic pancreatic tumors in mice. Procedures: We established subcutaneous and orthotopic mouse models of PDAC using KRAS* murine pancreatic cancer cells with a doxycycline-inducible mutation of KRASG12D. We then (1) compared the biodistribution of 64Cu-labeled anti-PD-1 with 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane tetraacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-DOTA) and 2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (p-SCN-Bn-NOTA) used as the chelators in the orthotopic model; (2) compared the biodistribution of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-PD-1 and [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-PD-L1 in the orthotopic model; and (3) imaged subcutaneous and orthotopic KRAS* tumors with [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-PD-L1 with and without co-injection of unlabeled anti-PD-L1 as the blocking agent. Results: [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-PD-L1 was a promising imaging probe. By co-injection of an excess of unlabeled anti-PD-L1, background signals of [64Cu]Cu-NOTA-anti-PD-L1 from the spleen were significantly reduced, leading to a clear delineation of orthotopic pancreatic tumors. Conclusions: Co-injection with unlabeled anti-PD-L1 is a useful method for PET imaging of PD-L1 expression in orthotopic pancreatic cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhao
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Xiaoxia Wen
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Tingting Li
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Sixiang Shi
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Chiyi Xiong
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Yaoqi Alan Wang
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
| | - Chun Li
- Department
of Cancer Systems Imaging and Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1881 East Road, 3SCRB4.3636, Houston, Texas 77054, United States
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45
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Lohse I, Brothers SP. Pathogenesis and Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer Related Pain. Anticancer Res 2020; 40:1789-1796. [PMID: 32234867 DOI: 10.21873/anticanres.14133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is often diagnosed due to the patient seeking medical attention for abdominal pain. It is among the most painful cancers, with pain severity strongly correlating with prognosis. Perineural invasion is a prominent feature of pancreatic cancer and often the first route of metastasis resulting in neuropathic pain. While surgical pain is present, it is generally short-lived; chemo- and radio-therapy associated side effect pain is often longer lasting and more difficult to manage. Treatment-induced mucositis in response to chemotherapy occurs throughout the GI tract resulting in infection-prone ulcers on the lip, buccal mucosa, palate or tongue. Cisplatin treatment is associated with axonal neuropathy in the dorsal root ganglion, although other large sensory fibers can be affected. Opioid-induced hyperalgesia can also emerge in patients. Along with traditional means to address pain, neurolytic celiac plexus block of afferent nociceptive fibers has been reported to be effective in 74% of patients. Moreover, as cancer treatments become more effective and result in improved survival, treatment-related side effects become more prevalent. Here, pancreatic cancer and treatment associated pain are reviewed along with current treatment strategies. Potential future therapeutic strategies to target the pathophysiology underlying pancreatic cancer and pain induction are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Lohse
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Therapeutics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A
| | - Shaun P Brothers
- Center for Therapeutic Innovation, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, U.S.A. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A.,Molecular Therapeutics Shared Resource, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami, FL, U.S.A
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46
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Kim SY, Choi M, Hwang HK, Rho SY, Lee WJ, Kang CM. Intraoperative Transfusion is Independently Associated with a Worse Prognosis in Resected Pancreatic Cancer-a Retrospective Cohort Analysis. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9030689. [PMID: 32143434 PMCID: PMC7141199 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9030689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS Investigate whether intraoperative transfusion is a negative prognostic factor for oncologic outcomes of resected pancreatic cancer. METHODS From June 2004 to January 2014, the medical records of 305 patients were retrospectively reviewed, who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy, pylorus preserving pancreatoduodenectomy, total pancreatectomy, distal pancreatectomy for pancreatic cancer. Patients diagnosed with metastatic disease (n = 3) and locally advanced diseases (n = 15) were excluded during the analysis, and total of 287 patients were analyzed. RESULTS The recurrence and disease-specific survival rates of the patients who received intraoperative transfusion showed poorer survival outcomes compared to those who did not (P = 0.031, P = 0.010). Through multivariate analysis, T status (HR (hazard ratio) = 2.04, [95% CI (confidence interval): 1.13-3.68], P = 0.018), N status (HR = 1.46 [95% CI: 1.00-2.12], P = 0.045), adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 0.51, [95% CI: 0.35-0.75], P = 0.001), intraoperative transfusion (HR = 1.94 [95% CI: 1.23-3.07], P = 0.004) were independent prognostic factors of disease-specific survival after surgery. As well, adjuvant chemotherapy (HR = 0.67, [95% CI: 0.46-0.97], P = 0.035) was independently associated with tumor recurrence. Estimated blood loss was one of the most powerful factors associated with intraoperative transfusion (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Intraoperative transfusion can be considered as an independent prognostic factor of resected pancreatic cancer. As well, it can be avoided by following strict transfusion policy and using advanced surgical techniques to minimize bleeding during surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si Youn Kim
- Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Munseok Choi
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.C.); (H.K.H.); (S.Y.R.); (W.J.L.)
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Ho Kyoung Hwang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.C.); (H.K.H.); (S.Y.R.); (W.J.L.)
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Seoung Yoon Rho
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.C.); (H.K.H.); (S.Y.R.); (W.J.L.)
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Woo Jung Lee
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.C.); (H.K.H.); (S.Y.R.); (W.J.L.)
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Chang Moo Kang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea; (M.C.); (H.K.H.); (S.Y.R.); (W.J.L.)
- Pancreatobiliary Cancer Center, Yonsei Cancer Center, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2228-2135; Fax: +82-2-313-8289
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Zhu J, Zhu S, Yu Q, Wu Y. LncRNA FAM66C inhibits pancreatic cancer progression by sponging miR-574-3p. Transl Cancer Res 2020; 9:1806-1817. [PMID: 35117528 PMCID: PMC8798657 DOI: 10.21037/tcr.2020.02.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer is an extensively concerned human malignancy around the globe, yet the potential therapeutic target remains to be further determined. MicroRNA and LncRNA have been reported to be involved in progression of pancreatic cancer, while the biological role of microRNA-574-3p (miR-574-3p) and FAM66C in pancreatic cancer development is poorly investigated. Methods Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis was employed to detect the expression of miR-574-3p and FAM66C in pancreatic normal or cancerous tissues and cells. The proliferative and apoptosis signaling molecules were also examined via qPCR and western blot separately. Additionally, cell proliferation and apoptosis assay were performed via CCK8, colony formation and Annexin V-FITC apoptosis assay. Interaction between miR-574-3p and FAM66C was interrogated by luciferase reporter assay and RNA immunoprecipitation. Even more, a pancreatic cancer xenograft mice assay was implemented to illustrate the coordinating role of miR-574-3p and FAM66C in pancreatic cancer proliferation. Results We found that levels of miR-574-3p were significantly higher in cancer tissues and cells compared to normal (P<0.05). Remarkably, the results indicated that depletion of miR-574-3p inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of human pancreatic cancer cell lines. Additionally, FAM66C was demonstrated to interact with miR-574-3p and inhibit its expression. Significantly, FAM66C was proved to act as a tumor suppressor role via inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting cell apoptosis in pancreatic cancer. Moreover, FAM66C coordinated with miR-574-3p to regulate progression of xenograft tumor in the nude mice. Conclusions FAM66C-miR-574-3p axis mediates progression of pancreatic and might be the promising therapeutic target for pancreatic cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangang Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Sheng Zhu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Qiang Yu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
| | - Yong Wu
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Nanjing Medical University Affiliated Changzhou No. 2 People's Hospital, Changzhou 213000, China
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Wang W, Liu B, Sun S, Lan L, Chen Y, Han S, Li X, Li Z. Downregulation of miR-486-5p Enhances the Anti-Tumor Effect of 5-Fluorouracil on Pancreatic Cancer Cells. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:1649-1659. [PMID: 32158231 PMCID: PMC7047986 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s231153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background 5-Fluorouracil (5-Fu) has been applied to treat pancreatic cancer, which is one of the most common types of digestive system tumors. Evidence has shown that miR-486-5p could promote the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether downregulation of miR-486-5p could enhance the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fu on pancreatic cancer cells. Methods Cell Counting Kit 8 assay, flow cytometry and wound healing assays were used to detect proliferation, apoptosis and migration in PANC-1 cells. The expressions of Bcl-2, Bax, cleaved caspase 3, PTEN, p-Akt and p-ERK in PANC-1 cells were detected with Western blot assay. Results In this study, the inhibitory effects of 5-Fu on the proliferation, migration and invasion of PANC-1 cells were significantly enhanced following transfection with miR-486-5p antagonist. In addition, downregulation of miR-486-5p markedly enhanced the pro-apoptosis effect of 5-Fu on PANC-1 cells. Moreover, bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay identified that PTEN was the directly binding target of miR-486-5p. Meanwhile, downregulation of miR-486-5p markedly enhanced the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fu in PANC-1 cells via upregulation of the level of PTEN, and downregulation of the expressions of p-ERK and p-Akt. In vivo experiments confirmed that knockdown of miR-486-5p could enhance the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fu in PANC-1 xenograft model. Conclusion We found that the downregulation of miR-486-5p could enhance the anti-tumor effect of 5-Fu on pancreatic cancer cells. Therefore, miR-486-5p antagonist plus 5-Fu might be considered as a potential therapeutic strategy for the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowei Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Suofeng Sun
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Lan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nanhai Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, Guangdong 528200, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangyin Han
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuling Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, People's Hospital of Henan University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450003, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoshen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, People's Republic of China
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Fan JQ, Wang MF, Chen HL, Shang D, Das JK, Song J. Current advances and outlooks in immunotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:32. [PMID: 32061257 PMCID: PMC7023714 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01151-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an incurable cancer resistant to traditional treatments, although a limited number of early-stage patients can undergo radical resection. Immunotherapies for the treatment of haematological malignancies as well as solid tumours have been substantially improved over the past decades, and impressive results have been obtained in recent preclinical and clinical trials. However, PDAC is likely the exception because of its unique tumour microenvironment (TME). In this review, we summarize the characteristics of the PDAC TME and focus on the network of various tumour-infiltrating immune cells, outlining the current advances in PDAC immunotherapy and addressing the effect of the PDAC TME on immunotherapy. This review further explores the combinations of different therapies used to enhance antitumour efficacy or reverse immunodeficiencies and describes optimizable immunotherapeutic strategies for PDAC. The concordant combination of various treatments, such as targeting cancer cells and the stroma, reversing suppressive immune reactions and enhancing antitumour reactivity, may be the most promising approach for the treatment of PDAC. Traditional treatments, especially chemotherapy, may also be optimized for individual patients to remodel the immunosuppressive microenvironment for enhanced therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-qiao Fan
- Third General Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Meng-Fei Wang
- Third General Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Hai-Long Chen
- Third General Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dong Shang
- Third General Surgery Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jugal K. Das
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX USA
| | - Jianxun Song
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, College Station, TX USA
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50
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Shakeel S, Finley C, Akhtar-Danesh G, Seow HY, Akhtar-Danesh N. Trends in survival based on treatment modality in patients with pancreatic cancer: a population-based study. Curr Oncol 2020; 27:e1-e8. [PMID: 32218662 PMCID: PMC7096205 DOI: 10.3747/co.27.5211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Pancreatic cancer (pcc) is one of the most lethal types of cancer, and surgery remains the optimal treatment modality for patients with resectable tumours. The objective of the present study was to examine and compare trends in the survival rate based on treatment modality in patients with pcc. Methods This population-based retrospective analysis included all patients with known-stage pcc in Ontario between 2007 and 2015. Flexible parametric models were used to conduct the survival analysis. Survival rates were calculated based on treatment modality, while adjusting for patient- and tumour-specific covariates. Results The study included 6437 patients. We found no noticeable improvement in survival for patients with stage iii or iv tumours; however, for stage i disease, the 1-, 2-, and 5-year survival rates increased over time to 81% from 51%, to 71% from 35%, and to 61% from 22% respectively. Most improvements were seen for surgical modalities, with 2-year survivals increasing to 89% from 65% for distal pancreatectomy (dp) without radiation (rt) or chemotherapy (ctx), to 65% from 37% for dp plus rt or ctx, to 60% from 44% for Whipple-only, and to 50% from 36% for Whipple plus rt or ctx. Lastly, 5-year survival improved to 81% from 52% for dp only, to 41% from 12% for dp plus rt or ctx, to 49% from 25% for Whipple-only, and to 26% from 12% for Whipple plus rt or ctx. Conclusions Most cases of pcc continue to be diagnosed at a late stage, with poor short-term and long-term prognoses. After adjustment for patient age, sex, and year of diagnosis, the survival for stage i tumours and for surgical modalities increased over time. Further research is needed to identify the reasons for improvement in survival during the study period.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Shakeel
- School of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON
| | | | | | - H Y Seow
- Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact
- Oncology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
| | - N Akhtar-Danesh
- Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact
- School of Nursing, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON
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