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Liu M, Chen X, Grofe A, Gao J. Diabatic States at Construction (DAC) through Generalized Singular Value Decomposition. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:6038-6046. [PMID: 30277783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A procedure, called generalized diabatic-at-construction (GDAC), is presented to transform adiabatic potential energy surfaces into a diabatic representation by generalized singular value decomposition. First, we use a set of localized, valence bond-like configuration state functions, called DAC, as the basis states. Then, the adiabatic ground and relevant excited states are determined using multistate density functional theory (MSDFT). GDAC differs in the opposite direction from traditional approaches based on adiabatic-to-diabatic transformation with certain property restraints. The method is illustrated with applications to a model first-order bond dissociation reaction of CH3OCH2Cl polarized by a solvent molecule, the ground- and first-excited-state potential energy surfaces near the minimum conical intersection for the ammonia dimer photodissociation, and the multiple avoided curve crossings in the dissociation of lithium hydride. The GDAC diabatization method may be useful for defining charge-localized states in studies of electron transfer and proton-coupled electron transfer reactions in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiyi Liu
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin Province 130023 , China
| | - Xin Chen
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin Province 130023 , China
| | - Adam Grofe
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin Province 130023 , China
| | - Jiali Gao
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun , Jilin Province 130023 , China
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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2
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Oostenrijk B, Walsh N, Laksman J, Månsson EP, Grunewald C, Sorensen SL, Gisselbrecht M. The role of charge and proton transfer in fragmentation of hydrogen-bonded nanosystems: the breakup of ammonia clusters upon single photon multi-ionization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:932-940. [PMID: 29230456 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06688k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The charge and proton dynamics in hydrogen-bonded networks are investigated using ammonia as a model system. The fragmentation dynamics of medium-sized clusters (1-2 nm) upon single photon multi-ionization is studied, by analyzing the momenta of small ionic fragments. The observed fragmentation pattern of the doubly- and triply-charged clusters reveals a spatial anisotropy of emission between fragments (back-to-back). Protonated fragments exhibit a distinct kinematic correlation, indicating a delay between ionization and fragmentation (fission). The different kinematics observed for channels containing protonated and unprotonated species provides possible insights into the prime mechanisms of charge and proton transfer, as well as proton hopping, in such a nanoscale system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bart Oostenrijk
- Division of Synchrotron Radiation Research, Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, 22100 Lund, Sweden.
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3
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Horke DA, Watts HM, Smith AD, Jager E, Springate E, Alexander O, Cacho C, Chapman RT, Minns RS. Hydrogen Bonds in Excited State Proton Transfer. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2016; 117:163002. [PMID: 27792360 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.163002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen bonding interactions between biological chromophores and their surrounding protein and solvent environment significantly affect the photochemical pathways of the chromophore and its biological function. A common first step in the dynamics of these systems is excited state proton transfer between the noncovalently bound molecules, which stabilizes the system against dissociation and principally alters relaxation pathways. Despite such fundamental importance, studying excited state proton transfer across a hydrogen bond has proven difficult, leaving uncertainties about the mechanism. Through time-resolved photoelectron imaging measurements, we demonstrate how the addition of a single hydrogen bond and the opening of an excited state proton transfer channel dramatically changes the outcome of a photochemical reaction, from rapid dissociation in the isolated chromophore to efficient stabilization and ground state recovery in the hydrogen bonded case, and uncover the mechanism of excited state proton transfer at a hydrogen bond, which follows sequential hydrogen and charge transfer processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Horke
- Center for Free-Electron Laser Science, DESY, Notkestrasse 85, 22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - H M Watts
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - A D Smith
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - E Jager
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
| | - E Springate
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - O Alexander
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - C Cacho
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R T Chapman
- Central Laser Facility, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - R S Minns
- Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom
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Maierhofer P, Bainschab M, Thaler B, Heim P, Ernst WE, Koch M. Disentangling Multichannel Photodissociation Dynamics in Acetone by Time-Resolved Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:6418-23. [PMID: 27459051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b07238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
For the investigation of photoinduced dynamics in molecules with time-resolved pump-probe photoionization spectroscopy, it is essential to obtain unequivocal information about the fragmentation behavior induced by the laser pulses. We present time-resolved photoelectron-photoion coincidence (PEPICO) experiments to investigate the excited-state dynamics of isolated acetone molecules triggered by two-photon (269 nm) excitation. In the complex situation of different relaxation pathways, we unambiguously identify three distinct pump-probe ionization channels. The high selectivity of PEPICO detection allows us to observe the fragmentation behavior and to follow the time evolution of each channel separately. For channels leading to fragment ions, we quantitatively obtain the fragment-to-parent branching ratio and are able to determine experimentally whether dissociation occurs in the neutral molecule or in the parent ion. These results highlight the importance of coincidence detection for the interpretation of time-resolved photochemical relaxation and dissociation studies if multiple pathways are present.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Maierhofer
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Bainschab
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Thaler
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Pascal Heim
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Wolfgang E Ernst
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Markus Koch
- Institute of Experimental Physics, Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz , Petersgasse 16, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Niu D, Li H, Liang F, Wen L, Luo X. Covariance analysis of the Coulomb explosion of ammonia induced by intense nanosecond laser at 532 nm. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/bf03322810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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6
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Yamada Y, Ishikawa H, Fuke K. Solvation Structure and Stability of [(CH 3) 2NH] m(NH 3) n–H Hypervalent Clusters: Ionization Potentials and Switching of Hydrogen-Atom Localized Site. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:8380-91. [DOI: 10.1021/jp204331q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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7
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Liu HT, Müller JP, Beutler M, Ghotbi M, Noack F, Radloff W, Zhavoronkov N, Schulz CP, Hertel IV. Ultrafast photo-excitation dynamics in isolated, neutral water clusters. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:094305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3556820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- H. T. Liu
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - J. P. Müller
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - M. Beutler
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - M. Ghotbi
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - F. Noack
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - W. Radloff
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - N. Zhavoronkov
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - C. P. Schulz
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
| | - I. V. Hertel
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-St. 2a, 12489 Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
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Takatsuka K, Yonehara T. Exploring dynamical electron theory beyond the Born-Oppenheimer framework: from chemical reactivity to non-adiabatically coupled electronic and nuclear wavepackets on-the-fly under laser field. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:4987-5016. [PMID: 21321712 DOI: 10.1039/c0cp00937g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemical theory and its application to dynamical electrons in molecules under intense electromagnetic fields is explored, in which we take an explicit account of nuclear nonadiabatic (kinematic) interactions along with simultaneous coupling with intense optical interactions. All the electronic wavefunctions studied here are necessarily time-dependent, and thereby beyond stationary state quantum chemistry based on the Born-Oppenheimer framework. As a general and tractable alternative framework with which to track the electronic and nuclear simultaneous dynamics, we propose an on-the-fly method to calculate the electron and nuclear wavepackets coupled along the branching non-Born-Oppenheimer paths, through which their bifurcations, strong quantum entanglement between nuclear electronic motions, and coherence and decoherence among the phases associated with them are properly represented. Some illustrative numerical examples are also reported, which are aimed at our final goals; real time tracking of nonadiabatic electronic states, chemical dynamics in densely degenerate electronic states coupled with nuclear motions and manipulation and/or creation of new electronic states in terms of intense lasers, and so on. Other examples are also presented as to how the electron wavepacket dynamics can be used to analyze chemical reactions, shedding a new light on some typical and conventional chemical reactions such as proton transfer followed by tautomerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Takatsuka
- Department of Basic Science, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Komaba, 153-8902, Tokyo, Japan.
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Yonehara T, Takatsuka K. Non-Born–Oppenheimer quantum chemistry on the fly with continuous path branching due to nonadiabatic and intense optical interactions. J Chem Phys 2010; 132:244102. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3439396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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10
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Yamada Y, Nishino Y, Fujihara A, Ishikawa H, Fuke K. Real-Time Observation of Formation and Relaxation Dynamics of NH4 in (CH3OH)m(NH3)n Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2734-44. [DOI: 10.1021/jp810266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Yamada
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Yoko Nishino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akimasa Fujihara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Haruki Ishikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Fuke
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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11
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Ritze HH, Lippert H, Stert V, Radloff W, Hertel IV. Theoretical study of the hydrogen atom transfer in the heterodimer indole-ammonia and comparison with experimental results. J Chem Phys 2006; 120:3619-29. [PMID: 15268523 DOI: 10.1063/1.1642598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Ab initio calculations on the heterodimer C8H6NH...NH3 are carried out for its ground, the excited pisigma*, and the ground cationic electronic states, enabling the description of hydrogen or proton transfer, respectively. Two-dimensional quantum-dynamical computations on the pisigma* potential surface help one to understand the mechanism and the time scale of the hydrogen transfer. Subsequent decay processes are discussed depending on the vibrational excitation of the ammonium constituent. Finally, the theoretical results obtained are used for the interpretation of the time-dependent signals observed in femtosecond pump-probe experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-H Ritze
- Max Born Institute, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, D-12489, Berlin-Adlershof, Germany
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12
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Abe M, Ohtsuki Y, Fujimura Y, Lan Z, Domcke W. Geometric phase effects in the coherent control of the branching ratio of photodissociation products of phenol. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:224316. [PMID: 16784283 DOI: 10.1063/1.2203611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Optimal control simulation is used to examine the control mechanisms in the photodissociation of phenol within a two-dimensional, three-electronic-state model with two conical intersections. This model has two channels for H-atom elimination, which correspond to the (2)pi and (2)sigma states of the phenoxyl radical. The optimal pulse that enhances (2)sigma dissociation initially generates a wave packet on the S(1) potential-energy surface of phenol. This wave packet is bifurcated at the S(2)-S(1) conical intersection into two components with opposite phases because of the geometric phase effect. The destructive interference caused by the geometric phase effect reduces the population around the S(1)-S(0) conical intersection, which in turn suppresses nonadiabatic transitions and thus enhances dissociation to the (2)sigma limit. The optimal pulse that enhances S(0) dissociation, on the other hand, creates a wave packet on the S(2) potential-energy surface of phenol via an intensity borrowing mechanism, thus avoiding geometric phase effects at the S(2)-S(1) conical intersection. This wave packet hits the S(1)-S(0) conical intersection directly, resulting in preferred dissociation to the (2)pi limit. The optimal pulse that initially prepares the wave packet on the S(1) potential-energy surface (PES) has a higher carrier frequency than the pulse that prepares the wave packet on the S(2) PES. This counterintuitive effect is explained by the energy-level structure and the S(2)-S(1) vibronic coupling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayumi Abe
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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13
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Arasaki Y, Yamazaki K, Varella MTDN, Takatsuka K. Real-time observation of ground state proton transfer: a model study. Chem Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.10.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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14
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Niu D, Li H, Liang F, Wen L, Luo X, Wang B, Qu H. Coulomb explosion of ammonia clusters induced by intense nanosecond laser at 532 and 1064nm: Wavelength dependence of the multicharged nitrogen ions. J Chem Phys 2005; 122:151103. [PMID: 15945617 DOI: 10.1063/1.1894786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The Coulomb explosion of ammonia clusters induced by nanosecond laser field with intensity in the range of 10(10)-10(12) W cm(-2) and wavelength of 532 and 1064 nm has been studied. N2+ and N3+ ions are the main multicharged ions at 532 nm, while He-like N5+ ion is the domain multicharged ion at 1064 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Niu
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Dalian 116023 and Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics, Hefei 230031, Chinese Academy of Sciences, People's Republic of China
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15
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Samoylova E, Lippert H, Ullrich S, Hertel IV, Radloff W, Schultz T. Dynamics of photoinduced processes in adenine and thymine base pairs. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:1782-6. [PMID: 15701013 DOI: 10.1021/ja044369q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of adenine and thymine dimers and the adenine-thymine base pair were investigated by femtosecond pump-probe ionization spectroscopy with excitation wavelengths of 250-272 nm. The base pairs showed a characteristic ultrafast decay of the initially excited pi pi* state to an n pi* state (lifetime tau(pi pi*) approximately 100 fs) followed by a slower decay of the latter with tau(n pi*) approximately 0.9 ps for (adenine)2, tau(n pi*) = 6-9 ps for (thymine)2, and tau(n pi*) approximately 2.4 ps for the adenine-thymine base pair. In the adenine dimer, a competing decay of the pi pi* state via the pi sigma* state greatly suppressed the n pi* state signals. Similarities of the excited-state decay parameters in the isolated bases and the base pairs suggest an intramonomer relaxation mechanism in the base pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Samoylova
- Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2a, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
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16
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Altmann J, Govender M, Ford * T. Ab initioand DFT calculations of some weakly bound dimers and complexes. I. The dimers of ammonia and phosphine. Mol Phys 2005. [DOI: 10.1080/00268470412331333555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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17
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David O, Dedonder-Lardeux C, Jouvet C, Kang H, Martrenchard S, Ebata T, Sobolewski AL. Hydrogen transfer in excited pyrrole–ammonia clusters. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:10101-10. [PMID: 15268032 DOI: 10.1063/1.1704639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited state hydrogen atom transfer reaction (ESHT) has been studied in pyrrole-ammonia clusters [PyH-(NH(3))(n)+hnu-->Py.+.NH(4)(NH(3))(n-1)]. The reaction is clearly evidenced through two-color R2P1 experiments using delayed ionization and presents a threshold around 235 nm (5.3 eV). The cluster dynamics has also been explored by picosecond time scale experiments. The clusters decay in the 10-30 ps range with lifetimes increasing with the cluster size. The appearance times for the reaction products are similar to the decay times of the parent clusters. Evaporation processes are also observed in competition with the reaction, and the cluster lifetime after evaporation is estimated to be around 10 ns. The kinetic energy of the reaction products is fairly large and the energy distribution seems quasi mono kinetic. These experimental results rule out the hypothesis that the reaction proceeds through a direct N-H bond rupture but rather imply the existence of a fairly long-lived intermediate state. Calculations performed at the CASSCF/CASMP2 level confirm the experimental observations, and provide some hints regarding the reaction mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- O David
- Laboratoire de Photophysique Moléculaire du CNRS, Bât. 210 Université Paris-Sud, 91405 Orsay, France
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Stolow
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, 100 Sussex Drive, Ottawa, Ontario, K1A 0R6 Canada.
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19
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Shi T, Ge J, Zhang Y, Zhu Q. Hydrogen bonds in 1,4-dioxane/ammonia binary clusters. J Chem Phys 2004; 120:8453-62. [PMID: 15267770 DOI: 10.1063/1.1689291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With synchrotron radiation, we have studied the photoionization and dissociation of 1,4-dioxane/ammonia clusters in a supersonic expansion. The observed major product ions are the 1,4-dioxane cation M(+) and protonated cluster ions M(NH(3))(n)H(+) (where M=1,4-dioxane), and the intensities of the unprotonated cluster ions M(NH(3))(n) (+) are much lower. Fully optimized geometries and energies of the neutral cluster M(NH(3))(2) and related cluster ions have been obtained using the ab initio molecular orbital method and density functional theory. The potential energy surface of the excited state of M(NH(3))(2) (+) was also calculated. With these results, the mechanisms of different photoionization-dissociation channels have been suggested. The most probable channel is electron ejection from the highest occupied molecular orbital, followed by the dissociation into M(+) and (NH(3))(2). For another main channel, after removing an electron from the second highest occupied molecular orbital, the intracluster proton transfer process takes place to form the stable unprotonated cluster ion M(NH(3))H(+)-NH(2), which usually leads to the dissociated protonated cluster ion M(NH(3))H(+) and a radical NH(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tujin Shi
- The State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Center for Molecular Science, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- T E Dermota
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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21
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Okai N, Takahata A, Morita M, Nonose S, Fuke K. Ultrafast Relaxation Process of Excited-State NH4 Radical in Ammonia Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/jp030784d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Okai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takahata
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morita
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shinji Nonose
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kiyokazu Fuke
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kobe University, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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22
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Heitz MC, Durand G, Spiegelman F, Meier C. Time-resolved photoelectron spectra as probe of excited state dynamics: A full quantum study of the Na2F cluster. J Chem Phys 2003. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1524625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
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25
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Seideman T. Time-resolved photoelectron angular distributions: concepts, applications, and directions. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2002; 53:41-65. [PMID: 11972002 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.53.082101.130051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 145] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The use of photoelectron angular distributions (PADs) as a probe in short-pulse, pump-probe scenarios is reviewed. We focus on concepts, on the insight that can be gained through theoretical analysis, on applications, and on future opportunities. Time-resolved PADs are sensitive to both the time-evolving rotational composition of wavepackets and their time-evolving electronic symmetry. The former feature renders this observable a potential probe of molecular structure, intensity effects, and rotational perturbations. The latter feature renders the PAD a potential probe of radiationless transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamar Seideman
- Steacie Institute for Molecular Sciences, National Research Council of Canada, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0R6, Canada.
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Farmanara P, Ritze HH, Stert V, Radloff W, Hertel IV. Ultrafast photodissociation dynamics and energetics of the electronically excited H atom transfer state of the ammonia dimer and trimer. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1429952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Farmanara P, Stert V, Ritze HH, Radloff W, Hertel IV. Control of the fragmentation of excited ammonia clusters by femtosecond infrared laser pulses. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1377889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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29
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Erdmann M, Rubner O, Shen Z, Engel V. Time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy of Fe(CO)5 multiple fragmentation: theoretical considerations. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)00482-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Shen Z, Boustani I, Erdmann M, Engel V. Characterization of nuclear wave packets prepared by chirped femtosecond pulses using time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)00362-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Stert V, Farmanara P, Ritze HH, Radloff W, Gasmi K, Gonzalez-Ureña A. Femtosecond time-resolved electron spectroscopy of the intracluster reaction in Ba⋯FCH. Chem Phys Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(01)00218-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Dessent CE, Müller-Dethlefs K. Hydrogen-Bonding and van der Waals Complexes Studied by ZEKE and REMPI Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2000; 100:3999-4022. [PMID: 11749337 DOI: 10.1021/cr990060r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C E Dessent
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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Zhong Q, Castleman AW. An ultrafast glimpse of cluster solvation effects on reaction dynamics. Chem Rev 2000; 100:4039-58. [PMID: 11749339 DOI: 10.1021/cr990056f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Q Zhong
- Departments of Chemistry and Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
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Campbell EE, Levine RD. Delayed ionization and fragmentation en route to thermionic emission: statistics and dynamics. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2000; 51:65-98. [PMID: 11031276 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.physchem.51.1.65] [Citation(s) in RCA: 132] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thermionic emission is discussed as a long time (microseconds) decay mode of energy-rich large molecules, metallic and metcar clusters, and fullerenes. We review what is known and consider the many experiments, systems, and theoretical and computational studies that still need to be done. We conclude with a wish list for future work. Particular attention is given to the experimental signatures, such as the dependence on the mode of energy acquisition, and theoretical indications of a not-quite-statistical delayed ionization and to the competition of electron emission with other decay modes, such as fragmentation or radiative cooling. Coupling of the electronic and nuclear modes can be a bottleneck and quite long time-delayed ionization can be observed, as in the decay of high Rydberg states probed by ZEKE spectroscopy, before the onset of complete energy partitioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- E E Campbell
- School of Physics and Engineering Physics, Göteborg University, Göteborg, SE-41296 Sweden.
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Ermoshin VA, Engel V, Meier C. Oscillatory pump–probe signals from delocalized wave packets. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1290699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
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Zewail A. Femtochemie: Studium der Dynamik der chemischen Bindung auf atomarer Skala mit Hilfe ultrakurzer Laserpulse (Nobel-Aufsatz). Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2000. [DOI: 10.1002/1521-3757(20000804)112:15<2688::aid-ange2688>3.0.co;2-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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