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Xiao Y, Chang Y, Liu YY, Li TT, Qu WR, Yuan C, Chen L, Huang S, Zhou XL. Biologically active franchetine-type diterpenoid alkaloids: Isolation, synthesis, anti-inflammatory, agalgesic activities, and molecular docking. Bioorg Chem 2024; 153:107834. [PMID: 39332071 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/18/2024] [Indexed: 09/29/2024]
Abstract
In this study, four franchetine-type diterpenoid alkaloids (1-4) were isolated from Aconitum sinoaxillare, and fourteen diverse franchetine analogs (5-18) were synthesized. Compounds 1, 2, 7 and 16 exhibited stronger inhibitory effects on NO production when compared to celecoxib. Among them, compound 1 had the best inhibitory effect on iNOS and COX-2 inflammatory proteins. The in vitro studies displayed that the anti-inflammatory effect of the most active compound 1 was ascribed to the inhibition of the TLR4-MyD88/NF-κB/MAPKs signalling pathway. Consequently, this led to a inhibition in the expression of inflammatory factors or mediators including NO, ROS, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, iNOS, and COX-2. Additionally, compound 1 had low toxicity (LD50 > 20 mg/kg) in mice, and it had notable analgesic effects on acetic acid-induced visceral pain (ED50 = 2.15 ± 0.07 mg/kg). Moreover, compound 1 exhibited a distinct reduction in the NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 channel currents during both resting and half-inactivated states at 50 μM. The present study enriches the pharmacological activities of franchetine derivatives and provides valuable insights for the development of novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xiao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ye Chang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; School of School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Yu-Yan Liu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Yibin Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Ting-Ting Li
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Wen-Rong Qu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Cheng Yuan
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Lin Chen
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Shuai Huang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Yibin Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, Sichuan, PR China.
| | - Xian-Li Zhou
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; School of School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, PR China; Yibin Institute of Southwest Jiaotong University, Yibin, Sichuan, PR China.
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2
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Nascimento de Lima AP, Zhang H, Chen L, Effraim PR, Gomis-Perez C, Cheng X, Huang J, Waxman SG, Dib-Hajj SD. Nav1.8 in small dorsal root ganglion neurons contributes to vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia. Brain 2024; 147:3157-3170. [PMID: 38447953 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awae071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Vincristine-induced peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of vincristine treatment, which is accompanied by pain and can be dose-limiting. The molecular mechanisms that underlie vincristine-induced pain are not well understood. We have established an animal model to investigate pathophysiological mechanisms of vincristine-induced pain. Our previous studies have shown that the tetrodotoxin-sensitive voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.6 in medium-diameter dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons contributes to the maintenance of vincristine-induced allodynia. In this study, we investigated the effects of vincristine administration on excitability in small-diameter DRG neurons and whether the tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) Nav1.8 channels contribute to mechanical allodynia. Current-clamp recordings demonstrated that small DRG neurons become hyper-excitable following vincristine treatment, with both reduced current threshold and increased firing frequency. Using voltage-clamp recordings in small DRG neurons, we now show an increase in TTX-R current density and a -7.3 mV hyperpolarizing shift in the half-maximal potential (V1/2) of activation of Nav1.8 channels in vincristine-treated animals, which likely contributes to the hyperexcitability that we observed in these neurons. Notably, vincristine treatment did not enhance excitability of small DRG neurons from Nav1.8 knockout mice, and the development of mechanical allodynia was delayed but not abrogated in these mice. Together, our data suggest that sodium channel Nav1.8 in small DRG neurons contributes to the development of vincristine-induced mechanical allodynia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Nascimento de Lima
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Huiran Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Lubin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Philip R Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Carolina Gomis-Perez
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Xiaoyang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Jianying Huang
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Sulayman D Dib-Hajj
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
- Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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3
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LeBlang CJ, Pazyra-Murphy MF, Silagi ES, Dasgupta S, Tsolias M, Miller T, Petrova V, Zhen S, Jovanovic V, Castellano D, Gerrish K, Ormanoglu P, Tristan C, Singeç I, Woolf CJ, Tasdemir-Yilmaz O, Segal RA. Satellite glial contact enhances differentiation and maturation of human iPSC-derived sensory neurons. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.24.604966. [PMID: 39211268 PMCID: PMC11361066 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.24.604966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Sensory neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iSNs) are used to model human peripheral neuropathies, however current differentiation protocols produce sensory neurons with an embryonic phenotype. Peripheral glial cells contact sensory neurons early in development and contribute to formation of the canonical pseudounipolar morphology, but these signals are not encompassed in current iSN differentiation protocols. Here, we show that terminal differentiation of iSNs in co-culture with rodent Dorsal Root Ganglion satellite glia (rSG) advances their differentiation and maturation. Co-cultured iSNs develop a pseudounipolar morphology through contact with rSGs. This transition depends on semaphorin-plexin guidance cues and on glial gap junction signaling. In addition to morphological changes, iSNs terminally differentiated in co-culture exhibit enhanced spontaneous action potential firing, more mature gene expression, and increased susceptibility to paclitaxel induced axonal degeneration. Thus, iSNs differentiated in coculture with rSGs provide a better model for investigating human peripheral neuropathies.
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4
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Le Franc A, Da Silva A, Lepetre-Mouelhi S. Nanomedicine and voltage-gated sodium channel blockers in pain management: a game changer or a lost cause? Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024; 14:2112-2145. [PMID: 38861139 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01615-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Pain, a complex and debilitating condition affecting millions globally, is a significant concern, especially in the context of post-operative recovery. This comprehensive review explores the complexity of pain and its global impact, emphasizing the modulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC or NaV channels) as a promising avenue for pain management with the aim of reducing reliance on opioids. The article delves into the role of specific NaV isoforms, particularly NaV 1.7, NaV 1.8, and NaV 1.9, in pain process and discusses the development of sodium channel blockers to target these isoforms precisely. Traditional local anesthetics and selective NaV isoform inhibitors, despite showing varying efficacy in pain management, face challenges in systemic distribution and potential side effects. The review highlights the potential of nanomedicine in improving the delivery of local anesthetics, toxins and selective NaV isoform inhibitors for a targeted and sustained release at the site of pain. This innovative strategy seeks to improve drug bioavailability, minimize systemic exposure, and optimize therapeutic outcomes, holding significant promise for secure pain management and enhancing the quality of life for individuals recovering from surgical procedures or suffering from chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélaïde Le Franc
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
| | - Alexandre Da Silva
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 91400, Orsay, France
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5
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Kaye AD, Everett ES, Lehuquet AM, Mason JW, Maitski R, Plessala MJ, Barrie S, Baptiste CJ, Mychaskiw G, Ahmadzadeh S, Shekoohi S, Varrassi G. Frontiers in Acute Pain Management: Emerging Concepts in Pain Pathways and the Role of VX-548 as a Novel NaV1.8 Inhibitor: A Narrative Review. Curr Pain Headache Rep 2024:10.1007/s11916-024-01295-7. [PMID: 38963514 DOI: 10.1007/s11916-024-01295-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Despite ongoing research into alternative postsurgical pain treatments, opioids remain widely used analgesics regardless of associated adverse effects, including dependence and overdose, as demonstrated throughout the current opioid crisis. This is likely related to a failure in proving the efficacy of alternative analgesics in clinical trials, despite strong evidence supporting the potential for effective analgesia through in vitro studies. While NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 channels have shown to be key components of pain perception, studies regarding pharmacological agents utilizing these channels as targets have largely failed to demonstrate the efficacy of these proposed analgesics when compared to current multimodal pain treatment regimens. RECENT FINDINGS However, the novel NaV1.8 channel inhibitor, VX-548 has surpassed previously studied NaV1.8 inhibitors in clinical trials and continues to hold promise of a novel efficacious analgesic to potentially be utilized in multimodal pain treatment on postsurgical patients. Additionally, NaV1.8 is encoded by the SCN10A, which has been shown to be minimally expressed in the brain, suggesting a lower likelihood of adverse effects in the CNS, including dependence and abuse. Novel pharmacologic analgesics that are efficacious without the significant side effects associated with opioids have lacked meaningful development. However, recent clinical trials have shown promising results in the safety and efficacy of the pharmacological agent VX-548. Still, more clinical trials directly comparing the efficacy of VX-548 to standard of care post-surgical drugs, including opioids like morphine and hydromorphone are needed to demonstrate the long-term viability of the agent replacing current opioids with an unfavorable side effect profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan D Kaye
- Departments of Anesthesiology and Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neurosciences, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Erin S Everett
- Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Arianna M Lehuquet
- Tulane University School of Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Joseph W Mason
- LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine, 1901 Gravier St, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Rebecca Maitski
- LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine, 1901 Gravier St, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Michael J Plessala
- LSU Health Sciences Center New Orleans School of Medicine, 1901 Gravier St, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Sonnah Barrie
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Carlo Jean Baptiste
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - George Mychaskiw
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Shahab Ahmadzadeh
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA
| | - Sahar Shekoohi
- Department of Anesthesiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center at Shreveport, Shreveport, LA, 71103, USA.
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Heinle JW, Dalessio S, Janicki P, Ouyang A, Vrana KE, Ruiz-Velasco V, Coates MD. Insights into the voltage-gated sodium channel, Na V1.8, and its role in visceral pain perception. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1398409. [PMID: 38855747 PMCID: PMC11158627 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1398409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Pain is a major issue in healthcare throughout the world. It remains one of the major clinical issues of our time because it is a common sequela of numerous conditions, has a tremendous impact on individual quality of life, and is one of the top drivers of cost in medicine, due to its influence on healthcare expenditures and lost productivity in those affected by it. Patients and healthcare providers remain desperate to find new, safer and more effective analgesics. Growing evidence indicates that the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.8 plays a critical role in transmission of pain-related signals throughout the body. For that reason, this channel appears to have strong potential to help develop novel, more selective, safer, and efficacious analgesics. However, many questions related to the physiology, function, and clinical utility of Nav1.8 remain to be answered. In this article, we discuss the latest studies evaluating the role of Nav1.8 in pain, with a particular focus on visceral pain, as well as the steps taken thus far to evaluate its potential as an analgesic target. We also review the limitations of currently available studies related to this topic, and describe the next scientific steps that have already been undertaken, or that will need to be pursued, to fully unlock the capabilities of this potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Westley Heinle
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Shannon Dalessio
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Piotr Janicki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Ann Ouyang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Kent E. Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Victor Ruiz-Velasco
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
| | - Matthew D. Coates
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, United States
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7
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Kamei T, Kudo T, Yamane H, Ishibashi F, Takada Y, Honda S, Maezawa Y, Ikeda K, Oyamada Y. Unique electrophysiological property of a novel Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 sodium channel blocker, ANP-230. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 721:150126. [PMID: 38776832 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channel subtypes, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 are predominantly expressed in peripheral sensory neurons. Recent genetic studies have revealed that they are involved in pathological pain processing and that the blockade of Nav1.7, Nav1.8, or Nav1.9 will become a promising pharmacotherapy especially for neuropathic pain. A growing number of drug discovery programs have targeted either of the subtypes to obtain a selective inhibitor which can provide pain relief without affecting the cardiovascular and central nervous systems, though none of them has been approved yet. Here we describe the in vitro characteristics of ANP-230, a novel sodium channel blocker under clinical development. Surprisingly, ANP-230 was shown to block three pain-related subtypes, human Nav1.7, Nav1.8, and Nav1.9 with similar potency, but had only low inhibitory activity to human cardiac Nav1.5 channel and rat central Nav channels. The voltage clamp experiments using different step pulse protocols revealed that ANP-230 had a "tonic block" mode of action without state- and use-dependency. In addition, ANP-230 caused a depolarizing shift of the activation curve and decelerated gating kinetics in human Nav1.7-stably expressing cells. The depolarizing shift of activation curve was commonly observed in human Nav1.8-stably expressing cells as well as rat dorsal root ganglion neurons. These data suggested a quite unique mechanism of Nav channel inhibition by ANP-230. Finally, ANP-230 reduced excitability of rat dorsal root ganglion neurons in a concentration dependent manner. Collectively, these promising results indicate that ANP-230 could be a potent drug for neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsuya Kamei
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, 650-0047, Japan.
| | - Takehiro Kudo
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Hana Yamane
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Regenerative & Cellular Medicine Kobe Center, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Kobe, 650-0047, Japan
| | - Fumiaki Ishibashi
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Platform Technology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Takada
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Global Corporate Strategy, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Tokyo, 104-8356, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Honda
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Sumika Chemical Analysis Service, Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yasuyo Maezawa
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Ikeda
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; Platform Technology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Oyamada
- Pharmacology Research Unit, Research Division, Sumitomo Pharma Co., Ltd., Osaka, 554-0022, Japan; AlphaNavi Pharma Inc., Osaka, 564-0053, Japan
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Xie YF, Yang J, Ratté S, Prescott SA. Similar excitability through different sodium channels and implications for the analgesic efficacy of selective drugs. eLife 2024; 12:RP90960. [PMID: 38687187 PMCID: PMC11060714 DOI: 10.7554/elife.90960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Nociceptive sensory neurons convey pain-related signals to the CNS using action potentials. Loss-of-function mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.7 cause insensitivity to pain (presumably by reducing nociceptor excitability) but clinical trials seeking to treat pain by inhibiting NaV1.7 pharmacologically have struggled. This may reflect the variable contribution of NaV1.7 to nociceptor excitability. Contrary to claims that NaV1.7 is necessary for nociceptors to initiate action potentials, we show that nociceptors can achieve similar excitability using different combinations of NaV1.3, NaV1.7, and NaV1.8. Selectively blocking one of those NaV subtypes reduces nociceptor excitability only if the other subtypes are weakly expressed. For example, excitability relies on NaV1.8 in acutely dissociated nociceptors but responsibility shifts to NaV1.7 and NaV1.3 by the fourth day in culture. A similar shift in NaV dependence occurs in vivo after inflammation, impacting ability of the NaV1.7-selective inhibitor PF-05089771 to reduce pain in behavioral tests. Flexible use of different NaV subtypes exemplifies degeneracy - achieving similar function using different components - and compromises reliable modulation of nociceptor excitability by subtype-selective inhibitors. Identifying the dominant NaV subtype to predict drug efficacy is not trivial. Degeneracy at the cellular level must be considered when choosing drug targets at the molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Feng Xie
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
| | - Jane Yang
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
| | - Stéphanie Ratté
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
| | - Steven A Prescott
- Neurosciences and Mental Health, The Hospital for Sick ChildrenTorontoCanada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
- Department of Physiology, University of TorontoTorontoCanada
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9
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McDougall JJ, O'Brien MS. Analgesic potential of voltage gated sodium channel modulators for the management of pain. Curr Opin Pharmacol 2024; 75:102433. [PMID: 38277942 DOI: 10.1016/j.coph.2024.102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Neuronal electrochemical signals involve the flux of sodium ions through voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV) located in the neurolemma. Of the nine sodium channel subtypes, NaV-1.7, 1.8, and 1.9 are predominantly located on nociceptors, making them prime targets to control pain. This review highlights some of the latest discoveries targeting NaV channel activity, including: (1) charged local anaesthetic derivatives; (2) NaV channel toxins and associated small peptide blockers; (3) regulation of NaV channel accessory proteins; and (4) genetic manipulation of NaV channel function. While the translation of preclinical findings to a viable treatment in humans has remained a challenge, a greater understanding of NaV channel physiology could lead to the development of a new stream of therapies aimed at alleviating chronic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason J McDougall
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada.
| | - Melissa S O'Brien
- Department of Pharmacology and Department of Anaesthesia, Pain Management & Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, 5850 College Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
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10
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Messina DN, Peralta ED, Acosta CG. Complex alterations in inflammatory pain and analgesic sensitivity in young and ageing female rats: involvement of ASIC3 and Nav1.8 in primary sensory neurons. Inflamm Res 2024; 73:669-691. [PMID: 38483556 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-024-01862-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN Our aim was to determine an age-dependent role of Nav1.8 and ASIC3 in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in a rat pre-clinical model of long-term inflammatory pain. METHODS We compared 6 and 24 months-old female Wistar rats after cutaneous inflammation. We used behavioral pain assessments over time, qPCR, quantitative immunohistochemistry, selective pharmacological manipulation, ELISA and in vitro treatment with cytokines. RESULTS Older rats exhibited delayed recovery from mechanical allodynia and earlier onset of spontaneous pain than younger rats after inflammation. Moreover, the expression patterns of Nav1.8 and ASIC3 were time and age-dependent and ASIC3 levels remained elevated only in aged rats. In vivo, selective blockade of Nav1.8 with A803467 or of ASIC3 with APETx2 alleviated mechanical and cold allodynia and also spontaneous pain in both age groups with slightly different potency. Furthermore, in vitro IL-1β up-regulated Nav1.8 expression in DRG neurons cultured from young but not old rats. We also found that while TNF-α up-regulated ASIC3 expression in both age groups, IL-6 and IL-1β had this effect only on young and aged neurons, respectively. CONCLUSION Inflammation-associated mechanical allodynia and spontaneous pain in the elderly can be more effectively treated by inhibiting ASIC3 than Nav1.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego N Messina
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain, Faculty of Medical Sciences, IHEM (Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia Mendoza, Dr. Mario H Burgos), Cuyo National University, Av. Del Libertador 80, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Emanuel D Peralta
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain, Faculty of Medical Sciences, IHEM (Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia Mendoza, Dr. Mario H Burgos), Cuyo National University, Av. Del Libertador 80, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Cristian G Acosta
- Laboratory of Neurobiology of Pain, Faculty of Medical Sciences, IHEM (Instituto de Histologia y Embriologia Mendoza, Dr. Mario H Burgos), Cuyo National University, Av. Del Libertador 80, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
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11
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Wang Q, Ye Y, Yang L, Xiao L, Liu J, Zhang W, Du G. Painful diabetic neuropathy: The role of ion channels. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116417. [PMID: 38490158 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Painful diabetic neuropathy (PDN) is a common chronic complication of diabetes that causes neuropathic pain and negatively affects the quality of life. The management of PDN is far from satisfactory. At present, interventions are primarily focused on symptomatic treatment. Ion channel disorders are a major cause of PDN, and a complete understanding of their roles and mechanisms may provide better options for the clinical treatment of PDN. Therefore, this review summarizes the important role of ion channels in PDN and the current drug development targeting these ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yifei Ye
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Linghui Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lifan Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| | - Guizhi Du
- Department of Anesthesiology, Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Translational Neuroscience Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; National-Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
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12
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Tian J, Bavencoffe AG, Zhu MX, Walters ET. Readiness of nociceptor cell bodies to generate spontaneous activity results from background activity of diverse ion channels and high input resistance. Pain 2024; 165:893-907. [PMID: 37862056 PMCID: PMC10950548 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Nociceptor cell bodies generate "spontaneous" discharge that can promote ongoing pain in persistent pain conditions. Little is known about the underlying mechanisms. Recordings from nociceptor cell bodies (somata) dissociated from rodent and human dorsal root ganglia have shown that previous pain in vivo is associated with low-frequency discharge controlled by irregular depolarizing spontaneous fluctuations of membrane potential (DSFs), likely produced by transient inward currents across the somal input resistance. Using mouse nociceptors, we show that DSFs are associated with high somal input resistance over a wide range of membrane potentials, including depolarized levels where DSFs approach action potential (AP) threshold. Input resistance and both the amplitude and frequency of DSFs were increased in neurons exhibiting spontaneous activity. Ion substitution experiments indicated that the depolarizing phase of DSFs is generated by spontaneous opening of channels permeable to Na + or Ca 2+ and that Ca 2+ -permeable channels are especially important for larger DSFs. Partial reduction of the amplitude or frequency of DSFs by perfusion of pharmacological inhibitors indicated small but significant contributions from Nav1.7, Nav1.8, TRPV1, TRPA1, TRPM4, and N-type Ca 2+ channels. Less specific blockers suggested a contribution from NALCN channels, and global knockout suggested a role for Nav1.9. The combination of high somal input resistance plus background activity of diverse ion channels permeable to Na + or Ca 2+ produces DSFs that are poised to reach AP threshold if resting membrane potential depolarizes, AP threshold decreases, or DSFs become enhanced-all of which can occur under painful neuropathic and inflammatory conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbin Tian
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Alexis G. Bavencoffe
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Michael X. Zhu
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
| | - Edgar T. Walters
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston
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13
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Liu PW, Zhang H, Werley CA, Pichler M, Ryan SJ, Lewarch CL, Jacques J, Grooms J, Ferrante J, Li G, Zhang D, Bremmer N, Barnett A, Chantre R, Elder AE, Cohen AE, Williams LA, Dempsey GT, McManus OB. A phenotypic screening platform for chronic pain therapeutics using all-optical electrophysiology. Pain 2024; 165:922-940. [PMID: 37963235 PMCID: PMC10950549 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Chronic pain associated with osteoarthritis (OA) remains an intractable problem with few effective treatment options. New approaches are needed to model the disease biology and to drive discovery of therapeutics. We present an in vitro model of OA pain, where dorsal root ganglion (DRG) sensory neurons were sensitized by a defined mixture of disease-relevant inflammatory mediators, here called Sensitizing PAin Reagent Composition or SPARC. Osteoarthritis-SPARC components showed synergistic or additive effects when applied in combination and induced pain phenotypes in vivo. To measure the effect of OA-SPARC on neural firing in a scalable format, we used a custom system for high throughput all-optical electrophysiology. This system enabled light-based membrane voltage recordings from hundreds of neurons in parallel with single cell and single action potential resolution and a throughput of up to 500,000 neurons per day. A computational framework was developed to construct a multiparameter OA-SPARC neuronal phenotype and to quantitatively assess phenotype reversal by candidate pharmacology. We screened ∼3000 approved drugs and mechanistically focused compounds, yielding data from over 1.2 million individual neurons with detailed assessment of functional OA-SPARC phenotype rescue and orthogonal "off-target" effects. Analysis of confirmed hits revealed diverse potential analgesic mechanisms including ion channel modulators and other mechanisms including MEK inhibitors and tyrosine kinase modulators. Our results suggest that the Raf-MEK-ERK axis in DRG neurons may integrate the inputs from multiple upstream inflammatory mediators found in osteoarthritis patient joints, and MAPK pathway activation in DRG neurons may contribute to chronic pain in patients with osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pin W. Liu
- Quiver Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guangde Li
- Quiver Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | - Dawei Zhang
- Quiver Bioscience, Cambridge, MA, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Adam E. Cohen
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States
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14
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Kapur MM, Soliman M, Blanke EN, Herold PB, Janicki PK, Vrana KE, Coates MD, Ruiz-Velasco V. Heterologous expression of the human wild-type and variant Na V 1.8 (A1073V) in rat sensory neurons. Neurogastroenterol Motil 2024; 36:e14748. [PMID: 38263802 PMCID: PMC10922522 DOI: 10.1111/nmo.14748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Silent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a condition in which individuals with the active disease experience minor to no pain. Voltage-gated Na+ (NaV ) channels expressed in sensory neurons play a major role in pain perception. Previously, we reported that a NaV 1.8 genetic polymorphism (A1073V, rs6795970) was more common in a cohort of silent IBD patients. The expression of this variant (1073V) in rat sympathetic neurons activated at more depolarized potentials when compared to the more common variant (1073A). In this study, we investigated whether expression of either NaV 1.8 variant in rat sensory neurons would exhibit different biophysical characteristics than previously observed in sympathetic neurons. METHODS Endogenous NaV 1.8 channels were first silenced in DRG neurons and then either 1073A or 1073V human NaV 1.8 cDNA constructs were transfected. NaV 1.8 currents were recorded with the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. KEY RESULTS The results indicate that 1073A and 1073V NaV 1.8 channels exhibited similar activation values. However, the slope factor (k) for activation determined for this same group of neurons decreased by 5 mV, suggesting an increase in voltage sensitivity. Comparison of inactivation parameters indicated that 1073V channels were shifted to more depolarized potentials than 1073A-expressing neurons, imparting a proexcitatory characteristic. CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES These findings differ from previous observations in other expression models and underscore the challenges with heterologous expression systems. Therefore, the use of human sensory neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells may help address these inconsistencies and better determine the effect of the polymorphism present in IBD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam M. Kapur
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Marwa Soliman
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Emily N. Blanke
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Paul B. Herold
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Piotr K. Janicki
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Kent E. Vrana
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Matthew D. Coates
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
| | - Victor Ruiz-Velasco
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USA
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15
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Gilchrist JM, Yang ND, Jiang V, Moyer BD. Pharmacologic Characterization of LTGO-33, a Selective Small Molecule Inhibitor of the Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Na V1.8 with a Unique Mechanism of Action. Mol Pharmacol 2024; 105:233-249. [PMID: 38195157 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.123.000789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Discovery and development of new molecules directed against validated pain targets is required to advance the treatment of pain disorders. Voltage-gated sodium channels (NaVs) are responsible for action potential initiation and transmission of pain signals. NaV1.8 is specifically expressed in peripheral nociceptors and has been genetically and pharmacologically validated as a human pain target. Selective inhibition of NaV1.8 can ameliorate pain while minimizing effects on other NaV isoforms essential for cardiac, respiratory, and central nervous system physiology. Here we present the pharmacology, interaction site, and mechanism of action of LTGO-33, a novel NaV1.8 small molecule inhibitor. LTGO-33 inhibited NaV1.8 in the nM potency range and exhibited over 600-fold selectivity against human NaV1.1-NaV1.7 and NaV1.9. Unlike prior reported NaV1.8 inhibitors that preferentially interacted with an inactivated state via the pore region, LTGO-33 was state-independent with similar potencies against closed and inactivated channels. LTGO-33 displayed species specificity for primate NaV1.8 over dog and rodent NaV1.8 and inhibited action potential firing in human dorsal root ganglia neurons. Using chimeras combined with mutagenesis, the extracellular cleft of the second voltage-sensing domain was identified as the key site required for channel inhibition. Biophysical mechanism of action studies demonstrated that LTGO-33 inhibition was relieved by membrane depolarization, suggesting the molecule stabilized the deactivated state to prevent channel opening. LTGO-33 equally inhibited wild-type and multiple NaV1.8 variants associated with human pain disorders. These collective results illustrate LTGO-33 inhibition via both a novel interaction site and mechanism of action previously undescribed in NaV1.8 small molecule pharmacologic space. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: NaV1.8 sodium channels primarily expressed in peripheral pain-sensing neurons represent a validated target for the development of novel analgesics. Here we present the selective small molecule NaV1.8 inhibitor LTGO-33 that interdicts a distinct site in a voltage-sensor domain to inhibit channel opening. These results inform the development of new analgesics for pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nien-Du Yang
- Latigo Biotherapeutics, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
| | | | - Bryan D Moyer
- Latigo Biotherapeutics, Inc., Thousand Oaks, California
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16
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Mohamed FE, Al-Jasmi F. Exploring the efficacy and safety of Ambroxol in Gaucher disease: an overview of clinical studies. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1335058. [PMID: 38414738 PMCID: PMC10896849 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1335058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Gaucher disease (GD) is mainly caused by glucocerebrosidase (GCase) enzyme deficiency due to genetic variations in the GBA1 gene leading to the toxic accumulation of sphingolipids in various organs, which causes symptoms such as anemia, thrombocytopenia, hepatosplenomegaly, and neurological manifestations. GD is clinically classified into the non-neuronopathic type 1, and the acute and chronic neuronopathic forms, types 2 and 3, respectively. In addition to the current approved GD medications, the repurposing of Ambroxol (ABX) has emerged as a prospective enzyme enhancement therapy option showing its potential to enhance mutated GCase activity and reduce glucosylceramide accumulation in GD-affected tissues of different GBA1 genotypes. The variability in response to ABX varies across different variants, highlighting the diversity in patients' therapeutic outcomes. Its oral availability and safety profile make it an attractive option, particularly for patients with neurological manifestations. Clinical trials are essential to explore further ABX's potential as a therapeutic medication for GD to encourage pharmaceutical companies' investment in its development. This review highlights the potential of ABX as a pharmacological chaperone therapy for GD and stresses the importance of addressing response variability in clinical studies to improve the management of this rare and complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feda E. Mohamed
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Al-Jasmi
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- ASPIRE Precision Medicine Research Institute Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pediatrics, Tawam Hospital, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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17
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Jang K, Garraway SM. A review of dorsal root ganglia and primary sensory neuron plasticity mediating inflammatory and chronic neuropathic pain. NEUROBIOLOGY OF PAIN (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.) 2024; 15:100151. [PMID: 38314104 PMCID: PMC10837099 DOI: 10.1016/j.ynpai.2024.100151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Pain is a sensory state resulting from complex integration of peripheral nociceptive inputs and central processing. Pain consists of adaptive pain that is acute and beneficial for healing and maladaptive pain that is often persistent and pathological. Pain is indeed heterogeneous, and can be expressed as nociceptive, inflammatory, or neuropathic in nature. Neuropathic pain is an example of maladaptive pain that occurs after spinal cord injury (SCI), which triggers a wide range of neural plasticity. The nociceptive processing that underlies pain hypersensitivity is well-studied in the spinal cord. However, recent investigations show maladaptive plasticity that leads to pain, including neuropathic pain after SCI, also exists at peripheral sites, such as the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), which contains the cell bodies of sensory neurons. This review discusses the important role DRGs play in nociceptive processing that underlies inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Specifically, it highlights nociceptor hyperexcitability as critical to increased pain states. Furthermore, it reviews prior literature on glutamate and glutamate receptors, voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSC), and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) signaling in the DRG as important contributors to inflammatory and neuropathic pain. We previously reviewed BDNF's role as a bidirectional neuromodulator of spinal plasticity. Here, we shift focus to the periphery and discuss BDNF-TrkB expression on nociceptors, non-nociceptor sensory neurons, and non-neuronal cells in the periphery as a potential contributor to induction and persistence of pain after SCI. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive evaluation of large bodies of work that individually focus on pain, DRG, BDNF, and SCI, to understand their interaction in nociceptive processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyeongran Jang
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Sandra M. Garraway
- Department of Cell Biology, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
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18
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Makau CM, Towett PK, Kanui TI, Abelson KSP. Effects of inhibition of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8 channels on pain-related behavior in Speke's hinge-back tortoise (Kinixys spekii). J Neurosci Res 2024; 102:e25274. [PMID: 38284848 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.25274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Comparative studies using reptiles as experimental animals in pain research could expand our knowledge on the evolution and adaptation of pain mechanisms. Currently, there are no data reported on the involvement of voltage-gated sodium ion channels on nociception in reptiles. The aim of this study was to investigate the involvement of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8 ion channels in nociception in Speke's hinge-back tortoise. ICA 121341 (selective blocker for Nav1.1/Nav1.3), NAV 26 (selective blocker for Nav1.7), and A803467 (selective blocker for Nav1.8) were used to investigate the involvement of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, and Nav1.8, respectively. The chemicals were administered intracoelomically thirty minutes before the start of nociceptive tests. ICA 121341 did not cause a significant decrease in the time spent in pain-related behavior in all the nociceptive tests. NAV 26 and A8034667 caused a statistically significant decrease in the mean time spent in pain-related behavior in the formalin and capsaicin tests. Only A803467 caused a statistically significant increase in the mean latency to pain-related behavior in the hot plate test. NAV 26 and A803467 had no observable side effects. In conclusion, Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 are involved in the processing of chemically induced inflammatory pain in Speke's hinge back tortoise. In addition, Nav1.8 are also significantly involved in the development of thermal-induced pain-related behavior in this species of reptile. However, our results do not support the involvement of Nav1.3 on the development of chemical or thermal induced pain-related behavior in the Speke's hinge back tortoise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Makau
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Philemon K Towett
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy and Physiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Titus I Kanui
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, South Eastern Kenya University, Kitui, Kenya
| | - Klas S P Abelson
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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19
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Lu H, Cao P. Neural Mechanisms Underlying the Coughing Reflex. Neurosci Bull 2023; 39:1823-1839. [PMID: 37606821 PMCID: PMC10661548 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-023-01104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Breathing is an intrinsic natural behavior and physiological process that maintains life. The rhythmic exchange of gases regulates the delicate balance of chemical constituents within an organism throughout its lifespan. However, chronic airway diseases, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, affect millions of people worldwide. Pathological airway conditions can disrupt respiration, causing asphyxia, cardiac arrest, and potential death. The innervation of the respiratory tract and the action of the immune system confer robust airway surveillance and protection against environmental irritants and pathogens. However, aberrant activation of the immune system or sensitization of the nervous system can contribute to the development of autoimmune airway disorders. Transient receptor potential ion channels and voltage-gated Na+ channels play critical roles in sensing noxious stimuli within the respiratory tract and interacting with the immune system to generate neurogenic inflammation and airway hypersensitivity. Although recent studies have revealed the involvement of nociceptor neurons in airway diseases, the further neural circuitry underlying airway protection remains elusive. Unraveling the mechanism underpinning neural circuit regulation in the airway may provide precise therapeutic strategies and valuable insights into the management of airway diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haicheng Lu
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China.
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Peng Cao
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing, 102206, China
- Tsinghua Institute of Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 102206, China
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20
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Bian Y, Tuo J, He L, Li W, Li S, Chu H, Zhao Y. Voltage-gated sodium channels in cancer and their specific inhibitors. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 251:154909. [PMID: 37939447 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) participate in generating and spreading action potentials in electrically excited cells such as neurons and muscle fibers. Abnormal expression of VGSCs has been observed in various types of tumors, while they are either not expressed or expressed at a low level in the matching normal tissue. Hence, this abnormal expression suggests that VGSCs confer some advantage or viability on tumor cells, making them a valuable indicator for identifying tumor cells. In addition, overexpression of VGSCs increased the ability of cancer cells to metastasize and invade, as well as correlated with the metastatic behavior of different cancers. Therefore, blocking VGSCs presents a new strategy for the treatment of cancers. A portion of this review summarizes the structure and function of VGSCs and also describes the correlation between VGSCs and cancers. Most importantly, we provide an overview of current research on various subtype-selective VGSC inhibitors and updates on ongoing clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Bian
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Jiale Tuo
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Liangpeng He
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China
| | - Shangxiao Li
- School of Medical Devices, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Benxi, Liaoning 117004, PR China
| | - Huiying Chu
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling and Design, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China
| | - Yongshan Zhao
- School of Life Science and Bio-Pharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, PR China.
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21
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Nair SS, Pavelkova N, Murphy CM, Kollarik M, Taylor-Clark TE. Action potential conduction in the mouse and rat vagus nerve is dependent on multiple voltage-gated sodium channels (Na V1s). J Neurophysiol 2023; 130:684-693. [PMID: 37584077 PMCID: PMC10635471 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00041.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Action potential (AP) conduction depends on voltage-gated sodium channels, of which there are nine subtypes. The vagus nerve, comprising sensory afferent fibers and efferent parasympathetic fibers, provides autonomic regulation of visceral organs, but the voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV1) subtypes involved in its AP conduction are poorly defined. We studied the A- and C-waves of electrically stimulated compound action potentials (CAPs) of the mouse and rat vagus nerves with and without NaV1 inhibitor administration: tetrodotoxin (TTX), PF-05089771 (mouse NaV1.7), ProTX-II (NaV1.7), ICA-121341 (NaV1.1, NaV1.3, and NaV1.6), LSN-3049227 (NaV1.2, NaV1.6, and NaV1.7), and A-803467 (NaV1.8). We show that TTX-sensitive NaV1 channels are essential for all vagal AP conduction. PF-05089771 but not ICA-121341 inhibited the mouse A-wave, which was abolished by LSN-3049227, suggesting roles for NaV1.7 and NaV1.2. The mouse C-wave was abolished by LSN-3049227 and a combination of PF-05089771 and ICA-121341, suggesting roles for NaV1.7 and NaV1.6. The rat A-wave was inhibited by ProTX-II, ICA-121341, and a combination of these inhibitors but only abolished by LSN-3049227, suggesting roles for NaV1.7, NaV1.6, and NaV1.2. The rat C-wave was abolished by LSN-3049227 and a combination of ProTX-II and ICA-121341, suggesting roles for NaV1.7 and NaV1.6. A-803467 also inhibited the mouse and rat CAP suggesting a cooperative role for the TTX-resistant NaV1.8. Overall, our data demonstrate that multiple NaV1 subtypes contribute to vagal CAPs, with NaV1.7 and NaV1.8 playing predominant roles and NaV1.6 and NaV1.2 contributing to a different extent based on nerve fiber type and species. Inhibition of these NaV1 may impact autonomic regulation of visceral organs.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Distinct NaV1 channels are involved in action potential (AP) initiation and conduction from afferent terminals within specific organs. Here, we have identified the NaV1 necessary for AP conduction in the entire murine and rat vagus nerve. We show TTX-sensitive channels are essential for all AP conduction, predominantly NaV1.7 with NaV1.2 and NaV1.6 playing lesser roles depending on the species and fiber type. In addition, we show that NaV1.8 is also essential for most axonal AP conduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay S Nair
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Nikoleta Pavelkova
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Claire M Murphy
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Marian Kollarik
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | - Thomas E Taylor-Clark
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Physiology, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States
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22
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Maqoud F, Tricarico D, Mallamaci R, Orlando A, Russo F. The Role of Ion Channels in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGID): Evidence of Channelopathies and Potential Avenues for Future Research and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11074. [PMID: 37446251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several gastrointestinal (GI) tract abnormalities, including visceral hypersensitivity, motility, and intestinal permeability alterations, have been implicated in functional GI disorders (FGIDs). Ion channels play a crucial role in all the functions mentioned above. Hormones and natural molecules modulate these channels and represent targets of drugs and bacterial toxins. Mutations and abnormal functional expression of ion channel subunits can lead to diseases called channelopathies. These channelopathies in gastroenterology are gaining a strong interest, and the evidence of co-relationships is increasing. In this review, we describe the correlation status between channelopathies and FGIDs. Different findings are available. Among others, mutations in the ABCC7/CFTR gene have been described as a cause of constipation and diarrhea. Mutations of the SCN5A gene are instead associated with irritable bowel syndrome. In contrast, mutations of the TRPV1 and TRPA genes of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily manifest hypersensitivity and visceral pain in sensory nerves. Recently, mice and humans affected by Cantu syndrome (CS), which is associated with the mutations of the KCNJ8 and ABCC9 genes encoding for the Kir6.1 and SUR2 subunits, showed dysfunction of contractility throughout the intestine and death in the mice after the weaning on solid food. The discovery of a correlation between channelopathies and FIGD opens new avenues for discovering new direct drug targets for specific channelopathies, leading to significant implications for diagnosing and treating functional GI diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Orlando
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
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23
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Xu YM, Wijeratne EMK, Calderon-Rivera A, Loya-López S, Perez-Miller S, Khanna R, Gunatilaka AAL. Argentatin C Analogues with Potential Antinociceptive Activity and Other Triterpenoid Constituents from the Aerial Parts of Parthenium incanum. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:20085-20095. [PMID: 37305315 PMCID: PMC10249386 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Four new triterpenes, 25-dehydroxy-25-methoxyargentatin C (1), 20S-hydroxyargentatin C (2), 20S-hydroxyisoargentatin C (3), and 24-epi-argentatin C (4), together with 10 known triterpenes (5-14) were isolated from the aerial parts of Parthenium incanum. The structures of 1-4 were elucidated by detailed analysis of their spectroscopic data, and the known compounds 5-14 were identified by comparison of their spectroscopic data with those reported. Since argentatin C (11) was found to exhibit antinociceptive activity by decreasing the excitability of rat and macaque dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons, 11 and its new analogues 1-4 were evaluated for their ability to decrease the excitability of rat DRG neurons. Of the argentatin C analogues tested, 25-dehydroxy-25-methoxyargentatin C (1) and 24-epi-argentatin C (4) decreased neuronal excitability in a manner comparable to 11. Preliminary structure-activity relationships for the action potential-reducing effects of argentatin C (11) and its analogues 1-4, and their predicted binding sites in pain-relevant voltage-gated sodium and calcium channels (VGSCs and VGCCs) in DRG neurons are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-ming Xu
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - E. M. Kithsiri Wijeratne
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - Aida Calderon-Rivera
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Santiago Loya-López
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Samantha Perez-Miller
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - Rajesh Khanna
- NYU
Pain Research Center and Department of Molecular Pathobiology, College
of Dentistry, New York University, 433 First Avenue, New York, New York 10010, United States
- Department
of Neuroscience and Physiology and Neuroscience Institute, School
of Medicine, New York University, New York, New York 10010, United States
| | - A. A. Leslie Gunatilaka
- Southwest
Center for Natural Products Research, School of Natural Resources
and the Environment, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona, 1064 E. Lowell St., Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
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24
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Wu Q, Huang J, Fan X, Wang K, Jin X, Huang G, Li J, Pan X, Yan N. Structural mapping of Na v1.7 antagonists. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3224. [PMID: 37270609 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-38942-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels are targeted by a number of widely used and investigational drugs for the treatment of epilepsy, arrhythmia, pain, and other disorders. Despite recent advances in structural elucidation of Nav channels, the binding mode of most Nav-targeting drugs remains unknown. Here we report high-resolution cryo-EM structures of human Nav1.7 treated with drugs and lead compounds with representative chemical backbones at resolutions of 2.6-3.2 Å. A binding site beneath the intracellular gate (site BIG) accommodates carbamazepine, bupivacaine, and lacosamide. Unexpectedly, a second molecule of lacosamide plugs into the selectivity filter from the central cavity. Fenestrations are popular sites for various state-dependent drugs. We show that vinpocetine, a synthetic derivative of a vinca alkaloid, and hardwickiic acid, a natural product with antinociceptive effect, bind to the III-IV fenestration, while vixotrigine, an analgesic candidate, penetrates the IV-I fenestration of the pore domain. Our results permit building a 3D structural map for known drug-binding sites on Nav channels summarized from the present and previous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Wu
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | - Xiao Fan
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Xueqin Jin
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Gaoxingyu Huang
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Key Laboratory of Structural Biology of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Biology, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiaao Li
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Xiaojing Pan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
| | - Nieng Yan
- Beijing Frontier Research Center for Biological Structures, Tsinghua-Peking Joint Center for Life Sciences, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
- Department of Molecular Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA.
- Shenzhen Medical Academy of Research and Translation, Guangming District, Shenzhen, 518107, Guangdong Province, China.
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25
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Jo S, Zhang HXB, Bean BP. Use-Dependent Relief of Inhibition of Nav1.8 Channels by A-887826. Mol Pharmacol 2023; 103:221-229. [PMID: 36635052 PMCID: PMC10029820 DOI: 10.1124/molpharm.122.000593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Sodium channel inhibitors used as local anesthetics, antiarrhythmics, or antiepileptics typically have the property of use-dependent inhibition, whereby inhibition is enhanced by repetitive channel activation. For targeting pain, Nav1.8 channels are an attractive target because they are prominent in primary pain-sensing neurons, with little or no expression in most other kinds of neurons, and a number of Nav1.8-targeted compounds have been developed. We examined the characteristics of Nav1.8 inhibition by one of the most potent Nav1.8 inhibitors so far described, A-887826, and found that when studied with physiologic resting potentials and physiologic temperatures, inhibition had strong "reverse use dependence", whereby inhibition was relieved by repetitive short depolarizations. This effect was much stronger with A-887826 than with A-803467, another Nav1.8 inhibitor. The use-dependent relief from inhibition was seen in both human Nav1.8 channels studied in a cell line and in native Nav1.8 channels in mouse dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons. In native Nav1.8 channels, substantial relief of inhibition occurred during repetitive stimulation by action potential waveforms at 5 Hz, suggesting that the phenomenon is likely important under physiologic conditions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Nav1.8 sodium channels are expressed in primary pain-sensing neurons and are a prime current target for new drugs for pain. This work shows that one of the most potent Nav1.8 inhibitors, A-887826, has the unusual property that inhibition is relieved by repeated short depolarizations. This "reverse use dependence" may reduce inhibition during physiological firing and should be selected against in drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sooyeon Jo
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | | | - Bruce P Bean
- Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
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26
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Soma K, Hitomi S, Hayashi Y, Soma C, Otsuji J, Shibuta I, Furukawa A, Urata K, Kurisu R, Yonemoto M, Hojo Y, Shirakawa T, Iwata K, Shinoda M. Neonatal injury modulates incisional pain sensitivity in adulthood: An animal study. Neuroscience 2023; 519:60-72. [PMID: 36958596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2023.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Neonatal pain experiences including traumatic injury influences negatively on development of nociceptive circuit developments, resulting in persistent pain hypersensitivity in adults. However, the detailed mechanism is not yet well understood. In the present study, to clarify the pathogenesis of orofacial pain hypersensitivity associated with neonatal injury, the involvement of the voltage-gated sodium channel (Nav) 1.8 and the C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2)/C-C chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2) signaling in the trigeminal ganglion (TG) in facial skin incisional pain hypersensitivity was examined in 190 neonatal facial-injured and sham male rats. The whisker pad skin was incised on postnatal day 4 and week 7 (Incision-Incision group). Compared to the group without neonatal incision (Sham-Incision group), mechanical hypersensitivity in the whisker pad skin was enhanced in Incision-Incision group. The number of Nav1.8-immunoreactive TG neurons and the amount of CCL2 expressed in the macrophages and satellite glial cells in the TG were increased on day 14 after re-incision in the Incision-Incision group, compared with Sham-Incision group. Blockages of Nav1.8 in the incised region and CCR2 in the TG suppressed the enhancement of mechanical hypersensitivity in the Incision-Incision group. Administration of CCL2 into the TG enhanced mechanical hypersensitivity in the Sham-Sham, Incision-Sham and Sham-Incision group. Our results suggest that neonatal facial injury accelerates the TG neuronal hyperexcitability following orofacial skin injury in adult in association with Nav1.8 overexpression via CCL2 signaling, resulting in the enhancement of orofacial incisional pain hypersensitivity in the adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumi Soma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Suzuro Hitomi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan.
| | - Yoshinori Hayashi
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Chihiro Soma
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan; Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Jo Otsuji
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan; Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Ikuko Shibuta
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Akihiko Furukawa
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Kentaro Urata
- Department of Complete Denture Prosthodontics, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Ryoko Kurisu
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan; Department of Orofacial Pain Clinic, Tokyo Medical and Dental University Hospital, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mamiko Yonemoto
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Yasushi Hojo
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Shirakawa
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Koichi Iwata
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
| | - Masamichi Shinoda
- Department of Physiology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, 1-8-13 Kandasurugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8310, Japan
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27
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Di Maio G, Villano I, Ilardi CR, Messina A, Monda V, Iodice AC, Porro C, Panaro MA, Chieffi S, Messina G, Monda M, La Marra M. Mechanisms of Transmission and Processing of Pain: A Narrative Review. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:3064. [PMID: 36833753 PMCID: PMC9964506 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20043064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Knowledge about the mechanisms of transmission and the processing of nociceptive information, both in healthy and pathological states, has greatly expanded in recent years. This rapid progress is due to a multidisciplinary approach involving the simultaneous use of different branches of study, such as systems neurobiology, behavioral analysis, genetics, and cell and molecular techniques. This narrative review aims to clarify the mechanisms of transmission and the processing of pain while also taking into account the characteristics and properties of nociceptors and how the immune system influences pain perception. Moreover, several important aspects of this crucial theme of human life will be discussed. Nociceptor neurons and the immune system play a key role in pain and inflammation. The interactions between the immune system and nociceptors occur within peripheral sites of injury and the central nervous system. The modulation of nociceptor activity or chemical mediators may provide promising novel approaches to the treatment of pain and chronic inflammatory disease. The sensory nervous system is fundamental in the modulation of the host's protective response, and understanding its interactions is pivotal in the process of revealing new strategies for the treatment of pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Girolamo Di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Rosario Ilardi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
- Department of Psychology, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, 80133 Naples, Italy
| | - Ashlei Clara Iodice
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Sergio Chieffi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Viale Pinto, 71100 Foggia, Italy
| | - Marcellino Monda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
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28
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Messina DN, Peralta ED, Seltzer AM, Patterson SI, Acosta CG. Age-dependent and modality-specific changes in the phenotypic markers Nav1.8, ASIC3, P2X3 and TRPM8 in male rat primary sensory neurons during healthy aging. Biogerontology 2023; 24:111-136. [PMID: 36478541 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-10000-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The effects during healthy aging of the tetrodotoxin-resistant voltage-gated sodium channel 1.8 (Nav1.8), the acid-sensing ion channel-3 (ASIC3), the purinergic-receptor 2X3 (P2X3) and transient receptor potential of melastatin-8 (TRPM8) on responses to non-noxious stimuli are poorly understood. These effects will influence the transferability to geriatric subjects of findings obtained using young animals. To evaluate the involvement of these functional markers in mechanical and cold sensitivity to non-noxious stimuli and their underlying mechanisms, we used a combination of immunohistochemistry and quantitation of immunostaining in sub-populations of neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG), behavioral tests, pharmacological interventions and Western-blot in healthy male Wistar rats from 3 to 24 months of age. We found significantly decreased sensitivity to mechanical and cold stimuli in geriatric rats. These behavioural alterations occurred simultaneously with differing changes in the expression of Nav1.8, ASIC3, P2X3 and TRPM8 in the DRG at different ages. Using pharmacological blockade in vivo we demonstrated the involvement of ASIC3 and P2X3 in normal mechanosensation and of Nav1.8 and ASIC3 in cold sensitivity. Geriatric rats also exhibited reductions in the number of A-like large neurons and in the proportion of peptidergic to non-peptidergic neurons. The changes in normal sensory physiology in geriatric rats we report here strongly support the inclusion of aged rodents as an important group in the design of pre-clinical studies evaluating pain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego N Messina
- Laboratorio de Estudios Neurobiológicos (LABENE), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Emanuel D Peralta
- Laboratorio de Estudios Neurobiológicos (LABENE), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Alicia M Seltzer
- Laboratorio de Estudios Neurobiológicos (LABENE), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Sean I Patterson
- Instituto de Fisiología, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Mendoza, Argentina.,Instituto de Histología y Embriología - CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Cristian G Acosta
- Laboratorio de Estudios Neurobiológicos (LABENE), Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Instituto de Histología y Embriología de Mendoza (IHEM-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina. .,Histology Laboratory 107, IHEM-Faculty of Medical Sciences, National University of Cuyo, Av. del Libertador 80, 5500, Mendoza, Argentina.
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29
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Alsaloum M, Labau JIR, Liu S, Effraim PR, Waxman SG. Stem cell-derived sensory neurons modelling inherited erythromelalgia: normalization of excitability. Brain 2023; 146:359-371. [PMID: 35088838 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Effective treatment of pain remains an unmet healthcare need that requires new and effective therapeutic approaches. NaV1.7 has been genetically and functionally validated as a mediator of pain. Preclinical studies of NaV1.7-selective blockers have shown limited success and translation to clinical studies has been limited. The degree of NaV1.7 channel blockade necessary to attenuate neuronal excitability and ameliorate pain is an unanswered question important for drug discovery. Here, we utilize dynamic clamp electrophysiology and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived sensory neurons (iPSC-SNs) to answer this question for inherited erythromelalgia, a pain disorder caused by gain-of-function mutations in Nav1.7. We show that dynamic clamp can produce hyperexcitability in iPSC-SNs associated with two different inherited erythromelalgia mutations, NaV1.7-S241T and NaV1.7-I848T. We further show that blockade of approximately 50% of NaV1.7 currents can reverse neuronal hyperexcitability to baseline levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alsaloum
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Yale Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Julie I R Labau
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Technology Assessment (KEMTA), Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, The Netherlands.,Department of Clinical Genetics, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Shujun Liu
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
| | - Philip R Effraim
- Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Department of Anesthesiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.,Center for Neuroscience and Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT 06516, USA.,Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT 06516, USA
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30
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Martinowich K, Das D, Sripathy SR, Mai Y, Kenney RF, Maher BJ. Evaluation of Na v1.8 as a therapeutic target for Pitt Hopkins Syndrome. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:76-82. [PMID: 36224259 PMCID: PMC9812766 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01811-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Pitt Hopkins Syndrome (PTHS) is a rare syndromic form of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) caused by autosomal dominant mutations in the Transcription Factor 4 (TCF4) gene. TCF4 is a basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor that is critical for neurodevelopment and brain function through its binding to cis-regulatory elements of target genes. One potential therapeutic strategy for PTHS is to identify dysregulated target genes and normalize their dysfunction. Here, we propose that SCN10A is an important target gene of TCF4 that is an applicable therapeutic approach for PTHS. Scn10a encodes the voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.8 and is consistently shown to be upregulated in PTHS mouse models. In this perspective, we review prior literature and present novel data that suggests inhibiting Nav1.8 in PTHS mouse models is effective at normalizing neuron function, brain circuit activity and behavioral abnormalities and posit this therapeutic approach as a treatment for PTHS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keri Martinowich
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Debamitra Das
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Srinidhi Rao Sripathy
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Yishan Mai
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Rakaia F. Kenney
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Brady J. Maher
- grid.429552.d0000 0004 5913 1291Lieber Institute for Brain Development, Johns Hopkins Medical Campus, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA ,grid.21107.350000 0001 2171 9311The Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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A Guide to Preclinical Models of Zoster-Associated Pain and Postherpetic Neuralgia. Curr Top Microbiol Immunol 2022; 438:189-221. [PMID: 34524508 DOI: 10.1007/82_2021_240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Reactivation of latent varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes herpes zoster (HZ), which is commonly accompanied by acute pain and pruritus over the time course of a zosteriform rash. Although the rash and associated pain are self-limiting, a considerable fraction of HZ cases will subsequently develop debilitating chronic pain states termed postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). How VZV causes acute pain and the mechanisms underlying the transition to PHN are far from clear. The human-specific nature of VZV has made in vivo modeling of pain following reactivation difficult to study because no single animal can reproduce reactivated VZV disease as observed in the clinic. Investigations of VZV pathogenesis following primary infection have benefited greatly from human tissues harbored in immune-deficient mice, but modeling of acute and chronic pain requires an intact nervous system with the capability of transmitting ascending and descending sensory signals. Several groups have found that subcutaneous VZV inoculation of the rat induces prolonged and measurable changes in nociceptive behavior, indicating sensitivity that partially mimics the development of mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia seen in HZ and PHN patients. Although it is not a model of reactivation, the rat is beginning to inform how VZV infection can evoke a pain response and induce long-lasting alterations to nociception. In this review, we will summarize the rat pain models from a practical perspective and discuss avenues that have opened for testing of novel treatments for both zoster-associated pain and chronic PHN conditions, which remain in critical need of effective therapies.
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32
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Liu XG. Normalization of Neuroinflammation: A New Strategy for Treatment of Persistent Pain and Memory/Emotional Deficits in Chronic Pain. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:5201-5233. [PMID: 36110505 PMCID: PMC9469940 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s379093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain, which affects around 1/3 of the world population and is often comorbid with memory deficit and mood depression, is a leading source of suffering and disability. Studies in past decades have shown that hyperexcitability of primary sensory neurons resulting from abnormal expression of ion channels and central sensitization mediated pathological synaptic plasticity, such as long-term potentiation in spinal dorsal horn, underlie the persistent pain. The memory/emotional deficits are associated with impaired synaptic connectivity in hippocampus. Dysregulation of numerous endogenous proteins including receptors and intracellular signaling molecules is involved in the pathological processes. However, increasing knowledge contributes little to clinical treatment. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that the neuroinflammation, characterized by overproduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines and glial activation, is reliably detected in humans and animals with chronic pain, and is sufficient to induce persistent pain and memory/emotional deficits. The abnormal expression of ion channels and pathological synaptic plasticity in spinal dorsal horn and in hippocampus are resulting from neuroinflammation. The neuroinflammation is initiated and maintained by the interactions of circulating monocytes, glial cells and neurons. Obviously, unlike infectious diseases and cancer, which are caused by pathogens or malignant cells, chronic pain is resulting from alterations of cells and molecules which have numerous physiological functions. Therefore, normalization (counterbalance) but not simple inhibition of the neuroinflammation is the right strategy for treating neuronal disorders. Currently, no such agent is available in clinic. While experimental studies have demonstrated that intracellular Mg2+ deficiency is a common feature of chronic pain in animal models and supplement Mg2+ are capable of normalizing the neuroinflammation, activation of upregulated proteins that promote recovery, such as translocator protein (18k Da) or liver X receptors, has a similar effect. In this article, relevant experimental and clinical evidence is reviewed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Guo Liu
- Pain Research Center and Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of Medicine of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People's Republic of China
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33
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Shen Y, Zheng Y, Hong D. Familial Episodic Pain Syndromes. J Pain Res 2022; 15:2505-2515. [PMID: 36051609 PMCID: PMC9427007 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s375299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, advances in genetic sequencing have opened a new world of discovery of causative genes associated with numerous pain-related syndromes. Familial episodic pain syndromes (FEPS) are one of the distinctive syndromes characterized by early-childhood onset of severe episodic pain mainly affecting the distal extremities and tend to attenuate or diminish with age. According to the phenotypic and genetic properties, FEPS at least includes four subtypes of FEPS1, FEPS2, FEPS3, and FEPS4, which are caused by mutations in the TRPA1, SCN10A, SCN11A, and SCN9A genes, respectively. Functional studies have revealed that all missense mutations in these genes are closely associated with the gain-of-function of cation channels. Because some FEPS patients may show a relative treatability and favorable prognosis, it is worth paying attention to the diagnosis and management of FEPS as early as possible. In this review, we state the common clinical manifestations, pathogenic mechanisms, and potential therapies of the disease, and provide preliminary opinions about future research for FEPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Shen
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yilei Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
| | - Daojun Hong
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China.,Department of Medical Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330006, People's Republic of China
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34
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Tenza-Ferrer H, Collodetti M, Nicolau EDS, Birbrair A, Magno LAV, Romano-Silva MA. Transiently Nav1.8-expressing neurons are capable of sensing noxious stimuli in the brain. Front Cell Neurosci 2022; 16:933874. [PMID: 36106013 PMCID: PMC9464809 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2022.933874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While current research highlights the role of Nav1. 8 sensory neurons from the peripheral nervous system, the anatomical and physiological characterization of encephalic Nav1.8 neurons remains unknown. Here, we use a Cre/fluorescent reporter mouse driven by the Nav1.8 gene promoter to reveal unexpected subpopulations of transiently-expressing Nav1.8 neurons within the limbic circuitry, a key mediator of the emotional component of pain. We observed that Nav1.8 neurons from the bed nuclei of the stria terminalis (BST), amygdala, and the periaqueductal gray (vPAG) are sensitive to noxious stimuli from an experimental model of chronic inflammatory pain. These findings identify a novel role for central Nav1.8 neurons in sensing nociception, which could be researched as a new approach to treating pain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helia Tenza-Ferrer
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Mélcar Collodetti
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Eduardo de Souza Nicolau
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Alexander Birbrair
- Departamento de Patologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
- Department of Radiology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, United States
- Alexander Birbrair
| | - Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Curso de Medicina, Universidade José do Rosário Vellano (UNIFENAS), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Pós-graduação da Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
| | - Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
- Centro de Tecnologia em Medicina Molecular, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Departamento de Saúde Mental, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG), Belo Horizonte, Brazil
- Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva
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35
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Yang H, Hou C, Xiao W, Qiu Y. The role of mechanosensitive ion channels in the gastrointestinal tract. Front Physiol 2022; 13:904203. [PMID: 36060694 PMCID: PMC9437298 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.904203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanosensation is essential for normal gastrointestinal (GI) function, and abnormalities in mechanosensation are associated with GI disorders. There are several mechanosensitive ion channels in the GI tract, namely transient receptor potential (TRP) channels, Piezo channels, two-pore domain potassium (K2p) channels, voltage-gated ion channels, large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BKCa) channels, and the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR). These channels are located in many mechanosensitive intestinal cell types, namely enterochromaffin (EC) cells, interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs), smooth muscle cells (SMCs), and intrinsic and extrinsic enteric neurons. In these cells, mechanosensitive ion channels can alter transmembrane ion currents in response to mechanical forces, through a process known as mechanoelectrical coupling. Furthermore, mechanosensitive ion channels are often associated with a variety of GI tract disorders, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and GI tumors. Mechanosensitive ion channels could therefore provide a new perspective for the treatment of GI diseases. This review aims to highlight recent research advances regarding the function of mechanosensitive ion channels in the GI tract. Moreover, it outlines the potential role of mechanosensitive ion channels in related diseases, while describing the current understanding of interactions between the GI tract and mechanosensitive ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyu Yang
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chaofeng Hou
- Experimental Center of Basic Medicine, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Weidong Xiao
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuan Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Yuan Qiu,
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36
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Kitano Y, Shinozuka T. Inhibition of Na V1.7: the possibility of ideal analgesics. RSC Med Chem 2022; 13:895-920. [PMID: 36092147 PMCID: PMC9384491 DOI: 10.1039/d2md00081d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The selective inhibition of NaV1.7 is a promising strategy for developing novel analgesic agents with fewer adverse effects. Although the potent selective inhibition of NaV1.7 has been recently achieved, multiple NaV1.7 inhibitors failed in clinical development. In this review, the relationship between preclinical in vivo efficacy and NaV1.7 coverage among three types of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) inhibitors, namely conventional VGSC inhibitors, sulphonamides and acyl sulphonamides, is discussed. By demonstrating the PK/PD discrepancy of preclinical studies versus in vivo models and clinical results, the potential reasons behind the disconnect between preclinical results and clinical outcomes are discussed together with strategies for developing ideal analgesic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yutaka Kitano
- R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. 1-2-58 Hiromachi Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 140-8710 Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Shinozuka
- R&D Division, Daiichi Sankyo Co., Ltd. 1-2-58 Hiromachi Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 140-8710 Japan
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37
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Benzalkonium chloride, a common ophthalmic preservative, compromises rat corneal cold sensitive nerve activity. Ocul Surf 2022; 26:88-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtos.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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38
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Structural basis for high-voltage activation and subtype-specific inhibition of human Na v1.8. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2208211119. [PMID: 35858452 PMCID: PMC9335304 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2208211119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain management represents an unmet healthcare need in many countries. Nav1.8 represents a potential target for developing nonaddictive analgesics. Here we present the cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of human Nav1.8 alone and bound to a selective pore blocker, A-803467. Unlike reported structures of eukaryotic Nav channels wherein the first voltage-sensing domain (VSDI) is well-resolved in one stable conformation, different conformations of VSDI are observed in the cryo-EM maps of Nav1.8. An extracellular interface between VSDI and the pore domain was identified to be a determinant for Nav1.8’s dependence on higher voltage for activation. A-803467 clenches S6IV within the central cavity. Unexpectedly, the channel selectivity for A-803467 is determined by nonligand coordinating residues through an allosteric mechanism. The dorsal root ganglia–localized voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channel Nav1.8 represents a promising target for developing next-generation analgesics. A prominent characteristic of Nav1.8 is the requirement of more depolarized membrane potential for activation. Here we present the cryogenic electron microscopy structures of human Nav1.8 alone and bound to a selective pore blocker, A-803467, at overall resolutions of 2.7 to 3.2 Å. The first voltage-sensing domain (VSDI) displays three different conformations. Structure-guided mutagenesis identified the extracellular interface between VSDI and the pore domain (PD) to be a determinant for the high-voltage dependence of activation. A-803467 was clearly resolved in the central cavity of the PD, clenching S6IV. Our structure-guided functional characterizations show that two nonligand binding residues, Thr397 on S6I and Gly1406 on S6III, allosterically modulate the channel’s sensitivity to A-803467. Comparison of available structures of human Nav channels suggests the extracellular loop region to be a potential site for developing subtype-specific pore-blocking biologics.
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39
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Elleman AV, Du Bois J. Chemical and Biological Tools for the Study of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels in Electrogenesis and Nociception. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202100625. [PMID: 35315190 PMCID: PMC9359671 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The malfunction and misregulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV s) underlie in large part the electrical hyperexcitability characteristic of chronic inflammatory and neuropathic pain. NaV s are responsible for the initiation and propagation of electrical impulses (action potentials) in cells. Tissue and nerve injury alter the expression and localization of multiple NaV isoforms, including NaV 1.1, 1.3, and 1.6-1.9, resulting in aberrant action potential firing patterns. To better understand the role of NaV regulation, localization, and trafficking in electrogenesis and pain pathogenesis, a number of chemical and biological reagents for interrogating NaV function have been advanced. The development and application of such tools for understanding NaV physiology are the focus of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna V Elleman
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - J Du Bois
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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40
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Patel MV, Peltier HM, Matulenko MA, Koenig JR, C Scanio MJ, Gum RJ, El-Kouhen OF, Fricano MM, Lundgaard GL, Neelands T, Zhang XF, Zhan C, Pai M, Ghoreishi-Haack N, Hudzik T, Gintant G, Martin R, McGaraughty S, Xu J, Bow D, Kalvass JC, Kym PR, DeGoey DA, Kort ME. Discovery of (R)-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)(6-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)quinolin-2-yl)methanone (ABBV-318) and analogs as small molecule Na v1.7/ Nav1.8 blockers for the treatment of pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 63:116743. [PMID: 35436748 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The voltage-gated sodium channel Nav1.7 is an attractive target for the treatment of pain based on the high level of target validation with genetic evidence linking Nav1.7 to pain in humans. Our effort to identify selective, CNS-penetrant Nav1.7 blockers with oral activity, improved selectivity, good drug-like properties, and safety led to the discovery of 2-substituted quinolines and quinolones as potent small molecule Nav1.7 blockers. The design of these molecules focused on maintaining potency at Nav1.7, improving selectivity over the hERG channel, and overcoming phospholipidosis observed with the initial leads. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies leading to the discovery of (R)-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)(6-((5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)oxy)quinolin-2-yl)methanone (ABBV-318) are described herein. ABBV-318 displayed robust in vivo efficacy in both inflammatory and neuropathic rodent models of pain. ABBV-318 also inhibited Nav1.8, another sodium channel isoform that is an active target for the development of new pain treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meena V Patel
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA.
| | - Hillary M Peltier
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Mark A Matulenko
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - John R Koenig
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Marc J C Scanio
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Rebecca J Gum
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Odile F El-Kouhen
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Meagan M Fricano
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Greta L Lundgaard
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Torben Neelands
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Xu-Feng Zhang
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Cenchen Zhan
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Madhavi Pai
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | | | - Thomas Hudzik
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Gary Gintant
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Ruth Martin
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Steve McGaraughty
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Jun Xu
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Daniel Bow
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - John C Kalvass
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Philip R Kym
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - David A DeGoey
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
| | - Michael E Kort
- AbbVie, Research and Development, 1 North Waukegan Road, North Chicago, IL 60064, USA
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41
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Hartung JE, Moy JK, Loeza-Alcocer E, Nagarajan V, Jostock R, Christoph T, Schroeder W, Gold MS. Voltage-gated calcium currents in human dorsal root ganglion neurons. Pain 2022; 163:e774-e785. [PMID: 34510139 PMCID: PMC8882208 DOI: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Voltage-gated calcium channels in sensory neurons underlie processes ranging from neurotransmitter release to gene expression and remain a therapeutic target for the treatment of pain. Yet virtually all we know about voltage-gated calcium channels has been obtained through the study of rodent sensory neurons and heterologously expressed channels. To address this, high voltage-activated (HVA) Ca2+ currents in dissociated human and rat dorsal root ganglion neurons were characterized with whole-cell patch clamp techniques. The HVA currents from both species shared basic biophysical and pharmacological properties. However, HVA currents in human neurons differed from those in the rat in at least 3 potentially important ways: (1) Ca2+ current density was significantly smaller, (2) the proportion of nifedipine-sensitive currents was far greater, and (3) a subpopulation of human neurons displayed relatively large constitutive current inhibition. These results highlight the need to for the study of native proteins in their native environment before initiating costly clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane E Hartung
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | - Jamie K Moy
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | | | - Vidhya Nagarajan
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Michael S Gold
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Neurobiology, PA, USA
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42
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Modulation of KIF17/NR2B crosstalk by tozasertib attenuates inflammatory pain in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:549-563. [PMID: 35243557 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-00948-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Chronic pain is among the most burdensome and devastating disorders affecting millions of people worldwide. Recent studies suggest the role of kinesin nanomotors in development and maintenance of chronic pain. KIF17 is a member of kinesin superfamily that binds to NR2B cargo system via mLin10 scaffolding protein and makes the NMDARs functional at cell surface. NMDA receptor activation is known to induce the central sensitization and excitotoxicity which can be recognized by the glial cells followed by the release of cytokine storm at spinal and supraspinal level leading to chronic pain. In this study, we have investigated the role of aurora kinase in the regulation of KIF17 and NR2B trafficking in the animal model of chronic inflammatory pain. Tozasertib (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg i.p.), a pan aurora kinase inhibitor, significantly attenuates acute inflammatory pain and suppresses enhanced pain hypersensitivity to heat, cold, and mechanical stimuli in CFA-injected rats. Molecular investigations suggest enhanced expression of KIF17/mLin10/NR2B in L4-L5 dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal cord of CFA-injected rats which was significantly attenuated on treatment with tozasertib. Moreover, tozasertib treatment significantly attenuated CFA-induced oxido-nitrosative stress and macrophage activation in DRG and microglia activation in spinal cord of rats. Findings from the current study suggest that tozasertib mediates anti-nociceptive activity by inhibiting aurora kinase-mediated KIF17/mLin10/NR2B signaling.
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43
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Multitarget nociceptor sensitization by a promiscuous peptide from the venom of the King Baboon spider. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2110932119. [PMID: 35074873 PMCID: PMC8812547 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2110932119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The King Baboon spider, Pelinobius muticus, is a burrowing African tarantula. Its impressive size and appealing coloration are tempered by reports describing severe localized pain, swelling, itchiness, and muscle cramping after accidental envenomation. Hyperalgesia is the most prominent symptom after bites from P. muticus, but the molecular basis by which the venom induces pain is unknown. Proteotranscriptomic analysis of P. muticus venom uncovered a cysteine-rich peptide, δ/κ-theraphotoxin-Pm1a (δ/κ-TRTX-Pm1a), that elicited nocifensive behavior when injected into mice. In small dorsal root ganglion neurons, synthetic δ/κ-TRTX-Pm1a (sPm1a) induced hyperexcitability by enhancing tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium currents, impairing repolarization and lowering the threshold of action potential firing, consistent with the severe pain associated with envenomation. The molecular mechanism of nociceptor sensitization by sPm1a involves multimodal actions over several ion channel targets, including NaV1.8, KV2.1, and tetrodotoxin-sensitive NaV channels. The promiscuous targeting of peptides like δ/κ-TRTX-Pm1a may be an evolutionary adaptation in pain-inducing defensive venoms.
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44
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Alsaloum M, Waxman SG. iPSCs and DRGs: stepping stones to new pain therapies. Trends Mol Med 2022; 28:110-122. [PMID: 34933815 PMCID: PMC8810720 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
There is a pressing need for more effective nonaddictive treatment options for pain. Pain signals are transmitted from the periphery into the spinal cord via dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, whose excitability is driven by voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels. Three NaV channels (NaV1.7, NaV1.8, and NaV1.9), preferentially expressed in DRG neurons, play important roles in pain signaling in humans. Blockade of these channels may provide a novel approach to the treatment of pain, but clinical translation of preclinical results has been challenging, in part due to differences between rodent and human DRG neurons. Human DRG neurons and iPSC-derived sensory neurons (iPSC-SNs) provide new preclinical platforms that may facilitate the development of novel pain therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Alsaloum
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA; Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA; Yale Medical Scientist Training Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Interdepartmental Neuroscience Program, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Stephen G Waxman
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Center for Neuroscience & Regeneration Research, Yale University, West Haven, CT, USA; Center for Rehabilitation Research, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, West Haven, CT, USA.
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Britton OJ, Rodriguez B. A population of in silico models identifies the interplay between Nav 1.8 conductance and potassium currents as key in regulating human dorsal root ganglion neuron excitability. F1000Res 2022; 11:104. [PMID: 39290372 PMCID: PMC11406138 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.74551.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 09/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: The Nav 1.8 sodium channel has a key role in generating repetitive action potentials in nociceptive human dorsal root ganglion neurons. Nav 1.8 is differentiated from other voltage-gated sodium channels by its unusually slow inactivation kinetics and depolarised voltage-dependence of activation. These features are particularly pronounced in the human Nav 1.8 channel and allow the channel to remain active during repolarisation. Gain-of-function mutations in Nav 1.8 have been linked to neuropathic pain and selective blockers of Nav 1.8 have been developed as potential new analgesics. However, it is not well understood how modulating the Nav 1.8 conductance alters neuronal excitability and how this depends on the balance of other ion channels expressed by nociceptive neurons. Methods: To investigate this, we developed a novel computational model of the human dorsal root ganglion neuron and used it to construct a population of models that mimicked inter-neuronal heterogeneity in ionic conductances and action potential morphology Results: By simulating changes to the Nav 1.8 conductance in the population of models, we found that moderately increasing the Nav 1.8 conductance led to increased firing rate, as expected, but increasing Nav 1.8 conductance beyond an inflection point caused firing rate to decrease. We found that the delayed rectifier and M-type potassium conductances were also critical for determining neuronal excitability. In particular, altering the delayed rectifier potassium conductance shifted the position of the Nav 1.8 inflection point and therefore the relationship between Nav 1.8 conductance and firing rate. Conclusions: Our results suggest that the effects of modulating Nav 1.8 in a nociceptive neuron can depend significantly on other conductances, particularly potassium conductances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver J Britton
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QD, UK
| | - Blanca Rodriguez
- Department of Computer Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3QD, UK
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Deuis JR, Ragnarsson L, Robinson SD, Dekan Z, Chan L, Jin AH, Tran P, McMahon KL, Li S, Wood JN, Cox JJ, King GF, Herzig V, Vetter I. The Tarantula Venom Peptide Eo1a Binds to the Domain II S3-S4 Extracellular Loop of Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel Na V1.8 to Enhance Activation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:789570. [PMID: 35095499 PMCID: PMC8795738 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.789570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Venoms from cone snails and arachnids are a rich source of peptide modulators of voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, however relatively few venom-derived peptides with activity at the mammalian NaV1.8 subtype have been isolated. Here, we describe the discovery and functional characterisation of β-theraphotoxin-Eo1a, a peptide from the venom of the Tanzanian black and olive baboon tarantula Encyocratella olivacea that modulates NaV1.8. Eo1a is a 37-residue peptide that increases NaV1.8 peak current (EC50 894 ± 146 nM) and causes a large hyperpolarising shift in both the voltage-dependence of activation (ΔV50-20.5 ± 1.2 mV) and steady-state fast inactivation (ΔV50-15.5 ± 1.8 mV). At a concentration of 10 μM, Eo1a has varying effects on the peak current and channel gating of NaV1.1-NaV1.7, although its activity is most pronounced at NaV1.8. Investigations into the binding site of Eo1a using NaV1.7/NaV1.8 chimeras revealed a critical contribution of the DII S3-S4 extracellular loop of NaV1.8 to toxin activity. Results from this work may form the basis for future studies that lead to the rational design of spider venom-derived peptides with improved potency and selectivity at NaV1.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer R. Deuis
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Samuel D. Robinson
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Zoltan Dekan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Lerena Chan
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ai-Hua Jin
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Poanna Tran
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kirsten L. McMahon
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Shengnan Li
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - John N. Wood
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James J. Cox
- Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Glenn F. King
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Innovations in Peptide and Protein Science, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Volker Herzig
- GeneCology Research Centre, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
- School of Science, Technology and Engineering, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD, Australia
| | - Irina Vetter
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia
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Velichkova AN, Coleman SE, Torsney C. Postoperative pain facilitates rat C-fibre activity-dependent slowing and induces thermal hypersensitivity in a sex-dependent manner. Br J Anaesth 2022; 128:718-733. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bja.2021.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Alles SRA, Smith PA. Peripheral Voltage-Gated Cation Channels in Neuropathic Pain and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. FRONTIERS IN PAIN RESEARCH 2021; 2:750583. [PMID: 35295464 PMCID: PMC8915663 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2021.750583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of increased excitability and spontaneous activity in injured peripheral neurons is imperative for the development and persistence of many forms of neuropathic pain. This aberrant activity involves increased activity and/or expression of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels and hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels as well as decreased function of K+ channels. Because they display limited central side effects, peripherally restricted Na+ and Ca2+ channel blockers and K+ channel activators offer potential therapeutic approaches to pain management. This review outlines the current status and future therapeutic promise of peripherally acting channel modulators. Selective blockers of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Cav3.2, and HCN2 and activators of Kv7.2 abrogate signs of neuropathic pain in animal models. Unfortunately, their performance in the clinic has been disappointing; some substances fail to meet therapeutic end points whereas others produce dose-limiting side effects. Despite this, peripheral voltage-gated cation channels retain their promise as therapeutic targets. The way forward may include (i) further structural refinement of K+ channel activators such as retigabine and ASP0819 to improve selectivity and limit toxicity; use or modification of Na+ channel blockers such as vixotrigine, PF-05089771, A803467, PF-01247324, VX-150 or arachnid toxins such as Tap1a; the use of Ca2+ channel blockers such as TTA-P2, TTA-A2, Z 944, ACT709478, and CNCB-2; (ii) improving methods for assessing "pain" as opposed to nociception in rodent models; (iii) recognizing sex differences in pain etiology; (iv) tailoring of therapeutic approaches to meet the symptoms and etiology of pain in individual patients via quantitative sensory testing and other personalized medicine approaches; (v) targeting genetic and biochemical mechanisms controlling channel expression using anti-NGF antibodies such as tanezumab or re-purposed drugs such as vorinostat, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor used in the management of T-cell lymphoma, or cercosporamide a MNK 1/2 inhibitor used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; (vi) combination therapy using drugs that are selective for different channel types or regulatory processes; (vii) directing preclinical validation work toward the use of human or human-derived tissue samples; and (viii) application of molecular biological approaches such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha R A Alles
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Peter A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Al-Kandery ASA, Rao MS, El-Hashim AZ. Prostaglandin E 2 sensitizes the cough reflex centrally via EP3 receptor-dependent activation of NaV 1.8 channels. Respir Res 2021; 22:296. [PMID: 34794450 PMCID: PMC8603488 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-021-01889-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cough hypersensitivity is a major characteristic feature associated with several types of cough, including chronic cough, but its underlying mechanisms remain to be fully understood. Inflammatory mediators, such as prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), have been implicated in both peripheral induction and sensitization of the cough reflex. In this study, using a conscious guinea pig model of cough, we investigated whether PGE2 can sensitize the cough reflex via central actions and, if so, via which mechanisms. Methods All drugs were administered by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) route and whole-body plethysmograph set-up was used for both induction, using aerosolized citric acid (0.2 M), and recording of cough. Immunohistochemistry was performed to confirm the expression of NaV 1.8 channels in the nucleus tractus solitarius (nTS). Results We show that both PGE2 and the non-selective EP1/EP3 agonist, sulprostone, dose-dependently enhanced the citric acid-induced cough (P ≤ 0.001, P ≤ 0.01, respectively). Pretreatment with the EP1 antagonist, ONO-8130, did not affect the sulprostone-induced cough sensitization, whilst the EP3 antagonist, L-798,106, dose-dependently inhibited this effect (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, treatment with either the EP2 agonist, butaprost or the EP4 agonist, L-902,688, had no effect on cough sensitization. Additionally, pretreatment with either the TRPV1 antagonist, JNJ-17203212 or the TRPA1 antagonist, HC-030031, alone or in combination, nor with the NaV 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.6 and 1.7 channel blocker, tetrodotoxin, had any effect on the cough. In contrast, pretreatment with the NaV 1.8 antagonist, A-803467, dose-dependently inhibited this effect (P ≤ 0.05). Furthermore, NaV 1.8 channels were shown to be expressed in the nTS. Conclusion Collectively, our findings show that PGE2 sensitizes the cough reflex centrally via EP3 receptor-dependent activation of NaV 1.8 but independently of TRPV1,TRPA1 and TTX-sensitive sodium channel activation. These results indicate that PGE2 plays an important role in central sensitization of the cough reflex and suggest that central EP3 receptors and/or NaVv 1.8 channels may represent novel antitussive molecular targets. Graphical Abstract ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Al-Shaimaa A Al-Kandery
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Muddanna S Rao
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait
| | - Ahmed Z El-Hashim
- Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kuwait University, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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Lim XR, Bradley E, Griffin CS, Hollywood MA, Sergeant GP, Thornbury KD. Fast voltage-dependent sodium (Na V ) currents are functionally expressed in mouse corpus cavernosum smooth muscle cells. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:1082-1101. [PMID: 34767251 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Corpus cavernosum smooth muscle (CCSM) exhibits phasic contractions that are coordinated by ion channels. Mouse models are commonly used to study erectile dysfunction, but there are few published electrophysiological studies of mouse CCSM. We describe, for the first time, voltage-dependent sodium (NaV ) currents in mouse CCSM and investigate their function. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Electrophysiological, pharmacological, and immunocytochemical studies on isolated CCSM cells. Tension measurements in whole tissue. KEY RESULTS A fast, voltage-dependent sodium current was induced by depolarising steps. Steady-state activation and inactivation curves revealed a window current between -60 and -30 mV. Two populations of NaV currents, ('TTX-sensitive') and ('TTX-insensitive'), were distinguished. TTX-sensitive current showed 48% block with the NaV -subtype-specific blockers ICA-121431 (NaV 1.1-1.3), PF-05089771 (NaV 1.7), and 4,9-anhydro-TTX (NaV 1.6). TTX-insensitive current was insensitive to A803467, a NaV 1.8 blocker. Immunocytochemistry confirmed the expression of NaV 1.5 and NaV 1.4 in freshly dispersed CCSM cells. Veratridine, a NaV activator, reduced time-dependent inactivation of the current and increased the duration of evoked action potentials. Veratridine induced phasic contractions in CCSM strips. This effect was reversible with TTX and nifedipine but not by KB-R7943. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS We report, for the first time, a fast voltage-dependent sodium current in mouse CCSM. Stimulation of this current increases the contractility of corpus cavernosum in vitro, suggesting that it may contribute to the mechanisms of detumescence, and potentially serve as a clinically relevant target for pharmaceutical intervention in erectile dysfunction. Further work will be necessary to define its role.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Keith D Thornbury
- Smooth Muscle Research Centre Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dublin, Ireland
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