1
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Zhang D, Gong H, Liu T, Yu J, Kuang P. Engineering antibonding orbital occupancy of NiMoO 4-supported Ru nanoparticles for enhanced chlorine evolution reaction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 672:423-430. [PMID: 38850867 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
Chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is crucial for industrial-scale production of high-purity Cl2. Despite the development of classical dimensionally stable anodes to enhance CER efficiency, the competitive oxygen evolution reaction (OER) remains a barrier to achieving high Cl2 selectivity. Herein, a binder-free electrode, Ru nanoparticles (NPs)-decorated NiMoO4 nanorod arrays (NRAs) supported on Ti foam (Ru-NiMoO4/Ti), was designed for active CER in saturated NaCl solution (pH = 2). The Ru-NiMoO4/Ti electrode exhibits a low overpotential of 20 mV at 10 mA cm-2 current density, a high Cl2 selectivity exceeding 90%, and robust durability for 90h operation. The marked difference in Tafel slopes between CER and OER indicates the high Cl2 selectivity and superior reaction kinetics of Ru-NiMoO4/Ti electrode. Further studies reveal a strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) between Ru and NiMoO4, facilitating electron transfer through the Ru-O bridge bond and increasing the Ru 3d-Cl 2p antibonding orbital occupancy, which eventually results in weakened Ru-Cl bonding, promoted Cl desorption, and enhanced Cl2 evolution. Our findings provide new insights into developing electrodes with enhanced CER performance through antibonding orbital occupancy engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianzhi Zhang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Haiming Gong
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Tao Liu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Jiaguo Yu
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China
| | - Panyong Kuang
- Laboratory of Solar Fuel, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, 68 Jincheng Street, Wuhan 430078, China.
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2
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Wang H, Wang S, Song Y, Zhao Y, Li Z, Shen Y, Peng Z, Gao D, Wang G, Bao X. Boosting Electrocatalytic Ethylene Epoxidation by Single Atom Modulation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202402950. [PMID: 38512110 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202402950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
The electrochemical synthesis of ethylene oxide (EO) using ethylene and water under ambient conditions presents a low-carbon alternative to existing industrial production process. Yet, the electrocatalytic ethylene epoxidation route is currently hindered by largely insufficient activity, EO selectivity, and long-term stability. Here we report a single atom Ru-doped hollandite structure KIr4O8 (KIrRuO) nanowire catalyst for efficient EO production via a chloride-mediated ethylene epoxidation process. The KIrRuO catalyst exhibits an EO partial current density up to 0.7 A cm-2 and an EO yield as high as 92.0 %. The impressive electrocatalytic performance towards ethylene epoxidation is ascribed to the modulation of electronic structures of adjacent Ir sites by single Ru atoms, which stabilizes the *CH2CH2OH intermediate and facilitates the formation of active Cl2 species during the generation of 2-chloroethanol, the precursor of EO. This work provides a single atom modulation strategy for improving the reactivity of adjacent metal sites in heterogeneous electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yanpeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuxiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhangquan Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Dunfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Guoxiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Xinhe Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
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3
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Xu Y, Wang M, Sajid M, Meng Y, Xie Z, Sun L, Jin J, Chen W, Zhang S. Organocatalytic Lithium Chloride Oxidation by Covalent Organic Frameworks for Rechargeable Lithium-Chlorine Batteries. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202315931. [PMID: 38050465 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202315931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable Li-Cl2 battery is a promising high energy density battery system. However, reasonable cycle life could only be achieved under low specific capacities due to the sluggish oxidation of LiCl to Cl2 . Herein, we propose an amine-functionalized covalent organic framework (COF) with catalytic activity, namely COF-NH2 , that significantly decreases the oxidation barrier of LiCl and accelerates the oxidation kinetics of LiCl in Li-Cl2 cell. The resulting Li-Cl2 cell using COF-NH2 (Li-Cl2 @COF-NH2 ) simultaneously exhibits low overpotential, ultrahigh discharge capacity up to 3500 mAh/g and a promoted utilization ratio of deposited LiCl at the first cycle (UR-LiCl) of 81.4 %, which is one of the highest reported values to date. Furthermore, the Li-Cl2 @COF-NH2 cell could be stably cycled for over 200 cycles when operating at a capacity of 2000 mAh/g at -20 °C with a Coulombic efficiency (CE) of ≈100 % and a discharge plateau of 3.5 V. Our superior Li-Cl2 batteries enabled by organocatalyst enlighten an arena towards high-energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xu
- College of Energy, Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, Light Industry Institute of Electrochemical Power Sources, Key Laboratory of Advanced Carbon Materials and Wearable Energy Technologies of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Mingming Wang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Muhammad Sajid
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Yahan Meng
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zehui Xie
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Lidong Sun
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Jian Jin
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shenxiang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Negative Carbon Technologies, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
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4
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Yan Z, Kuang W, Lei Y, Zheng W, Fu H, Li H, Lei Z, Yang X, Zhu S, Feng C. Boosting Ammonium Oxidation in Wastewater by the BiOCl-Functionalized Anode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:20915-20928. [PMID: 38016695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c06326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Mixed metal oxide (MMO) anodes are commonly used for electrochlorination of ammonium (NH4+) in wastewater treatment, but they suffer from low efficiency due to inadequate chlorine generation at low Cl- concentrations and sluggish reaction kinetics between free chlorine and NH4+ under acidic pH conditions. To address this challenge, we develop a straightforward wet chemistry approach to synthesize BiOCl-functionalized MMO electrodes using the MMO as an efficient Ohmic contact for electron transfer. Our study demonstrates that the BiOCl@MMO anode outperforms the pristine MMO anode, exhibiting higher free chlorine generation (24.6-60.0 mg Cl2 L-1), increased Faradaic efficiency (75.5 vs 31.0%), and improved rate constant of NH4+ oxidation (2.41 vs 0.76 mg L-1 min-1) at 50 mM Cl- concentration. Characterization techniques including electron paramagnetic resonance and in situ transient absorption spectra confirm the production of chlorine radicals (Cl• and Cl2•-) by the BiOCl/MMO anode. Laser flash photolysis reveals significantly higher apparent second-order rate constants ((4.3-4.9) × 106 M-1 s-1 at pH 2.0-4.0) for the reaction between NH4+ and Cl•, compared to the undetectable reaction between NH4+ and Cl2•-, as well as the slower reaction between NH4+ and free chlorine (102 M-1 s-1 at pH < 4.0) within the same pH range, emphasizing the significance of Cl• in enhancing NH4+ oxidation. Mechanistic studies provide compelling evidence of the capacity of BiOCl for Cl- adsorption, facilitating chlorine evolution and Cl• generation. Importantly, the BiOCl@MMO anode exhibits excellent long-term stability and high catalytic activity for NH4+-N removal in a real landfill leachate. These findings offer valuable insights into the rational design of electrodes to improve electrocatalytic NH4+ abatement, which holds great promise for wastewater treatment applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Wenjian Kuang
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yu Lei
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenxiao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Hengyi Fu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Han Li
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenchao Lei
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Xin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China
| | - Shishu Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Chunhua Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters, Ministry of Education, School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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5
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Choi S, Choi WI, Lee JS, Lee CH, Balamurugan M, Schwarz AD, Choi ZS, Randriamahazaka H, Nam KT. A Reflection on Sustainable Anode Materials for Electrochemical Chloride Oxidation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2300429. [PMID: 36897816 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202300429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Chloride oxidation is a key industrial electrochemical process in chlorine-based chemical production and water treatment. Over the past few decades, dimensionally stable anodes (DSAs) consisting of RuO2 - and IrO2 -based mixed-metal oxides have been successfully commercialized in the electrochemical chloride oxidation industry. For a sustainable supply of anode materials, considerable efforts both from the scientific and industrial aspects for developing earth-abundant-metal-based electrocatalysts have been made. This review first describes the history of commercial DSA fabrication and strategies to improve their efficiency and stability. Important features related to the electrocatalytic performance for chloride oxidation and reaction mechanism are then summarized. From the perspective of sustainability, recent progress in the design and fabrication of noble-metal-free anode materials, as well as methods for evaluating the industrialization of novel electrocatalysts, are highlighted. Finally, future directions for developing highly efficient and stable electrocatalysts for industrial chloride oxidation are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwoo Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Won Il Choi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Jun-Seo Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Chang Hyun Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Mani Balamurugan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
| | - Andrew D Schwarz
- Milton Hill Business and Technology Centre, Infineum, Abingdon, OX13 6BB, UK
| | - Zung Sun Choi
- Infineum Singapore LLP, Singapore, 098632, Singapore
| | | | - Ki Tae Nam
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
- Soft Foundry, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, South Korea
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6
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Liu Y, Li C, Tan C, Pei Z, Yang T, Zhang S, Huang Q, Wang Y, Zhou Z, Liao X, Dong J, Tan H, Yan W, Yin H, Liu ZQ, Huang J, Zhao S. Electrosynthesis of chlorine from seawater-like solution through single-atom catalysts. Nat Commun 2023; 14:2475. [PMID: 37120624 PMCID: PMC10148798 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38129-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The chlor-alkali process plays an essential and irreplaceable role in the modern chemical industry due to the wide-ranging applications of chlorine gas. However, the large overpotential and low selectivity of current chlorine evolution reaction (CER) electrocatalysts result in significant energy consumption during chlorine production. Herein, we report a highly active oxygen-coordinated ruthenium single-atom catalyst for the electrosynthesis of chlorine in seawater-like solutions. As a result, the as-prepared single-atom catalyst with Ru-O4 moiety (Ru-O4 SAM) exhibits an overpotential of only ~30 mV to achieve a current density of 10 mA cm-2 in an acidic medium (pH = 1) containing 1 M NaCl. Impressively, the flow cell equipped with Ru-O4 SAM electrode displays excellent stability and Cl2 selectivity over 1000 h continuous electrocatalysis at a high current density of 1000 mA cm-2. Operando characterizations and computational analysis reveal that compared with the benchmark RuO2 electrode, chloride ions preferentially adsorb directly onto the surface of Ru atoms on Ru-O4 SAM, thereby leading to a reduction in Gibbs free-energy barrier and an improvement in Cl2 selectivity during CER. This finding not only offers fundamental insights into the mechanisms of electrocatalysis but also provides a promising avenue for the electrochemical synthesis of chlorine from seawater electrocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Can Li
- Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Optoelectronic Materials and Devices of Zhejiang Province, College of Optical and Electronic Technology, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou, 310018, China
| | - Chunhui Tan
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Zengxia Pei
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Tao Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, 3810-93, Portugal
| | - Shuzhen Zhang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Qianwei Huang
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Yihan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Zheng Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Xiaozhou Liao
- School of Aerospace, Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Juncai Dong
- Beijing Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Hao Tan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China.
| | - Wensheng Yan
- National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230029, China
| | - Huajie Yin
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Zhao-Qing Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering/Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Clean Energy and Materials/Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jun Huang
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
| | - Shenlong Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, China.
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.
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7
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Iron Phosphide Precatalyst for Electrocatalytic Degradation of Rhodamine B Dye and Removal of Escherichia coli from Simulated Wastewater. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12030269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrocatalysis using low-cost materials is a promising, economical strategy for remediation of water contaminated with organic chemicals and microorganisms. Here, we report the use of iron phosphide (Fe2P) precatalyst for electrocatalytic water oxidation; degradation of a representative aromatic hydrocarbon, the dye rhodamine B (RhB); and inactivation of Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria. It was found that during anodic oxidation, the Fe2P phase was converted to iron phosphate phase (Fe2P-iron phosphate). This is the first report that Fe2P precatalyst can efficiently catalyze electrooxidation of an organic molecule and inactivate microorganisms in aqueous media. Using a thin film of Fe2P precatalyst, we achieved 98% RhB degradation efficiency and 100% E. coli inactivation under an applied bias of 2.0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode in the presence of in situ generated reactive chlorine species. Recycling test revealed that Fe2P precatalyst exhibits excellent activity and reproducibility during degradation of RhB. High-performance liquid chromatography with UV-Vis detection further confirmed the electrocatalytic (EC) degradation of the dye. Finally, in tests using Lepidium sativum L., EC-treated RhB solutions showed significantly diminished phytotoxicity when compared to untreated RhB. These findings suggest that Fe2P-iron phosphate electrocatalyst could be an effective water remediation agent.
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8
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Zhang Y, Huang J, Eikerling M. Criterion for finding the optimal electrocatalyst at any overpotential. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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9
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Hong JC, Kuo TC, Yang GL, Hsieh CT, Shen MH, Chao TH, Lu Q, Cheng MJ. Atomistic Insights into Cl –-Triggered Highly Selective Ethylene Electrochemical Oxidation to Epoxide on RuO 2: Unexpected Role of the In Situ Generated Intermediate to Achieve Active Site Isolation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Cheng Hong
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tung-Chun Kuo
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Lin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Tien Hsieh
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Min-Hsiu Shen
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hsuan Chao
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
| | - Qi Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 10084, China
| | - Mu-Jeng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan
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10
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Lim HW, Cho DK, Park JH, Ji SG, Ahn YJ, Kim JY, Lee CW. Rational Design of Dimensionally Stable Anodes for Active Chlorine Generation. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Woo Lim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ki Cho
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyun Park
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Geun Ji
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - You Jin Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Young Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Advanced Materials (RIAM), Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Engineering Research, College of Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Woo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Kookmin University, Seoul 02707, Republic of Korea
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11
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Lim T, Kim JH, Kim J, Baek DS, Shin TJ, Jeong HY, Lee KS, Exner KS, Joo SH. General Efficacy of Atomically Dispersed Pt Catalysts for the Chlorine Evolution Reaction: Potential-Dependent Switching of the Kinetics and Mechanism. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c03893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Taejung Lim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Kim
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinjong Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Du San Baek
- School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae Joo Shin
- UNIST Central Research Facilities, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- UNIST Central Research Facilities, 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Kug-Seung Lee
- Pohang Accelerator Laboratory, 80 Jigok-ro, Pohang 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Kai S. Exner
- Faculty of Chemistry, Theoretical Chemistry, University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitätsstraße 5, 45141 Essen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence RESOLV, 44801 Bochum, Germany
- Center for Nanointegration (CENIDE) Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea
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12
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Over H. Fundamental Studies of Planar Single-Crystalline Oxide Model Electrodes (RuO2, IrO2) for Acidic Water Splitting. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c01973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Herbert Over
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich Buff Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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13
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Wang Y, Xue Y, Zhang C. Rational Surface and Interfacial Engineering of IrO 2 /TiO 2 Nanosheet Arrays toward High-Performance Chlorine Evolution Electrocatalysis and Practical Environmental Remediation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2006587. [PMID: 33719156 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202006587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a critical and commercially valuable electrochemical reaction in industrial-scale utilization, including the Chlor-alkali industry, seawater electrolysis, and saline wastewater treatment. Aiming at boosting CER electrocatalysis, hybrid IrO2 /TiO2 nanosheet arrays (NSAs) with rational surface and interfacial tuning strategies are proposed in this study. The IrO2 /TiO2 NSAs exhibit superb CER electrocatalytic activity with a low overpotential (44 mV) at 10 mA cm-2 , low Tafel slope of 40 mV dec-1 , high CER selectivity (95.8%), and long-term durability, outperforming most of the existing counterparts. The boosting mechanism is proposed that the aerophobic/hydrophilic surface engineering and interfacial electronic structure tuning of IrO2 /TiO2 are beneficial for the Cl- mass-transfer, Cl2 release, and Volmer-Heyvrosky kinetics during the CER. Practical saline wastewater treatment by using the IrO2 /TiO2 NSAs electrode is further conducted, demonstrating it has a higher p-nitrophenol degradation ratio (95.10% in 60 min) than that of other electrodes. The rational surface and interfacial engineering of IrO2 /TiO2 NSAs can open up a new way to design highly efficient electrocatalysts for industrial application and environmental remediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunting Wang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology of Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yudong Xue
- College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunhui Zhang
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology of Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
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14
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Uchida M, Nomoto T, Musashi M, Arita R, Kawasaki M. Superconductivity in Uniquely Strained RuO_{2} Films. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2020; 125:147001. [PMID: 33064501 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.147001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report on strain engineering of superconductivity in RuO_{2} single-crystal films, which are epitaxially grown on rutile TiO_{2} and MgF_{2} substrates with various crystal orientations. Systematic mappings between the superconducting transition temperature and the lattice parameters reveal that shortening of specific ruthenium-oxygen bonds is a common feature among the superconducting RuO_{2} films. Ab initio calculations of electronic and phononic structures for the strained RuO_{2} films suggest the importance of soft phonon modes for emergence of the superconductivity. The findings indicate that simple transition metal oxides such as those with a rutile structure may be suitable for further exploring superconductivity by controlling phonon modes through the epitaxial strain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaki Uchida
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Tokyo 102-0076, Japan
| | - Takuya Nomoto
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Maki Musashi
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Ryotaro Arita
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
| | - Masashi Kawasaki
- Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Quantum-Phase Electronics Center (QPEC), University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Emergent Matter Science (CEMS), Wako 351-0198, Japan
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15
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Saha S, Gayen P, Ramani VK. Facet‐dependent Chlorine and Oxygen Evolution Selectivity on RuO
2
: An
Ab initio
Atomistic Thermodynamic Study. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sulay Saha
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage and Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO-63130 USA
| | - Pralay Gayen
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage and Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO-63130 USA
| | - Vijay K. Ramani
- Center for Solar Energy and Energy Storage and Department of Energy Environmental and Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis St. Louis MO-63130 USA
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16
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Exner KS. Overpotential‐Dependent Volcano Plots to Assess Activity Trends in the Competing Chlorine and Oxygen Evolution Reactions. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202000120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Sofia University Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy Department of Physical Chemistry 1 James Bourchier Avenue 1164 Sofia Bulgaria
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17
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Lim T, Jung GY, Kim JH, Park SO, Park J, Kim YT, Kang SJ, Jeong HY, Kwak SK, Joo SH. Atomically dispersed Pt-N 4 sites as efficient and selective electrocatalysts for the chlorine evolution reaction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:412. [PMID: 31964881 PMCID: PMC6972710 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-14272-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Chlorine evolution reaction (CER) is a critical anode reaction in chlor-alkali electrolysis. Although precious metal-based mixed metal oxides (MMOs) have been widely used as CER catalysts, they suffer from the concomitant generation of oxygen during the CER. Herein, we demonstrate that atomically dispersed Pt-N4 sites doped on a carbon nanotube (Pt1/CNT) can catalyse the CER with excellent activity and selectivity. The Pt1/CNT catalyst shows superior CER activity to a Pt nanoparticle-based catalyst and a commercial Ru/Ir-based MMO catalyst. Notably, Pt1/CNT exhibits near 100% CER selectivity even in acidic media, with low Cl- concentrations (0.1 M), as well as in neutral media, whereas the MMO catalyst shows substantially lower CER selectivity. In situ electrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy reveals the direct adsorption of Cl- on Pt-N4 sites during the CER. Density functional theory calculations suggest the PtN4C12 site as the most plausible active site structure for the CER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejung Lim
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Gwan Yeong Jung
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Hyung Kim
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung O Park
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaehyun Park
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Tae Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-Ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Ju Kang
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- UNIST Central Research Facilities, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Kyu Kwak
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sang Hoon Joo
- Department of Energy Engineering and School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), 50 UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea.
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18
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Exner KS. Design criteria for the competing chlorine and oxygen evolution reactions: avoid the OCl adsorbate to enhance chlorine selectivity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:22451-22458. [PMID: 32996945 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03667f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The formation of gaseous chlorine within chlor-alkali electrolysis is accompanied by a selectivity problem, as the evolution of gaseous oxygen constitutes a detrimental side reaction in the same potential range. As such, the development of electrode materials with high selectivity toward the chlorine evolution reaction is of particular importance to the chemical industry. Insight into the elementary reaction steps is ultimately required to comprehend chlorine selectivity on a molecular level. Commonly, linear scaling relationships are analyzed by the construction of a volcano plot, using the binding energy of oxygen, ΔEO, as a descriptor in the analysis. The present article reinvestigates the selectivity problem of the competing chlorine and oxygen evolution reactions by applying a different strategy compared to previous literature studies. On the one hand, a unifying material-screening framework that, besides binding energies, also includes the applied overpotential, kinetics, and the electrochemical-step symmetry index is used to comprehend trends in this selectivity issue for transition-metal oxide-based electrodes. On the other hand, the free-energy difference between the adsorbed oxygen and adsorbed hydroxide, ΔG2, rather than ΔEO is used as a descriptor in the analysis. It is demonstrated that the formation of the OCl adsorbate within the chlorine evolution reaction inherently limits chlorine selectivity, whereas, in the optimum case, the formation of the Cl intermediate can result in significantly higher chlorine selectivity. This finding is used to derive the design criteria for highly selective chlorine evolution electrocatalysts, which can be used in the future to search for potential electrode compositions by material-screening techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai S Exner
- Sofia University, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, Sofia 1164, Bulgaria.
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19
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Exner KS. Controlling Stability and Selectivity in the Competing Chlorine and Oxygen Evolution Reaction over Transition Metal Oxide Electrodes. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Sofia University, Faculty of Chemistry and PharmacyDepartment of Physical Chemistry 1 James Bourchier Avenue 1164 Sofia Bulgaria
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Sofia University Faculty of Chemistry and PharmacyDepartment of Physical Chemistry 1 James Bourchier Avenue 1164 Sofia Bulgaria
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21
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Abb MJS, Weber T, Glatthaar L, Over H. Growth of Ultrathin Single-Crystalline IrO 2(110) Films on a TiO 2(110) Single Crystal. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7720-7726. [PMID: 31124679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The growth of a flat, covering, and single-crystalline IrO2(110) film with controlled film thickness on a single-crystalline TiO2(110) substrate is reported. The preparation starts with a deposition of metallic Ir at room temperature followed by a post-oxidation step performed in an oxygen atmosphere of 10-4 mbar at 700 K. On this surface, additional Ir can be deposited at 700 K in an oxygen atmosphere of 10-6 mbar to produce a IrO2(110) layer with variable thicknesses. To improve the crystallinity of the resulting IrO2(110) layer, the final film was post-oxidized in 10-4 mbar of O2 at 700 K for 5 min. The surface-sensitive techniques of scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) are employed to characterize the morphology, crystallinity, and electronic structure of the prepared ultrathin IrO2(110) films and how these films decompose upon annealing under ultrahigh vacuum (UHV) conditions. STM provides evidence that the IrO2(110) films start already to reduce at 465 K under UHV conditions. Upon annealing to 605 K under UHV the reduction of IrO2 intensifies (XPS), but the oxide film can readily be restored by re-oxidation in 10-4 mbar of O2 at 700 K. Thermal decomposition at 725 K leads, however, to severe reduction of the IrO2(110) layer (XPS, STM) that cannot be restored by a subsequent re-oxidation step. The utility of the IrO2(110)-TiO2(110) system as model electrodes is exemplified with the electrochemical oxygen evolution reaction in an acidic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel J S Abb
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Zentrum für Materialforschung , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Tim Weber
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Zentrum für Materialforschung , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Lorena Glatthaar
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Herbert Over
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
- Zentrum für Materialforschung , Justus Liebig University , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
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22
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Exner KS. Recent Advancements Towards Closing the Gap between Electrocatalysis and Battery Science Communities: The Computational Lithium Electrode and Activity-Stability Volcano Plots. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:2330-2344. [PMID: 30861313 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201900298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Despite of the fact that the underlying processes are of electrochemical nature, electrocatalysis and battery research are commonly perceived as two disjointed research fields. Herein, recent advancements towards closing this apparent community gap by discussing the concepts of the constrained ab initio thermodynamics approach and the volcano relationship, which were originally introduced for studying heterogeneously catalyzed reactions by first-principles methods at the beginning of the 21st century, are summarized. The translation of the computational hydrogen electrode (CHE) approach or activity-based volcano plots to a computational lithium electrode (CLiE) or activity-stability volcano plots, respectively, for the investigation of electrode surfaces in batteries may refine theoretical modeling with the aim that enhancements of the underlying concepts are transferred between the research communities. The presented strategy of developing novel approaches by interdisciplinary research activities may trigger further progress of improved theoretical concepts in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai S Exner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
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23
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Exner KS. Is Thermodynamics a Good Descriptor for the Activity? Re-Investigation of Sabatier’s Principle by the Free Energy Diagram in Electrocatalysis. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai S. Exner
- Sofia University, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Physical Chemistry, 1 James Bourchier Avenue, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
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24
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Lian T, Koper MTM, Reuter K, Subotnik JE. Special Topic on Interfacial Electrochemistry and Photo(electro)catalysis. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:041401. [PMID: 30709260 DOI: 10.1063/1.5088351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interfacial electrochemistry and photo(electro)catalysis are key processes that convert the energy of photons or electrons to chemical bonds in many energy conversion and storage technologies. Achieving a molecular level understanding of the fundamental interfacial structure, energetics, dynamics, and reaction mechanisms that govern these processes represents a broad frontier for chemical physics and physical chemistry. This Special Topic contains a collection of articles that range from the development of new experimental and computational techniques to the novel application of those techniques for mechanistic studies, as the principal investigators seek a fundamental molecular understanding of both electrode/electrolyte interfaces and the relevant electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and photoelectrochemical reactions taking place thereabout. Altogether, this collection of articles captures the current state of this very active, frontier research field and highlights the current and remaining key scientific challenges and opportunities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianquan Lian
- Department of Chemistry, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA
| | - Marc T M Koper
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Karsten Reuter
- Chair for Theoretical Chemistry and Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Joseph E Subotnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA
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