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Vlachová M, Gregorová J, Vychytilová-Faltejsková P, Gabło NA, Radová L, Pospíšilová L, Almáši M, Štork M, Knechtová Z, Minařík J, Popková T, Jelínek T, Hájek R, Pour L, Říhová L, Ševčíková S. Involvement of Small Non-Coding RNA and Cell Antigens in Pathogenesis of Extramedullary Multiple Myeloma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314765. [PMID: 36499093 PMCID: PMC9741227 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Extramedullary multiple myeloma (EMD) is an aggressive disease; malignant plasma cells lose their dependence in the bone marrow microenvironment and migrate into tissues. EMD is a negative prognostic factor of survival. Using flow cytometry and next-generation sequencing, we aimed to identify antigens and microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in EMD pathogenesis. Flow cytometry analysis revealed significant differences in the level of clonal plasma cells between MM and EMD patients, while the expression of CD markers was comparable between these two groups. Further, miR-26a-5p and miR-30e-5p were found to be significantly down-regulated in EMD compared to MM. Based on the expression of miR-26a-5p, we were able to distinguish these two groups of patients with high sensitivity and specificity. In addition, the involvement of deregulated miRNAs in cell cycle regulation, ubiquitin-mediated proteolysis and signaling pathways associated with infections or neurological disorders was observed using GO and KEGG pathways enrichment analysis. Subsequently, a correlation between the expression of analyzed miRNAs and the levels of CD molecules was observed. Finally, clinicopathological characteristics as well as CD antigens associated with the prognosis of MM and EMD patients were identified. Altogether, we identified several molecules possibly involved in the transformation of MM into EMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Vlachová
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Gregorová
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Petra Vychytilová-Faltejsková
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Natalia Anna Gabło
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Radová
- Centre for Molecular Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lenka Pospíšilová
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martina Almáši
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Štork
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeňka Knechtová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Minařík
- Department of Hemato-Oncology, University Hospital Olomouc and Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University Olomouc, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Tereza Popková
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, and Faculty of Medicine, University Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Jelínek
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, and Faculty of Medicine, University Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Hájek
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, and Faculty of Medicine, University Ostrava, 708 00 Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Luděk Pour
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Říhová
- Department of Clinical Hematology, University Hospital Brno, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sabina Ševčíková
- Babak Myeloma Group, Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +420-549-493-380
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Saltarella I, Lamanuzzi A, Desantis V, Di Marzo L, Melaccio A, Curci P, Annese T, Nico B, Solimando AG, Bartoli G, Tolomeo D, Storlazzi CT, Mariggiò MA, Ria R, Musto P, Vacca A, Frassanito MA. Myeloma cells regulate
miRNA
transfer from fibroblast‐derived exosomes by expression of
lncRNAs. J Pathol 2021; 256:402-413. [DOI: 10.1002/path.5852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Saltarella
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Vanessa Desantis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Pharmacology Section, University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Lucia Di Marzo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Paola Curci
- Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico Bari Italy
| | - Tiziana Annese
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School Bari Italy
| | - Beatrice Nico
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences Neurosciences and Sensory Organs, Section of Human Anatomy and Histology, University of Bari Medical School Bari Italy
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Giulia Bartoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Doron Tolomeo
- Department of Biology University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Via E. Orabona no. 4, 70125 Bari Italy
| | | | - Maria Addolorata Mariggiò
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of General Pathology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Roberto Ria
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Pellegrino Musto
- Unit of Hematology and Stem Cell Transplantation, AOUC Policlinico Bari Italy
- Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation "Aldo Moro", University School of Medicine Bari Italy
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of Internal Medicine "Guido Baccelli", University of Bari Medical School, Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari Italy
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology Unit of General Pathology, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari Italy
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3
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Desantis V, Solimando AG, Saltarella I, Sacco A, Giustini V, Bento M, Lamanuzzi A, Melaccio A, Frassanito MA, Paradiso A, Montagnani M, Vacca A, Roccaro AM. MicroRNAs as a Potential New Preventive Approach in the Transition from Asymptomatic to Symptomatic Multiple Myeloma Disease. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13153650. [PMID: 34359551 PMCID: PMC8344971 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13153650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Multiple myeloma (MM) is the second most common haematologic malignancy, and it remains an incurable disease despite the advances of novel therapies. It is characterised by a multistep process that arises from a pre-malignant asymptomatic status-defined monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), evolves to a middle stage named smouldering myeloma phase (SMM), and culminates in the active disease (MM). Identification of early and non-invasive markers of the disease progression is currently an active field of investigation. In this review, we discuss the role and significance of microRNAs (miRNAs) as potential diagnostic biomarkers to predict the clinical transition from MGUS/SMM status to MM. Abstract Multiple myeloma (MM) is a hematological malignancy characterised by proliferation of clonal plasma cells (PCs) within the bone marrow (BM). Myelomagenesis is a multi-step process which goes from an asymptomatic phase, defined as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), to a smouldering myeloma (SMM) stage, to a final active MM disease, characterised by hypercalcemia, renal failure, bone lesions anemia, and higher risk of infections. Overall, microRNAs (miRNAs) have shown to significantly impact on MM tumorigenesis, as a result of miRNA-dependent modulation of genes involved in pathways known to be crucial for MM pathogenesis and disease progression. We aim to revise the literature related to the role of miRNAs as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, thus highlighting their key role as novel players within the field of MM and related premalignant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Desantis
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Antonio Giovanni Solimando
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Ilaria Saltarella
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Antonio Sacco
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Viviana Giustini
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
| | - Marta Bento
- Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Department of Hematology and Transplantation, Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-035 Lisbon, Portugal;
| | - Aurelia Lamanuzzi
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Assunta Melaccio
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
| | - Maria Antonia Frassanito
- Unit of General Pathology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angelo Paradiso
- IRCCS Istituto Tumori “Giovanni Paolo II” of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Monica Montagnani
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Pharmacology Section, Medical School, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Angelo Vacca
- Unit of Internal Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70124 Bari, Italy; (V.D.); (A.G.S.); (I.S.); (A.L.); (A.M.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (A.M.R.)
| | - Aldo M. Roccaro
- Clinical Research Development and Phase I Unit, ASST Spedali Civili di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (A.S.); (V.G.)
- Correspondence: (A.V.); (A.M.R.)
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Wang W, Shim YK, Michalek JE, Barber E, Saleh LM, Choi BY, Wang CP, Ketchum N, Costello R, Marti G, Vogt RF, Landgren O, Calvo KR. Serum microRNA profiles among dioxin exposed veterans with monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2020; 83:269-278. [PMID: 32285757 PMCID: PMC7908056 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2020.1749919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Previously an increased risk for monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a precursor of multiple myeloma (MM), was reported among Vietnam veterans exposed to Agent Orange and its contaminant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). Dysregulated expression of certain microRNAs (miRNAs) was demonstrated in MGUS and MM. Given the important role of miRNAs in cellular homeostasis, the aim of this study was to determine if there was an association between serum levels of selected miRNAs and TCDD in 47 MGUS cases identified in our previous investigation using serum specimens and exposure data archived by the Air Force Health Study (AFHS). A total of 13 miRNA levels (let-7a, let-7i, miR-16, miR-20a, miR-21, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-146a, miR-181a, miR-192, miR-205, miR-335, and miR-361) was measured in serum stored during the 2002 AFHS follow-up and the relationship to lipid-adjusted serum TCDD levels in 1987 was determined. miR-34a showed the strongest relationship with TCDD; after age-adjustment, this positive association was more pronounced. In contrast, the other 12 miRNAs displayed absolute values of age adjusted coefficient estimates below 1.16 and non-significant p-values. The observed strong positive association between high body burdens of TCDD and miR-34a, a tumor suppressor regulated by p53, in this MGUS population warrants clarification of the TCDD-miR-34a relationship and its role in the pathogenesis of MGUS and risk for MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Wang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Youn K. Shim
- Division of Toxicology and Human Health Sciences, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Atlanta, GA
| | - Joel E. Michalek
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Emily Barber
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Layla M. Saleh
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Hematology Section, Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Egypt
| | - Byeong-Yeob Choi
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Chen-Pin Wang
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Norma Ketchum
- Department of Population Health Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX
| | - Rene Costello
- National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Gerald Marti
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Robert F. Vogt
- National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA
| | - Ola Landgren
- Myeloma Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY
| | - Katherine R. Calvo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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5
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Pourhanifeh MH, Mahjoubin-Tehran M, Shafiee A, Hajighadimi S, Moradizarmehri S, Mirzaei H, Asemi Z. MicroRNAs and exosomes: Small molecules with big actions in multiple myeloma pathogenesis. IUBMB Life 2019; 72:314-333. [PMID: 31828868 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM), an incurable hematologic malignancy of plasma cells increasing in the bone marrow (BM), has a complex microenvironment made to support proliferation, survival, and drug resistance of tumor cells. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), short non-coding RNAs regulating genes expression at posttranscriptional level, have been indicated to be functionally deregulated or abnormally expressed in MM cells. Moreover, by means of miRNAs, tumor microenvironment also modulates the function of MM cells. Consistently, it has been demonstrated that miRNA levels regulation impairs their interaction with the microenvironment of BM as well as create considerable antitumor feature even capable of overcoming the protective BM milieu. Communication between cancer stromal cells and cancer cells is a key factor in tumor progression. Finding out this interaction is important to develop effective approaches that reverse bone diseases. Exosomes, nano-vehicles having crucial roles in cell-to-cell communication, through targeting their cargos (i.e., miRNAs, mRNAs, DNAs, and proteins), are implicated in MM pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H Pourhanifeh
- Halal Research Center of IRI, FDA, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahjoubin-Tehran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Alimohammad Shafiee
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sarah Hajighadimi
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Sanaz Moradizarmehri
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada
| | - Hamed Mirzaei
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Zatollah Asemi
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
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6
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Circulating microRNAs and Their Role in Multiple Myeloma. Noncoding RNA 2019; 5:ncrna5020037. [PMID: 31052608 PMCID: PMC6631121 DOI: 10.3390/ncrna5020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a plasma cell dyscrasia characterized by bone marrow infiltration of clonal plasma cells. The recent literature has clearly demonstrated clonal heterogeneity in terms of both the genomic and transcriptomic signature of the tumor. Of note, novel studies have also highlighted the importance of the functional cross-talk between the tumor clone and the surrounding bone marrow milieu, as a relevant player of MM pathogenesis. These findings have certainly enhanced our understanding of the underlying mechanisms supporting MM pathogenesis and disease progression. Within the specific field of small non-coding RNA-research, recent studies have provided evidence for considering microRNAs as a crucial regulator of MM biology and, in this context, circulating microRNAs have been shown to potentially contribute to prognostic stratification of MM patients. The present review will summarize the most recent studies within the specific topic of microRNAs and circulating microRNAs in MM.
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7
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Wang W, Corrigan-Cummins M, Barber EA, Saleh LM, Zingone A, Ghafoor A, Costello R, Zhang Y, Kurlander RJ, Korde N, Roccaro AM, Ghobrial IM, Landgren O, Calvo KR. Aberrant Levels of miRNAs in Bone Marrow Microenvironment and Peripheral Blood of Myeloma Patients and Disease Progression. J Mol Diagn 2015; 17:669-78. [PMID: 26433312 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 06/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment of multiple myeloma (MM) is reported to play a role in the biology of disease. In this study, we found that the extracellular BM microenvironment in MM contains a unique miRNA signature detectable by miRNA microarray and quantitative real-time PCR, which is partially represented in the peripheral blood. Eleven miRNAs were significantly decreased in both BM and serum of MM patients in comparison with controls. Evaluation of these miRNAs in plasma of a separate cohort of MM patients and controls confirmed significantly aberrant levels of let-7a, let-7b, let-7i, miR-15b, miR-16, and miR-20a in both serum and plasma. We then studied the myeloma precursor diseases and found that a subset of the MM miRNAs exhibited aberrant expression in monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance and smoldering myeloma. miRNA analysis of enriched CD138(+) plasma cells from MM and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance found that most of the validated MM BM signature miRNAs were significantly decreased in MM plasma cells. Gene expression profiling indicated that multiple targets of the decreased miRNAs found increased expression in MM plasma cells, including ATF2, HRAS, HDAC4, TGFB1, TGFBR1, and mitogen-activated protein kinases. The findings suggest that these miRNAs are detectable in aberrant levels in the peripheral blood of patients with plasma cell proliferation and may play a role in aberrant plasma cell proliferation and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixin Wang
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Meghan Corrigan-Cummins
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Emily A Barber
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Layla M Saleh
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Adriana Zingone
- Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Azam Ghafoor
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Rene Costello
- Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Yong Zhang
- Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Roger J Kurlander
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Neha Korde
- Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Aldo M Roccaro
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Irene M Ghobrial
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ola Landgren
- Multiple Myeloma Section, Metabolism Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Katherine R Calvo
- Hematology Section, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, Maryland.
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8
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Pathogenesis beyond the cancer clone(s) in multiple myeloma. Blood 2015; 125:3049-58. [PMID: 25838343 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2014-11-568881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 4 decades, basic research has provided crucial information regarding the cellular and molecular biology of cancer. In particular, the relevance of cancer microenvironment (including both cellular and noncellular elements) and the concept of clonal evolution and heterogeneity have emerged as important in cancer pathogenesis, immunologic escape, and resistance to therapy. Multiple myeloma (MM), a cancer of terminally differentiated plasma cells, is emblematic of the impact of cancer microenvironment and the role of clonal evolution. Although genetic and epigenetic aberrations occur in MM and evolve over time under the pressure of exogenous stimuli, they are also largely present in premalignant plasma cell dyscrasia such as monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) and smoldering multiple myeloma (SMM), suggesting that genetic mutations alone are necessary, but not sufficient, for myeloma transformation. The role of bone marrow microenvironment in mediating survival, proliferation, and resistance to therapy in myeloma is well established; and although an appealing speculation, its role in fostering the evolution of MGUS or SMM into MM is yet to be proven. In this review, we discuss MM pathogenesis with a particular emphasis on the role of bone marrow microenvironment.
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9
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Landgren O, Morgan GJ. Biologic frontiers in multiple myeloma: from biomarker identification to clinical practice. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 20:804-13. [PMID: 24270684 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-13-2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Since the mid-1990s, the multiple myeloma treatment landscape has evolved considerably, which has led to improved patient outcomes and prolonged survival. In addition to discovering new, targeted agents or treatment regimens, the identification and validation of biomarkers has the potential to further improve patient outcomes. The International Staging System relies on a number of biochemical parameters to stratify patients into risk categories. Other biologically relevant markers that are indicative of inherited genetic variation (e.g., single-nucleotide polymorphisms) or tumor-acquired genetic events (e.g., chromosomal translocations or mutations) have been studied for their prognostic potential. In patients with high-risk cytogenetics, plasma cells (PC) undergo genetic shifts over time, which may partially explain why high-risk patients relapse and are so difficult to treat. Although novel agents have improved treatment outcomes, identification of markers that will enable clinicians to determine which treatment is most appropriate for high-risk patients following initial diagnosis represents an exciting frontier in the clinical management of multiple myeloma. Biomarkers based on quantitating PCs or factors that are secreted from them (e.g., serum free light chain) may also help to risk-stratify patients with asymptomatic multiple myeloma. Eventually, identification of novel biomarkers may lead to the creation of personalized treatment regimens that are optimized to target clonal PCs that express a specific oncogenomic profile. Although the future is exciting, validation will be necessary before these biologic and molecular beacons can inform decision-making processes in a routine clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ola Landgren
- Authors' Affiliations: National Cancer Institute, NIH, Center for Cancer Research, Medical Oncology Branch, Bethesda, Maryland; and The Institute of Cancer Research, Royal Cancer Hospital, London, United Kingdom
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10
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Ahmad N, Haider S, Jagannathan S, Anaissie E, Driscoll JJ. MicroRNA theragnostics for the clinical management of multiple myeloma. Leukemia 2013; 28:732-8. [PMID: 24714346 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2013.262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Accepted: 08/27/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Theragnostics represent cutting-edge, multi-disciplinary strategies that combine diagnostics with therapeutics in order to generate personalized therapies that improve patient outcome. In oncology, the approach is aimed at more accurate diagnosis of cancer, optimization of patient selection to identify those most likely to benefit from a specific therapy and to generate effective therapeutics that enhance patient survival. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are master regulators of the human genome that orchestrate myriad cellular pathways to control growth during physiologic and pathologic conditions. Compelling evidence shows that miRNA deregulation promotes events linked to tumor initiation, metastasis and drug resistance as seen in multiple myeloma (MM), an invariably fatal hematologic malignancy. miRNAs are readily detected in body fluids, for example, serum, plasma, urine, as well as circulating tumor cells to demonstrate their potential as readily accessible, non-invasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and potential therapeutics. Specific miRNAs are aberrantly expressed early in myelomagenesis and may more readily detect high-risk disease than current methods. Although only recently discovered miRNAs have rapidly advanced from preclinical studies to evaluation in human clinical trials. The development of miRNA theragnostics should provide widely applicable tools for the targeted delivery of personalized medicines to improve the outcome of patients with MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ahmad
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Haider
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - S Jagannathan
- 1] Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] The Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - E Anaissie
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - J J Driscoll
- 1] Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA [2] Division of Hematology and Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA [3] The Vontz Center for Molecular Studies, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA [4] Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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Benetatos L, Hatzimichael E, Londin E, Vartholomatos G, Loher P, Rigoutsos I, Briasoulis E. The microRNAs within the DLK1-DIO3 genomic region: involvement in disease pathogenesis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:795-814. [PMID: 22825660 PMCID: PMC11114045 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1080-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2011] [Revised: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 06/28/2012] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian genome is transcribed in a developmentally regulated manner, generating RNA strands ranging from long to short non-coding RNA (ncRNAs). NcRNAs generated by intergenic sequences and protein-coding loci, represent up to 98 % of the human transcriptome. Non-coding transcripts comprise short ncRNAs such as microRNAs, piwi-interacting RNAs, small nucleolar RNAs and long intergenic RNAs, most of which exercise a strictly controlled negative regulation of expression of protein-coding genes. In humans, the DLK1-DIO3 genomic region, located on human chromosome 14 (14q32) contains the paternally expressed imprinted genes DLK1, RTL1, and DIO3 and the maternally expressed imprinted genes MEG3 (Gtl2), MEG8 (RIAN), and antisense RTL1 (asRTL1). This region hosts, in addition to two long intergenic RNAs, the MEG3 and MEG8, one of the largest microRNA clusters in the genome, with 53 miRNAs in the forward strand and one (mir-1247) in the reverse strand. Many of these miRNAs are differentially expressed in several pathologic processes and various cancers. A better understanding of the pathophysiologic importance of the DLK1-DIO3 domain-containing microRNA cluster may contribute to innovative therapeutic strategies in a range of diseases. Here we present an in-depth review of this vital genomic region, and examine the role the microRNAs of this region may play in controlling tissue homeostasis and in the pathogenesis of some human diseases, mostly cancer, when aberrantly expressed. The potential clinical implications of this data are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonidas Benetatos
- Transfusion Unit, General Hospital of Preveza, Selefkias 2, 48100, Preveza, Greece.
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Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance (MGUS) in a Man with Fragile X-associated Tremor/Ataxia Syndrome. Case Rep Genet 2011; 2011:143132. [PMID: 23074671 PMCID: PMC3447231 DOI: 10.1155/2011/143132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 10/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
We report the clinical presentation and laboratory findings of a 69-year-old man with fragile X-associated tremor ataxia syndrome (FXTAS), a progressive neurodegenerative disorder, who was noted to have monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS), a plasma cell proliferative disorder and a precursor disease of multiple myeloma. Both MGUS and FXTAS are associated with microRNA (miRNA) dysregulation. We speculate that individuals with FXTAS may be predisposed to MGUS and further studies are warranted regarding this association.
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Todinova S, Krumova S, Gartcheva L, Robeerst C, Taneva SG. Microcalorimetry of blood serum proteome: a modified interaction network in the multiple myeloma case. Anal Chem 2011; 83:7992-8. [PMID: 21928840 DOI: 10.1021/ac202055m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Hereby we report on a novel approach in the study of multiple myeloma (MM), namely, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) combined with serum protein electrophoresis. Distinct thermodynamic signatures describe the DSC thermograms of MM blood sera, in contrast to the unique profile found for healthy individuals. The thermal behavior of MM sera reflects a complex interplay between the serum concentration and isotype of the M protein and of albumin, and modified ligand- and/or protein-protein interactions, resulting in stabilization of globulins and at least a fraction of albumin. In all MM cases the 85 °C, transferrin-assigned transition is missing. A distinct feature of IgG isotype (κ and λ) DSC profiles only is the presence of a transition at 82 °C. A DSC-based classification of MM depicts two sets of melting patterns (MMt2 and MMt3 with two or three successive thermal transitions), and subsets within each set (MMt2(i) or MMt3(i), the subscript i = 1, 2 or 3 denotes the main transition being one of the three transitions). The results demonstrate the potential of DSC to monitor MM-related modifications of the serum proteome, even at low M protein concentrations, Bence Jones and importantly nonsecretory multiple myeloma cases, and prove DSC as a versatile tool for oncohematology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetla Todinova
- Institute of Biophysics and Biomedical Engineering, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia 1113, Bulgaria
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