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Agarwal K, Mehta SK, Mondal PK. Unveiling nutrient flow-mediated stress in plant roots using an on-chip phytofluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2024; 24:3775-3789. [PMID: 38952240 DOI: 10.1039/d4lc00180j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
The initial emergence of the primary root from a germinating seed is a pivotal phase that influences a plant's survival. Abiotic factors such as pH, nutrient availability, and soil composition significantly affect root morphology and architecture. Of particular interest is the impact of nutrient flow on thigmomorphogenesis, a response to mechanical stimulation in early root growth, which remains largely unexplored. This study explores the intricate factors influencing early root system development, with a focus on the cooperative correlation between nutrient uptake and its flow dynamics. Using a physiologically as well as ecologically relevant, portable, and cost-effective microfluidic system for the controlled fluid environments offering hydraulic conductivity comparable to that of the soil, this study analyzes the interplay between nutrient flow and root growth post-germination. Emphasizing the relationship between root growth and nitrogen uptake, the findings reveal that nutrient flow significantly influences early root morphology, leading to increased length and improved nutrient uptake, varying with the flow rate. The experimental findings are supported by mechanical and plant stress-related fluid flow-root interaction simulations and quantitative determination of nitrogen uptake using the total Kjeldahl nitrogen (TKN) method. The microfluidic approach offers novel insights into plant root dynamics under controlled flow conditions, filling a critical research gap. By providing a high-resolution platform, this study contributes to the understanding of how fluid-flow-assisted nutrient uptake and pressure affect root cell behavior, which, in turn, induces mechanical stress leading to thigmomorphogenesis. The findings hold implications for comprehending root responses to changing environmental conditions, paving the way for innovative agricultural and environmental management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushal Agarwal
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
| | - Sumit Kumar Mehta
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- School of Agro and Rural Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India.
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Processes Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781039, India
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Lopes IG, Wiklicky V, Vinnerås B, Yong JWH, Lalander C. Recirculating frass from food waste bioconversion using black soldier fly larvae: Impacts on process efficiency and product quality. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 366:121869. [PMID: 39029172 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.121869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/21/2024]
Abstract
Biowaste generation is increasing worldwide and inadequate disposal has strong negative impacts on food systems and ecosystems. Biodigestion of biowaste using black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae (BSFL) generates valuable by-products such as animal feed (larval biomass) and organic fertiliser (frass). However, the latter is typically unstable immediately after waste conversion and is thus unsafe for use as a fertilizer in terms of maturity. This study evaluated recirculation of frass within bioconversion of post-consumer food waste (FW) as a dietary component for BSFL to improve the quality of the subsequent frass obtained. Frass was introduced at increasing inclusion levels replacing food waste (2.5-100% on wet-weight basis) as part of the larvae's feeding substrate. Bioconversion efficiency and material reduction were significantly reduced by frass inclusion, while larval yield per experimental unit remained unchanged. When considering only the waste component in the larval diet, larval yield (dry-weight basis) ranged between 207 (0% frass inclusion) and 403 (40% frass inclusion) kg tonne FW-1, thus increasing by up to 94% at higher frass inclusion. With increasing dietary inclusion rate of frass from 0% to 100%, crude protein content of larval biomass increased by 41%, while fat content was reduced by 32%. The recirculated frass (obtained after including frass in the larval diet) had elevated concentrations of P, K, S, Na and B and around 6% lower organic matter content, demonstrating a higher degree of decomposition. Frass inclusion in the larval diet generated recirculated frass that were more stable and mature, as indicated by self-heating capacity, CO2 and NH3 volatilisation, seed germination bioassays and other parameters. It was concluded that frass recirculation improves waste bioconversion efficiency in relation to food waste unit, as well as larval biomass and frass quality, ensuring safer use as a fertilizer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivã Guidini Lopes
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden.
| | - Viktoria Wiklicky
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Björn Vinnerås
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jean Wan Hong Yong
- Department of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Cecilia Lalander
- Department of Energy and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
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Li J, Lardon R, Mangelinckx S, Geelen D. A practical guide to the discovery of biomolecules with biostimulant activity. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2024; 75:3797-3817. [PMID: 38630561 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erae156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
The growing demand for sustainable solutions in agriculture, which are critical for crop productivity and food quality in the face of climate change and the need to reduce agrochemical usage, has brought biostimulants into the spotlight as valuable tools for regenerative agriculture. With their diverse biological activities, biostimulants can contribute to crop growth, nutrient use efficiency, and abiotic stress resilience, as well as to the restoration of soil health. Biomolecules include humic substances, protein lysates, phenolics, and carbohydrates have undergone thorough investigation because of their demonstrated biostimulant activities. Here, we review the process of the discovery and development of extract-based biostimulants, and propose a practical step-by-step pipeline that starts with initial identification of biomolecules, followed by extraction and isolation, determination of bioactivity, identification of active compound(s), elucidation of mechanisms, formulation, and assessment of effectiveness. The different steps generate a roadmap that aims to expedite the transfer of interdisciplinary knowledge from laboratory-scale studies to pilot-scale production in practical scenarios that are aligned with the prevailing regulatory frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- HortiCell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Robin Lardon
- HortiCell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sven Mangelinckx
- SynBioC, Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Danny Geelen
- HortiCell, Department Plants and Crops, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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Tabassum N, Ahmed HI, Parween S, Sheikh AH, Saad MM, Krattinger SG, Hirt H. Host genotype, soil composition, and geo-climatic factors shape the fonio seed microbiome. MICROBIOME 2024; 12:11. [PMID: 38233870 PMCID: PMC10792890 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-023-01725-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fonio (Digitaria exilis), an orphan millet crop, is the oldest indigenous crop in West Africa. Although the yield is low due to pre-domestication characteristics, the quick maturation time, drought tolerance, and the ability to thrive on poor soils make fonio a climate-smart crop. Being holobionts, plants evolve in close interaction with microbial partners, which is crucial for plant phenology and fitness. As seeds are the bottleneck of vertically transmitting plant microbiota, we proposed to unravel the seed microbiome of the under-domesticated and resilient crop fonio. Our study investigated the bacterial seed endophyte diversity across 126 sequenced fonio accessions from distinct locations in West Africa. We conducted a correlation study of the structures and functions of the seed-associated microbiomes with the native geo-climate and soil structure data. We also performed Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to identify genetic loci associated with seed endophyte diversity. RESULT We report that fonio millet has diverse heritable seed endophytic taxa. We analyzed the seed microbiomes of 126 fonio accessions and showed that despite the diversity of microbiomes from distinct geographical locations, all fonio genetic groups share a core microbiome. In addition, we observed that native soil composition, geo-climatic factors, and host genotype correlate with the seed microbiomes. GWAS analysis of genetic loci associated with endophyte seed bacterial diversity identified fonio SNPs associated with genes functioning in embryo development and stress/defense response. CONCLUSION Analysis of the seed endophyte of the climate-smart crop fonio indicated that despite possessing a heritable core microbiome, native conditions may shape the overall fonio seed microbiomes in different populations. These distinct microbiomes could play important roles in the adaptation of fonio to different environmental conditions. Our study identified the seed microbiome as a potential target for enhancing crop resilience to climate stress in a sustainable way. Video Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Tabassum
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hanin Ibrahim Ahmed
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sabiha Parween
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arsheed H Sheikh
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged M Saad
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Simon G Krattinger
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Heribert Hirt
- Plant Science Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
- Center for Desert Agriculture, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division (BESE), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), 23955-6900, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
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Carlson CM, Thomas S, Keating MW, Soto P, Gibbs NM, Chang H, Wiepz JK, Austin AG, Schneider JR, Morales R, Johnson CJ, Pedersen JA. Plants as vectors for environmental prion transmission. iScience 2023; 26:108428. [PMID: 38077138 PMCID: PMC10700824 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Prions cause fatal neurodegenerative diseases and exhibit remarkable durability, which engenders a wide array of potential exposure scenarios. In chronic wasting disease of deer, elk, moose, and reindeer and in scrapie of sheep and goats, prions are transmitted via environmental routes and the ability of plants to accumulate and subsequently transmit prions has been hypothesized, but not previously demonstrated. Here, we establish the ability of several crop and other plant species to take up prions via their roots and translocate them to above-ground tissues from various growth media including soils. We demonstrate that plants can accumulate prions in above-ground tissues to levels sufficient to transmit disease after oral ingestion by mice. Our results suggest plants may serve as vectors for prion transmission in the environment-a finding with implications for wildlife conservation, agriculture, and public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Carlson
- Cellular and Molecular Biology Program, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
- U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Samuel Thomas
- Department of Soil Science, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Matthew W. Keating
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Paulina Soto
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Nicole M. Gibbs
- U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Haeyoon Chang
- U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Jamie K. Wiepz
- U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Annabel G. Austin
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jay R. Schneider
- U.S. Geological Survey National Wildlife Health Center, Madison, WI 53711, USA
| | - Rodrigo Morales
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Centro Integrativo de Biologia y Quimica Aplicada (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Joel A. Pedersen
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
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Yang Y, Zhang Y, Sun Z, Shen Z, Li Y, Guo Y, Feng Y, Sun S, Guo M, Hu Z, Yan C. Knocking Out OsAAP11 to Improve Rice Grain Quality Using CRISPR/Cas9 System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14360. [PMID: 37762662 PMCID: PMC10532004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The demand for rice grain quality, particularly in terms of eating and cooking quality, is increasingly concerning at present. However, the limited availability of rice-quality-related gene resources and time-consuming and inefficient traditional breeding methods have severely hindered the pace of rice grain quality improvement. Exploring novel methods for improving rice grain quality and creating new germplasms is an urgent problem that needs to be addressed. In this study, an amino-acid-transporter-encoding gene OsAAP11 (Os11g0195600) mainly expressed in endosperm was selected as the target for gene editing using the CRISPR/Cas9 system in three japonica genetic backgrounds (Wuyungeng30, Nangeng9108, and Yanggeng158, hereafter referred to as WYG30, NG9108, and YG158). We successfully obtained homozygous osaap11 mutants without transgenic insertion. Subsequently, we conducted comprehensive investigations on the agronomic traits, rice grain quality traits, and transcriptomic analysis of these mutants. The results demonstrate that loss of OsAAP11 function led to a reduced amino acid content and total protein content in grains without affecting the agronomic traits of the plants; meanwhile, it significantly increased the peak viscosity, holding viscosity, and final viscosity values during the cooking process, thereby enhancing the eating and cooking quality. This study not only provides valuable genetic resources and fundamental materials for improving rice grain quality but also provides novel technical support for the rapid enhancement of rice grain quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Changjie Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Y.); (S.S.)
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Dima ȘO, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Tritean N, Ghiurea M, Capră L, Nicolae CA, Faraon V, Neamțu C, Oancea F. Spectroscopic Analyses Highlight Plant Biostimulant Effects of Baker's Yeast Vinasse and Selenium on Cabbage through Foliar Fertilization. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3016. [PMID: 37631226 PMCID: PMC10458166 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to find relevant analytic fingerprints for plants' structural characterization using spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) as alternative methods, particularized on cabbage treated with selenium-baker's yeast vinasse formulation (Se-VF) included in a foliar fertilizer formula. The hypothesis investigated is that Se-VF will induce significant structural changes compared with the control, analytically confirming the biofortification of selenium-enriched cabbage as a nutritive vegetable, and particularly the plant biostimulant effects of the applied Se-VF formulation on cabbage grown in the field. The TGA evidenced a structural transformation of the molecular building blocks in the treated cabbage leaves. The ash residues increased after treatment, suggesting increased mineral accumulation in leaves. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidenced a pectin-Iα-cellulose structure of cabbage that correlated with each other in terms of leaf crystallinity. FTIR analysis suggested the accumulation of unesterified pectin and possibly (seleno) glucosinolates and an increased network of hydrogen bonds. The treatment with Se-VF formulation induced a significant increase in the soluble fibers of the inner leaves, accompanied by a decrease in the insoluble fibers. The ratio of soluble/insoluble fibers correlated with the crystallinity determined by XRD and with the FTIR data. The employed analytic techniques can find practical applications as fast methods in studies of the effects of new agrotechnical practices, while in our particular case study, they revealed effects specific to plant biostimulants of the Se-VF formulation treatment: enhanced mineral utilization and improved quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefan-Ovidiu Dima
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Naomi Tritean
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenței nr. 91-95, Sector 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Ghiurea
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Luiza Capră
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Cristian-Andi Nicolae
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Victor Faraon
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Constantin Neamțu
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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Bělonožníková K, Černý M, Hýsková V, Synková H, Valcke R, Hodek O, Křížek T, Kavan D, Vaňková R, Dobrev P, Haisel D, Ryšlavá H. Casein as protein and hydrolysate: Biostimulant or nitrogen source for Nicotiana tabacum plants grown in vitro? PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2023; 175:e13973. [PMID: 37402155 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
In contrast to inorganic nitrogen (N) assimilation, the role of organic N forms, such as proteins and peptides, as sources of N and their impact on plant metabolism remains unclear. Simultaneously, organic biostimulants are used as priming agents to improve plant defense response. Here, we analysed the metabolic response of tobacco plants grown in vitro with casein hydrolysate or protein. As the sole source of N, casein hydrolysate enabled tobacco growth, while protein casein was used only to a limited extent. Free amino acids were detected in the roots of tobacco plants grown with protein casein but not in the plants grown with no source of N. Combining hydrolysate with inorganic N had beneficial effects on growth, root N uptake and protein content. The metabolism of casein-supplemented plants shifted to aromatic (Trp), branched-chain (Ile, Leu, Val) and basic (Arg, His, Lys) amino acids, suggesting their preferential uptake and/or alterations in their metabolic pathways. Complementarily, proteomic analysis of tobacco roots identified peptidase C1A and peptidase S10 families as potential key players in casein degradation and response to N starvation. Moreover, amidases were significantly upregulated, most likely for their role in ammonia release and impact on auxin synthesis. In phytohormonal analysis, both forms of casein influenced phenylacetic acid and cytokinin contents, suggesting a root system response to scarce N availability. In turn, metabolomics highlighted the stimulation of some plant defense mechanisms under such growth conditions, that is, the high concentrations of secondary metabolites (e.g., ferulic acid) and heat shock proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kateřina Bělonožníková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Černý
- Department of Molecular Biology and Radiobiology, Faculty of AgriSciences, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Hýsková
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Synková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Roland Valcke
- Molecular and Physical Plant Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Ondřej Hodek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Křížek
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Kavan
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
| | - Radomíra Vaňková
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Haisel
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, Praha 6, Czech Republic
| | - Helena Ryšlavá
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
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Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Effects of Allelopathic Compounds Identified in Medicago sativa L. Seedling Exudate against Escherichia coli. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062645. [PMID: 36985619 PMCID: PMC10056293 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the allelopathic properties of Medicago sativa L. (alfalfa) seedling exudates on the germination of seeds of various species were investigated. The compounds responsible for the allelopathic effects of alfalfa were identified and characterized by employing liquid chromatography ion mobility high-resolution mass spectrometry. Crude exudates inhibited the germination of seeds of all various plant species tested. Overall, nine compounds in alfalfa were identified and quantified. The most predominant compounds were a hyperoside representing a flavonoid glucoside, the non-proteinogenic amino acid canavanine, and two dipeptides, identified as H-Glu-Tyr-OH and H-Phe-Glu-OH. The latter corresponds to the first finding that dipeptides are exuded from alfalfa seedlings. In addition, the antibacterial and antibiofilm activities of alfalfa exudate and its identified compounds were elucidated. Both hyperoside and canavanine revealed the best antibacterial activity with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values that ranged from 8 to 32 and 32 to 256 µg/mL, respectively. Regarding the antibiofilm action, hyperoside and canavanine caused a decline in the percentage of E. coli isolates that possessed a strong and moderate biofilm-forming potential from 68.42% to 21.05% and 31.58%, respectively. Studies on their inhibiting effects exhibit that these major substances are predominantly responsible for the allelopathic and antimicrobial effects of the crude exudates.
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Sardans J, Lambers H, Preece C, Alrefaei AF, Penuelas J. Role of mycorrhizas and root exudates in plant uptake of soil nutrients (calcium, iron, magnesium, and potassium): has the puzzle been completely solved? THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 36917083 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic global change is driving an increase in the frequency and intensity of drought and flood events, along with associated imbalances and limitation of several soil nutrients. In the context of an increasing human population, these impacts represent a global-scale challenge for biodiversity conservation and sustainable crop production to ensure food security. Plants have evolved strategies to enhance uptake of soil nutrients under environmental stress conditions; for example, symbioses with fungi (mycorrhization) in the rhizosphere and the release of exudates from roots. Although crop cultivation is managed for the effects of limited availability of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P), there is increasing evidence for limitation of plant growth and fitness because of the low availability of other soil nutrients such as the metals potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), and iron (Fe), which may become increasingly limiting for plant productivity under global change. The roles of mycorrhizas and plant exudates on N and P uptake have been studied intensively; however, our understanding of the effects on metal nutrients is less clear and still inconsistent. Here, we review the literature on the role of mycorrhizas and root exudates in plant uptake of key nutrients (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe) in the context of potential nutrient deficiencies in crop and non-crop terrestrial ecosystems, and identify knowledge gaps for future research to improve nutrient-uptake capacity in food crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordi Sardans
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Hans Lambers
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
- Department of Plant Nutrition, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Catherine Preece
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- Sustainability in Biosystems Program, Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Torre Marimon, E-08140, Caldes de Montbui, Spain
| | - Abdulwahed Fahad Alrefaei
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Josep Penuelas
- CSIC, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, 08193, Catalonia, Spain
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11
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Jacobson TKB, Gerber D, Azevedo JC. Invasiveness, Monitoring and Control of Hakea sericea: A Systematic Review. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:751. [PMID: 36840097 PMCID: PMC9963047 DOI: 10.3390/plants12040751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Solutions for ecological and economic problems posed by Hakea sericea invasions rely on scientific knowledge. We conducted a systematic review to analyze and synthesize the past and current scientific knowledge concerning H. sericea invasion processes and mechanisms, as well as monitoring and control techniques. We used ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and CAPES Periodicals to look for publications on the ecological and environmental factors involved in H. sericea establishment (question 1); responses of H. sericea to fire in native and invaded ecosystems (question 2); and H. sericea monitoring and control methods (question 3). We identified 207 publications, 47.4% of which related to question 1, mainly from Australia and South Africa, with an increasing trend in the number of publications on monitoring and modeling. The traits identified in our systematic review, such as adaptations to dystrophic environments, drought resistance, sclerophylly, low transpiration rates, high nutrient use efficiency, stomatal conductance and photosynthetic rates, strong serotiny, proteoid roots and high post-fire seed survival and seedling recruitment, highlighted that H. sericea is a successful invader species due to its long adaptive history mediated by an arsenal of ecophysiological mechanisms that place it at a superior competitive level, especially in fire-prone ecosystems. Integrated cost-effective control methods in selected areas and the incorporation of information on the temporal invasion dynamics can significantly improve invasion control and mitigate H. sericea impacts while maintaining the supply of ecosystem services in invaded areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamiel Khan Baiocchi Jacobson
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Faculdade UnB Planaltina, UnB/FUP—Universidade de Brasília, Brasília 73345-010, Brazil
| | - Dionatan Gerber
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Centro de Ecologia Funcional (CFE), Departamento de Ciência da Vida, Universidade de Coimbra, 300-456 Coimbra, Portugal
- Departamento de Ciências Florestais e Arquitetura Paisagista, Universidade de Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro, 5001-801 Vila Real, Portugal
- Instituto de Investigação Interdisciplinar, Universidade de Coimbra, 3004-531 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João Carlos Azevedo
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
- Laboratório Associado para a Sustentabilidade e Tecnologia em Regiões de Montanha (SusTEC), Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
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12
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Sá GCDS, da Silva LB, Bezerra PVV, da Silva MAF, Inacio CLS, Paiva WDS, e Silva VPM, Cordeiro LV, Oliveira JWDF, Silva MS, Lima EDO, Moreira FJC, Rocha HADO, Barra PB, Ximenes MDFFDM, Uchôa AF. Tephrosia toxicaria (Sw.) Pers. extracts: Screening by examining aedicidal action under laboratory and field conditions along with its antioxidant, antileishmanial, and antimicrobial activities. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0275835. [PMID: 36630475 PMCID: PMC9833590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0275835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
An increase in the incidence of arboviral, microbial and parasitic infections, and to disorders related to oxidative stress has encouraged the development of adjuvant therapies based on natural formulations, such as those involving plant extracts. Thus, to expand the repertoire of the available therapeutic options, this study aimed to describe the versatility of Tephrosia toxicaria (Sw.) (Pers., 1807) extracts for the control of arbovirus vectors, as well as their antioxidant, antileishmanial, and antimicrobial potential. Among the aqueous and hydroethanolic extracts obtained, the hydroethanolic extract from roots (RHA) was identified as the most active larvicide extract demonstrating, respectively, the lowest lethal concentration (mg/mL) for 50%, 90% and 99% of Aedes aegypti (L., 1762) and Aedes albopictus (S., 1894) larvae, observed at 24 h (0.33, 0.84 and 1.80; 0.32, 0.70 and 1.32) and 48 h (0.17, 0.51 and 1.22; 0.26, 0.47 and 0.78) post-exposure. Field assays revealed that RHA (0.84 mg/mL) is a potential oviposition deterrent, reducing egg-laying by approximately 90%. RHA (0.1 mg/mL) also exhibited antioxidant activity for the following tests: total antioxidant capacity (286.86 mg AAE/g), iron (87.16%) and copper (25.64%) chelation, and superoxide scavenging (10%). In the cell culture assays, RHA (0.1 mg/mL) promoted regeneration of metabolic activity (92% cell viability) in cells exposed to oxidative stress. Furthermore, RHA displayed weak antileishmanial activity (IC50 = 3.53 mg/mL) against Leishmania amazonensis and not exhibit antimicrobial activity. The extraction favored the concentration of carbohydrates in RHA, in addition to lectins and protease inhibitors, with molecular masses estimated between 10 and 24 kDa. Cytotoxicity and phytotoxicity analyses of RHA suggested its biosecurity. Thus, RHA is a multivalent extract with insecticide and antioxidant properties at low and safe concentrations. However, others studies on its indirect toxic effects are ongoing to ensure the complete safety of RHA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulian César da Silva Sá
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Leidiane Barboza da Silva
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Pedro Vitor Vale Bezerra
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Melissa Alves Farias da Silva
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Cássio Lázaro Silva Inacio
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Laboratory of Entomology Research, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Weslley de Souza Paiva
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymer, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Virgínia Penéllope Macedo e Silva
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Laboratory of Entomology Research, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Laísa Vilar Cordeiro
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Mycology, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | - Johny Wysllas de Freitas Oliveira
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Sousa Silva
- Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, Laboratory of Immunoparasitology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil
| | - Edeltrudes de Oliveira Lima
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Mycology, Universidade Federal da Paraiba, João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil
| | | | - Hugo Alexandre de Oliveira Rocha
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Biotechnology of Natural Polymer, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Patricia Batista Barra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Universidade do Estado do Rio Grande do Norte, Mossoró, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Freire de Melo Ximenes
- Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, Laboratory of Entomology Research, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | - Adriana Ferreira Uchôa
- Department of Cellular Biology and Genetics, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
- Instituto de Medicina Tropical do Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
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13
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Scientific basis for the use of minimally processed homogenates of Kappaphycus alvarezii (red) and Sargassum wightii (brown) seaweeds as crop biostimulants. ALGAL RES 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2023.102969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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Effects of Exogenous L-Asparagine on Poplar Biomass Partitioning and Root Morphology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113126. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
L-Asparagine (Asn) has been regarded as one of the most economical molecules for nitrogen (N) storage and transport in plants due to its relatively high N-to-carbon (C) ratio (2:4) and stability. Although its internal function has been addressed, the biological role of exogenous Asn in plants remains elusive. In this study, different concentrations (0.5, 1, 2, or 5 mM) of Asn were added to the N-deficient hydroponic solution for poplar ‘Nanlin895’. Morphometric analyses showed that poplar height, biomass, and photosynthesis activities were significantly promoted by Asn treatment compared with the N-free control. Moreover, the amino acid content, total N and C content, and nitrate and ammonia content were dramatically altered by Asn treatment. Moreover, exogenous Asn elicited root growth inhibition, accompanied by complex changes in the transcriptional pattern of genes and activities of enzymes associated with N and C metabolism. Combined with the plant phenotype and the physiological and biochemical indexes, our data suggest that poplar is competent to take up and utilize exogenous Asn dose-dependently. It provides valuable information and insight on how different forms of N and concentrations of Asn influence poplar root and shoot growth and function, and roles of Asn engaged in protein homeostasis regulation.
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15
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Hasnain A, Naqvi SAH, Ayesha SI, Khalid F, Ellahi M, Iqbal S, Hassan MZ, Abbas A, Adamski R, Markowska D, Baazeem A, Mustafa G, Moustafa M, Hasan ME, Abdelhamid MMA. Plants in vitro propagation with its applications in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetic industries; current scenario and future approaches. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1009395. [PMID: 36311115 PMCID: PMC9606719 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1009395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant tissue culture technique employed for the identification and isolation of bioactive phytocompounds has numerous industrial applications. It provides potential benefits for different industries which include food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics. Various agronomic crops i.e., cereals, fruits, vegetables, ornamental plants and forest trees are currently being used for in vitro propagation. Plant tissue culture coupled with biotechnological approaches leads towards sustainable agricultural development providing solutions to major food security issues. Plants are the rich source of phytochemicals with medicinal properties rendering them useful for the industrial production of pharmaceuticals and nutraceuticals. Furthermore, there are numerous plant compounds with application in the cosmetics industry. In addition to having moisturizing, anti-ageing, anti-wrinkle effects; plant-derived compounds also possess pharmacological properties such as antiviral, antimicrobial, antifungal, anticancer, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergy characteristics. The in vitro propagation of industrially significant flora is gaining attention because of its several advantages over conventional plant propagation methods. One of the major advantages of this technique is the quick availability of food throughout the year, irrespective of the growing season, thus opening new opportunities to the producers and farmers. The sterile or endangered flora can also be conserved by plant micro propagation methods. Hence, plant tissue culture is an extremely efficient and cost-effective technique for biosynthetic studies and bio-production, biotransformation, or bioconversion of plant-derived compounds. However, there are certain limitations of in-vitro plant regeneration system including difficulties with continuous operation, product removal, and aseptic conditions. For sustainable industrial applications of in-vitro regenerated plants on a large scale, these constraints need to be addressed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ammarah Hasnain
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (FAST), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Syeda Iqra Ayesha
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Fatima Khalid
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Manahil Ellahi
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Shehzad Iqbal
- College of Plant Sciences and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan Hassan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology (FAST), Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Aqleem Abbas
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Lab of Plant Pathology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert Adamski
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Dorota Markowska
- Faculty of Process and Environmental Engineering, Lodz University of Technology, Lodz, Poland
| | - Alaa Baazeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghulam Mustafa
- Department of Agriculture (Extension and Adoptive Research), Agriculture Extension Department of Government of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E. Hasan
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. A. Abdelhamid
- Agricultural Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture (Saba Basha), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
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Chatterjee P, Schafran P, Li FW, Meeks JC. Nostoc Talks Back: Temporal Patterns of Differential Gene Expression During Establishment of Anthoceros-Nostoc Symbiosis. MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS : MPMI 2022; 35:917-932. [PMID: 35802132 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-05-22-0101-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Endosymbiotic associations between hornworts and nitrogen-fixing cyanobacteria form when the plant is limited for combined nitrogen (N). We generated RNA-seq data to examine temporal gene expression patterns during the culturing of N-starved Anthoceros punctatus in the absence and the presence of symbiotic cyanobacterium Nostoc punctiforme. In symbiont-free A. punctatus gametophytes, N starvation caused downregulation of chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence characteristics as well as transcription of photosynthesis-related genes. This downregulation was reversed in A. punctatus cocultured with N. punctiforme, corresponding to the provision by the symbiont of N2-derived NH4+, which commenced within 5 days of coculture and reached a maximum by 14 days. We also observed transient increases in transcription of ammonium and nitrate transporters in a N. punctiforme-dependent manner as well as that of a SWEET transporter that was initially independent of N2-derived NH4+. The temporal patterns of differential gene expression indicated that N. punctiforme transmits signals that impact gene expression to A. punctatus both prior to and after its provision of fixed N. This study is the first illustrating the temporal patterns of gene expression during establishment of an endosymbiotic nitrogen-fixing association in this monophyletic evolutionary lineage of land plants. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2022 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poulami Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
| | - Peter Schafran
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14953, U.S.A
| | - Fay-Wei Li
- Boyce Thompson Institute, Ithaca, NY 14853, U.S.A
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14953, U.S.A
| | - John C Meeks
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, U.S.A
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Li Z, Gao J, Wang S, Xie X, Wang Z, Peng Y, Yang X, Pu W, Wang Y, Fan X. Comprehensive analysis of the LHT gene family in tobacco and functional characterization of NtLHT22 involvement in amino acids homeostasis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:927844. [PMID: 36176688 PMCID: PMC9513474 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.927844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids are vital nitrogen (N) sources for plant growth, development, and yield. The uptake and translocation of amino acids are mediated by amino acid transporters (AATs). The AATs family including lysine-histidine transporters (LHTs), amino acid permeases (AAPs), and proline transporters (ProTs) subfamilies have been identified in various plants. However, little is known about these genes in tobacco. In this study, we identified 23 LHT genes, the important members of AATs, in the tobacco genome. The gene structure, phylogenetic tree, transmembrane helices, chromosomal distribution, cis-regulatory elements, and expression profiles of NtLHT genes were systematically analyzed. Phylogenetic analysis divided the 23 NtLHT genes into two conserved subgroups. Expression profiles confirmed that the NtLHT genes were differentially expressed in various tissues, indicating their potential roles in tobacco growth and development. Cis-elements analysis of promoters and expression patterns after stress treatments suggested that NtLHT genes probable participate in abiotic stress responses of tobacco. In addition, Knock out and overexpression of NtLHT22 changed the amino acids homeostasis in the transgenic plants, the contents of amino acids were significantly decreased in NtLHT22 overexpression plants than wild-type. The results from this study provide important information for further studies on the molecular functions of the NtLHT genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaowu Li
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Junping Gao
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Shuaibin Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaodong Xie
- China Tobacco Gene Research Center, Zhengzhou Tobacco Research Institute of China National Tobacco Corporation, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhangying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaonian Yang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Wenxuan Pu
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Yaofu Wang
- Tobacco Research Institute of Technology Centre, China Tobacco Hunan Industrial Corporation, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaorong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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18
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Qin R, Zhang Y, Ren S, Nie P. Rapid Detection of Available Nitrogen in Soil by Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810404. [PMID: 36142315 PMCID: PMC9499669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil-available nitrogen is the main nitrogen source that plants can directly absorb for assimilation. It is of great significance to detect the concentration of soil-available nitrogen in a simple, rapid and reliable method, which is beneficial to guiding agricultural production activities. This study confirmed that Raman spectroscopy is one such approach, especially after surface enhancement; its spectral response is more sensitive. Here, we collected three types of soils (chernozem, loess and laterite) and purchased two kinds of nitrogen fertilizers (ammonium sulfate and sodium nitrate) to determine ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N) and nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N) in the soil. The spectral data were acquired using a portable Raman spectrometer. Unique Raman characteristic peaks of NH4-N and NO3-N in different soils were found at 978 cm−1 and 1044 cm−1, respectively. Meanwhile, it was found that the enhancement of the Raman spectra by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was greater than that of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Combined with soil characteristics and nitrogen concentrations, Raman peak data were analyzed by multiple linear regression. The coefficient of determination for the validation (Rp2) of multiple linear regression prediction models for NH4-N and NO3-N were 0.976 and 0.937, respectively, which deeply interpreted the quantitative relationship among related physical quantities. Furthermore, all spectral data in the range of 400–2000 cm−1 were used to establish the partial least squares (PLS), back-propagation neural network (BPNN) and least squares support vector machine (LSSVM) models for quantification. After cross-validation and comparative analysis, the results showed that LSSVM optimized by particle swarm methodology had the highest accuracy and stability from an overall perspective. For all datasets of particle swarm optimization LSSVM (PSO-LSSVM), the Rp2 was above 0.99, the root mean square errors of prediction (RMSEP) were below 0.15, and the relative prediction deviation (RPD) was above 10. The ultra-portable Raman spectrometer, in combination with scatter-enhanced materials and machine learning algorithms, could be a promising solution for high-efficiency and real-time field detection of soil-available nitrogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimiao Qin
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yahui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shijie Ren
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pengcheng Nie
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectroscopy Sensing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310058, China
- State Key Laboratory of Modern Optical Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-8898-2456
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Tünnermann L, Colou J, Näsholm T, Gratz R. To have or not to have: expression of amino acid transporters during pathogen infection. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:413-425. [PMID: 35103913 PMCID: PMC9213295 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-022-01244-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The interaction between plants and plant pathogens can have significant effects on ecosystem performance. For their growth and development, both bionts rely on amino acids. While amino acids are key transport forms of nitrogen and can be directly absorbed from the soil through specific root amino acid transporters, various pathogenic microbes can invade plant tissues to feed on different plant amino acid pools. In parallel, plants may initiate an immune response program to restrict this invasion, employing various amino acid transporters to modify the amino acid pool at the site of pathogen attack. The interaction between pathogens and plants is sophisticated and responses are dynamic. Both avail themselves of multiple tools to increase their chance of survival. In this review, we highlight the role of amino acid transporters during pathogen infection. Having control over the expression of those transporters can be decisive for the fate of both bionts but the underlying mechanism that regulates the expression of amino acid transporters is not understood to date. We provide an overview of the regulation of a variety of amino acid transporters, depending on interaction with biotrophic, hemibiotrophic or necrotrophic pathogens. In addition, we aim to highlight the interplay of different physiological processes on amino acid transporter regulation during pathogen attack and chose the LYSINE HISTIDINE TRANSPORTER1 (LHT1) as an example.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Tünnermann
- Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Umeå Plant Science Centre, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Justine Colou
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Torgny Näsholm
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Regina Gratz
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 90183, Umeå, Sweden.
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20
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Yang X, Leng Y, Zhou Z, Shang H, Ni K, Ma L, Yi X, Cai Y, Ji L, Ruan J, Shi Y. Ecological management model for the improvement of soil fertility through the regulation of rare microbial taxa in tea (Camellia sinensis L.) plantation soils. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2022; 308:114595. [PMID: 35124311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2022.114595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Agricultural management is essential to enhance soil ecosystem service function through optimizing soil physical conditions and improving nutrient supply, which is predominantly regulated by soil microorganisms. Several studies have focused on soil biodiversity and function in tea plantation systems. However, the effects of different agriculture managements on soil fertility and microbes remain poorly characterized, especially for what concerns perennial agroecosystems. In this study, 40 soil samples were collected from 10 tea plantation sites in China to explore the effects of ecological and conventional managements on soil fertility, as well as on microbial diversity, community composition, and co-occurrence network. Compared with conventional management, ecological management was found to significantly enhance soil fertility, microbial diversity, and microbial network complexity. Additionally, a significant difference in community composition was clearly observed under the two agriculture managements, especially for rare microbial taxa, whose relative abundance significantly increased under ecological management. Random forest modeling revealed that rare taxa (e.g., Rokubacteria and Mortierellomycota), rather than dominant microbial taxa (e.g., Proteobacteria and Ascomycota), were key variables for predicting soil fertility. This indicates that rare taxa might play a fundamental role in biological processes. Overall, our results suggest that ecological management is more efficient than conventional management in regulating rare microbial taxa and maintaining a good soil fertility in tea plantation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangde Yang
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Yang Leng
- National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Zeyu Zhou
- National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Huaiguo Shang
- National Agricultural Technology Extension and Service Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, PR China, Beijing, 100125, China
| | - Kang Ni
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Lifeng Ma
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China; Xihu National Agricultural Experimental Station for Soil Quality, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Xiaoyun Yi
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China
| | - Yanjiang Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China
| | - Lingfei Ji
- Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Organic Solid Waste Utilization, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jianyun Ruan
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
| | - Yuanzhi Shi
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization of Tea, Ministry of Agriculture, Hangzhou, 310008, China.
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21
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Firmin A, Selosse MA, Dunand C, Elger A. Mixotrophy in aquatic plants, an overlooked ability. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 27:147-157. [PMID: 34565671 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aquatic Embryophytes play a key role in the proper functioning of aquatic ecosystems, where carbon (inorganic and organic forms) is pivotal in biogeochemical processes. There is growing awareness that mixotrophy, the direct use of exogenous organic carbon by autotrophs, is a widespread phenomenon and that it has emerged recurrently in the evolution of many autotrophic lineages. Despite living in an environment providing organic matter and presenting many favourable predispositions, aquatic plants from the Embryophytes, except carnivorous ones, have never been deeply investigated for mixotrophy. Here, we address the possibility that aquatic plants may exhibit mixotrophy, a prospect overlooked by research until now, and that this may be much more widespread than imagined under the conventional paradigm of plants considered as strict autotrophs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Firmin
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Marc-André Selosse
- Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité, ISYEB - UMR 7205 - CNRS, MNHN, UPMC, EPHE, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Sorbonne Universités, 57 rue Cuvier, CP50, 75005 Paris, France; Faculty of Biology, University of Gdańsk, ul. Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Arnaud Elger
- Laboratoire écologie fonctionnelle et environnement, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INPT, UPS, Toulouse, France.
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22
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Wen Z, White PJ, Shen J, Lambers H. Linking root exudation to belowground economic traits for resource acquisition. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2022; 233:1620-1635. [PMID: 34761404 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The concept of a root economics space (RES) is increasingly adopted to explore root trait variation and belowground resource-acquisition strategies. Much progress has been made on interactions of root morphology and mycorrhizal symbioses. However, root exudation, with a significant carbon (C) cost (c. 5-21% of total photosynthetically fixed C) to enhance resource acquisition, remains a missing link in this RES. Here, we argue that incorporating root exudation into the structure of RES is key to a holistic understanding of soil nutrient acquisition. We highlight the different functional roles of root exudates in soil phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) acquisition. Thereafter, we synthesize emerging evidence that illustrates how root exudation interacts with root morphology and mycorrhizal symbioses at the level of species and individual plant and argue contrasting patterns in species evolved in P-impoverished vs N-limited environments. Finally, we propose a new conceptual framework, integrating three groups of root functional traits to better capture the complexity of belowground resource-acquisition strategies. Such a deeper understanding of the integrated and dynamic interactions of root morphology, root exudation, and mycorrhizal symbioses will provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying species coexistence and how to explore belowground interactions for sustainable managed systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Wen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Philip J White
- Ecological Science Group, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jianbo Shen
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
| | - Hans Lambers
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, 100193, Beijing, China
- School of Biological Sciences and Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, WA, 6009, Australia
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Lin YJ, Feng YX, Yu XZ. The importance of utilizing nitrate (NO 3-) over ammonium (NH 4+) as nitrogen source during detoxification of exogenous thiocyanate (SCN -) in Oryza sativa. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:5622-5633. [PMID: 34424467 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-15959-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Thiocyanate (SCN-) is a nitrogen-containing pollutant, which can be involved in the nitrogen (N) cycle and interferes with plant growth. The current study highlights a new insight into the N (nitrate [NO3-] and ammonium [NH4+]) utilization ways in rice seedlings under SCN- exposure to clarify the interactive effect on uptake and assimilation between these N-containing chemicals. Phenotypically, relative growth rates (RGR) of NO3--fed seedlings were significantly higher than NH4+-fed rice seedlings at the same SCN- concentration. Both N fertilizations have no significant influence on SCN- content and its assimilation in rice seedlings. However, significant accumulation of NO3- and NH4+ were detected in shoots prior to roots under SCN- stress. Enzymatic assay and mRNA analysis showed that the carbonyl sulfide (COS) pathway of SCN- degradation occurred in both roots and shoots of NO3--fed seedlings but only evident in roots of NH4+-fed seedlings. Moreover, the effect of SCN- on the activity of nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) was negligible in NO3--fed seedlings, while GOGAT activity was significantly inhibited in shoots of NH4+-fed seedlings. Nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) estimation provided positive evidence in utilizing NO3- over NH4+ as the main N source to support rice seedling growth during detoxification of exogenous SCN-. Overall, SCN- pollution has unexpectedly changed the rice preference for N source which shifted from NH4+ to NO3-, suggesting that the interactions of SCN- with different N sources in terms of uptake and assimilation in rice plants should not be overlooked, especially at the plant N nutritional level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Juan Lin
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Xi Feng
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Wu J, Zhai Y, Monikh FA, Arenas-Lago D, Grillo R, Vijver MG, Peijnenburg WJGM. The Differences between the Effects of a Nanoformulation and a Conventional Form of Atrazine to Lettuce: Physiological Responses, Defense Mechanisms, and Nutrient Displacement. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:12527-12540. [PMID: 34657419 PMCID: PMC8554755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanotechnology influences the developments within the agro-sector. An example is provided by the production of nanoenabled pesticides with the intention to optimize the efficiency of the pesticides. At the same time, it is important to collect information on the unintended and unwanted adverse effects of emerging nanopesticides on nontarget plants. Currently, this information is limited. In the present study, we compared the effects of a nanoformulation of atrazine (NPATZ) and the nonencapsulated atrazine formulation (ATZ) on physiological responses, defense mechanisms, and nutrient displacement in lettuce over time with the applied concentrations ranging from 0.3 to 3 mg atrazine per kg soil. Our results revealed that both NPATZ and ATZ induced significant decreases in plant biomass, chlorophyll content, and protein content. Additionally, exposure to NPATZ and ATZ caused oxidative stress to the lettuce plant and significantly elevated the activities of the tested ROS scavenger enzymes in plant tissues. These results indicate that NPATZ and ATZ cause distinct adverse impacts on lettuce plants. When comparing the adverse effects in plants after exposure to NPATZ and ATZ, no obvious differences in plant biomass and chlorophyll content were observed between NPATZ and ATZ treatments at the same exposure concentration regardless of exposure duration. An enhanced efficiency of the active ingredient of the nanopesticide as compared to the conventional formulation was observed after long-term exposure to the high concentration of NPATZ, as it induced higher impacts on plants in terms of the end points of the contents of protein, superoxide anion (O2̇-), and MDA, and the activities of stress-related enzymes as compared to the same concentration of ATZ. Furthermore, exposure to both NPATZ and ATZ disrupted the uptake of mineral nutrients in plants, and the differences in the displacement of nutrients between the NPATZ and ATZ treatments depended on the element type, plant organ, exposure concentration, and time. Overall, the application dose of a nanopesticide should balance their increased herbicidal efficiency with the long-term adverse effects in order to maximize the desired impact while minimizing adverse impacts; only then will we be able to understand the potential impact of nanopesticides on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Wu
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Yujia Zhai
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Fazel Abdolahpur Monikh
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Daniel Arenas-Lago
- University
of Vigo, Department of Plant Biology and
Soil Science, As Lagoas, Marcosende, 32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Renato Grillo
- Department
of Physics and Chemistry, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 15385-000 Ilha Solteira, SP Brazil
| | - Martina G. Vijver
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Willie J. G. M. Peijnenburg
- Leiden
University, Institute of Environmental Sciences (CML), P.O. Box 9518, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands
- National
Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), P.O. Box 1, Bilthoven 3720 BA, The
Netherlands
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25
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García-Gómez G, Real-Santillán RO, Larsen J, Pérez LL, de la Rosa JIF, Pineda S, Martínez-Castillo AM. Maize mycorrhizas decrease the susceptibility of the foliar insect herbivore Spodoptera frugiperda to its homologous nucleopolyhedrovirus. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:4701-4708. [PMID: 34129282 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus of Spodoptera frugiperda (SfMNPV) plays an important role in regulating its natural host and has high potential for use as a bioinsecticide. However, information about how agricultural practices such as fertilization and plant biotic interactions affect the biocontrol efficacy of SfMNPV is limited. In this study, we examined how multitrophic maize-mycorrhiza-insect herbivore interactions affect the biocontrol efficacy of SfMNPV against S. frugiperda under full and reduced mineral nitrogen fertilization. Two fully factorial greenhouse pot experiments with three factors were performed: (i) arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (with and without AMF), (ii) nitrogen fertilization (50% and 100% N), and (iii) insect (with and without of S. frugiperda). The biocontrol efficacy of SfMNPV against S. frugiperda was examined using detached leaves under controlled environmental conditions. RESULTS Associating maize with AMF resulted in multitrophic cascade effects. Plants with AMF showed suppression of plant growth and increased leaf N and P content, which coincided with increased foliar herbivory and larval biomass that finally reduced the susceptibility of S. frugiperda to SfMNPV. Reduced levels of N fertilization mitigated these observed cascade effects on the biocontrol efficacy of SfMNPV with maize mycorrhizas. CONCLUSION Our results show that AMF can modulate S. frugiperda-SfMNPV interactions via plant-mediated phenotypic responses to the mycorrhizal association and are most likely linked with increased leaf food quality for S. frugiperda. These results call for further studies to address the mode of interaction and possible implications for pest management in maize agroecosystems. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Griselda García-Gómez
- Instituto de investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Raúl Omar Real-Santillán
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Morelia, Mexico
| | - John Larsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Ecosistemas y Sustentabilidad, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Morelia, Mexico
| | - Luis López Pérez
- Instituto de investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - José Isaac Figueroa de la Rosa
- Instituto de investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - Samuel Pineda
- Instituto de investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
| | - Ana Mabel Martínez-Castillo
- Instituto de investigaciones Agropecuarias y Forestales, Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Tarímbaro, Mexico
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Molecular Regulatory Networks for Improving Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22169040. [PMID: 34445746 PMCID: PMC8396546 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22169040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nitrogen is an important factor limiting the growth and yield of rice. However, the excessive application of nitrogen will lead to water eutrophication and economic costs. To create rice varieties with high nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) has always been an arduous task in rice breeding. The processes for improving NUE include nitrogen uptake, nitrogen transport from root to shoot, nitrogen assimilation, and nitrogen redistribution, with each step being indispensable to the improvement of NUE. Here, we summarize the effects of absorption, transport, and metabolism of nitrate, ammonium, and amino acids on NUE, as well as the role of hormones in improving rice NUE. Our discussion provide insight for further research in the future.
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27
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Adamczyk B. Root-Derived Proteases as a Plant Tool to Access Soil Organic Nitrogen; Current Stage of Knowledge and Controversies. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10040731. [PMID: 33918076 PMCID: PMC8069566 DOI: 10.3390/plants10040731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic deterioration of the global nitrogen (N) cycle emerges mainly from overuse of inorganic N fertilizers in nutrient-limited cropping systems. To counteract a further dysregulation of the N cycle, we need to improve plant nitrogen use efficiency. This aim may be reached via unravelling all plant mechanisms to access soil N, with special attention to the dominating high-molecular-mass N pool. Traditionally, we believe that inorganic N is the only plant-available N pool, however, more recent studies point to acquisition of organic N compounds, i.e., amino acids, short peptides, and proteins. The least known mechanism of plants to increase the N uptake is a direct increase of soil proteolysis via root-derived proteases. This paper provides a review of the knowledge about root-derived proteases and also controversies behind this phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartosz Adamczyk
- The Natural Resources Institute, Luonnonvarakeskus, Viikinkaari 4, 00790 Helsinki, Finland
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28
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Genotypic Difference in the Responses to Nitrogen Fertilizer Form in Tibetan Wild and Cultivated Barley. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10030595. [PMID: 33809925 PMCID: PMC8004229 DOI: 10.3390/plants10030595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) availability and form have a dramatic effect on N uptake and assimilation in plants, affecting growth and development. In the previous studies, we found great differences in low-N tolerance between Tibetan wild barley accessions and cultivated barley varieties. We hypothesized that there are different responses to N forms between the two kinds of barleys. Accordingly, this study was carried out to determine the response of four barley genotypes (two wild, XZ16 and XZ179; and two cultivated, ZD9 andHua30) under 4Nforms (NO3−, NH4+, urea and glycine). The results showed significant reduction in growth parameters such as root/shoot length and biomass, as well as photosynthesis parameters and total soluble protein content under glycine treatment relative to other N treatments, for both wild and cultivated barley, however, XZ179 was least affected. Similarly, ammonium adversely affected growth parameters in both wild and cultivated barleys, with XZ179 being severely affected. On the other hand, both wild and cultivated genotypes showed higher biomass, net photosynthetic rate, chlorophyll and protein in NO3− treatment relative to other three N treatments. It may be concluded that barley undisputedly grows well under inorganic nitrogen (NO3−), however in response to the organic N wild barley prefer glycine more than cultivated barely.
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29
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Pueyo JJ, Quiñones MA, Coba de la Peña T, Fedorova EE, Lucas MM. Nitrogen and Phosphorus Interplay in Lupin Root Nodules and Cluster Roots. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:644218. [PMID: 33747024 PMCID: PMC7966414 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.644218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are two major plant nutrients, and their deficiencies often limit plant growth and crop yield. The uptakes of N or P affect each other, and consequently, understanding N-P interactions is fundamental. Their signaling mechanisms have been studied mostly separately, and integrating N-P interactive regulation is becoming the aim of some recent works. Lupins are singular plants, as, under N and P deficiencies, they are capable to develop new organs, the N2-fixing symbiotic nodules, and some species can also transform their root architecture to form cluster roots, hundreds of short rootlets that alter their metabolism to induce a high-affinity P transport system and enhance synthesis and secretion of organic acids, flavonoids, proteases, acid phosphatases, and proton efflux. These modifications lead to mobilization in the soil of, otherwise unavailable, P. White lupin (Lupinus albus) represents a model plant to study cluster roots and for understanding plant acclimation to nutrient deficiency. It tolerates simultaneous P and N deficiencies and also enhances uptake of additional nutrients. Here, we present the structural and functional modifications that occur in conditions of P and N deficiencies and lead to the organogenesis and altered metabolism of nodules and cluster roots. Some known N and P signaling mechanisms include different factors, including phytohormones and miRNAs. The combination of the individual N and P mechanisms uncovers interactive regulation pathways that concur in nodules and cluster roots. L. albus interlinks N and P recycling processes both in the plant itself and in nature.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J. Pueyo
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ICA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Elena E. Fedorova
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
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30
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The SV, Snyder R, Tegeder M. Targeting Nitrogen Metabolism and Transport Processes to Improve Plant Nitrogen Use Efficiency. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 11:628366. [PMID: 33732269 PMCID: PMC7957077 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.628366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural cropping systems, relatively large amounts of nitrogen (N) are applied for plant growth and development, and to achieve high yields. However, with increasing N application, plant N use efficiency generally decreases, which results in losses of N into the environment and subsequently detrimental consequences for both ecosystems and human health. A strategy for reducing N input and environmental losses while maintaining or increasing plant performance is the development of crops that effectively obtain, distribute, and utilize the available N. Generally, N is acquired from the soil in the inorganic forms of nitrate or ammonium and assimilated in roots or leaves as amino acids. The amino acids may be used within the source organs, but they are also the principal N compounds transported from source to sink in support of metabolism and growth. N uptake, synthesis of amino acids, and their partitioning within sources and toward sinks, as well as N utilization within sinks represent potential bottlenecks in the effective use of N for vegetative and reproductive growth. This review addresses recent discoveries in N metabolism and transport and their relevance for improving N use efficiency under high and low N conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, United States
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31
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Arai N, Ohno Y, Jumyo S, Hamaji Y, Ohyama T. Organ-specific expression and epigenetic traits of genes encoding digestive enzymes in the lance-leaf sundew (Drosera adelae). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2021; 72:1946-1961. [PMID: 33247920 PMCID: PMC7921302 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, extensive studies have been performed at the molecular level to understand the evolution of carnivorous plants. As fruits, the repertoire of protein components in the digestive fluids of several carnivorous plants have gradually become clear. However, the quantitative aspects of these proteins and the expression mechanisms of the genes that encode them are still poorly understood. In this study, using the Australian sundew Drosera adelae, we identified and quantified the digestive fluid proteins. We examined the expression and methylation status of the genes corresponding to major hydrolytic enzymes in various organs; these included thaumatin-like protein, S-like RNase, cysteine protease, class I chitinase, β-1, 3-glucanase, and hevein-like protein. The genes encoding these proteins were exclusively expressed in the glandular tentacles. Furthermore, the promoters of the β-1, 3-glucanase and cysteine protease genes were demethylated only in the glandular tentacles, similar to the previously reported case of the S-like RNase gene da-I. This phenomenon correlated with high expression of the DNA demethylase DEMETER in the glandular tentacles, strongly suggesting that it performs glandular tentacle-specific demethylation of the genes. The current study strengthens and generalizes the relevance of epigenetics to trap organ-specific gene expression in D. adelae. We also suggest similarities between the trap organs of carnivorous plants and the roots of non-carnivorous plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Arai
- Major in Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ohno
- Major in Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinya Jumyo
- Major in Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hamaji
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Ohyama
- Major in Integrative Bioscience and Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Education and Integrated Arts and Sciences, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
- Correspondence:
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Mau L, Kant J, Walker R, Kuchendorf CM, Schrey SD, Roessner U, Watt M. Wheat Can Access Phosphorus From Algal Biomass as Quickly and Continuously as From Mineral Fertilizer. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:631314. [PMID: 33584779 PMCID: PMC7879783 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.631314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Algae can efficiently take up excess nutrients from waterways, making them a valuable resource potentially capable of replacing synthesized and mined fertilizers for agriculture. The capacity of algae to fertilize crops has been quantified, but it is not known how the algae-derived nutrients become available to plants. We aimed to address this question: what are the temporal dynamics of plant growth responses to algal biomass? to better propose mechanisms by which plants acquire nutrients from algal biomass and thereby study and promote those processes in future agricultural applications. Data from various sources were transformed and used to reconstruct the nutrient release from the algae Chlorella vulgaris and subsequent uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) (as reported in Schreiber et al., 2018). Plants had received 0.1x or 1x dried algae or wet algae, or zero, 0.1x or 1x mineral fertilizer calculated from agricultural practices for P application and grown to 55 days in three soils. Contents of P and other nutrients acquired from algae were as high as from mineral fertilizer, but varied based on moisture content and amount of algae applied to soils (by 55 days after sowing plants with 1x mineral fertilizer and 1x dried algae had 5.6 mg P g DWshoot; 2.2-fold more than those with 0 or 0.1x mineral fertilizer, 0.1x dried algae and wet algae, and 1x wet algae). Absolute and relative leaf area growth and estimated P uptake rates showed similar dynamics, indicating that wheat acquires P from algae quickly. A model proposes that algal fertilizer promotes wheat growth after rapid transformation in soil to inorganic nutrients. We conclude theoretically that phosphorus from algal biomass is available to wheat seedlings upon its application and is released gradually over time with minor differences related to moisture content on application. The growth and P uptake kinetics hint at nutrient forms, including N, and biomass stimulation worthy of research to further exploit algae in sustainable agriculture practices. Temporal resolved phenotype analyses in combination with a mass-balance approach is helpful for understanding resource uptake from recycled and biofertilizer sources by plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa Mau
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Josefine Kant
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Robert Walker
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Christina M. Kuchendorf
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Silvia D. Schrey
- Institute of Bio- and Geoscience - IBG-2: Plant Science, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Ute Roessner
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle Watt
- School of BioSciences, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Wang T, Tian Z, Tunlid A, Persson P. Nitrogen acquisition from mineral-associated proteins by an ectomycorrhizal fungus. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:697-711. [PMID: 32279319 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
In nitrogen (N)-limited boreal forests, trees depend on the decomposing activity of their ectomycorrhizal (ECM) fungal symbionts to access soil N. A large fraction of this N exists as proteinaceous compounds associated with mineral particles. However, it is not known if ECM fungi can access these mineral-associated proteins; accordingly, possible acquisition mechanisms have not been investigated. With tightly controlled isotopic, spectroscopic, and chromatographic experiments, we quantified and analyzed the mechanisms of N acquisition from iron oxide mineral-associated proteins by Paxillus involutus, a widespread ECM fungus in boreal forests. The fungus acquired N from the mineral-associated proteins. The collective results indicated a proteolytic mechanism involving formation of the crucial enzyme-substrate complexes at the mineral surfaces. Hence, the enzymes hydrolyzed the mineral-associated proteins without initial desorption of the proteins. The proteolytic activity was suppressed by adsorption of proteases to the mineral particles. This process was counteracted by fungal secretion of mineral-surface-reactive compounds that decreased the protease-mineral interactions and thereby promoted the formation of enzyme-substrate complexes. The ability of ECM fungi to simultaneously generate extracellular proteases and surface-reactive metabolites suggests that they can play an important role in unlocking the large N pool of mineral-associated proteins to trees in boreal forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Zhaomo Tian
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Tunlid
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Persson
- Department of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
- Centre for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62, Lund, Sweden
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Greenfield LM, Hill PW, Paterson E, Baggs EM, Jones DL. Do plants use root-derived proteases to promote the uptake of soil organic nitrogen? PLANT AND SOIL 2020; 456:355-367. [PMID: 33087989 PMCID: PMC7567722 DOI: 10.1007/s11104-020-04719-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The capacity of plant roots to directly acquire organic nitrogen (N) in the form of oligopeptides and amino acids from soil is well established. However, plants have poor access to protein, the central reservoir of soil organic N. Our question is: do plants actively secrete proteases to enhance the breakdown of soil protein or are they functionally reliant on soil microorganisms to undertake this role? METHODS Growing maize and wheat under sterile hydroponic conditions with and without inorganic N, we measured protease activity on the root surface (root-bound proteases) or exogenously in the solution (free proteases). We compared root protease activities to the rhizosphere microbial community to estimate the ecological significance of root-derived proteases. RESULTS We found little evidence for the secretion of free proteases, with almost all protease activity associated with the root surface. Root protease activity was not stimulated under N deficiency. Our findings suggest that cereal roots contribute one-fifth of rhizosphere protease activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that plant N uptake is only functionally significant when soil protein is in direct contact with root surfaces. The lack of protease upregulation under N deficiency suggests that root protease activity is unrelated to enhanced soil N capture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul W. Hill
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW UK
| | - Eric Paterson
- The James Hutton Institute, Craigiebuckler, Aberdeen, AB15 8QH UK
| | - Elizabeth M. Baggs
- Global Academy of Agriculture and Food Security, the Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Campus, Midlothian, EH25 9RG UK
| | - Davey L. Jones
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW UK
- SoilsWest, UWA School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6009 Australia
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Yao X, Nie J, Bai R, Sui X. Amino Acid Transporters in Plants: Identification and Function. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9080972. [PMID: 32751984 PMCID: PMC7466100 DOI: 10.3390/plants9080972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Amino acid transporters are the main mediators of nitrogen distribution throughout the plant body, and are essential for sustaining growth and development. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge on the identity and biological functions of amino acid transporters in plants, and discuss the regulation of amino acid transporters in response to environmental stimuli. We focus on transporter function in amino acid assimilation and phloem loading and unloading, as well as on the molecular identity of amino acid exporters. Moreover, we discuss the effects of amino acid transport on carbon assimilation, as well as their cross-regulation, which is at the heart of sustainable agricultural production.
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Guo N, Hu J, Yan M, Qu H, Luo L, Tegeder M, Xu G. Oryza sativa Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 functions in root uptake and root-to-shoot allocation of amino acids in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 103:395-411. [PMID: 32159895 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In agricultural soils, amino acids can represent vital nitrogen (N) sources for crop growth and yield. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying amino acid uptake and allocation are poorly understood in crop plants. This study shows that rice (Oryza sativa L.) roots can acquire aspartate at soil concentration, and that japonica subspecies take up this acidic amino acid 1.5-fold more efficiently than indica subspecies. Genetic association analyses with 68 representative japonica or indica germplasms identified rice Lysine-Histidine-type Transporter 1 (OsLHT1) as a candidate gene associated with the aspartate uptake trait. When expressed in yeast, OsLHT1 supported cell growth on a broad spectrum of amino acids, and effectively transported aspartate, asparagine and glutamate. OsLHT1 is localized throughout the rice root, including root hairs, epidermis, cortex and stele, and to the leaf vasculature. Knockout of OsLHT1 in japonica resulted in reduced root uptake of amino acids. Furthermore, in 15 N-amino acid-fed mutants versus wild-type, a higher percentage of 15 N remained in roots instead of being allocated to the shoot. 15 N-ammonium uptake and subsequently the delivery of root-synthesized amino acids to Oslht1 shoots were also significantly decreased, which was accompanied by reduced shoot growth. These results together provide evidence that OsLHT1 functions in both root uptake and root to shoot allocation of a broad spectrum of amino acids in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Jinqi Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Ming Yan
- Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center, Shanghai, 201106, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Le Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Mechthild Tegeder
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
| | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
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Szewczuk-Karpisz K, Wiśniewska M, Medykowska M, Bogatyrov VM, Sokołowska Z. Adsorption layer structure on the surface of carbon-silica composite in the presence of proteins of different internal stability and Cu(II) ions – The effect on solid aggregation. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bapat G, Zinjarde S, Tamhane V. Evaluation of silica nanoparticle mediated delivery of protease inhibitor in tomato plants and its effect on insect pest Helicoverpa armigera. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2020; 193:111079. [PMID: 32361552 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2020.111079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The inert and surface tunable nature of silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) makes them suitable for different applications. We have evaluated the potential of SiNPs for delivering proteins in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) plants. SiNPs of 20 and 100 nm (Si20 and Si100) were functionalized with (3-aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APTES) to obtain Si20APT and Si100APT, respectively, that were non-toxic toward plants. The functionalized nanoparticles were taken up by plants through roots as well as leaf surfaces. They were seen to be localized near the vasculature, particularly around the xylem. Si20APT and Si100APT nanoparticles were conjugated with soybean trypsin inhibitor (STI) to yield Si20APT-STI and Si100APT-STI, respectively. Based on the trypsin inhibitory activity of loaded nanoparticles, optimum loading was obtained for 0.4 mg of STI per 0.8 mg of NPs. Si20APT nanoparticles retained higher contents of STI than Si100APT. Exposure of STI-conjugated nanoparticles to 25°C or pH 8.0 aided release of the inhibitor. The particle bound STI inhibited bovine trypsin by 80% and Helicoverpa armigera gut proteinase (HGP) activity by 50%. Second instar H. armigera larvae ingesting STI-loaded particles (incorporated in artificial diet or leaves) showed significant retardation in growth. In choice assays, Si20APT-STI applied leaf discs were strikingly avoided by insect larvae. On the basis of the results obtained in this investigation, we recommend the use of Si20 nanoparticles for developing plant delivery vehicles in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gandhali Bapat
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Smita Zinjarde
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
| | - Vaijayanti Tamhane
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
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Zhuang W, Li J, Yu F, Dong Z, Guo H. Seasonal nitrogen uptake strategies in a temperate desert ecosystem depends on N form and plant species. PLANT BIOLOGY (STUTTGART, GERMANY) 2020; 22:386-393. [PMID: 31858690 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic plants might be able to regulate a limited nitrogen (N) pool, thus avoiding and reducing competition for resources, through the uptake of different chemical N forms. Our aim was to see whether coexisting herbs showed preference for different forms of N in a temperate desert. We conducted a situ experiment using the 15 N labeling method in the Gurbantunggut Desert of Northwestern China dominated by Erodium oxyrrhynchum, Hyalea pulchella, Nonea caspica and Lactuca undulata during their growing period (April and May). Four desert herb species preferentially relied on 15 N-NO3 for their N nutrition. Multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) analysis results showed that species, N forms, months, and soil depths strongly affected N uptake rate. The uptake rate by herbs was higher in May than in April, and higher at 0-5 cm than at 5-15 cm soil layers. Erodium oxyrrhynchum, N. caspica and L. undulata showed different preference on N form over months. Erodium oxyrrhynchum and L. undulata changed their uptake preference from more 15 N-Glycine in April to more 15 N-NH4 in May. Although the N uptake rate of four desert herbs varied across different soil depths and months, all species absorbed more inorganic N compared with organic N. The higher preference for 15 N-NO3 and 15 N-NH4 over 15 N-Gly possibly reflects adaptation to different N forms in temperate desert.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhuang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - J Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - F Yu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
| | - Z Dong
- Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, China
| | - H Guo
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Species Conservation and Regulatory Biology, Key Laboratory of Plant Stress Biology in Arid Land, College of Life Sciences, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi, China
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Tian Z, Wang T, Tunlid A, Persson P. Proteolysis of Iron Oxide-Associated Bovine Serum Albumin. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2020; 54:5121-5130. [PMID: 32208652 PMCID: PMC7311061 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c00860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Proteins are a substantial nitrogen source in soils provided that they can be hydrolyzed into bioavailable small peptides or amino acids. However, the strong associations between proteins and soil minerals restrict such proteolytic reactions. This study focused on how an extracellular fungal protease (Rhizopus sp.) hydrolyzed iron oxide-associated bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the factors that affected the proteolysis. We combined batch experiments with size-exclusion and reversed phase liquid chromatography and in situ infrared spectroscopic measurements to monitor the generation of proteolytic products in solution as well as the real-time changes of the adsorbed BSA during 24 h. Results showed that protease hydrolyzed the iron oxide-associated BSA directly at the surface without an initial desorption of BSA. Concurrently, the protease was adsorbed to vacant surface sites at the iron oxides, which significantly slowed down the rate of proteolysis. This inhibiting effect was counteracted by the presence of preadsorbed phosphate or by increasing the BSA coverage, which prevented protease adsorption. Fast initial rates of iron oxide-associated BSA proteolysis, comparable to proteolysis of BSA in solution, and very slow rates at prolonged proteolysis suggest a large variability in mineral-associated proteins as a nitrogen source in soils and that only a fraction of the protein is bioavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaomo Tian
- Department
of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund
University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
- Centre
for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, Ecology
Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Tao Wang
- Department
of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund
University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anders Tunlid
- Department
of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund
University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
| | - Per Persson
- Department
of Biology, Microbial Ecology Group, Lund
University, Ecology Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
- Centre
for Environmental and Climate Research (CEC), Lund University, Ecology
Building, SE-223 62 Lund, Sweden
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Vincent D, Rafiqi M, Job D. The Multiple Facets of Plant-Fungal Interactions Revealed Through Plant and Fungal Secretomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 10:1626. [PMID: 31969889 PMCID: PMC6960344 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant secretome is usually considered in the frame of proteomics, aiming at characterizing extracellular proteins, their biological roles and the mechanisms accounting for their secretion in the extracellular space. In this review, we aim to highlight recent results pertaining to secretion through the conventional and unconventional protein secretion pathways notably those involving plant exosomes or extracellular vesicles. Furthermore, plants are well known to actively secrete a large array of different molecules from polymers (e.g. extracellular RNA and DNA) to small compounds (e.g. ATP, phytochemicals, secondary metabolites, phytohormones). All of these play pivotal roles in plant-fungi (or oomycetes) interactions, both for beneficial (mycorrhizal fungi) and deleterious outcomes (pathogens) for the plant. For instance, recent work reveals that such secretion of small molecules by roots is of paramount importance to sculpt the rhizospheric microbiota. Our aim in this review is to extend the definition of the plant and fungal secretomes to a broader sense to better understand the functioning of the plant/microorganisms holobiont. Fundamental perspectives will be brought to light along with the novel tools that should support establishing an environment-friendly and sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Vincent
- Agriculture Victoria Research, AgriBio, Centre for AgriBioscience, Bundoora, VIC, Australia
| | - Maryam Rafiqi
- AgroBioSciences Program, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | - Dominique Job
- CNRS/Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/Institut National des Sciences Appliquées/Bayer CropScience Joint Laboratory (UMR 5240), Bayer CropScience, Lyon, France
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Robles-Aguilar AA, Grunert O, Hernandez-Sanabria E, Mysara M, Meers E, Boon N, Jablonowski ND. Effect of Applying Struvite and Organic N as Recovered Fertilizers on the Rhizosphere Dynamics and Cultivation of Lupine ( Lupinus angustifolius). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:572741. [PMID: 33329631 PMCID: PMC7717983 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.572741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Intensive agriculture and horticulture heavily rely on the input of fertilizers to sustain food (and feed) production. However, high carbon footprint and pollution are associated with the mining processes of P and K, and the artificial nitrogen fixation for the production of synthetic fertilizers. Organic fertilizers or recovered nutrients from different waste sources can be used to reduce the environmental impact of fertilizers. We tested two recovered nutrients with slow-release patterns as promising alternatives for synthetic fertilizers: struvite and a commercially available organic fertilizer. Using these fertilizers as a nitrogen source, we conducted a rhizotron experiment to test their effect on plant performance and nutrient recovery in lupine plants. Plant performance was not affected by the fertilizer applied; however, N recovery was higher from the organic fertilizer than from struvite. As root architecture is fundamental for plant productivity, variations in root structure and length as a result of soil nutrient availability driven by plant-bacteria interactions were compared showing also no differences between fertilizers. However, fertilized plants were considerably different in the root length and morphology compared with the no fertilized plants. Since the microbial community influences plant nitrogen availability, we characterized the root-associated microbial community structure and functionality. Analyses revealed that the fertilizer applied had a significant impact on the associations and functionality of the bacteria inhabiting the growing medium used. The type of fertilizer significantly influenced the interindividual dissimilarities in the most abundant genera between treatments. This means that different plant species have a distinct effect on modulating the associated microbial community, but in the case of lupine, the fertilizer had a bigger effect than the plant itself. These novel insights on interactions between recovered fertilizers, plant, and associated microbes can contribute to developing sustainable crop production systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana A. Robles-Aguilar
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
| | - Oliver Grunert
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Greenyard Horticulture, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Emma Hernandez-Sanabria
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory of Molecular Bacteriology, VIB – KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, Rega Institute, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Mohamed Mysara
- Unit of Microbiology, Belgian Nuclear Research Center, StudieCentrum voor Kernenergie⋅Centre d’étude de l’Energie Nucléaire (SCK⋅CEN), Mol, Belgium
- Department of Bioscience Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Erik Meers
- Department of Green Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- *Correspondence: Nico Boon,
| | - Nicolai D. Jablonowski
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geosciences, IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Jülich, Germany
- Nicolai D. Jablonowski,
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Gericó TG, Tavanti RFR, de Oliveira SC, Lourenzani AEBS, de Lima JP, Ribeiro RP, dos Santos LCC, dos Reis AR. Bradyrhizobium sp. enhance ureide metabolism increasing peanuts yield. Arch Microbiol 2019; 202:645-656. [DOI: 10.1007/s00203-019-01778-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Akaberi S, Gusbeth C, Silve A, Senthilnathan DS, Navarro-López E, Molina-Grima E, Müller G, Frey W. Effect of pulsed electric field treatment on enzymatic hydrolysis of proteins of Scenedesmus almeriensis. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Exogenous Application of Amino Acids Improves the Growth and Yield of Lettuce by Enhancing Photosynthetic Assimilation and Nutrient Availability. AGRONOMY-BASEL 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/agronomy9050266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
As natural plant growth stimulators, amino acids are widely used to improve the yield and quality of crops. Several studies have illustrated the effects of different amino acids on lettuce plant parts. However, the effects of applying single amino acids on root growth remain elusive. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of root application of L-methionine on the growth of lettuce. In this study, two successive experiments on butterhead lettuce were conducted under hydroponic conditions. Three amino acids, L-methionine (20 mg/L), L-glycine (210 mg/L), and L-tryptophan (220 mg/L), were applied separately. L-methionine significantly increased the growth performance by 23.60%, whereas growth using L-tryptophan and L-glycine decreased by 98.78% and 27.45%, respectively. Considering the results of the first experiment, a second experiment was established with different concentrations of L-methionine (2200 mg/L, 220 mg/L, 22 mg/L, 2.2 mg/L, 0.2 mg/L, and 0.02 mg/L). The plants were allowed to grow for four weeks. Leaf width, plant area, leaf area, chlorophyll contents, etc., were evaluated. The results show that plant growth significantly improved by applying L-methionine at the lowest concentrations of 0.2 mg/L and 0.02 mg/L, which can, therefore, improve hydroponic production of lettuce and, accordingly, human nutrition.
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Macedo-Raygoza GM, Valdez-Salas B, Prado FM, Prieto KR, Yamaguchi LF, Kato MJ, Canto-Canché BB, Carrillo-Beltrán M, Di Mascio P, White JF, Beltrán-García MJ. Enterobacter cloacae, an Endophyte That Establishes a Nutrient-Transfer Symbiosis With Banana Plants and Protects Against the Black Sigatoka Pathogen. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:804. [PMID: 31133991 PMCID: PMC6513882 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.00804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Banana (Musa spp.) is an important crop worldwide, but black Sigatoka disease caused by the fungus Pseudocercospora fijiensis threatens fruit production. In this work, we examined the potential of the endophytes of banana plants Enterobacter cloacae and Klebsiella pneumoniae, as antagonists of P. fijiensis and support plant growth in nutrient limited soils by N-transfer. The two bacterial isolates were identified by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry and corroborated by 16S rRNA sequence analysis. Both bacteria were positive for beneficial traits such as N-fixation, indole acetic acid production, phosphate solubilization, negative for 1-aminocyclopropane 1-carboxylic acid deaminase and were antagonistic to P. fijiensis. To measure the effects on plant growth, the two plant bacteria and an E. coli strain (as non-endophyte), were inoculated weekly for 60 days as active cells (AC) and heat-killed cells (HKC) into plant microcosms without nutrients and compared to a water only treatment, and a mineral nutrients solution (MMN) treatment. Bacterial treatments increased growth parameters and prevented accelerated senescence, which was observed for water and mineral nutrients solution (MMN) treatments used as controls. Plants died after the first 20 days of being irrigated with water; irrigation with MMN enabled plants to develop some new leaves, but plants lost weight (−30%) during the same period. Plants treated with bacteria showed good growth, but E. cloacae AC treated plants had significantly greater biomass than the E. cloacae HKC. After 60 days, plants inoculated with E. cloacae AC showed intracellular bacteria within root cells, suggesting that a stable symbiosis was established. To evaluate the transference of organic N from bacteria into the plants, the 3 bacteria were grown with 15NH4Cl or Na15NO3 as the nitrogen source. The 15N transferred from bacteria to plant tissues was measured by pheophytin isotopomer abundance. The relative abundance of the isotopomers m/z 872.57, 873.57, 874.57, 875.57, 876.57 unequivocally demonstrated that plants acquired 15N atoms directly from bacterial cells, using them as a source of N, to support plant growth in restricted nutrient soils. E. cloacae might be a new alternative to promote growth and health of banana crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria M Macedo-Raygoza
- Engineering Institute, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, Mexico.,Department of Chemistry, Universidad Autónoma de Guadalajara, Zapopan, Mexico
| | | | - Fernanda M Prado
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Katia R Prieto
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.,PPG Ciência Animal, Universidade de Franca, Franca, Brazil
| | - Lydia F Yamaguchi
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Massuo J Kato
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Blondy B Canto-Canché
- Biotechnology Unit, Centro de Investigación Científica de Yucatán A.C., Mérida, Mexico
| | | | - Paolo Di Mascio
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - James F White
- Department of Plant Biology, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, United States
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Yang H, Zhou Y, Zhang Y, Wang J, Shi H. Identification of transcription factors of nitrate reductase gene promoters and NRE2 cis-element through yeast one-hybrid screening in Nicotiana tabacum. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 19:145. [PMID: 30991965 PMCID: PMC6469061 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-019-1724-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to identify the transcription factors of nitrate reductase genes (NIA1 and NIA2) promoters and hypothetical cis-element of NRE2. Based on the constructed cDNA library of Nicotiana tabacum K326, a yeast one-hybrid system was established using the Matchmaker® Gold Yeast One-Hybrid Library Screening System from Clontech. The transcription factors of NIA1 andNIA2 promoters and NRE2 cis-elements were screened. RESULTS After sequencing and bioinformatics analysis, 15 cDNA sequences were identified: 9 for NIA1 (including XP_016503563.1 and NP_001312236.1), 3 for NIA2 (including XP_016510250.1), and 3 for NRE2 (including XM_016576899.1). XP_016503563.1 was annotated in PREDICTED: CRM-domain containing factor CFM3, and NP_001312236.1chloroplastic/mitochondrial-like in Nicotiana tabacum. NP_001312236.1 was annotated in Sulfite oxidase-like of Nicotiana tabacum. XP_016510250.1 was annotated as PREDICTED: uncharacterized protein LOC107827596 in Nicotiana tabacum. XM_016576899.1 was annotated in PREDICTED: Nicotiana tabacum RING-H2 finger protein ATL16-like (LOC107759033). CONCLUSION A yeast one-hybrid library was successfully constructed. The identified transcription factors may provide a theoretical basis for the study of plant nitrate reductase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Yang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Yan Zhou
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Yuning Zhang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Jing Wang
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
| | - Hongzhi Shi
- College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, No. 95 Wenhua Road, Zhengzhou, 450002 Henan China
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Gallart M, Adair KL, Love J, Meason DF, Clinton PW, Xue J, Turnbull MH. Genotypic variation in Pinus radiata responses to nitrogen source are related to changes in the root microbiome. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2019; 94:4982773. [PMID: 29688427 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiy071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Variation in traits within a plant species contributes to differences in soil physicochemistry and rhizosphere microbial communities. However, how intraspecific variation in plant responses to nitrogen (N) shapes these communities remains unclear. We studied whether plant responses to organic and inorganic N forms vary among genotypes, and if these responses were associated with variation in root-associated communities. We investigated how the root microbiomes of two Pinus radiata D. Don genotypes were altered by two years of N-fertilisation in field conditions. We characterised rhizosphere bacterial and fungal communities, as well as root-associated fungal communities, of trees receiving yearly additions of NH4NO3 or L-arginine, and control trees. We also measured plant traits and rhizosphere soil physicochemical properties. Two main findings emerged: (i) N form and tree genotype affected soil physicochemical properties as well as plant measures, and these responses were associated with variation in microbial communities, and (ii) rhizosphere and root-associated communities differed in their responses to N form and host genotype. Our results suggest that N forms have different influences on N and carbon dynamics at the plant-soil interface by inducing root-mediated responses that are associated with shifts in the root microbiome such that communities more closely associated with roots are more sensitive to genotype-specific responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Gallart
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand.,Scion, Private Bag 29237, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand
| | - Karen L Adair
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | - Jonathan Love
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
| | | | | | - Jianming Xue
- Scion, Private Bag 29237, Christchurch 8540, New Zealand
| | - Matthew H Turnbull
- Centre for Integrative Ecology, School of Biological Sciences, University of Canterbury, Private Bag 4800, Christchurch 8041, New Zealand
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Vermiliquer (Vermicompost Leachate) as a Complete Liquid Fertilizer for Hydroponically-Grown Pak Choi (Brassica chinensis L.) in the Tropics. HORTICULTURAE 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae5010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The processing of organic wastes and composts by worms results in castes and vermiliquer (i.e., vermicompost leachate). Both castes and vermiliquer contain plant available nutrients, the latter better suited to hydroponic operations, but the optimum pH for worm productivity and vermiliquer production makes the latter too alkaline for hydroponics. We show that under optimal hydroponic management practices, the growth and yield of pak choi (Brassica chinensis) based entirely on pH buffered vermiliquer collected after 8–10 weeks of vermicomposting was comparable with those treated with a conventional inorganic hydroponic fertiliser. Nitric acid proved to be a superior pH buffer compared with orthophosphoric acid. The total fresh weight in the nitric acid buffered vermiliquer treatments ranged from 70% to 98% of the total fresh weight of the control. However, the non-buffered hydroponic production of pak choi using off-line (batch) vermiliquer or direct linkage with vermifarms was not successful. There were no statistically significant differences between pak choi yields using vermiliquer from kitchen wastes or composted paunch materials. A 50% dilution of vermiliquer led to yield loss, but less proportionately than the dilution, and the use of pot hydroponics rather than nutrient film technique (NFT) hydroponics led to a better performance of pak choi under less favourable conditions. This is the first report of comparable yields between vermiliquer treatments and an inorganic nutrient source and highlights the feasibility and commercial potential of this hydroponic practice.
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Moreau D, Bardgett RD, Finlay RD, Jones DL, Philippot L. A plant perspective on nitrogen cycling in the rhizosphere. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Moreau
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
| | - Richard D. Bardgett
- School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Manchester Manchester UK
| | - Roger D. Finlay
- Department of Forest Mycology and Plant Pathology Uppsala Biocenter, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Uppsala Sweden
| | - David L. Jones
- Environment Centre Wales Bangor University Gwynedd UK
- UWA School of Agriculture and Environment University of Western Australia Crawley Western Australia Australia
| | - Laurent Philippot
- Agroécologie, AgroSup Dijon INRA, Université Bourgogne Franche‐Comté Dijon France
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