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Saha S, Mathi P. Exploring the hygroscopicity and chemical composition evolution in organic-inorganic aerosols: A study on internally mixed malonic acid-metal (Na +, Ca 2+, Mg 2+) nitrates. CHEMOSPHERE 2023:139260. [PMID: 37343644 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.139260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
Chemical transformations in mixed aerosols alter the particulate physical properties. Nitrates and water soluble dicarboxylic acids, such as malonic acid (MA), are major components of ambient aerosol particles. Various metal ions such as, Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+ also become part of these complex aerosol systems during their atmospheric lifetime. Interactions among the co-existing ionic and molecular species govern the chemical changes in the aerosol particles. In this work, we provide a comparative account of the effect of metal ion identity (Na+, Ca2+, Mg2+) on such chemical changes arising from ion-molecular interactions in NaNO3-MA, Ca(NO3)2-MA and Mg(NO3)2-MA mixed inorganic-organic aerosols. In-situ micro-Raman spectroscopy has enabled us to gain molecular level insight on formation of organic salt and simultaneously estimate nitrate depletion in these mixed aerosols during different stages of their hygroscopic cycle. In addition to the nitrate depletion often reported during the drying phase, this study has brought to light an intriguing observation: depletion of nitrate in the humidification phase as well, a phenomenon that has hitherto remained undocumented. For the mixed systems studied here, the extent of nitrate depletion follows the order Mg-MA (58%) > Ca-MA (43%) > Na-MA (15%). The comparatively huge forward shift in the acid displacement reaction equilibrium for the systems, Ca-MA and Mg-MA is driven by complexation. Our results highlight the profound effect of ion-molecular interactions on the acid displacement reaction equilibria in aerosols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhamoy Saha
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085.Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 095, India
| | - P Mathi
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085.Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400 095, India.
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2
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Wang X, Kong X, Liu Q, Li K, Jiang Z, Gai H, Xiao M. Effect of Clay Minerals on Carbonate Precipitation Induced by Cyanobacterium Synechococcus sp. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0036323. [PMID: 37039655 PMCID: PMC10269649 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.00363-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonate precipitation induced by cyanobacteria is an important factor in lacustrine fine-grained carbonate rock genesis. As key components of these rocks, clay minerals play an important role in aggregating cyanobacteria. However, the formation mechanism of fine-grained carbonate under the effect of clay minerals is unclear. In this study, we investigated carbonate precipitation by Synechococcus cells under the influence of clay minerals. The results showed that clay minerals can accelerate Synechococcus aggregation, and the aggregation rate of the kaolinite group was significantly higher than that of montmorillonite. The aggregate size and Synechococcus cell content increased with an increase in clay minerals, resulting in increasing organic matter and carboxyl content in the aggregates. Due to the high affinity between carboxyl and Ca2+, the presence of Synechococcus sp. could improve the Mg/Ca molar ratio in the microenvironment of aggregates, which is conducive to aragonite precipitation. Thus, aragonite 5 to 10 μm in size precipitated when Synechococcus and clay minerals coexisted, whereas low-magnesium calcite (15 to 60 μm) was the main carbonate only in the presence of Synechococcus. This study provides important insights into the mechanisms of microbial-induced carbonate precipitation under the effect of clay minerals, which might offer theoretical support for the genesis of fine-grained lacustrine carbonate. IMPORTANCE The biogenesis of lacustrine fine-grained carbonates is of great significance to the exploitation of shale oil. Clay minerals are an important component of lacustrine fine-grained sedimentary rocks, which is conductive to the aggregation and settlement of cyanobacteria. We investigated the precipitation of carbonate induced by Synechococcus sp. with the addition of kaolinite and montmorillonite. The pH and calcium carbonate saturation of the environment increased under the effect of cyanobacteria photosynthesis. The aggregation of cyanobacteria cells increased the Mg/Ca molar ratio of the microenvironment, creating a favorable condition for the precipitation of aragonite, which was similar in size to the micritic calcite of fine-grained sedimentary rocks. This study provides theoretical support for the genesis of fine-grained carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Xiangxin Kong
- School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Qian Liu
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Zaixing Jiang
- School of Energy Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Hengjun Gai
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
| | - Meng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory Base for Eco-Chemical Engineering in College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, China
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3
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Deng N, Zuo X, Stack AG, Lee SS, Zhou Z, Weber J, Hu Y. Selenite and Selenate Sequestration during Coprecipitation with Barite: Insights from Mineralization Processes of Adsorption, Nucleation, and Growth. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:15518-15527. [PMID: 36322394 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Coprecipitation of selenium oxyanions with barite is a facile way to sequester Se in the environments. However, the chemical composition of Se-barite coprecipitates usually deviates from that predicted from thermodynamic calculations. This discrepancy was resolved by considering variations in nucleation and growth rates controlled by ion-mineral interactions, solubility, and interfacial energy. For homogeneous precipitation, ∼10% of sulfate, higher than thermodynamic predictions (<0.3%), was substituted by Se(IV) or Se(VI) oxyanion, which was attributed to adsorption-induced entrapment during crystal growth. For heterogeneous precipitation, thiol- and carboxylic-based organic films, utilized as model interfaces to mimic the natural organic-abundant environments, further enhanced the sequestration of Se(VI) oxyanions (up to 41-92%) with barite. Such enhancement was kinetically driven by increased nucleation rates of selenate-rich barite having a lower interfacial energy than pure barite. In contrast, only small amounts of Se(IV) oxyanions (∼1%) were detected in heterogeneous coprecipitates mainly due to a lower saturation index of BaSeO3 and deprotonation degree of Se(IV) oxyanion at pH 5.6. These roles of nanoscale mineralization mechanisms observed during composition selection of Se-barite could mark important steps toward the remediation of contaminants through coprecipitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Deng
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas77004, United States
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai200444, China
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Andrew G Stack
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois60439, United States
| | - Zehao Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
| | - Juliane Weber
- Chemical Science Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | - Yandi Hu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas77004, United States
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems, Peking University, Beijing100871, China
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4
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Deng Z, Jia Z, Li L. Biomineralized Materials as Model Systems for Structural Composites: Intracrystalline Structural Features and Their Strengthening and Toughening Mechanisms. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103524. [PMID: 35315243 PMCID: PMC9108615 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Biomineralized composites, which are usually composed of microscopic mineral building blocks organized in 3D intercrystalline organic matrices, have evolved unique structural designs to fulfill mechanical and other biological functionalities. While it has been well recognized that the intricate architectural designs of biomineralized composites contribute to their remarkable mechanical performance, the structural features within and corresponding mechanical properties of individual mineral building blocks are often less appreciated in the context of bio-inspired structural composites. The mineral building blocks in biomineralized composites exhibit a variety of salient intracrystalline structural features, such as, organic inclusions, inorganic impurities (or trace elements), crystalline features (e.g., amorphous phases, single crystals, splitting crystals, polycrystals, and nanograins), residual stress/strain, and twinning, which significantly modify the mechanical properties of biogenic minerals. In this review, recent progress in elucidating the intracrystalline structural features of three most common biomineral systems (calcite, aragonite, and hydroxyapatite) and their corresponding mechanical significance are discussed. Future research directions and corresponding challenges are proposed and discussed, such as the advanced structural characterizations and formation mechanisms of intracrystalline structures in biominerals, amorphous biominerals, and bio-inspired synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifei Deng
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute of Technology and State UniversityBlacksburgVA24060USA
| | - Zian Jia
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute of Technology and State UniversityBlacksburgVA24060USA
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Mechanical EngineeringVirginia Polytechnic Institute of Technology and State UniversityBlacksburgVA24060USA
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Strong Coupling between Biomineral Morphology and Sr/Ca of Arctica islandica (Bivalvia)—Implications for Shell Sr/Ca-Based Temperature Estimates. MINERALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/min12050500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Bivalve shells serve as powerful high-resolution paleoclimate archives. However, the number of reliable temperature proxies is limited. It has remained particularly difficult to extract temperature signals from shell Sr/Ca, although Sr is routinely employed in other biogenic aragonites. In bivalves, Sr/Ca is linked to the prevailing microstructure and is sometimes affected by kinetics. Here, the hypothesis is tested that temperature can be reconstructed from shell Sr/Ca once microstructure and/or growth-rate-related bias has been mathematically eliminated. Therefore, the relationship between Sr/Ca and increment width, as well as biomineral unit size, has been studied in three different shell portions of field-grown Arctica islandica specimens. Subsequently, microstructure and/or growth-rate-related variation was removed from Sr/Ca data and residuals compared to temperature. As demonstrated, the hypothesis could not be verified. Even after detrending, Sr/Ca remained positively correlated to water temperature, which contradicts thermodynamic expectations and findings from inorganic aragonite. Any temperature signal potentially recorded by shell Sr/Ca is overprinted by other environmental forcings. Unless these variables are identified, it will remain impossible to infer temperature from Sr/Ca. Given the coupling with the biomineral unit size, a detailed characterization of the microstructure should remain an integral part of subsequent attempts to reconstruct temperature from Sr/Ca.
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6
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Parmar D, Niu Z, Liang Y, Dai H, Rimer JD. Manipulation of amorphous precursors to enhance zeolite nucleation. Faraday Discuss 2022; 235:322-342. [PMID: 35411361 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00096a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Crystallization in media comprised of amorphous precursors is becoming a more common phenomenon for numerous synthetic, biological, and natural materials that grow by a combination of classical and nonclassical pathways. Amorphous phases can exhibit a wide range of physicochemical properties that may evolve during the course of nucleation and crystal growth. This creates challenges for establishing causal relationships between amorphous precursor properties and their effect(s) on the selection of mechanistic pathways of crystallization and ultimately the properties of the crystalline product. In this study, we examine ways to manipulate the composition and colloidal stability of amorphous (alumino)silicate precursors that are prevalent in nanoporous zeolite syntheses. Changes in the amorphous precursor properties are evaluated on the basis of their ability to enhance rates of crystal formation. Here, we use fumed silica as the primary silicon source and examine the effects of infusing the source or growth medium with additional alkali metal, which serves as an inorganic structure-directing agent to facilitate the formation of porous crystal structures. We also assess the impact of adding a polymer additive, which reduces the colloidal stability of precursors, wherein we posit that the confined pockets of solution within the interstitial spaces of the precursor aggregates play an important role in regulating the rate of zeolite crystallization. Three commercially relevant zeolites (mordenite, SSZ-13, and ZSM-5) were selected for this study based on their diverse frameworks and methods of preparation. Our findings reveal that alkali infusion significantly reduces the crystallization times for mordenite and SSZ-13, but has little impact on ZSM-5 synthesis. Conversely, we find that polymer addition markedly enhanced the rates of crystallization among all three zeolites, suggesting that this method may be a general approach to reduce zeolite synthesis times. Given the relatively high costs associated with commercial zeolite production, identifying new methods to improve the efficiency of hydrothermal syntheses can have significant practical implications beyond the fundamental benefits of developing new routes to tailor nonclassical crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deependra Parmar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Zhiyin Niu
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Yu Liang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Heng Dai
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
| | - Jeffrey D Rimer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX, 77204, USA.
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7
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Huang W, Wang Q, Chi W, Cai M, Wang R, Fu Z, Xie JJ, Zou Z. Multiple Crystallization Pathways of Amorphous Calcium Carbonate in the Presence of Poly(Aspartic acid) with a Chain Length of 30. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00328g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization pathways of amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) have attracted tremendous interests because of the importance of ACC in biomineralization. Here, by using poly(Aspartic acid) with a chain length of...
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8
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Nandre V, Kumbhar N, Battu S, Kale Y, Bagade A, Haram S, Kodam K. Siderophore mediated mineralization of struvite: A novel greener route of sustainable phosphate management. WATER RESEARCH 2021; 203:117511. [PMID: 34375932 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2021.117511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and sustainable removal of phosphate ions from an aqueous solution is of great challenge. Herein we demonstrated a greener route for phosphate recovery through struvite formation by using bacterial siderophore. This method was efficient for removal of phosphate as low as 1.3 mM with 99% recovery efficiency. The siderophore produced by Pseudomonas taiwanensis R-12-2 act as template for the nucleation of struvite crystals and was found sustainable for recycling the phosphorous efficiently after twenty cycles. The formation of struvite crystals is driven by surrounding pH (9.0) and presence of Mg2+ and NH4+ ions along with PO43- and siderophore which was further validated by computational studies. The morphology of struvite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, followed by elemental analysis. Furthermore, our results revealed that the siderophore plays an important role in struvite biomineralization. We have successfully demonstrated the phosphate sequestration by using industrial waste samples, as possible application for environmental sustainability and phosphate conservation. For the first time electrochemical super-capacitance performance of the struvite was studied. The specific capacitance value for the struvite was found to be 320 F g-1 at 1.87 A g-1 and retained 92 % capacitance after 250 cycles. The study revealed the potential implications of siderophore for the phosphate recycling and the new mechanism for biomineralization by sequestering into struvite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Nandre
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Navanath Kumbhar
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Shateesh Battu
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Yuvraj Kale
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Aditi Bagade
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Santosh Haram
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
| | - Kisan Kodam
- Department of Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India.
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9
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In Situ Geochemical Analysis of Organics in Growth Lines of Antarctic Scallop Shells: Implications for Sclerochronology. MINERALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/min10060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Bivalve shells are extensively used as bioarchives for paleoclimate and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. Proxy calibrations in recent shells are the basis for sclerochronology and the applications of geochemistry data to fossils. Shell geochemical information, however, could be altered with the disappearance of intercrystalline organic matrix components, including those linked to shell growth increments, during early diagenesis. Thus, an evaluation of the chemistry of such organics is needed for the correct use of sclerochronological records in fossil shells. Here, we use atom probe tomography (APT) for in situ geochemical characterization of the insoluble organic matrix in shell growth increments in the Antarctic scallop, Adamussium colbecki. We confirm the presence of carboxylated S-rich proteoglycans, possibly involved in calcite nucleation and growth in these scallops, with significant concentrations of magnesium and calcium. Diagenetic modification of these organic components could impact proxy data based on Mg/Ca ratios, but more importantly the use of the δ15N proxy, since most of the shell nitrogen is likely bound to the amide groups of proteins. Overall, our findings reinforce the idea that shell organics need to be accounted for in the understanding of geochemical proxies.
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10
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Shape-preserving amorphous-to-crystalline transformation of CaCO 3 revealed by in situ TEM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:3397-3404. [PMID: 32015117 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1914813117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Organisms use inorganic ions and macromolecules to regulate crystallization from amorphous precursors, endowing natural biominerals with complex morphologies and enhanced properties. The mechanisms by which modifiers enable these shape-preserving transformations are poorly understood. We used in situ liquid-phase transmission electron microscopy to follow the evolution from amorphous calcium carbonate to calcite in the presence of additives. A combination of contrast analysis and infrared spectroscopy shows that Mg ions, which are widely present in seawater and biological fluids, alter the transformation pathway in a concentration-dependent manner. The ions bring excess (structural) water into the amorphous bulk so that a direct transformation is triggered by dehydration in the absence of morphological changes. Molecular dynamics simulations suggest Mg-incorporated water induces structural fluctuations, allowing transformation without the need to nucleate a separate crystal. Thus, the obtained calcite retains the original morphology of the amorphous state, biomimetically achieving the morphological control of crystals seen in biominerals.
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Laipnik R, Bissi V, Sun CY, Falini G, Gilbert PUPA, Mass T. Coral acid rich protein selects vaterite polymorph in vitro. J Struct Biol 2019; 209:107431. [PMID: 31811894 PMCID: PMC7058422 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2019.107431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Corals and other biomineralizing organisms use proteins and other molecules to form different crystalline polymorphs and biomineral structures. In corals, it’s been suggested that proteins such as Coral Acid Rich Proteins (CARPs) play a major role in the polymorph selection of their calcium carbonate (CaCO3) aragonite exoskeleton. To date, four CARPs (1–4) have been characterized: each with a different amino acid composition and different temporal and spatial expression patterns during coral developmental stages. Interestingly, CARP3 is able to alter crystallization pathways in vitro, yet its function in this process remains enigmatic. To better understand the CARP3 function, we performed two independent in vitro CaCO3 polymorph selection experiments using purified recombinant CARP3 at different concentrations and at low or zero Mg2+ concentration. Our results show that, in the absence of Mg2+, CARP3 selects for the vaterite polymorph and inhibits calcite. However, in the presence of a low concentration of Mg2+ and CARP3 both Mg-calcite and vaterite are formed, with the relative amount of Mg-calcite increasing with CARP3 concentration. In all conditions, CARP3 did not select for the aragonite polymorph, which is the polymorph associated to CARP3 in vivo, even in the presence of Mg2+ (Mg:Ca molar ratio equal to 1). These results further emphasize the importance of Mg:Ca molar ratios similar to that in seawater (Mg:Ca equal to 5) and the activity of the biological system in a aragonite polymorph selection in coral skeleton formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ra'anan Laipnik
- Marine Biology Department, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel
| | - Veronica Bissi
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Chang-Yu Sun
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Giuseppe Falini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "Giacomo Ciamician", Università di Bologna, Italy
| | - Pupa U P A Gilbert
- Department of Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA; Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science and Engineering, and Geoscience, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - Tali Mass
- Marine Biology Department, Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences, University of Haifa, Israel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachuan Du
- Soft Materials LaboratoryInstitute of MaterialsEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Schweiz
| | - Esther Amstad
- Soft Materials LaboratoryInstitute of MaterialsEcole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) 1015 Lausanne Schweiz
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13
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Du H, Amstad E. Water: How Does It Influence the CaCO 3 Formation? Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1798-1816. [PMID: 31081984 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201903662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Nature produces biomineral-based materials with a fascinating set of properties using only a limited number of elements. This set of properties is obtained by closely controlling the structure and local composition of the biominerals. We are far from achieving the same degree of control over the properties of synthetic biomineral-based composites. One reason for this inferior control is our incomplete understanding of the influence of the synthesis conditions and additives on the structure and composition of the forming biominerals. In this Review, we provide an overview of the current understanding of the influence of synthesis conditions and additives during different formation stages of CaCO3 , one of the most abundant biominerals, on the structure, composition, and properties of the resulting CaCO3 crystals. In addition, we summarize currently known means to tune these parameters. Throughout the Review, we put special emphasis on the role of water in mediating the formation of CaCO3 and thereby influencing its structure and properties, an often overlooked aspect that is of high relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huachuan Du
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Esther Amstad
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), 1015, Lausanne, Switzerland
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14
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Can Primary Ferroan Dolomite and Ankerite Be Precipitated? Its Implications for Formation of Submarine Methane-Derived Authigenic Carbonate (MDAC) Chimney. MINERALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/min9070413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Microbes can mediate the precipitation of primary dolomite under surface conditions. Meanwhile, primary dolomite mediated by microbes often contains more Fe2+ than standard dolomite in modern microbial culture experiments. Ferroan dolomite and ankerite have been regarded as secondary products. This paper reviews the process and possible mechanisms of microbial mediated precipitation of primary ferroan dolomite and/or ankerite. In the microbial geochemical Fe cycle, many dissimilatory iron-reducing bacteria (DIRB), sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB), and methanogens can reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+, while SRB and methanogens can also promote the precipitation of primary dolomite. There are an oxygen respiration zone (ORZ), an iron reduction zone (IRZ), a sulfate reduction zone (SRZ), and a methanogenesis zone (MZ) from top to bottom in the muddy sediment diagenesis zone. DIRB in IRZ provide the lower section with Fe2+, which composes many enzymes and proteins to participate in metabolic processes of SRB and methanogens. Lastly, heterogeneous nucleation of ferroan dolomite on extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and cell surfaces is mediated by SRB and methanogens. Exploring the origin of microbial ferroan dolomite may help to solve the “dolomite problem”.
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15
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Rivera-Perez C, Magallanes-Dominguez C, Dominguez-Beltran RV, Ojeda-Ramirez de Areyano JJ, Hernandez-Saavedra NY. Biochemical and molecular characterization of N66 from the shell of Pinctada mazatlanica. PeerJ 2019; 7:e7212. [PMID: 31293836 PMCID: PMC6599672 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.7212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Mollusk shell mineralization is a tightly controlled process made by shell matrix proteins (SMPs). However, the study of SMPs has been limited to a few model species. In this study, the N66 mRNA of the pearl oyster Pinctada mazatlanica was cloned and functionally characterized. The full sequence of the N66 mRNA comprises 1,766 base pairs, and encodes one N66 protein. A sequence analysis revealed that N66 contained two carbonic anhydrase (CA) domains, a NG domain and several glycosylation sites. The sequence showed similarity to the CA VII but also with its homolog protein nacrein. The native N66 protein was isolated from the shell and identified by mass spectrometry, the peptide sequence matched to the nucleotide sequence obtained. Native N66 is a glycoprotein with a molecular mass of 60-66 kDa which displays CA activity and calcium carbonate precipitation ability in presence of different salts. Also, a recombinant form of N66 was produced in Escherichia coli, and functionally characterized. The recombinant N66 displayed higher CA activity and crystallization capability than the native N66, suggesting that the lack of posttranslational modifications in the recombinant N66 might modulate its activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crisalejandra Rivera-Perez
- Department of Fisheries Ecology, CONACyT-Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Catalina Magallanes-Dominguez
- Department of Fisheries Ecology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | | | - Josafat Jehu Ojeda-Ramirez de Areyano
- Department of Fisheries Ecology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
| | - Norma Y. Hernandez-Saavedra
- Department of Fisheries Ecology, Molecular Genetics Laboratory, Centro de Investigaciones Biologicas del Noroeste (CIBNOR), La Paz, Baja California Sur, Mexico
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16
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Organic-mineral interfacial chemistry drives heterogeneous nucleation of Sr-rich (Ba x , Sr 1-x )SO 4 from undersaturated solution. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:13221-13226. [PMID: 31113880 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1821065116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sr-bearing marine barite [(Ba x , Sr1-x )SO4] cycling has been widely used to reconstruct geochemical evolutions of paleoenvironments. However, an understanding of barite precipitation in the ocean, which is globally undersaturated with respect to barite, is missing. Moreover, the reason for the occurrence of higher Sr content in marine barites than expected for classical crystal growth processes remains unknown. Field data analyses suggested that organic molecules may regulate the formation and composition of marine barites; however, the specific organic-mineral interactions are unclear. Using in situ grazing incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), size and total volume evolutions of barite precipitates on organic films were characterized. The results show that barite forms on organic films from undersaturated solutions. Moreover, from a single supersaturated solution with respect to barite, Sr-rich barite nanoparticles formed on organics, while micrometer-size Sr-poor barites formed in bulk solutions. Ion adsorption experiments showed that organic films can enrich cation concentrations in the adjacent solution, thus increasing the local supersaturation and promoting barite nucleation on organic films, even when the bulk solution was undersaturated. The Sr enrichment in barites formed on organic films was found to be controlled by solid-solution nucleation rates; instead, the Sr-poor barite formation in bulk solution was found to be controlled by solid-solution growth rates. This study provides a mechanistic explanation for Sr-rich marine barite formation and offers insights for understanding and controlling the compositions of solid solutions by separately tuning their nucleation and growth rates via the unique chemistry of solution-organic interfaces.
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17
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Effects of Phosphorus in Growth Media on Biomineralization and Cell Surface Properties of Marine Cyanobacteria Synechococcus. GEOSCIENCES 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8120471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Through geological time, cyanobacterial picoplankton have impacted the global carbon cycle by sequestrating CO2 and forming authigenic carbonate minerals. Various studies have emphasized the cyanobacterial cell envelopes as nucleation sites for calcium carbonate formation. Little is known, however, about how environmental conditions (e.g., nutrient content) trigger a cell surface and its properties and, consequently, influence biomineralization. Our study aims to understand how phosphorus (P) concentration impacts the properties of cell surfaces and cell–mineral interactions. Changes to the surface properties of marine Synechococcus strains grown under various P conditions were characterized by potentiometric titrations, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS). Biomineralization experiments were performed using cyanobacterial cells, which were grown under different P concentrations and exposed to solutions slightly oversaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. We observed the changes induced by different P conditions in the macromolecular composition of the cyanobacteria cell envelope and its consequences for biomineralization. The modified properties of cell surfaces were linked to carbonate precipitation rates and mineral morphology from biomineralization experiments. Our analysis shows that the increase of phosphoryl groups and surface charge, as well as the relative proportion of polysaccharides and proteins, can impact carbonate precipitation by picocyanobacteria.
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18
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Leukel S, Mondeshki M, Tremel W. Hydrogen Bonding in Amorphous Alkaline Earth Carbonates. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:11289-11298. [PMID: 30124292 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Amorphous intermediates play a crucial role during the crystallization of alkaline earth carbonates. We synthesized amorphous carbonates of magnesium, calcium, strontium, and barium from methanolic solution. The local environment of water and the strength of hydrogen bonding in these hydrated modifications were probed with Fourier transform IR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and heteronuclear correlation experiments. Temperature-dependent spin-lattice (T1) relaxation experiments provided information about the water motion in the amorphous materials. The Pearson hardness of the respective divalent metal cation predominantly determines the strength of the internal hydrogen-bonding network. Amorphous magnesium carbonate deviates from the remaining carbonates, as it contains additional hydroxide ions, which act as strong hydrogen-bond acceptors. Amorphous calcium carbonate exhibits the weakest hydrogen bonds of all alkaline earth carbonates. Our study provides a coherent picture of the hydrogen bonding situation in these transient species and thereby contributes to a deeper understanding of the crystallization process of carbonates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Leukel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie , Johannes Gutenberg-Universität , Duesbergweg 10-14 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany.,Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz , Staudingerweg 9 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Mihail Mondeshki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie , Johannes Gutenberg-Universität , Duesbergweg 10-14 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
| | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie und Analytische Chemie , Johannes Gutenberg-Universität , Duesbergweg 10-14 , D-55128 Mainz , Germany
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19
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Mor Khalifa G, Kahil K, Erez J, Kaplan Ashiri I, Shimoni E, Pinkas I, Addadi L, Weiner S. Characterization of unusual MgCa particles involved in the formation of foraminifera shells using a novel quantitative cryo SEM/EDS protocol. Acta Biomater 2018; 77:342-351. [PMID: 30026104 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Quantifying ion concentrations and mapping their intracellular distributions at high resolution can provide much insight into the formation of biomaterials. The key to achieving this goal is cryo-fixation, where the biological materials, tissues and associated solutions are rapidly frozen and preserved in a vitreous state. We developed a correlative cryo-Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM)/Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) protocol that provides quantitative elemental analysis correlated with spatial imaging of cryo-immobilized specimens. We report the accuracy and sensitivity of the cryo-EDS method, as well as insights we derive on biomineralization pathways in a foraminifer. Foraminifera are marine protozoans that produce Mg-containing calcitic shells and are major calcifying organisms in the oceans. We use the cryo-SEM/EDS correlative method to characterize unusual Mg and Ca-rich particles in the cytoplasm of a benthic foraminifer. The Mg/Ca ratio of these particles is consistently lower than that of seawater, the source solution for these ions. We infer that these particles are involved in Ca ion supply to the shell. We document the internal structure of the MgCa particles, which in some cases include a separate Si rich core phase. This approach to mapping ion distribution in cryo-preserved specimens may have broad applications to other mineralized biomaterials. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Ions are an integral part of life, and some ions play fundamental roles in cell metabolism. Determining the concentrations of ions in cells and between cells, as well as their distributions at high resolution can provide valuable insights into ion uptake, storage, functions and the formation of biomaterials. Here we present a new cryo-SEM/EDS protocol that allows the mapping of different ion distributions in solutions and biological samples that have been cryo-preserved. We demonstrate the value of this novel approach by characterizing a novel biogenic mineral phase rich in Mg found in foraminifera, single celled marine organisms. This method has wide applicability in biology, and especially in understanding the formation and function of mineral-containing hard tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gal Mor Khalifa
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Keren Kahil
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Jonathan Erez
- Institute of Earth Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
| | - Ifat Kaplan Ashiri
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Eyal Shimoni
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Iddo Pinkas
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Lia Addadi
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
| | - Steve Weiner
- Department of Structural Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel.
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20
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Yu PT, Tsao C, Wang CC, Chang CY, Wang CH, Chan JCC. High-Magnesium Calcite Mesocrystals: Formation in Aqueous Solution under Ambient Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201708507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Tao Yu
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chieh Tsao
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Jerry Chun Chung Chan
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
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21
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Yu PT, Tsao C, Wang CC, Chang CY, Wang CH, Chan JCC. High-Magnesium Calcite Mesocrystals: Formation in Aqueous Solution under Ambient Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:16202-16206. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201708507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pao-Tao Yu
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chieh Tsao
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Chieh Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Chun-Yu Chang
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
| | - Chia-Hsin Wang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center; Hsinchu 30076 Taiwan
| | - Jerry Chun Chung Chan
- Department of Chemistry; National (Taiwan) University; No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan
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22
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Ye T, Jin XY, Chen L, Hu C, Ren J, Liu YJ, Wu G, Chen LJ, Chen HZ, Li HY. Shape change of calcite single crystals to accommodate interfacial curvature: Crystallization in presence of Mg 2+ ions and agarose gel-networks. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Branson O, Bonnin EA, Perea DE, Spero HJ, Zhu Z, Winters M, Hönisch B, Russell AD, Fehrenbacher JS, Gagnon AC. Nanometer-Scale Chemistry of a Calcite Biomineralization Template: Implications for Skeletal Composition and Nucleation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:12934-12939. [PMID: 27794119 PMCID: PMC5135321 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1522864113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plankton, corals, and other organisms produce calcium carbonate skeletons that are integral to their survival, form a key component of the global carbon cycle, and record an archive of past oceanographic conditions in their geochemistry. A key aspect of the formation of these biominerals is the interaction between organic templating structures and mineral precipitation processes. Laboratory-based studies have shown that these atomic-scale processes can profoundly influence the architecture and composition of minerals, but their importance in calcifying organisms is poorly understood because it is difficult to measure the chemistry of in vivo biomineral interfaces at spatially relevant scales. Understanding the role of templates in biomineral nucleation, and their importance in skeletal geochemistry requires an integrated, multiscale approach, which can place atom-scale observations of organic-mineral interfaces within a broader structural and geochemical context. Here we map the chemistry of an embedded organic template structure within a carbonate skeleton of the foraminifera Orbulina universa using both atom probe tomography (APT), a 3D chemical imaging technique with Ångström-level spatial resolution, and time-of-flight secondary ionization mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS), a 2D chemical imaging technique with submicron resolution. We quantitatively link these observations, revealing that the organic template in O. universa is uniquely enriched in both Na and Mg, and contributes to intraskeletal chemical heterogeneity. Our APT analyses reveal the cation composition of the organic surface, offering evidence to suggest that cations other than Ca2+, previously considered passive spectator ions in biomineral templating, may be important in defining the energetics of carbonate nucleation on organic templates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Branson
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
| | - Elisa A Bonnin
- School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Daniel E Perea
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Howard J Spero
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616;
| | - Zihua Zhu
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Maria Winters
- Environmental Molecular Science Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352
| | - Bärbel Hönisch
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964
| | - Ann D Russell
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Jennifer S Fehrenbacher
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331
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24
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Rodríguez-Navarro C, Ruiz-Agudo E, Harris J, Wolf SE. Nonclassical crystallization in vivo et in vitro (II): Nanogranular features in biomimetic minerals disclose a general colloid-mediated crystal growth mechanism. J Struct Biol 2016; 196:260-287. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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25
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Sridharan B, Ganesh RN, Viswanathan P. Polyacrylic acid attenuates ethylene glycol induced hyperoxaluric damage and prevents crystal aggregation in vitro and in vivo. Chem Biol Interact 2016; 252:36-46. [PMID: 27018375 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2016.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 03/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The study explores calcium oxalate crystal inhibiting characteristic of polyacrylic acid (pAA), an anionic polymer in in vitro and in vivo. Animals were divided into 5 groups where group 1 served as control, group 2 were made hyperoxaluric by supplementing with Ethylene glycol (EG) 0.75% (v/v) for 30 days. Group 3, 4 & 5 were also given with EG and treated simultaneously with 2.5, 5 & 10 mg of pAA/kg of body weight, respectively. Urine, serum and tissue analyses along with histological studies were performed at the end of the 30 days study. In vitro crystallization was significantly inhibited by pAA and further it was supported by particle size analyses, XRD and FT-IR studies. Toxicological analyses showed that pAA was safe to use in animals at concentrations below 100 mg/kg BW. In vivo anti-urolithic study showed significant improvement in urinary lithogenic factors (calcium, oxalate, phosphate, citrate & magnesium) and renal function parameters (creatinine, urea and protein). Tissue analyses on anti-oxidant enzyme activity and lipid peroxides showed maintenance of tissue antioxidant status in the pAA supplemented rats and histological studies demonstrated the nephroprotection offered by pAA and were concurrent to the biochemical analyses. Supplementation of pAA not only reduces the crystal aggregation but also regulates the expression and localization of crystal inhibiting proteins and gene expression of inflammatory cytokines in experimental animals. In summary, pAA is a potent anti-urolithic agent in rats and we can propose that 10 mg/kg body weight is the effective dosage of pAA and this concentration can be used for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badrinathan Sridharan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Nachiappa Ganesh
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research (JIPMER), Dhanvantri Nagar, Puducherry, India
| | - Pragasam Viswanathan
- Renal Research Lab, Centre for Biomedical Research, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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26
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Sancho-Tomás M, Fermani S, Reggi M, García-Ruiz JM, Gómez-Morales J, Falini G. Polypeptide effect on Mg2+hydration inferred from CaCO3formation: a biomineralization study by counter-diffusion. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ce00184j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Yang H, Chai S, Zhang Y, Ma Y. A study on the influence of sodium carbonate concentration on the synthesis of high Mg calcites. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce01821h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
High Mg calcites in pure phase with controlled magnesium contents were synthesized by using amorphous precursor through a hydrothermal process in the absence of organic additives. It is found that the Mg contents in the high Mg calcites increase with the increase of the molar ratios of carbonate and calcium ions in the mother solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Yang
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing, China
| | | | - Yuzhe Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Ma
- College of Chemistry
- Peking University
- Beijing, China
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28
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Su J, Zhu F, Zhang G, Wang H, Xie L, Zhang R. Transformation of amorphous calcium carbonate nanoparticles into aragonite controlled by ACCBP. CrystEngComm 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce02288f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymorph switching of calcium carbonate controlled by amorphous calcium carbonate-binding protein, an extrapallial fluid (EPF) protein from the pearl oyster, is investigated. The polymorph selection in nacre or pearl growth may be controlled not only by the nucleating template on the matrix but also by the physicochemical effects of EPF proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingtan Su
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Fangjie Zhu
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guiyou Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hongzhong Wang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Liping Xie
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
| | - Rongqing Zhang
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084, China
- Protein Science Laboratory of the Ministry of Education
- Tsinghua University
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29
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DeVol RT, Sun CY, Marcus MA, Coppersmith SN, Myneni SCB, Gilbert PU. Nanoscale Transforming Mineral Phases in Fresh Nacre. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:13325-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5b07931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ross T. DeVol
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Chang-Yu Sun
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Matthew A. Marcus
- Advanced
Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron
Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Susan N. Coppersmith
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Satish C. B. Myneni
- Department
of Geosciences, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Pupa U.P.A. Gilbert
- Department
of Physics, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1150 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin−Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
- Radcliffe
Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, 8 Garden Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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30
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Li Z, Xue Q, Liu L, Li J. Precipitates in landfill leachate mediated by dissolved organic matters. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2015; 287:278-286. [PMID: 25661175 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Clogging of landfill leachate collection system is so ubiquitous that it causes problems to landfills. Although precipitations of calcite and other minerals have been widely observed, the mechanism of precipitation remains obscure. We examined the clog composition, dissolved organic matters, leachate chemical compositions and the correlation of these variables in view of the precipitation process. It is shown that Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC) inhibits precipitation of landfill leachate. Using the advanced NICA-Donnan model, the analysis of aqueous chemical reactions between Mg-Ca-DOC-CO2 suggests a good agreement with experimental observations. Calcite and dolomite are both found to be oversaturated in most of the landfill leachate samples. DOC is found to preferentially bind with Mg than Ca, leading to more likely precipitation of Calcite than dolomite from landfill leachate. The NICA-Donnan model gives a reasonable estimation of dolomite saturation index in a wide range of DOC. Modeling confirms the major precipitation mechanism in terms of alkaline earth metal carbonate. Uncertainties in model parameters are discussed with particular focus on DOC composition, functional group types and density concentration and the influential factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenze Li
- Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, China Academy of Science, Wuhan, China.
| | - Qiang Xue
- Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, China Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Lei Liu
- Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, China Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
| | - Jiangshan Li
- Wuhan Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics, China Academy of Science, Wuhan, China
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31
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Bach S, Celinski VR, Dietzsch M, Panthöfer M, Bienert R, Emmerling F, Schmedt auf der Günne J, Tremel W. Thermally Highly Stable Amorphous Zinc Phosphate Intermediates during the Formation of Zinc Phosphate Hydrate. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:2285-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ja5103663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sven Bach
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate
School, Materials Science in Mainz, Staudinger Weg 9, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Vinicius R. Celinski
- Inorganic
Materials Chemistry, University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Straße 2, D-57068 Siegen, Germany
| | - Michael Dietzsch
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Martin Panthöfer
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ralf Bienert
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Franziska Emmerling
- Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Wolfgang Tremel
- Institute
of Inorganic Chemistry and Analytical Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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32
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Biomimetic synthesis of struvite with biogenic morphology and implication for pathological biomineralization. Sci Rep 2015; 5:7718. [PMID: 25591814 PMCID: PMC4296295 DOI: 10.1038/srep07718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent studies have found that certain urinary proteins can efficiently inhibit stone formation. These discoveries are significant for developing effective therapies for stone disease, but the inhibition mechanism of crystallization remains elusive. In the present study, polyaspartic acid (PASP) was employed as a model peptide to investigate the effect of urinary proteins on the crystallization and morphological evolution of struvite. The results demonstrate that selective adsorption/binding of PASP onto the {010} and {101} faces of struvite crystals results in arrowhead-shaped morphology, which further evolves into X-shaped and unusual tabular structures with time. Noticeably, these morphologies are reminiscent of biogenic struvite morphology. Concentration-dependent experiments show that PASP can inhibit struvite growth and the inhibitory capacity increases with increasing PASP concentration, whereas aspartic acid monomers do not show a significant effect. Considering that PASP is a structural and functional analogue of the subdomains of aspartic acid-rich proteins, our results reveal that aspartic acid-rich proteins play a key role in regulating biogenic struvite morphology, and aspartic acid residues contribute to the inhibitory capacity of urinary proteins. The potential implications of PASP for developing therapeutic agents for urinary stone disease is also discussed.
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33
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Kababya S, Gal A, Kahil K, Weiner S, Addadi L, Schmidt A. Phosphate-water interplay tunes amorphous calcium carbonate metastability: spontaneous phase separation and crystallization vs stabilization viewed by solid state NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:990-8. [PMID: 25523637 DOI: 10.1021/ja511869g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Organisms tune the metastability of amorphous calcium carbonates (ACC), often by incorporation of additives such as phosphate ions and water molecules, to serve diverse functions, such as modulating the availability of calcium reserves or constructing complex skeletal scaffolds. Although the effect of additive distribution on ACC was noted for several biogenic and synthetic systems, the molecular mechanisms by which additives govern ACC stability are not well understood. By precipitating ACC in the presence of different PO4(3-) concentrations and regulating the initial water content, we identify conditions yielding either kinetically locked or spontaneously transforming coprecipitates. Solid state NMR, supported by FTIR, XRD, and electron microscopy, define the interactions of phosphate and water within the initial amorphous matrix, showing that initially the coprecipitates are homogeneous molecular dispersions of structural water and phosphate in ACC, and a small fraction of P-rich phases. Monitoring the transformations of the homogeneous phase shows that PO4(3-) and waters are extracted first, and they phase separate, leading to solid-solid transformation of ACC to calcite; small part of ACC forms vaterite that subsequently converts to calcite. The simultaneous water-PO4(3-) extraction is the key for the subsequent water-mediated accumulation and crystallization of hydroxyapatite (HAp) and carbonated hydroxyapatite. The thermodynamic driving force for the transformations is calcite crystallization, yet it is gated by specific combinations of water-phosphate levels in the initial amorphous coprecipitates. The molecular details of the spontaneously transforming ACC and of the stabilized ACC modulated by phosphate and water at ambient conditions, provide insight into biogenic and biomimetic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shifi Kababya
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Russell Berrie Nanotechnology Institute, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000, Israel
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34
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Wolf SLP, Jähme K, Gebauer D. Synergy of Mg2+ and poly(aspartic acid) in additive-controlled calcium carbonate precipitation. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00452g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Distinct synergistic effects of poly(aspartic acid) and magnesium ions found during CaCO3 precipitation are important for biomineralisation and antiscaling strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan L. P. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Kathrin Jähme
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Denis Gebauer
- Department of Chemistry
- Physical Chemistry
- University of Konstanz
- 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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35
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Bertran O, Valle LJD, Revilla-López G, Rivas M, Chaves G, Casas MT, Casanovas J, Turon P, Puiggalí J, Alemán C. Synergistic Approach to Elucidate the Incorporation of Magnesium Ions into Hydroxyapatite. Chemistry 2014; 21:2537-46. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201405428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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Grunenfelder LK, Herrera S, Kisailus D. Crustacean-derived biomimetic components and nanostructured composites. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2014; 10:3207-3232. [PMID: 24833136 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201400559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Over millions of years, the crustacean exoskeleton has evolved into a rigid, tough, and complex cuticle that is used for structural support, mobility, protection of vital organs, and defense against predation. The crustacean cuticle is characterized by a hierarchically arranged chitin fiber scaffold, mineralized predominately by calcium carbonate and/or calcium phosphate. The structural organization of the mineral and organic within the cuticle occurs over multiple length scales, resulting in a strong and tough biological composite. Here, the ultrastructural details observed in three species of crustacean are reviewed: the American lobster (Homarus americanus), the edible crab (Cancer pagurus), and the peacock mantis shrimp (Odontodactylus scyllarus). The Review concludes with a discussion of recent advances in the development of biomimetics with controlled organic scaffolding, mineralization, and the construction of nanoscale composites, inspired by the organization and formation of the crustacean cuticle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lessa Kay Grunenfelder
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Bourns Hall B357, Rvierside, CA, 92521, USA
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37
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Lee N, Sverjensky DA, Hazen RM. Cooperative and competitive adsorption of amino acids with Ca²⁺ on rutile (α-TiO₂). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2014; 48:9358-9365. [PMID: 25008162 DOI: 10.1021/es501980y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The interactions of biomolecules such as amino acids with mineral surfaces in the near-surface environment are an important part of the short and long-term carbon cycles. Amino acid-mineral surface interactions also play an important role in biomineralization, biomedicine, and in assembling the building blocks of life in the prebiotic era. Although the pH effects during adsorption of amino acids onto mineral surfaces have been studied, little is known about the effects of environmentally important divalent cations. In this study, we investigated the adsorption of the oppositely charged amino acids glutamate and lysine with and without the addition of divalent calcium. Without calcium, glutamate shows a maximum in adsorption at a pH of ∼4 and lysine shows a maximum in adsorption at a pH of ∼9.4. In comparison, with calcium present, glutamate showed maxima in adsorption at both low and high pH, whereas lysine showed no adsorption at all. These dramatic effects can be described as cooperative adsorption between glutamate and Ca(2+) and as competitive adsorption between lysine and Ca(2+). The origin of these effects can be attributed to electrostatic phenomena. Adsorption of Ca(2+) at high pH makes the rutile surface more positive, which attracts glutamate and repels lysine. Our results indicate that the interactions of biomolecules with mineral surfaces in the environment will be strongly affected by the major dissolved species in natural waters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Namhey Lee
- Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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38
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Abstract
This study describes a new procedure to synthesize amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) from well-characterized solutions that maintain a constant supersaturation. The method uses a mixed flow reactor to prepare ACC in significant quantities with consistent compositions. The experimental design utilizes a high-precision solution pump that enables the reactant solution to continuously flow through the reactor under constant mixing and allows the precipitation of ACC to reach steady state. As a proof of concept, we produced ACC with controlled Mg contents by regulating the Mg/Ca ratio of the input solution and the carbonate concentration and pH. Our findings show that the Mg/Ca ratio of the reactant solution is the primary control for the Mg content in ACC, as shown in previous studies, but ACC composition is further regulated by the carbonate concentration and pH of the reactant solution. The method offers promise for quantitative studies of ACC composition and properties and for investigating the role of this phase as a reactive precursor to biogenic minerals.
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39
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Müller WE, Schlossmacher U, Schröder HC, Lieberwirth I, Glasser G, Korzhev M, Neufurth M, Wang X. Enzyme-accelerated and structure-guided crystallization of calcium carbonate: role of the carbonic anhydrase in the homologous system. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:450-62. [PMID: 23978410 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/13/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The calcareous spicules from sponges, e.g. from Sycon raphanus, are composed of almost pure calcium carbonate. In order to elucidate the formation of those structural skeletal elements, the function of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA), isolated from this species, during the in vitro calcium carbonate-based spicule formation, was investigated. It is shown that the recombinant sponge CA substantially accelerates calcium carbonate formation in the in vitro diffusion assay. A stoichiometric calculation revealed that the turnover rate of the sponge CA during the calcification process amounts to 25 CO2s(-1) × molecule CA(-1). During this enzymatically driven process, initially pat-like particles are formed that are subsequently transformed to rhomboid/rhombohedroid crystals with a dimension of ~50 μm. The CA-catalyzed particles are smaller than those which are formed in the absence of the enzyme. The Martens hardness of the particles formed is ~4 GPa, a value which had been determined for other biogenic calcites. This conclusion is corroborated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, which revealed that the particles synthesized are composed predominantly of the elements calcium, oxygen and carbon. Surprising was the finding, obtained by light and scanning electron microscopy, that the newly formed calcitic crystals associate with the calcareous spicules from S. raphanus in a highly ordered manner; the calcitic crystals almost perfectly arrange in an array orientation along the two opposing planes of the spicules, leaving the other two plane arrays uncovered. It is concluded that the CA is a key enzyme controlling the calcium carbonate biomineralization process, which directs the newly formed particles to existing calcareous spicular structures. It is expected that with the given tools new bioinspired materials can be fabricated.
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40
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Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Schlossmacher U, Schröder HC, Pisignano D, Wang X. The sponge silicatein-interacting protein silintaphin-2 blocks calcite formation of calcareous sponge spicules at the vaterite stage. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra45193c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
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41
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Pan C, Fang D, Xu G, Liang J, Zhang G, Wang H, Xie L, Zhang R. A novel acidic matrix protein, PfN44, stabilizes magnesium calcite to inhibit the crystallization of aragonite. J Biol Chem 2013; 289:2776-87. [PMID: 24302723 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.504027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Magnesium is widely used to control calcium carbonate deposition in the shell of pearl oysters. Matrix proteins in the shell are responsible for nucleation and growth of calcium carbonate crystals. However, there is no direct evidence supporting a connection between matrix proteins and magnesium. Here, we identified a novel acidic matrix protein named PfN44 that affected aragonite formation in the shell of the pearl oyster Pinctada fucata. Using immunogold labeling assays, we found PfN44 in both the nacreous and prismatic layers. In shell repair, PfN44 was repressed, whereas other matrix proteins were up-regulated. Disturbing the function of PfN44 by RNAi led to the deposition of porous nacreous tablets with overgrowth of crystals in the nacreous layer. By in vitro circular dichroism spectra and fluorescence quenching, we found that PfN44 bound to both calcium and magnesium with a stronger affinity for magnesium. During in vitro calcium carbonate crystallization and calcification of amorphous calcium carbonate, PfN44 regulated the magnesium content of crystalline carbonate polymorphs and stabilized magnesium calcite to inhibit aragonite deposition. Taken together, our results suggested that by stabilizing magnesium calcite to inhibit aragonite deposition, PfN44 participated in P. fucata shell formation. These observations extend our understanding of the connections between matrix proteins and magnesium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Pan
- From the Institute of Marine Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and
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42
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Long X, Ma Y, Qi L. Biogenic and synthetic high magnesium calcite - a review. J Struct Biol 2013; 185:1-14. [PMID: 24291472 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsb.2013.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Systematic studies on the Mg distributions, the crystal orientations, the formation mechanisms and the mechanical properties of biogenic high-Mg calcites in different marine organisms were summarized in detail in this review. The high-Mg calcites in the hard tissues of marine organisms mentioned generally own a few common features as follows. Firstly, the Mg distribution is not uniform in most of the minerals. Secondly, high-Mg calcite biominerals are usually composed of nanoparticles that own almost the same crystallographic orientations and thus they behave like single crystals or mesocrystals. Thirdly, the formation of thermodynamically unstable high-Mg calcites in marine organisms under mild conditions is affected by three key factors, that is, the formation of amorphous calcium (magnesium) carbonate precursor, the control of polymorph via biomolecules and the high Mg/Ca ratios in modern sea. Lastly, the existence of Mg ions in the Mg-containing calcite may improve the mechanical properties of biogenic minerals. Furthermore, the key progress in the synthesis of high-Mg calcites in the laboratory based on the formation mechanisms of the biogenic high-Mg calcites was reviewed. Many researchers have realized the synthesis of high-Mg calcites in the laboratory under ambient conditions with the help of intermediate amorphous phase, mixed solvents, organic/inorganic surfaces and soluble additives. Studies on the structural analysis and formation mechanisms of thermodynamically unstable biogenic high-Mg calcite minerals may shed light on the preparation of functional materials with enhanced mechanical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Long
- Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Yurong Ma
- Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
| | - Limin Qi
- Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
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43
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Lioi DB, Cilwa KE, McCormack M, Malone MA, Coe JV. Infrared Spectral Model for Subwavelength Particles of Mixed Composition based on the Spectra of Individual Particles with Calibration Data for Airborne Dust. J Phys Chem A 2013; 117:11297-307. [PMID: 24102475 DOI: 10.1021/jp405619e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David B. Lioi
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1173, United States
| | - Katherine E. Cilwa
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1173, United States
| | - Matthew McCormack
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1173, United States
| | - Marvin A. Malone
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1173, United States
| | - James V. Coe
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1173, United States
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44
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Surface chemistry allows for abiotic precipitation of dolomite at low temperature. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2013; 110:14540-5. [PMID: 23964124 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1305403110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the mineral dolomite is abundant in ancient low-temperature sedimentary systems, it is scarce in modern systems below 50 °C. Chemical mechanism(s) enhancing its formation remain an enigma because abiotic dolomite has been challenging to synthesize at low temperature in laboratory settings. Microbial enhancement of dolomite precipitation at low temperature has been reported; however, it is still unclear exactly how microorganisms influence reaction kinetics. Here we document the abiotic synthesis of low-temperature dolomite in laboratory experiments and constrain possible mechanisms for dolomite formation. Ancient and modern seawater solution compositions, with identical pH and pCO2, were used to precipitate an ordered, stoichiometric dolomite phase at 30 °C in as few as 20 d. Mg-rich phases nucleate exclusively on carboxylated polystyrene spheres along with calcite, whereas aragonite forms in solution via homogeneous nucleation. We infer that Mg ions are complexed and dewatered by surface-bound carboxyl groups, thus decreasing the energy required for carbonation. These results indicate that natural surfaces, including organic matter and microbial biomass, possessing a high density of carboxyl groups may be a mechanism by which ordered dolomite nuclei form. Although environments rich in organic matter may be of interest, our data suggest that sharp biogeochemical interfaces that promote microbial death, as well as those with high salinity may, in part, control carboxyl-group density on organic carbon surfaces, consistent with origin of dolomites from microbial biofilms, as well as hypersaline and mixing zone environments.
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45
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Müller WE, Schröder HC, Schlossmacher U, Neufurth M, Geurtsen W, Korzhev M, Wang X. The enzyme carbonic anhydrase as an integral component of biogenic Ca-carbonate formation in sponge spicules. FEBS Open Bio 2013; 3:357-62. [PMID: 24251096 PMCID: PMC3821024 DOI: 10.1016/j.fob.2013.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2013] [Revised: 08/07/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The inorganic scaffold of the spicules, the skeletal elements of the calcareous sponges, is formed of calcium carbonate (CaCO3). The growth of the approximately 300-μm large spicules, such as those of the calcareous sponge Sycon raphanus used in the present study, is a rapid process with a rate of about 65 μm/h. The formation of CaCO3 is predominantly carried out by the enzyme carbonic anhydrase (CA). The enzyme from the sponge S. raphanus was isolated and prepared by recombination. The CA-driven deposition of CaCO3 crystallites is dependent on temperature (optimal at 52 °C), the pH value of the reaction assay (7.5/8.0), and the substrate concentration (CO2 and Ca(2+)). During the initial phase of crystallite formation, ≈40 μm large round-shaped deposits are formed that remodel to larger prisms. These crystal-like prisms associate to each other and form either rope-/bundle-like aggregates or arrange perfectly with their smaller planes along opposing surfaces of the sponge spicule rays. The CA-dependent CaCO3 deposition can be inhibited by the CA-specific inhibitor acetazolamide. The Michaelis-Menten constant for the CA-driven mineralization has been determined to be around 8 mM with respect to CaCO3. The deposits formed have a Martens hardness of ≈5 GPa. The data presented here highlights for the first time that calcite deposition in the sponge system is decisively controlled enzymatically. This data will contribute to the development of new strategies applicable for the fabrication of novel biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E.G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Ute Schlossmacher
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Werner Geurtsen
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Michael Korzhev
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 6, Mainz D-55128, Germany
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46
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Berg JK, Jordan T, Binder Y, Börner HG, Gebauer D. Mg2+ Tunes the Wettability of Liquid Precursors of CaCO3: Toward Controlling Mineralization Sites in Hybrid Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:12512-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja404979z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John K. Berg
- Department of Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Thomas Jordan
- Department of Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Yvonne Binder
- Department of Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Hans G. Börner
- Laboratory for Organic Synthesis
of Functional Systems, Department of Chemistry, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Strasse 2, D-12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Denis Gebauer
- Department of Chemistry, Physical
Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse
10, D-78464 Konstanz, Germany
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47
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Kellermeier M, Glaab F, Klein R, Melero-García E, Kunz W, García-Ruiz JM. The effect of silica on polymorphic precipitation of calcium carbonate: an on-line energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) study. NANOSCALE 2013; 5:7054-7065. [PMID: 23807473 DOI: 10.1039/c3nr00301a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Calcium carbonate is the most abundant biomineral and a compound of great industrial importance. Its precipitation from solution has been studied extensively and was often shown to proceed via distinct intermediate phases, which undergo sequential transformations before eventually yielding the stable crystalline polymorph, calcite. In the present work, we have investigated the crystallisation of calcium carbonate in a time-resolved and non-invasive manner by means of energy-dispersive X-ray diffraction (EDXRD) using synchrotron radiation. In particular, the role of silica as a soluble additive during the crystallisation process was examined. Measurements were carried out at different temperatures (20, 50 and 80 °C) and various silica concentrations. Experiments conducted in the absence of silica reflect the continuous conversion of kinetically formed metastable polymorphs (vaterite and aragonite) to calcite and allow for quantifying the progress of transformation. Addition of silica induced remarkable changes in the temporal evolution of polymorphic fractions existing in the system. Essentially, the formation of calcite was found to be accelerated at 20 °C, whereas marked retardation or complete inhibition of phase transitions was observed at higher temperatures. These findings are explained in terms of a competition between the promotional effect of silica on calcite growth rates and kinetic stabilisation of vaterite and aragonite due to adsorption (or precipitation) of silica on their surfaces, along with temperature-dependent variations of silica condensation rates. Data collected at high silica concentrations indicate the presence of an amorphous phase over extended frames of time, suggesting that initially generated ACC particles are progressively stabilised by silica. Our results may have important implications for CaCO3 precipitation scenarios in both geochemical and industrial settings, where solution silicate is omnipresent, as well as for CO2 sequestration technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Kellermeier
- Physical Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstrasse 10, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany.
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48
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Ren D, Feng Q, Bourrat X. The co-effect of organic matrix from carp otolith and microenvironment on calcium carbonate mineralization. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2013; 33:3440-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Revised: 03/08/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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49
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Han N, Blue C, De Yoreo J, Dove P. The Effect of Carboxylates on the Mg Content of Calcites that Transform from ACC. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proeps.2013.03.224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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50
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Abstract
Spectroscopy techniques, such as Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman, offer methodologies that overlap and expand X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analyses and help gain new insight into mechanisms of biomineralization. FTIR and Raman spectroscopy techniques measure the molecular environment of asymmetrically and symmetrically vibrating bonds, respectively. As such, these techniques have widely been used to gain information on mineral content, phase, and orientation as well as chemical composition of associated organic matrices like collagen, chitin, or lipids. The traditional coupling of optical microscopes to the newer generation FTIR and Raman spectrometers has enabled these analyses to be performed on samples with 0.1-20 μm spatial resolution. Herein, we briefly discuss the basis and protocol for effective measurements using vibrational spectroscopy by taking two systems from our own research as examples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhui Tao
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
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