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Polok K, Gadomski W, Ratajska-Gadomska B. Femtosecond optical Kerr effect setup with signal "live view" for measurements in the solid, liquid, and gas phases. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:103109. [PMID: 26520942 DOI: 10.1063/1.4932531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the experimental setup constructed in our laboratory for measurement of the femtosecond optical Kerr effect. The setup allows measurements with high temporal resolution and acquisition speed. The high signal to noise ratio is obtained with use of a homemade balanced detector. Due to the high acquisition speed and good signal to noise ratio, it is possible to have a "live view" of the signal and to easily tune the sample position and orientation before the measurement. We show the example results obtained in the solid, liquid, and the gas phases and we use them in order to check on the precision of our setup. As the samples we have used a YAG crystal, liquid acetone, and atmospheric air. In the latter two cases, a good agreement with the literature data has been found. The measurements in the gas phase confirm that our setup, although utilizing low energy pulses from the sapphire oscillator, is able to acquire high quality rotational signal in a low density sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Polok
- Laboratory of Physicochemistry of Dielectrics and Magnetics, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 01-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - W Gadomski
- Laboratory of Physicochemistry of Dielectrics and Magnetics, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 01-089 Warsaw, Poland
| | - B Ratajska-Gadomska
- Laboratory of Physicochemistry of Dielectrics and Magnetics, Department of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, ul. Żwirki i Wigury 101, 01-089 Warsaw, Poland
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Turton DA, Wynne K. Stokes-Einstein-Debye failure in molecular orientational diffusion: exception or rule? J Phys Chem B 2014; 118:4600-4. [PMID: 24702302 DOI: 10.1021/jp5012457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The Stokes-Einstein-Debye (SED) expression is used routinely to relate orientational molecular diffusivity quantitatively to viscosity. However, it is well-known that Einstein's equations are derived from hydrodynamic theory for the diffusion of a Brownian particle in a homogeneous fluid and examples of SED breakdown and failure for molecular diffusion are not unusual. Here, using optical Kerr-effect spectroscopy to measure orientational diffusion for solutions of guanidine hydrochloride in water and mixtures of carbon disulfide with hexadecane, we show that these two contrasting systems each show pronounced exception to the SED relation and ask if it is reasonable to expect molecular diffusion to be a simple function of viscosity.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Turton
- University of Glasgow , School of Chemistry, WestCHEM, Glasgow G12 8QQ, U.K
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Kraiski AV, Mel’nik NN. Low-frequency Raman spectra in water and in weak aqueous solutions. Spatial inhomogeneity in hydrogen peroxide solution. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350912060073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Luchita G, Bondar MV, Yao S, Mikhailov IA, Yanez CO, Przhonska OV, Masunov AE, Belfield KD. Efficient photochromic transformation of a new fluorenyl diarylethene: one- and two-photon absorption spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2011; 3:3559-3567. [PMID: 21830820 DOI: 10.1021/am200783c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient reversible phototransformation of a new diarylethene-fluorene derivative, 1,2-bis(5-(9,9-didecyl-7-nitro-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-2-methylthiophen-3-yl)cyclopent-1-ene (1), was demonstrated in organic media under low-intensity laser excitation. Linear photophysical characterization of 1 was performed at room temperature in solvents of different polarity and viscosity. Significantly, close to unity quantum yield for the cyclization reaction of 1 was shown in nonpolar solutions. The lifetimes of the excited states of the open (OF) and closed (CF) forms of 1 were measured by a femtosecond transient absorption technique, and corresponding values of ∼0.7 and ∼0.9 ps were shown in dichloromethane (DCM), respectively. Degenerate two-photon absorption (2PA) spectra of the OF and CF of 1 were obtained over a broad spectral range by the open aperture Z-scan method under 1 kHz femtosecond excitation. The values of 2PA cross sections of the OF in DCM (∼50-70 GM) were found to increase up to 1 order of magnitude (∼600 GM) after cyclization to the CF. The nature of cyclization and cylcoreversion processes were investigated by quantum chemistry with employment of DFT-based methods implemented in the Gaussian'09 program. The potential of 1 for application in optical data storage was shown using poly(methyl methacrylate)-doped films and two-photon fluorescence microscopy readout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gheorghe Luchita
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, P.O. Box 162366, Orlando, Florida 32816, United States
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Smith NA, Meech SR. Optically-heterodyne-detected optical Kerr effect (OHD-OKE): Applications in condensed phase dynamics. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/01442350110092701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Shirota H, Fujisawa T, Fukazawa H, Nishikawa K. Ultrafast Dynamics in Aprotic Molecular Liquids: A Femtosecond Raman-Induced Kerr Effect Spectroscopic Study. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2009. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.82.1347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Benjamin I. Solute rotational dynamics at the water liquid/vapor interface. J Chem Phys 2007; 127:204712. [DOI: 10.1063/1.2803895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Meech SR. Ultrafast dynamics in complex fluids observed through the ultrafast optically-heterodyne-detected optical-Kerr-effect (OHD-OKE). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2007; 9:2167-80. [PMID: 17487314 DOI: 10.1039/b616078f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ultrafast molecular dynamics of complex fluids have been recorded using the optically-heterodyne-detected optical-Kerr-effect (OHD-OKE). The OHD-OKE method is reviewed and some recent refinements to the method are described. Applications to a range of complex fluids, including microemulsions, polymer melts and solutions, liquid crystal and ionic liquids are surveyed. The level of detail attainable with the OHD-OKE method in these complex fluids is discussed. The prospects for future experiments are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil T Hunt
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK NR4 7TJ
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Heisler IA, Correia RRB, Cunha SLS. Molecular dynamics investigation with the time resolved optical Kerr effect on the CS2–C6H6 mixtures. J Chem Phys 2006; 125:184503. [PMID: 17115761 DOI: 10.1063/1.2371110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
An investigation of the molecular dynamics in pure liquids and in mixtures through the technique of time resolved optical Kerr effect is performed. The samples studied were the mixtures of carbon disulfide (CS(2)) with benzene (C(6)H(6)). The molecular dynamics of the pure liquids is briefly discussed while the main results are obtained for the mixtures. A slow dynamics component is observed for the optical heterodyne detected optical Kerr effect transient decaying exponentially with time constants on picosecond time scale. The fast subpicosend time relaxations are analyzed in terms of the nondiffusive component of the spectral response that is associated with the molecular dynamics. The modifications of the spectrum are quantified, and the explanation of the observed changes is given in terms of the structural interaction configurations that produced changes in the intermolecular potential within which the molecules execute librational motions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ismael A Heisler
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul-UFRGS, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9500, Caixa Postal 15051, CEP 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Jaye AA, Hunt NT, Meech SR. Temperature- and solvation-dependent dynamics of liquid sulfur dioxide studied through the ultrafast optical Kerr effect. J Chem Phys 2006; 124:024506. [PMID: 16422610 DOI: 10.1063/1.2145760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The ultrafast dynamics of liquid sulphur dioxide have been studied over a wide temperature range and in solution. The optically heterodyne-detected and spatially masked optical Kerr effect (OKE) has been used to record the anisotropic and isotropic third-order responses, respectively. Analysis of the anisotropic response reveals two components, an ultrafast nonexponential relaxation and a slower exponential relaxation. The slower component is well described by the Stokes-Einstein-Debye equation for diffusive orientational relaxation. The simple form of the temperature dependence and the agreement between collective (OKE) and single molecule (e.g., NMR) measurements of the orientational relaxation time suggests that orientational pair correlation is not significant in this liquid. The relative contributions of intermolecular interaction-induced and single-molecule orientational dynamics to the ultrafast part of the spectral density are discussed. Single-molecule librational-orientational dynamics appear to dominate the ultrafast OKE response of liquid SO2. The temperature-dependent OKE data are transformed to the frequency domain to yield the Raman spectral density for the low-frequency intermolecular modes. These are bimodal with the lowest-frequency component arising from diffusive orientational relaxation and a higher-frequency component connected with the ultrafast time-domain response. This component is characterized by a shift to higher frequency at lower temperature. This result is analyzed in terms of a harmonic librational oscillator model, which describes the data accurately. The observed spectral shifts with temperature are ascribed to increasing intermolecular interactions with increasing liquid density. Overall, the dynamics of liquid SO2 are found to be well described in terms of molecular orientational relaxation which is controlled over every relevant time range by intermolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew A Jaye
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, United Kingdom
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Idrissi A. Molecular structure and dynamics of liquids: aqueous urea solutions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2005; 61:1-17. [PMID: 15556415 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2004.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2003] [Accepted: 02/23/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this review a multi-technical approach to the analysis of the structure and dynamics of the urea/water system is described. The reorientational movement of the solute molecule is investigated by the analysis of spectral band-shapes, as well as with the use of the optical Kerr effect (OKE) and molecular dynamics simulation (MDS). The effect of solute concentration on the structure and dynamics of the aqueous solutions (aggregation, orientational distribution, solvation...) is studied by molecular dynamics simulation and neutron scattering. The results obtained by other techniques are included to provide a critical analysis. Finally, the low-frequency Raman spectra of the system are interpreted on the basis of the semi-quantitative information obtained by molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Idrissi
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman (LASIR UPR A2632L), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France.
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Meech SR. Polarisation-resolved ultrafast Raman responses of carbon disulfide in solution and microemulsion environments. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00269-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Hunt NT, Jaye AA, Meech SR. Ultrafast Dynamics in Microemulsions: Optical Kerr Effect Study of the Dispersed Oil Phase in a Carbon Disulfide−Dodecyltrimethylammonium Bromide−Water Microemulsion. J Phys Chem B 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/jp022301w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil T. Hunt
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Andrew A. Jaye
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Stephen R. Meech
- School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
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Boeijenga NH, Pugzlys A, Jansen TLC, Snijders JG, Duppen K. Liquid xenon as an ideal probe for many-body effects in impulsive Raman scattering. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1483862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Watanabe J, Ohtsuka E, Kinoshita S. Non-Markovian nature of relaxational mode in liquids studied by femtosecond OKE spectroscopy. Chem Phys Lett 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(02)00980-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jansen TLC, Pugzlys A, Crı̂nguş GD, Snijders JG, Duppen K. Many-body effects in the stimulated Raman response of binary mixtures: A comparison between theory and experiment. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1475763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Ratajska-Gadomska B. Temperature evolution of the low-frequency optical Kerr effect spectra of liquid benzene in quasicrystalline approach. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1449867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Slepkov AD, Hegmann FA, Zhao Y, Tykwinski RR, Kamada K. Ultrafast optical Kerr effect measurements of third-order nonlinearities in cross-conjugatediso-polydiacetylene oligomers. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1447908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jansen TLC, Swart M, Jensen L, van Duijnen PT, Snijders JG, Duppen K. Collision effects in the nonlinear Raman response of liquid carbon disulfide. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1436463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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Idrissi A, Longelin S, Sokolić F. Study of Aqueous Acetone Solution at Various Concentrations: Low-Frequency Raman and Molecular Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp004217r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Idrissi
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman (UMR CNRS 8516), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - S. Longelin
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman (UMR CNRS 8516), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - F. Sokolić
- Laboratoire de Spectrochimie Infrarouge et Raman (UMR CNRS 8516), Centre d'Etudes et de Recherches Lasers et Applications, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille, 59655 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Idrissi A, Bartolini P, Ricci M, Righini R. Time resolved optical Kerr effect analysis of urea–water system. J Chem Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1355019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Jang J, Stratt RM. The short-time dynamics of molecular reorientation in liquids. II. The microscopic mechanism of rotational friction. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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Jang J, Stratt RM. The short-time dynamics of molecular reorientation in liquids. I. The instantaneous generalized Langevin equation. J Chem Phys 2000. [DOI: 10.1063/1.481350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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