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Niu X, Li N, Cui Z, Li L, Pei F, Lan Y, Song Q, Du Y, Dou J, Bao Z, Wang L, Liu H, Li K, Zhang X, Huang Z, Wang L, Zhou W, Yuan G, Chen Y, Zhou H, Zhu C, Liu G, Bai Y, Chen Q. Anion Confinement for Homogeneous Mixed Halide Perovskite Film Growth by Electrospray. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2305822. [PMID: 37565713 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023]
Abstract
Wide-bandgap perovskites are promising absorbers for state-of-the-art tandem solar cells to feasibly surpass Shockley-Queisser limit with low cost. However, the commonly used mixed halide perovskites suffer from poor stability; particularly, photoinduced phase segregation. Electrospray deposition is developed to bridge the gap of growth rate between iodide and bromide components during film growth by spatially confining the anion diffusion and eliminating the kinetic difference, which universally improves the initial homogeneity of perovskite films regardless of device architectures. It thus promotes the efficiency and stability of corresponding solar cells based on wide-bandgap (1.68 eV) absorbers. Remarkable power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 21.44% and 20.77% are achieved in 0.08 cm2 and 1.0 cm2 devices, respectively. In addition, these devices maintain 90% of their initial PCE after 1550 h of stabilized power output (SPO) tracking upon one sun irradiation (LED) at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Niu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Nengxu Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Cui
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Fengtao Pei
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yisha Lan
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qizhen Song
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yujiang Du
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Jing Dou
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoboxun Bao
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Lina Wang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huifen Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Kailin Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Zhang
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Zijian Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Lan Wang
- School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Wentao Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Guizhou Yuan
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Guilin Liu
- School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214122, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- Experimental Centre for Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, P. R. China
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Fu H, Gray KA. Effect of molecular structure on the adsorption behavior of sulfanilamide antibiotics on crumpled graphene balls. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 242:120177. [PMID: 37348418 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Since the 1930s, sulfonamide(SA)-based antibiotics have served as important pharmaceuticals, but their widespread detection in water systems threatens aquatic organisms and human health. Adsorption via graphene, its modified form (graphene oxide, GO), and related nanocomposites is a promising method to remove SAs, owing to the strong and selective surface affinity of graphene/GO with aromatic compounds. However, a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of interaction between the chemical structure of SAs and the GO surface is required to predict the performance of GO-based nanostructured materials to adsorb the individual chemicals making up this large class of pharmaceuticals. In this research, we studied the adsorptive performance of 3D crumpled graphene balls (CGBs) to remove 10 SAs and 13 structural analogs from water. The maximum adsorption capacity qm of SAs on CGB increased with the number of (1) aromatic rings; (2) electron-donating functional groups; (3) hydrogen bonding acceptor sites. Furthermore, the CGB surface displayed a preference for homocyclic relative to heterocyclic aromatic structures. A leading mechanism, π-π electron-donor-acceptor interaction, combined with hydrogen bonding, explains these trends. We developed a multiple linear regression model capable of predicting the qm as a function of SA chemical structure and properties and the oxidation level of CGB. The model predicted the adsorptive behaviors of SAs well with the exception of a chlorinated/fluorinated SA. The insights afforded by these experiments and modeling will aid in tailoring graphene-based adsorbents to remove micropollutants from water and reduce the growing public health threats associated with antibiotic resistance and endocrine-disrupting chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Fu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
| | - Kimberly A Gray
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.
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Huang M, Hu T, Han G, Li C, Zhu L, Zhou J, Xie Z, Sun Y, Yi Y. Toward Quantifying the Relation between Exciton Binding Energies and Molecular Packing. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11065-11070. [PMID: 36416780 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Reducing the exciton binding energy Eb of organic photoactive materials is critical to minimize the energy loss and improve the photovoltaic efficiency of organic solar cells. However, the relation between the Eb and molecular packing is not well understood. Herein, the Eb in the crystals of a series of A-D-A type nonfullerene acceptors with different lengths of alkyl side chains has been examined by self-consistent quantum mechanics/embedded charge calculations. The variation of molecular packing induced by the different alkyl chains can have an important impact on the polarization effect of charge carriers and thereby the Eb. More interestingly, the Eb values are found to be linearly increased with the ratio of the void fraction vs the packing coefficient of molecular backbones in the solid crystals. Owing to the smallest ratio, a remarkable low Eb of several tens of meV is achieved for the acceptor with an optimal length of alkyl chains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miaofei Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Taiping Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Guangchao Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chao Li
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Zengqi Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology, 510640 Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanming Sun
- School of Chemistry, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Zhu L, Yang C, Yi Y, Wei Z. Effective Modulation of Exciton Binding Energies in Polymorphs of a Small-Molecule Acceptor for Organic Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10227-10232. [PMID: 33206531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The operation mechanisms and energy losses for organic solar cells are essentially determined by the exciton binding energies (Eb) of organic active materials. Because the factor of chemical modifications is precluded, polymorphisms featuring different packing motifs of the same molecular structures provide an ideal platform for revealing the influence of solid-state packing. Herein, we have calculated the Eb values in three different cystal phases of a representative acceptor-donor-acceptor molecular acceptor (IDIC) by the self-consistent quantum mechanics/embedded charge approach. The results show that the differences of mere molecular packing modes can result in a substantial change in Eb of ≤50%, in the range of 0.21-0.34 eV among the three IDIC crystal phases. Moreover, a higher backbone packing dimensionality is found to be beneficial for obtaining a smaller Eb. This indicates that polymorph engineering is an effective way to reduce Eb toward low-energy-loss organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Chen Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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6
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Zhu L, Tu Z, Yi Y, Wei Z. Achieving Small Exciton Binding Energies in Small Molecule Acceptors for Organic Solar Cells: Effect of Molecular Packing. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:4888-4894. [PMID: 31402673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Because of strong exciton binding energy (Eb), an exciton dissociation process and extra energy losses are present in organic solar cells relative to inorganic and perovskite solar cells. Here, we calculated the Eb of a series of small molecule acceptors in solid crystals by a self-consistent quantum mechanics/embedded charge approach. The results show that the Eb values are substantially reduced from the gas phase to solid state because of electronic polarization (mainly from the induction effect of charges). Moreover, in contrast to little changes in the gas phase, the Eb in the solid state can vary significantly, indicating an important molecular packing effect. Remarkably, an extremely weak Eb of 0.04 eV is achieved in a three-dimensional packing crystal, which is comparable to the Eb of organo-lead trihalide perovskites. This work underlines the importance of three-dimensional molecular packing for achieving small Eb and will be helpful in reducing energy losses in organic solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyun Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zeyi Tu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yuanping Yi
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zhixiang Wei
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
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Charlton RJ, Fogarty RM, Bogatko S, Zuehlsdorff TJ, Hine NDM, Heeney M, Horsfield AP, Haynes PD. Implicit and explicit host effects on excitons in pentacene derivatives. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:104108. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5017285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- R. J. Charlton
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - R. M. Fogarty
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - S. Bogatko
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - T. J. Zuehlsdorff
- School of Natural Sciences, University of California Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, Merced, California 95343, USA
| | - N. D. M. Hine
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - M. Heeney
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - A. P. Horsfield
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - P. D. Haynes
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Exhibition Road, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
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