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Tang L, Wang N, Chen S. Clinical performance of two different adhesive strategies for metal-ceramic cracks repairing and related in vitro study. Dent Mater J 2021; 40:781-791. [PMID: 33814532 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2020-260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the bonding reliability of a universal adhesive compared to a commercial ceramic repair system for metal-ceramic cracks. In vitro part: sixty specimens with porcelain, metal and porcelain-metal substrate were fabricated. Half specimens were bonded by Singlebond Universal adhesive and Filtek Z350 resin composite. The other were processed by Ceramic Repair N. Shear bond strength was tested. In vivo part: forty patients with sixty ceramic fractured porcelain-fused-metal restorations were involved. Half were repaired by Singlebond Universal and Filtek Z350. The other were restored by Ceramic Repair N. The mean observation period was 65 weeks. Results showed the bond strength ranged from 13.97 MPa to 15.85 MPa using two different repair system on different substrate with no statistical difference. There was no statistical difference between the two adhesive system in survival rate according to Kaplan-Meier analysis. The universal adhesive had a similar repair performance compared to commercial ceramic repair system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Tang
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Na Wang
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University
| | - Su Chen
- Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University
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Leesungbok R, Lee SM, Park SJ, Lee SW, Lee DY, Im BJ, Ahn SJ. The effect of IDS (immediate dentin sealing) on dentin bond strength under various thermocycling periods. J Adv Prosthodont 2015; 7:224-32. [PMID: 26140174 PMCID: PMC4486618 DOI: 10.4047/jap.2015.7.3.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Revised: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to find out the effect of immediate dentin sealing (IDS) on bond strength of ceramic restoration under various thermocycling periods with DBA (dentin bonding agent system). MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty freshly extracted human mandibular third molars were divided into 5 groups (1 control and 4 experimental groups) of 10 teeth. We removed enamel layer of sound teeth and embedded them which will proceed to be IDS, using All Bond II. A thermocycling was applied to experimental groups for 1, 2, 7, 14 days respectively and was not applied to control group. IPS Empress II for ceramic was acid-etched with ceramic etchant (9.5% HF) and silane was applied. Each ceramic disc was bonded to specimens with Duo-link, dual curable resin cement by means of light curing for 100 seconds. After the cementation procedures, shear bond strength measurement and SEM analysis of the fractured surface were done. The data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and Tukey multiple comparison test (α=.05). RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between 4 experimental groups and control group, however the mean value started to decrease in group 7d, and group 14d showed the lowest mean bond strength in all groups. Also, group 7d and 14d showed distinct exposed dentin and collapsed hybrid layer was observed in SEM analysis. CONCLUSION In the present study, it can be concluded that ceramic restorations like a laminate veneer restoration should be bonded using resin cement within one week after IDS procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Leesungbok
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Min Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jung Park
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suk-Won Lee
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Do Yun Lee
- Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Jin Im
- Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Jin Ahn
- Department of Biomaterials & Prosthodontics, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Madani AS, Astaneh PA, Nakhaei M, Bagheri HG, Moosavi H, Alavi S, Najjaran NT. Effectiveness of Silica-Lasing Method on the Bond Strength of Composite Resin Repair to Ni-Cr Alloy. J Prosthodont 2014; 24:225-32. [DOI: 10.1111/jopr.12200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Azam S. Madani
- Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Pedram Ansari Astaneh
- Department of Prosthodontics; Faculty of Dentistry, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences; Bandar Abbas Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Nakhaei
- Department of Prosthodontics; School of Dentistry; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Hossein G. Bagheri
- Department of Dental Materials; School of Dentistry; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran Iran
| | - Horieh Moosavi
- Dental Material Research Center; School of Dentistry; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Samin Alavi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
| | - Niloufar Tayarani Najjaran
- Department of Restorative Dentistry; School of Dentistry; Mashhad University of Medical Sciences; Mashhad Iran
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Almilhatti HJ, Neppelenbroek KH, Vergani CE, Machado AL, Pavarina AC, Giampaolo ET. Adhesive bonding of resin composite to various titanium surfaces using different metal conditioners and a surface modification system. J Appl Oral Sci 2014; 21:590-6. [PMID: 24473727 PMCID: PMC3891285 DOI: 10.1590/1679-775720130255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study evaluated the effect of three metal conditioners on the shear bond
strength (SBS) of a prosthetic composite material to cpTi grade I having three
surface treatments. Material and Methods One hundred sixty eight rivet-shaped specimens (8.0x2.0 mm) were cast and
subjected to polishing (P) or sandblasting with either 50 mm (50SB) or 250 mm
(250SB) Al2O3. The metal conditioners Metal Photo Primer
(MPP), Cesead II Opaque Primer (OP), Targis Link (TL), and one surface
modification system Siloc (S), were applied to the specimen surfaces, which were
covered with four 1-mm thick layers of resin composite. The resin layers were
exposed to curing light for 90 s separately. Seven specimens from each
experimental group were stored in water at 37ºC for 24 h while the other 7
specimens were subjected to 5,000 thermal cycles consisting of water baths at 4ºC
and 60ºC (n=7). All specimens were subjected to SBS test (0.5 mm/min) until
failure occurred, and further 28 specimens were analyzed using scanning electron
microscope (SEM) and X-ray energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Data were
analyzed by 3-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc Tukey's test
(α=0.05). Results On 50SB surfaces, OP groups showed higher SBS means than MPP (P<0.05), while no
significant difference was found among OP, S, and TL groups. On 250SB surfaces, OP
and TL groups exhibited higher SBS than MPP and S (P<0.05). No significant
difference in SBS was found between OP and TL groups nor between MPP and S groups.
The use of conditioners on 250SB surfaces resulted in higher SBS means than the
use of the same products on 50SB surfaces (P<0.05). Conclusion Sandblasting associated with the use of metal conditioners improves SBS of resin
composites to cpTi.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlos Eduardo Vergani
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lúcia Machado
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil
| | - Ana Cláudia Pavarina
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil
| | - Eunice Teresinha Giampaolo
- Univ. Estadual Paulista, Araraquara Dental School, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, AraraquaraSP, Brazil
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Andreatta Filho OD, Bottino MA, Nishioka RS, Valandro LF, Leite FPP. Effect of thermocycling on the bond strength of a glass-infiltrated ceramic and a resin luting cement. J Appl Oral Sci 2012; 11:61-7. [PMID: 21409341 DOI: 10.1590/s1678-77572003000100011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of thermocycling on the bond strength between the surface of the glass-infiltrated alumina ceramic In-Ceram (VITA) and the Panavia F resin cement (Kuraray CO.). Four 5x6x6mm In-Ceram blocks were obtained. One of the 6x6mm faces of each block was conditioned with Cojet - System (tribochemical silica coating, ESPE-3M) and then luted under a constant 750g pressure with Panavia F cement to another identical face of a resin composit block (Clearfil AP-X, Kuraray) obtained by reproduction of the ceramic one from Express (3M) addition curing silicone impressions. The four sets so formed by ceramic, luting cement and resin have been each one serially sectioned in 20 sticks so that the adhesive surface in each presented 1mm² of area. The samples were divided in 2 groups (n=10): G1- stored for 7 days in deionized water at 36 ± 2ºC; G2 - thermocycled 1500 times between 5 and 55ºC dwell times. The microtensile tests were accomplished in an universal testing machine (EMIC) at a crosshead speed of 0,5 mm/min. The results showed that the mean tensile bond strength values (MPa) for the group G2: (22,815 ± 5,254) had not statistically differ of the values of group G1: (25,628 ± 3,353) (t = 1,427; gl = 18; p-value = 0,171), at the level of a= 5%. It can be concluded that the thermocycling technique used in the present experiment had not produced statistically significant differences between the bond strength results of the specimens obtained by the two used techniques.
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Henriques B, Soares D, Silva F. Shear bond strength of a hot pressed Au–Pd–Pt alloy–porcelain dental composite. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2011; 4:1718-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2011.05.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2010] [Revised: 05/16/2011] [Accepted: 05/19/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Evaluation of a newly developed polymethyl methacrylate powder for brush-dip technique. J Prosthodont Res 2011; 55:193-8. [PMID: 21300586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpor.2010.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 11/24/2010] [Accepted: 12/27/2010] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study is to evaluate a newly developed polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) powder. METHODS The particle size distribution, surface area, and particle shape of both new and traditional powders were compared. The shear bond strength of the resin cement with the new powder to a silver-palladium-copper-gold alloy was determined and compared to that for a cement with the traditional powder. Also, the weight of mixture held by the brush at one time of both powders was also calculated and compared as an index of mixability. RESULTS The surface area of the new powder was smaller than that of the traditional powder, while the particles size distributions were similar. The new powder included various-sized spherical particles as well as irregular particles, while the traditional powder consisted of only irregular particles. The new powder showed significantly higher mixability, although its bond strength was not significantly different from that of traditional powder. CONCLUSION The results of this study show that the interminglement of spherical and irregular particles cannot influence the bond strength to the alloy but is helpful to improve the working properties.
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Almilhatti HJ, Giampaolo ET, Vergani CE, Machado AL, Pavarina AC, Betiol EAG. Adhesive bonding of resin composite to various Ni-Cr alloy surfaces using different metal conditioners and a surface modification system. J Prosthodont 2009; 18:663-9. [PMID: 19523025 DOI: 10.1111/j.1532-849x.2009.00491.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study evaluated the effect of three metal conditioners [Metal Photo Primer (MPP), Cesead II Opaque Primer (OP), Targis Link (TL)], and one surface modification system [Siloc (S)] on the shear bond strength (SBS) of a prosthetic composite material to Ni-Cr alloy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Rivet-shaped specimens were cast, and three surface treatments were evaluated: Polishing (P); sandblasting with either 50 microm (50SB) or 250 microm (250SB) Al(2)O(3). All products were applied to half of the specimens, while the other half remained without the materials. Veneering resin composite (8-mm diameter, 2-mm thick) was applied and light-exposed for 90 seconds in a laboratory light-curing unit. The specimens were stored in water at 37 degrees C for 24 hours, and half were subjected to 500 thermal cycles consisting of water baths at 4 degrees C and 60 degrees C. All specimens were submitted to SBS test (0.5 mm/min) until failure. Failure patterns were determined using optical and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc Tukey's test (preset alpha of 5%). RESULTS The SBS values of OP and TL groups were higher than those of MPP and S within the 50SB treatment (p < 0.05). No significant difference in SBS was noted between OP and TL as well as between MPP and S. On the other hand, no significant differences were found among conditioners within the 250SB group (p > 0.05). The SBS values of MPP, OP, and S from the 250SB group were higher than those from 50SB (p < 0.05). No significant difference in SBS was noted among most groups with conditioners after thermocycling. The only exception was observed for MPP, which showed an increase in SBS after thermocycling (p < 0.05). Differences in SBS were noted among the groups with conditioners (p < 0.05), and no significant difference in SBS was noted between TL and OP groups, which showed the highest values among all within the P group. No significant difference was noted between MPP and S. Debonded surfaces showed adhesive failures predominantly located between metal surface and opaque resin. CONCLUSIONS The OP and TL conditioners and surface sandblasting with 250 microm Al(2)O(3) promoted the highest SBS between resin and the Ni-Cr metal surface.
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Faria ACL, de Matos RL, Rodrigues RCS, Antunes RPDA, Ribeiro RF, de Mattos MDGC. Comparative study of chemical and mechanical retentive systems for bonding of indirect composite resin to commercially pure titanium. Braz Dent J 2009; 19:134-8. [PMID: 18568228 DOI: 10.1590/s0103-64402008000200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study evaluated the effect of chemical and mechanical surface treatments for cast metal alloys on the bond strength of an indirect composite resin (Artglass) to commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Thirty cylindrical metal rods (3 mm diameter x 60 mm long) were cast in grade-1 cpTi and randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=5) according to the received surface treatment: sandblasting; chemical treatment; mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm beads; mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads; chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm; and chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads. Artglass rings (6.0 mm diameter x 2.0 mm thick) were light cured around the cpTi rods, according manufacturer's specifications. The specimens were invested in hard gypsum and their bond strength (in MPa) to the rods was measured at fracture with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min and 500 kgf load cell. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (alpha=5%). The surface treatments differed significantly from each other (p<0.05) regarding the recorded bond strengths. Chemical retention and sandblasting showed statistically similar results to each other (p=0.139) and both had significantly lower bond strengths (p<0.05) than the other treatments. In conclusion, mechanical retention, either associated or not to chemical treatment, provided higher bond strength of the indirect composite resin to cpTi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Cláudia Lapria Faria
- Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
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dos Santos JG, Fonseca RG, Adabo GL, dos Santos Cruz CA. Shear bond strength of metal-ceramic repair systems. J Prosthet Dent 2006; 96:165-73. [PMID: 16990069 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM When clinical fractures of the ceramic veneer on metal-ceramic prostheses can be repaired, the need for remake may be eliminated or postponed. Many different ceramic repair materials are available, and bond strength data are necessary for predicting the success of a given repair system. PURPOSE This study evaluated the shear bond strength of different repair systems for metal-ceramic restorations applied on metal and porcelain. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty cylindrical specimens (9 x 3 mm) were fabricated in a nickel-chromium alloy (Vera Bond II) and 50 in feldspathic porcelain (Noritake). Metal (M) and porcelain (P) specimens were embedded in a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ring and received 1 of the following bonding and resin composite repair systems (n=10): Clearfil SE Bond/Clearfil AP-X (CL), Bistite II DC/Palfique (BT), CoJet Sand/Z100 (CJ), Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (SB) (control group), or CoJet Sand plus Scotchbond Multipurpose Plus/Z100 (CJSB). The specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours at 37 degrees C, thermal cycled (1000 cycles at 5 degrees C to 55 degrees C), and stored at 37 degrees C for 8 days. Shear bond tests between the metal or ceramic specimens and repair systems were performed in a mechanical testing machine with a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. Mean shear bond strength values (MPa) were submitted to 1-way ANOVA and Tukey honestly significant difference tests (alpha=.05). Each specimen was examined under a stereoscopic lens with x30 magnification, and mode of failure was classified as adhesive, cohesive, or a combination. RESULTS On metal, the mean shear bond strength values for the groups were as follows: MCL, 18.40 +/- 2.88(b); MBT, 8.57 +/- 1.00(d); MCJ, 25.24 +/- 3.46(a); MSB, 16.26 +/- 3.09(bc); and MCJSB, 13.11 +/- 1.24(c). On porcelain, the mean shear bond strength values of each group were as follows: PCL, 16.91 +/- 2.22(b); PBT, 18.04 +/- 3.23(ab); PCJ, 19.54 +/- 3.77(ab); PSB, 21.05 +/- 3.22(a); and PCJSB, 16.18 +/- 1.71(b). Within each substrate, identical superscript letters denote no significant differences among groups. CONCLUSIONS The bond strength for the metal substrate was significantly higher using the CJ system. For porcelain, SB, CJ, and BT systems showed the highest shear bond strength values, and only SB was significantly different compared to CL and CJSB (P<.05). CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS This study suggests that when fracture involves only feldspathic porcelain, any of the evaluated systems may be used, since the fracture occurred on the porcelain substrate and not on the bond interface of porcelain-restorative material. However, for the nickel-chromium alloy tested, the CoJet Sand system showed the best results for repair.
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Ohkubo C, Kono H, Tanaka Y, Watanabe I. Shear bond strength of resin composite to magnetic Fe-Pt alloy. J Prosthet Dent 2005; 93:478-82. [PMID: 15867759 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2005.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM It is important to obtain strong adhesion between resin composite material and magnetic Fe-Pt alloy for fabrication of an indirect veneered crown. However, little is known about the bond strength between these materials. PURPOSE This study evaluated the bond strength of resin composite to magnetic Fe-Pt alloy, using 4 adhesive metal primers. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy disk-shaped patterns (7.5 mm in diameter, 2.0 mm thick) were cast from a custom-made Fe-Pt ingot using a high-frequency centrifugal casting machine. After the bonding surfaces were airborne-particle abraded with 50 microm Al2O3, specimens were divided into groups (n=7) and primed with either Metal Primer II (MP), Meta Fast Bonding Liner (BL), New Meta Color INFIS Opaque Primer (IN), or Epricord Opaque Primer (EP). Nonprimed specimens served as controls (n=7). A resin composite (New Meta Color INFIS) was then applied to all specimens and polymerized. After the specimens were immersed in 37 degrees C water for 24 hours or thermal cycled at 4 degrees C to 60 degrees C with a 1-minute dwell time of up to 10,000 cycles, the shear bond strengths (MPa) were measured using a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min. The data were statistically analyzed by a 2-way analysis of variance and the Scheffe test (alpha=.05). RESULTS Although IN had the lowest strength, there were no significant differences in bond strengths of the other 3 primers (MP, BL, and EP) before thermal cycling. The bond strengths of MP and EP were slightly altered by thermal cycling (P >.05); however, BL and IN underwent a significant decrease (P <.05). CONCLUSION The results of this in vitro study indicate that MP and EP provide superior long-term shear strength when bonding the resin composite evaluated to Fe-Pt alloy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chikahiro Ohkubo
- Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Tsurumi University School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Japan.
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Almilhatti HJ, Giampaolo ET, Vergani CE, Machado AL, Pavarina AC. Shear bond strength of aesthetic materials bonded to Ni-Cr alloy. J Dent 2003; 31:205-11. [PMID: 12726705 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-5712(03)00012-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study was undertaken to evaluate the shear bond strength of four materials used as aesthetic material bonded to Ni-Cr alloy. METHODS Sixty-eight alloy discs were prepared and divided equally into four groups, and received four treatments for veneering: conventional feldspathic porcelain (Noritake EX-3) and three light-cured prosthodontic composite resins (Artglass, Solidex and Targis). The aesthetic materials were applied after metal structure conditioning in accordance with the manufacturers' recommendations. The specimens were stored in distilled water at 37 degrees C for 7 days. A universal testing machine was used to measure the shear bond strength of the specimens at a cross head speed of 0.5 mm/min. Fractured specimens were examined by using both optical and scanning electron microscope. RESULTS The analysis of variance and Tukey's test showed that the strongest mean shear bond was obtained with Noritake EX-3 (mean shear bond strength 42.90+/-7.82 MPa). For composites, the highest mean shear bond strength was observed for Targis (12.30+/-1.57 MPa); followed by Solidex (11.94+/-1.04 MPa) and Artglass (10.04+/-0.75 MPa). Optical analysis of the fractured surfaces indicated that for Targis and Noritake EX-3 all failures were a mixture of both cohesive and adhesive patterns. As for Artglass and Solidex, the fractures were mainly adhesive in nature. CONCLUSIONS The Solidex system was equivalent to the Targis system in bond strength and exhibited greater strength than the Artglass system. The porcelain fused-to-metal showed considerably higher shear bond strength than the three metal-resin bonding techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hercules Jorge Almilhatti
- Faculdade de Odontologia de Araraquara-UNESP, Departamento de Materiais Odontológicos e Prótese, Rua Humaitá, 1680 Araraquara, São Paulo 14801-903, Brazil.
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