1
|
Leles LFDO, Alvarez MVN, Cortes JJC, Alonso DP, Ribolla PEM, Luz SLB. Impact of Long-Term Pyriproxyfen Exposure on the Genetic Structure and Diversity of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:1046. [PMID: 39202406 PMCID: PMC11353645 DOI: 10.3390/genes15081046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2024] [Revised: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 08/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are responsible for transmitting major human arboviruses such as Dengue, Zika, and Chikungunya, posing a global threat to public health. The lack of etiological treatments and efficient vaccines makes vector control strategies essential for reducing vector population density and interrupting the pathogen transmission cycle. This study evaluated the impact of long-term pyriproxyfen exposure on the genetic structure and diversity of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus mosquito populations. The study was conducted in Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil, where pyriproxyfen dissemination stations have been monitored since 2014 up to the present day. Double digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing was performed, revealing that despite significant local population reductions by dissemination stations with pyriproxyfen in various locations in Brazil, focal intervention has no significant impact on the population stratification of these vectors in urban scenarios. The genetic structuring level of Ae. aegypti suggests it is more stratified and directly affected by pyriproxyfen intervention, while for Ae. albopictus exhibits a more homogeneous and less structured population. The results suggest that although slight differences are observed among mosquito subpopulations, intervention focused on neighborhoods in a capital city is not efficient in terms of genetic structuring, indicating that larger-scale pyriproxyfen interventions should be considered for more effective urban mosquito control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorena Ferreira de Oliveira Leles
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane—Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69027-070, Brazil; (L.F.d.O.L.); (J.J.C.C.); (S.L.B.L.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Niz Alvarez
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Análises Genéticas, Instituto de Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (D.P.A.)
| | - Jose Joaquin Carvajal Cortes
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane—Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69027-070, Brazil; (L.F.d.O.L.); (J.J.C.C.); (S.L.B.L.)
| | - Diego Peres Alonso
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Análises Genéticas, Instituto de Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (D.P.A.)
| | - Paulo Eduardo Martins Ribolla
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Análises Genéticas, Instituto de Biotecnologia e Biociências, Universidade do Estado de São Paulo (UNESP), Botucatu 18607-440, Brazil; (M.V.N.A.); (D.P.A.)
| | - Sérgio Luiz Bessa Luz
- Laboratório de Ecologia de Doenças Transmissíveis na Amazônia, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane—Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus 69027-070, Brazil; (L.F.d.O.L.); (J.J.C.C.); (S.L.B.L.)
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Parasitária, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (IOC), Rio de Janeiro 21040-900, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Loh YM, Xu YY, Lee TT, Ohashi TS, Zhang YD, Eberl DF, Su MP, Kamikouchi A. Differences in male Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus hearing systems facilitate recognition of conspecific female flight tones. iScience 2024; 27:110264. [PMID: 39027372 PMCID: PMC11255862 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.110264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
When Aedes albopictus mosquitoes invade regions predominated by Aedes aegypti, either the latter can be displaced or the species can coexist, with potential consequences on disease transmission. Males from both species identify females by listening for her flight sounds. Comparing male hearing systems may provide insight into how hearing could prevent interspecific mating. Here, we show that species-specific differences in female wing beat frequencies are reflected in differences in male ear mechanical tuning frequencies and sound response profiles. Though Aedes albopictus males are attracted to sound, they do not readily display abdominal bending, unlike Aedes aegypti. We observed interspecific differences in male ear mechanical, but not electrical, tuning, suggesting a conserved primary auditory processing pathway. Our work suggests a potential role for hearing in the premating isolation of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, with implications for predicting future dynamics in their sympatric relationships and our understanding of mosquito acoustic communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- YuMin M. Loh
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yifeng Y.J. Xu
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tai-Ting Lee
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takuro S. Ohashi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yixiao D. Zhang
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Daniel F. Eberl
- Department of Biology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Matthew P. Su
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute for Advanced Research, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Azusa Kamikouchi
- Graduate School of Science, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules (WPI-ITbM), Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Grether GF, Finneran AE, Drury JP. Niche differentiation, reproductive interference, and range expansion. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14350. [PMID: 38062899 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Understanding species distributions and predicting future range shifts requires considering all relevant abiotic factors and biotic interactions. Resource competition has received the most attention, but reproductive interference is another widespread biotic interaction that could influence species ranges. Rubyspot damselflies (Hetaerina spp.) exhibit a biogeographic pattern consistent with the hypothesis that reproductive interference has limited range expansion. Here, we use ecological niche models to evaluate whether this pattern could have instead been caused by niche differentiation. We found evidence for climatic niche differentiation, but the species that encounters the least reproductive interference has one of the narrowest and most peripheral niches. These findings strengthen the case that reproductive interference has limited range expansion and also provide a counterexample to the idea that release from negative species interactions triggers niche expansion. We propose that release from reproductive interference enables species to expand in range while specializing on the habitats most suitable for breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory F Grether
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ann E Finneran
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Patterson CW, Drury JP. Interspecific behavioural interference and range dynamics: current insights and future directions. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2023; 98:2012-2027. [PMID: 37364865 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Novel biotic interactions in shifting communities play a key role in determining the ability of species' ranges to track suitable habitat. To date, the impact of biotic interactions on range dynamics have predominantly been studied in the context of interactions between different trophic levels or, to a lesser extent, exploitative competition between species of the same trophic level. Yet, both theory and a growing number of empirical studies show that interspecific behavioural interference, such as interspecific territorial and mating interactions, can slow down range expansions, preclude coexistence, or drive local extinction, even in the absence of resource competition. We conducted a systematic review of the current empirical research into the consequences of interspecific behavioural interference on range dynamics. Our findings demonstrate there is abundant evidence that behavioural interference by one species can impact the spatial distribution of another. Furthermore, we identify several gaps where more empirical work is needed to test predictions from theory robustly. Finally, we outline several avenues for future research, providing suggestions for how interspecific behavioural interference could be incorporated into existing scientific frameworks for understanding how biotic interactions influence range expansions, such as species distribution models, to build a stronger understanding of the potential consequences of behavioural interference on the outcome of future range dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonathan P Drury
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, Stockton Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Anttonen T, Burghi T, Duvall L, Fernandez MP, Gutierrez G, Kermen F, Merlin C, Michaiel A. Neurobiology and Changing Ecosystems: Mechanisms Underlying Responses to Human-Generated Environmental Impacts. J Neurosci 2023; 43:7530-7537. [PMID: 37940589 PMCID: PMC10634574 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1431-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Human generated environmental change profoundly affects organisms that reside across diverse ecosystems. Although nervous systems evolved to flexibly sense, respond, and adapt to environmental change, it is unclear whether the rapid rate of environmental change outpaces the adaptive capacity of complex nervous systems. Here, we explore neural systems mediating responses to, or impacted by, changing environments, such as those induced by global heating, sensory pollution, and changing habitation zones. We focus on rising temperature and accelerated changes in environments that impact sensory experience as examples of perturbations that directly or indirectly impact neural function, respectively. We also explore a mechanism involved in cross-species interactions that arises from changing habitation zones. We demonstrate that anthropogenic influences on neurons, circuits, and behaviors are widespread across taxa and require further scientific investigation to understand principles underlying neural resilience to accelerating environmental change.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Neural systems evolved over hundreds of millions of years to allow organisms to sense and respond to their environments - to be receptive and responsive, yet flexible. Recent rapid, human-generated environmental changes are testing the limits of the adaptive capacity of neural systems. This presents an opportunity and an urgency to understand how neurobiological processes, including molecular, cellular, and circuit-level mechanisms, are vulnerable or resilient to changing environmental conditions. We showcase examples that range from molecular to circuit to behavioral levels of analysis across several model species, framing a broad neuroscientific approach to explore topics of neural adaptation, plasticity, and resilience. We believe this emerging scientific area is of great societal and scientific importance and will provide a unique opportunity to reexamine our understanding of neural adaptation and the mechanisms underlying neural resilience.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tommi Anttonen
- Institute of Biology, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark DK-5230
| | - Thiago Burghi
- Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom CB2 1PZ
| | - Laura Duvall
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York City, New York 10027
| | - Maria P Fernandez
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College, New York City, New York 10027
| | - Gabrielle Gutierrez
- Department of Neuroscience and Behavior, Barnard College, New York City, New York 10027
| | - Florence Kermen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark DK-1165
| | - Christine Merlin
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Angie Michaiel
- Department of Life Sciences, The Kavli Foundation, Los Angeles, California 90230
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nie P, Feng J. Niche and Range Shifts of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus Suggest That the Latecomer Shows a Greater Invasiveness. INSECTS 2023; 14:810. [PMID: 37887822 PMCID: PMC10607146 DOI: 10.3390/insects14100810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The yellow fever (Aedes aegypti) and Asian tiger (Ae. albopictus) mosquitos are major vectors of global mosquito-borne pathogens. However, their niche and range shifts, the underlying mechanisms, and related relative invasion rates remain scarcely known. We examined the niche and range shifts between the native and invasive Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus populations through dynamic niche and range models and the largest occurrence record datasets to date. We detected substantial niche and range expansions in both species, probably because the introduced populations have more opportunities to acclimate to diverse environmental conditions than their native counterparts. Mitigating climate change could effectively control their future invasions, given that future climate changes could promote their invasiveness. Additionally, compared to the introduced Ae. aegypti, the more recent invader Ae. albopictus had greater niche and range expansion over its shorter invasion history. In terms of the range shifts, Ae. albopictus had an invasion rate approximately 13.3 times faster than that of Ae. aegypti, making it a more invasive vector of global mosquito-borne pathogens. Therefore, considering its higher invasion rate, much more attention should be paid to Ae. albopictus in devising our strategies against prevailing global mosquito-borne pathogens than Ae. aegypti. Since small niche shifts could result in their large range shifts, niche shifts might be a more important indicator for biological invasion assessments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jianmeng Feng
- College of Agriculture and Biological Science, Dali University, Dali 671003, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rodrigues Dos Santos D, Lopes Chaves L, Couto Pires V, Soares Rodrigues J, Alves Siqueira de Assunção M, Bezerra Faierstein G, Gomes Barbosa Neto A, de Souza Rebouças J, Christine de Magalhães Cabral Albuquerque E, Alexandre Beisl Vieira de Melo S, Costa Gaspar M, Maria Rodrigues Barbosa R, Elga Medeiros Braga M, Cipriano de Sousa H, Rocha Formiga F. New weapons against the disease vector Aedes aegypti: From natural products to nanoparticles. Int J Pharm 2023; 643:123221. [PMID: 37437857 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the global burden of viral diseases transmitted by Aedes aegypti, there is a lack of effective means of prevention and treatment. Strategies for vector control include chemical and biological approaches such as organophosphates and Bacillus thuringiensis var. israelensis (Bti), among others. However, important concerns are associated, such as resistance in mosquito larvae and deleterious effects on non-target organisms. In this scenario, novel approaches against A. aegypti have been investigated, including natural products (e.g. vegetable oil and extracts) and nanostructured systems. This review focuses on potential strategies for fighting A. aegypti, highlighting plant-based materials and nanomaterials able to induce toxic effects on egg, larva, pupa and adult mosquitoes. Issues including aspects of conventional vector control strategies are presented, and finally new insights on development of eco-friendly nanoformulations against A. aegypti are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luíse Lopes Chaves
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Couto Pires
- SENAI Institute of Innovation (ISI) in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, Brazil
| | - Júlia Soares Rodrigues
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 50100-130 Recife, PE, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Elaine Christine de Magalhães Cabral Albuquerque
- Industrial Engineering Program, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Research Center in Energy and Environment (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Silvio Alexandre Beisl Vieira de Melo
- Industrial Engineering Program, Polytechnic School, Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), 40210-630 Salvador, BA, Brazil; Research Center in Energy and Environment (CIENAM), Federal University of Bahia (UFBA), 40170-115 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Marisa Costa Gaspar
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mara Elga Medeiros Braga
- CIEPQPF, Department of Chemical Engineering, FCTUC, University of Coimbra, 3030-790 Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Fabio Rocha Formiga
- Aggeu Magalhães Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), 50670-420 Recife, PE, Brazil; Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Pernambuco (UPE), 52171-011 Recife, PE, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sallam MF, Whitehead S, Barve N, Bauer A, Guralnick R, Allen J, Tavares Y, Gibson S, Linthicum KJ, Giordano BV, Campbell LP. Co-occurrence probabilities between mosquito vectors of West Nile and Eastern equine encephalitis viruses using Markov Random Fields (MRFcov). Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:10. [PMID: 36627717 PMCID: PMC9830877 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05530-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Mosquito vectors of eastern equine encephalitis virus (EEEV) and West Nile virus (WNV) in the USA reside within broad multi-species assemblages that vary in spatial and temporal composition, relative abundances and vector competence. These variations impact the risk of pathogen transmission and the operational management of these species by local public health vector control districts. However, most models of mosquito vector dynamics focus on single species and do not account for co-occurrence probabilities between mosquito species pairs across environmental gradients. In this investigation, we use for the first time conditional Markov Random Fields (CRF) to evaluate spatial co-occurrence patterns between host-seeking mosquito vectors of EEEV and WNV around sampling sites in Manatee County, Florida. Specifically, we aimed to: (i) quantify correlations between mosquito vector species and other mosquito species; (ii) quantify correlations between mosquito vectors and landscape and climate variables; and (iii) investigate whether the strength of correlations between species pairs are conditional on landscape or climate variables. We hypothesized that either mosquito species pairs co-occur in patterns driven by the landscape and/or climate variables, or these vector species pairs are unconditionally dependent on each other regardless of the environmental variables. Our results indicated that landscape and bioclimatic covariates did not substantially improve the overall model performance and that the log abundances of the majority of WNV and EEEV vector species were positively dependent on other vector and non-vector mosquito species, unconditionally. Only five individual mosquito vectors were weakly dependent on environmental variables with one exception, Culiseta melanura, the primary vector for EEEV, which showed a strong correlation with woody wetland, precipitation seasonality and average temperature of driest quarter. Our analyses showed that majority of the studied mosquito species' abundance and distribution are insignificantly better predicted by the biotic correlations than by environmental variables. Additionally, these mosquito vector species may be habitat generalists, as indicated by the unconditional correlation matrices between species pairs, which could have confounded our analysis, but also indicated that the approach could be operationalized to leverage species co-occurrences as indicators of vector abundances in unsampled areas, or under scenarios where environmental variables are not informative.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed F. Sallam
- grid.265436.00000 0001 0421 5525Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA ,grid.266818.30000 0004 1936 914XDepartment of Biology, University of Nevada, Reno, NV USA
| | - Shelley Whitehead
- Whitehead Entomology Consulting, Gainesville, FL USA ,Manatee County Mosquito Control District, Palmetto, FL USA
| | - Narayani Barve
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Natural Resources, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Amely Bauer
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory (FMEL), Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Robert Guralnick
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Department of Natural Resources, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Julie Allen
- grid.265436.00000 0001 0421 5525Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Department, Uniformed Service University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA
| | - Yasmin Tavares
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory (FMEL), Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Seth Gibson
- grid.417548.b0000 0004 0478 6311U.S. Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Kenneth J. Linthicum
- grid.417548.b0000 0004 0478 6311U.S. Department of Agriculture, Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Bryan V. Giordano
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory (FMEL), Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), Gainesville, FL USA
| | - Lindsay P. Campbell
- grid.15276.370000 0004 1936 8091Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory (FMEL), Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences (UF/IFAS), Gainesville, FL USA
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Pimid M, Krishnan KT, Ahmad AH, Mohd Naim D, Chambers GK, Mohd Nor SA, Ab Majid AH. Parentage Assignment Using Microsatellites Reveals Multiple Mating in Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae): Implications for Mating Dynamics. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:1525-1533. [PMID: 35733165 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of the dengue, yellow fever, and chikungunya viruses. Evidence shows that Ae. aegypti males are polyandrous whereas Ae. aegypti females are monandrous in mating. However, the degree to which Ae. aegypti males and females can mate with different partners has not been rigorously tested. Therefore, this study examined the rates of polyandry via parentage assignment in three sets of competitive mating experiments using wild-type male and female Ae. aegypti. Parentage assignment was monitored using nine microsatellite DNA markers. All Ae. aegypti offspring were successfully assigned to parents with 80% or 95% confidence using CERVUS software. The results showed that both male and female Ae. aegypti mated with up to 3-4 different partners. Adults contributed differentially to the emergent offspring, with reproductive outputs ranging from 1 to 25 viable progeny. This study demonstrates a new perspective on the capabilities of male and female Ae. aegypti in mating. These findings are significant because successful deployment of reproductive control methods using genetic modification or sterile Ae. aegypti must consider the following criteria regarding their mating fitness: 1) choosing Ae. aegypti males that can mate with many different females; 2) testing how transformed Ae. aegypti male perform with polyandrous females; and 3) prioritizing the selection of polyandrous males and/or females Ae. aegypti that have the most offspring.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcela Pimid
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600 Kelantan, Malaysia
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Kumara Thevan Krishnan
- Faculty of Agro Based Industry, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Jeli Campus, 17600 Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Abu Hassan Ahmad
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Darlina Mohd Naim
- School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| | - Geoffrey K Chambers
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, PO Box 600, 6140 Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Siti Azizah Mohd Nor
- Institute of Marine Biotechnology, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Abdul Hafiz Ab Majid
- Household & Structural Urban Entomology Laboratory, Vector Control Research Unit, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Parsana D, Nanfack-Minkeu F, Sirot LK. Insemination in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Cold Spring Harb Protoc 2022; 2022:pdb.top107668. [PMID: 35902240 PMCID: PMC9883592 DOI: 10.1101/pdb.top107668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Aedes mosquitoes are the vectors of several arboviruses that cause human disease. A better understanding of their reproduction helps to improve their management and contributes insights into the fundamental biology of mosquitoes. During mating, inseminated mosquito females receive seminal fluids and sperm from males that they then store in the spermathecae. In Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, most mated females become resistant to further insemination within 2 h of initial insemination. Although the male seminal fluids are known to be involved in initiating the resistance of inseminated females to further insemination, the mechanism underlying this resistance is not well-understood. The determination of insemination status is a key step in investigating the behavioral and molecular interactions between males and females and for exploring the proximate influences and evolutionary implications of interspecific copulations. Several methods exist for determining insemination status, as discussed here. The choice of method depends on the research question and the availability of resources.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dhwani Parsana
- Department of Biology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA
| | | | - Laura K. Sirot
- Department of Biology, The College of Wooster, Wooster, Ohio 44691, USA
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bonds JAS, Collins CM, Gouagna L. Could species-focused suppression of Aedes aegypti, the yellow fever mosquito, and Aedes albopictus, the tiger mosquito, affect interacting predators? An evidence synthesis from the literature. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2022; 78:2729-2745. [PMID: 35294802 PMCID: PMC9323472 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The risks of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus nuisance and vector-borne diseases are rising and the adverse effects of broad-spectrum insecticide application have promoted species-specific techniques, such as sterile insect technique (SIT) and other genetic strategies, as contenders in their control operations. When specific vector suppression is proposed, potential effects on predators and wider ecosystem are some of the first stakeholder questions. These are not the only Aedes vectors of human diseases, but are those for which SIT and genetic strategies are of most interest. They vary ecologically and in habitat origin, but both have behaviorally human-adapted forms with expanding ranges. The aquatic life stages are where predation is strongest due to greater resource predictability and limited escape opportunity. These vectors' anthropic forms usually use ephemeral water bodies and man-made containers as larval habitats; predators that occur in these are mobile, opportunistic and generalist. No literature indicates that any predator depends on larvae of either species. As adults, foraging theory predicts these mosquitoes are of low profitability to predators. Energy expended hunting and consuming will mostly outweigh their energetic benefit. Moreover, as adult biomass is mobile and largely disaggregated, any predator is likely to be a generalist and opportunist. This work, which summarizes much of the literature currently available on the predators of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, indicates it is highly unlikely that any predator species depends on them. Species-specific vector control to reduce nuisance and disease is thus likely to be of negligible or limited impact on nontarget predators. © 2022 The Authors. Pest Management Science published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Louis‐Clément Gouagna
- UMR MIVEGEC (Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Écologie, Génétique, Évolution et Contrôle)IRD‐CNRS‐Univ. MontpellierMontpellierFrance
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
P. MNP, D. RP, G. S, K. AAP, K. SM, A. SP, P. R, V. S, Dasgupta S, Krishnan J, Ishtiaq F. Island biogeography and human practices drive ecological connectivity in mosquito species richness in the Lakshadweep Archipelago. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8060. [PMID: 35577864 PMCID: PMC9110355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-11898-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are globally distributed and adapted to a broad range of environmental conditions. As obligatory hosts of many infectious pathogens, mosquito abundance and distribution are primarily determined by the presence and quality of larval habitats. To understand the dynamics and productivity of larval habitats in changing island environments, we conducted a four-month mosquito survey across ten inhabited islands in the Lakshadweep archipelago. Using fine-resolution larval habitat mapping, we recorded 7890 mosquitoes representing 13 species and 7 genera. Of these, four species comprised 95% of the total collections—Aedes albopictus (Stegomyia) was the dominant species followed by Armigeres subalbatus, Culex quinquefasciatus and Malaya genurostris. We found larval species richness was positively associated with the island area and mosquito larval richness (Chao1 estimator) was higher in artificial habitats than in natural habitats. Furthermore, mosquito species composition did not deteriorate with distance between islands. Mosquito abundance by species was associated with microclimatic variables—pH and temperature. We detected co-existence of multiple species at a micro-habitat level with no evidence of interactions like competition or predation. Our study analyzed and identified the most productive larval habitats –discarded plastic container and plastic drums contributing to high larval indices predicting dengue epidemic across the Lakshadweep islands. Our data highlight the need to devise vector control strategies by removal of human-induced plastic pollution (household waste) which is a critical driver of disease risk.
Collapse
|
13
|
Yadouleton A, Hounkanrin G, Tchibozo C, Bialonski A, Schmidt-Chanasit J, Jöst H. First Detection of the Invasive Mosquito Vector Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Benin, West Africa, 2021. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2022; 59:1090-1094. [PMID: 35389485 PMCID: PMC9113111 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjac039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus (Skuse) is native to Southeast Asia and has colonized tropical and temperate regions worldwide in the last three to four decades. In Africa, data on its distribution is incomplete. Most studies having focused on the abundance, competition to other species, and phylogenetics of this vector are from the central African region. Here, we report the first detection of Ae. albopictus in Benin, West Africa. A total of 13 specimens were collected during the study period in 2021. The phylogenetic analysis of a cytochrome oxidase c subunit I gene fragment revealed a close relationship to populations from tropical India. Because of its close geographical proximity to areas where it has been found, it is assumed that the species was introduced several years before and is currently widely distributed in Benin. Additional studies are needed to explore its distribution, expansion range, and competitive effects on native species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anges Yadouleton
- Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales du Benin, 01BP 918 Cotonou, Benin
| | - Gildas Hounkanrin
- Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales du Benin, 01BP 918 Cotonou, Benin
| | - Carine Tchibozo
- Laboratoire des Fièvres Hémorragiques Virales du Benin, 01BP 918 Cotonou, Benin
| | - Alexandra Bialonski
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jonas Schmidt-Chanasit
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- Faculty of Mathematics, Informatics and Natural Sciences, Universität Hamburg, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hanna Jöst
- Bernhard Nocht Institute for Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Centre for Arbovirus and Hemorrhagic Fever Reference and Research, 20359 Hamburg, Germany
- Corresponding author, e-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhou J, Liu S, Liu H, Xie Z, Liu L, Lin L, Jiang J, Yang M, Zhou G, Gu J, Zhou X, Yan G, James AA, Chen XG. Interspecific mating bias may drive Aedes albopictus displacement of Aedes aegypti during its range expansion. PNAS NEXUS 2022; 1:pgac041. [PMID: 35601361 PMCID: PMC9112929 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Aedes albopictus is the most invasive mosquito in the world and often displaces Ae. aegypti in regions where their populations overlap. Interspecific mating has been proposed as a possible cause for this displacement, but whether this applies across the range of their sympatry remains unclear. Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti collected from allopatric and sympatric areas in China were allowed to interact in cage experiments with different crosses and sex-choices. The results confirm that asymmetric interspecific mating occurs in these populations with matings between allopatric Ae. albopictus males and Ae. aegypti females being significantly higher (55.2%) than those between Ae. aegypti males and Ae. albopictus females (27.0%), and sympatric mosquitoes showed a similar but lower frequency bias, 25.7% versus 6.2%, respectively. The cross-mated females can mate second time (remate) with the respective conspecific males and the 66.7% remating success of female Ae. albopictus was significantly higher than the 9.3% of Ae. aegypti females. Furthermore, 17.8% of the matings of Ae. albopictus males exposed to mixed pools of Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti females and 9.3% of the matings of Ae. aegypti males with mixed Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus females were interspecific. The difference in the length of clasper between male Ae. albopictus (0.524 mm) and Ae. aegypti (0.409 mm) may be correlated with corresponding mates. We conclude that stronger Ae. albopictus male interspecific mating and more avid female intraspecific remating result in a satyr effect and contribute to competitive displacement of Ae. aegypti as allopatric Ae. albopictus invade during range expansion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayong Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Shuang Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hongkai Liu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhensheng Xie
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Liping Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Lifeng Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 511430, China
| | - Jinyong Jiang
- Yunnan Provincial Institute of Parasitic Disease Control, Simao 665099, China
| | - Mingdong Yang
- Yunnan Provincial Institute of Parasitic Disease Control, Simao 665099, China
| | - Guofa Zhou
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jinbao Gu
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhou
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Guiyun Yan
- Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Anthony A James
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Xiao-Guang Chen
- Department of Pathogen Biology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mitchell C, Leigh S, Alphey L, Haerty W, Chapman T. Reproductive interference and Satyrisation: mechanisms, outcomes and potential use for insect control. JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE 2022; 95:1023-1036. [PMID: 35535033 PMCID: PMC9068665 DOI: 10.1007/s10340-022-01476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive Interference occurs when interactions between individuals from different species disrupt reproductive processes, resulting in a fitness cost to one or both parties involved. It is typically observed between individuals of closely related species, often upon secondary contact. In both vertebrates and invertebrates, Reproductive Interference is frequently referred to as 'Satyrisation'. It can manifest in various ways, ranging from blocking or reducing the efficacy of mating signals, through to negative effects of heterospecific copulations and the production of sterile or infertile hybrid offspring. The negative fitness effects of Satyrisation in reciprocal matings between species are often asymmetric and it is this aspect, which is most relevant to, and can offer utility in, pest management. In this review, we focus on Satyrisation and outline the mechanisms through which it can operate. We illustrate this by using test cases, and we consider the underlying reasons why the reproductive interactions that comprise Satyrisation occur. We synthesise the key factors affecting the expression of Satyrisation and explore how they have potential utility in developing new routes for the management and control of harmful insects. We consider how Satyrisation might interact with other control mechanisms, and conclude by outlining a framework for its use in control, highlighting some of the important next steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Stewart Leigh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Luke Alphey
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF UK
| | - Wilfried Haerty
- Evolutionary Genomics, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Could Sterile Aedes albopictus Male Releases Interfere with Aedes aegypti Population in Reunion Island? INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13020146. [PMID: 35206720 PMCID: PMC8878303 DOI: 10.3390/insects13020146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary The Sterile Insect Technique consisting of inundative and repeated releases of sterile males that induce sterility in the wild population is currently tested as a new strategy to control Ae. albopictus. Considering that Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti thrive in sympatry in some regions, and that mating between both species is known to occur at low rates, we hypothesize that releasing millions of sterile male Ae. albopictus in could affect female Ae. aegypti reproduction. To study this potential mating interference, the newly established marking technique has been applied using the rhodamine B that is administered to males through sugar meal. It is internally incorporated into the mosquito’s male body and during mating, the rhodamine is transferred into the females. In laboratory-based experiments rhodamine marking proved to be a powerful means of detecting mating in females of both Aedes species, whatever the mating crosses between males and females. Some mated females were able to lay eggs, but all were not viable. However, despite the promiscuity of the adults in small experimental cages, 95% of the female Ae aegypti showed no evidence of insemination following mating with sterile male Ae. albopictus, suggesting that in the field, an inundative and repeated releases of sterile male Ae. albopictus will not influence the reproduction of female Ae aegypti. Abstract In Reunion Island, the feasibility of an Aedes albopictus control program using the Sterile Insect Technique (SIT) is studied. Because, in some regions, Ae. albopictus is living in sympatry with Aedes aegypti, the impact of releasing millions of sterile male Ae. albopictus on female Ae. aegypti reproduction needs to be assessed. Thus, to study the potential heterospecific matings, a marking technique using rhodamine B has been used. Rhodamine is given in solution to male mosquitoes to be incorporated into the male body and seminal fluid and transferred during mating into the bursa inseminalis and spermathecae of females. The presence of rhodamine in females occurred in 15% of cases when Ae. aegypti females were offered non-irradiated Ae. albopictus males, 5% when offered irradiated Ae. albopictus males and 18% of cases in the inverse heterospecific matings. Moreover, our results also showed that these matings gave few eggs but were not viable. Finally, the results showed that whatever the type of mating crosses, females in cages previously crossed with males of another species can re-mate with males of their species and produce an equivalent amount of egg compared to females only mated with conspecific males. Despite the promiscuity of the males and females in small cages for three days, heterospecific mating between sterile male Ae. albopictus and female Ae aegypti, 95% of the females have not been inseminated suggesting that in the field the frequency satyrization would be very low.
Collapse
|
17
|
Competition and resource depletion shape the thermal response of population fitness in Aedes aegypti. Commun Biol 2022; 5:66. [PMID: 35046515 PMCID: PMC8770499 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03030-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Mathematical models that incorporate the temperature dependence of lab-measured life history traits are increasingly being used to predict how climatic warming will affect ectotherms, including disease vectors and other arthropods. These temperature-trait relationships are typically measured under laboratory conditions that ignore how conspecific competition in depleting resource environments—a commonly occurring scenario in nature—regulates natural populations. Here, we used laboratory experiments on the mosquito Aedes aegypti, combined with a stage-structured population model, to investigate this issue. We find that intensified larval competition in ecologically-realistic depleting resource environments can significantly diminish the vector’s maximal population-level fitness across the entire temperature range, cause a ~6 °C decrease in the optimal temperature for fitness, and contract its thermal niche width by ~10 °C. Our results provide evidence for the importance of considering intra-specific competition under depleting resources when predicting how arthropod populations will respond to climatic warming. Huxley et al. use laboratory experiments to examine how environmental resource depletion impacts temperature-dependent traits observed in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. The authors find that the conspecific competition dynamics of larvae significantly alter how the mosquito’s population-level fitness responds to temperature, shedding light on how arthropods and other disease vectors may respond to environmental change.
Collapse
|
18
|
|
19
|
Brennan SA, Grob IC, Bartz CE, Baker JK, Jiang Y. Displacement of Aedes albopictus by Aedes aegypti in Gainesville, Florida. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION 2021; 37:93-97. [PMID: 34184045 DOI: 10.2987/20-6992.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are invasive mosquitoes, capable of vectoring arboviruses such as dengue, chikungunya, yellow fever, and Zika. Recent shifts in spatial distribution indicate there is a resurgence of Ae. aegypti in certain regions of Florida. After a 26-year absence, Ae. aegypti larvae were collected in a downtown neighborhood in Gainesville, Florida, in November 2019. Subsequent surveys confirmed that Ae. albopictus was completely displaced by Ae. aegypti in this neighborhood, whereas Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti coexisted around this community focus, and Ae. albopictus alone has been found elsewhere in the city and county since the 1990s. Field surveys revealed that Ae. aegypti is resurging in the downtown area of Gainesville and is actively dispersing to adjacent neighborhoods. Thus, Ae. aegypti could potentially replace Ae. albopictus across more of urban Gainesville in north-central Florida, as reported recently in coastal cities of northeastern Florida.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Brennan
- Gainesville Mosquito Control Services405 NW 39th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609
| | - Ivy C Grob
- Gainesville Mosquito Control Services405 NW 39th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609
| | - Cason E Bartz
- Gainesville Mosquito Control Services405 NW 39th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609
| | - Justin K Baker
- Gainesville Mosquito Control Services405 NW 39th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609
| | - Yongxing Jiang
- Gainesville Mosquito Control Services405 NW 39th Ave., Gainesville, FL 32609
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Vollans M, Bonsall MB. The concomitant effects of self-limiting insect releases and behavioural interference on patterns of coexistence and exclusion of competing mosquitoes. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20210714. [PMID: 34004130 PMCID: PMC8131123 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2021.0714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the dominant vector of dengue, a potentially fatal virus whose incidence has increased eightfold in the last two decades. As dengue has no widely available vaccine, vector control is key to reducing the global public health burden. A promising method is the release of self-limiting Ae. aegypti, which mate with wild Ae. aegypti and produce non-viable offspring. The resultant decrease in Ae. aegypti population size may impact coexistence with Ae. albopictus, another vector of dengue. A behavioural mechanism influencing coexistence between these species is reproductive interference, where incomplete species recognition results in heterospecifics engaging in mating activities. We develop a theoretical framework to investigate the interaction between self-limiting Ae. aegypti releases and reproductive interference between Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus on patterns of coexistence. In the absence of self-limiting Ae. aegypti release, coexistence can occur when the strength of reproductive interference experienced by both species is low. Results show that substantial overflooding with self-limiting Ae. aegypti prevents coexistence. For lower release ratios, as the release ratio increases, coexistence can occur when the strength of reproductive interference is increasingly high for Ae. albopictus and increasingly low for Ae. aegypti. This emphasizes the importance of including behavioural ecological processes into population models to evaluate the efficacy of vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maisie Vollans
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| | - Michael B. Bonsall
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Soghigian J, Livdahl T. Field Evidence of Mosquito Population Regulation by a Gregarine Parasite. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:1188-1196. [PMID: 33570154 PMCID: PMC8122234 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjab009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Although parasites are by definition costly to their host, demonstrating that a parasite is regulating its host abundance in the field can be difficult. Here we present an example of a gregarine parasite, Ascogregarina taiwanensis Lien and Levine (Apicomplexa: Lecudinidae), regulating its mosquito host, Aedes albopictus Skuse (Diptera: Culicidae), in Bermuda. We sampled larvae from container habitats over 2 yr, assessed parasite prevalence, and estimated host abundance from egg counts obtained in neighboring ovitraps. We regressed change in average egg count from 1 yr to the next on parasite prevalence and found a significant negative effect of parasite prevalence. We found no evidence of host density affecting parasite prevalence. Our results demonstrate that even for a parasite with moderate virulence, host regulation can occur in the field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- John Soghigian
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | - Todd Livdahl
- Department of Biology, Clark University, Worcester, MA
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Huxley PJ, Murray KA, Pawar S, Cator LJ. The effect of resource limitation on the temperature dependence of mosquito population fitness. Proc Biol Sci 2021; 288:20203217. [PMID: 33906411 PMCID: PMC8079993 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2020.3217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Laboratory-derived temperature dependencies of life-history traits are increasingly being used to make mechanistic predictions for how climatic warming will affect vector-borne disease dynamics, partially by affecting abundance dynamics of the vector population. These temperature-trait relationships are typically estimated from juvenile populations reared on optimal resource supply, even though natural populations of vectors are expected to experience variation in resource supply, including intermittent resource limitation. Using laboratory experiments on the mosquito Aedes aegypti, a principal arbovirus vector, combined with stage-structured population modelling, we show that low-resource supply in the juvenile life stages significantly depresses the vector's maximal population growth rate across the entire temperature range (22-32°C) and causes it to peak at a lower temperature than at high-resource supply. This effect is primarily driven by an increase in juvenile mortality and development time, combined with a decrease in adult size with temperature at low-resource supply. Our study suggests that most projections of temperature-dependent vector abundance and disease transmission are likely to be biased because they are based on traits measured under optimal resource supply. Our results provide compelling evidence for future studies to consider resource supply when predicting the effects of climate and habitat change on vector-borne disease transmission, disease vectors and other arthropods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paul J. Huxley
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Kris A. Murray
- MRC Centre for Global Infectious Disease Analysis, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- MRC Unit The Gambia at London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia
| | - Samraat Pawar
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Lauren J. Cator
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Hopperstad KA, Sallam MF, Reiskind MH. Estimations of Fine-Scale Species Distributions of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Eastern Florida. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 58:699-707. [PMID: 33128447 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjaa216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Many species distribution maps indicate the ranges of Aedes aegypti (Linnaeus) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) overlap in Florida despite the well-documented range reduction of Ae. aegypti. Within the last 30 yr, competitive displacement of Ae. aegypti by Ae. albopictus has resulted in partial spatial segregation of the two species, with Ae. aegypti persisting primarily in urban refugia. We modeled fine-scale distributions of both species, with the goal of capturing the outcome of interspecific competition across space by building habitat suitability maps. We empirically parameterized models by sampling 59 sites in south and central Florida over time and incorporated climatic, landscape, and human population data to identify predictors of habitat suitability for both species. Our results show human density, precipitation, and urban land cover drive Ae. aegypti habitat suitability, compared with exclusively climatic variables driving Ae. albopictus habitat suitability. Remotely sensed variables (macrohabitat) were more predictive than locally collected metrics (microhabitat), although recorded minimum daily temperature showed significant, inverse relationships with both species. We detected minor Aedes habitat segregation; some periurban areas that were highly suitable for Ae. albopictus were unsuitable for Ae. aegypti. Fine-scale empirical models like those presented here have the potential for precise risk assessment and the improvement of operational applications to control container-breeding Aedes mosquitoes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Hopperstad
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| | | | - Michael H Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Sultana A, Sunahara T, Tsurukawa C, Tuno N. Reproductive interference between Aedes albopictus and Aedes flavopictus at a place of their origin. MEDICAL AND VETERINARY ENTOMOLOGY 2021; 35:59-67. [PMID: 32761846 DOI: 10.1111/mve.12469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus and Aedes (Stegomyia) flavopictus are related species that have overlapping distributions from southern to central Japan. To understand how they interact, we studied reproductive interference between them, particularly focusing on the body size difference between the mating pair. Here, we examined the effects of conspecific, heterospecific and double mating (i.e. heterospecific mating followed by conspecific mating) on copulation duration, egg production and hatchability of eggs using mosquitoes that varied in body size. Females mated only with heterospecific males produced few viable eggs, indicating that post-mating isolation is almost complete. When mated with heterospecific males before conspecific mating, the production of viable eggs was lower than when mated only with conspecific males, revealing the occurrence of reproductive interference. The degree of reproductive interference was larger in Ae. flavopictus than in Ae. albopictus when the female size was small but did not differ between them when the female size was large. Aedes albopictus females appear to be able to distinguish Ae. flavopictus males from conspecific males and larger females are more successful in the rejection of heterospecific males. On the other hand, Ae. flavopictus were not able to discriminate between conspecific and heterospecific males.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Sultana
- Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - T Sunahara
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - C Tsurukawa
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - N Tuno
- Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang B, Borgert BA, Alto BW, Boohene CK, Brew J, Deutsch K, DeValerio JT, Dinglasan RR, Dixon D, Faella JM, Fisher-Grainger SL, Glass GE, Hayes R, Hoel DF, Horton A, Janusauskaite A, Kellner B, Kraemer MUG, Lucas KJ, Medina J, Morreale R, Petrie W, Reiner RC, Riles MT, Salje H, Smith DL, Smith JP, Solis A, Stuck J, Vasquez C, Williams KF, Xue RD, Cummings DAT. Modelling distributions of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus using climate, host density and interspecies competition. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021; 15:e0009063. [PMID: 33764975 PMCID: PMC8051819 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Florida faces the challenge of repeated introduction and autochthonous transmission of arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. Empirically-based predictive models of the spatial distribution of these species would aid surveillance and vector control efforts. To predict the occurrence and abundance of these species, we fit a mixed-effects zero-inflated negative binomial regression to a mosquito surveillance dataset with records from more than 200,000 trap days, representative of 53% of the land area and ranging from 2004 to 2018 in Florida. We found an asymmetrical competitive interaction between adult populations of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus for the sampled sites. Wind speed was negatively associated with the occurrence and abundance of both vectors. Our model predictions show high accuracy (72.9% to 94.5%) in validation tests leaving out a random 10% subset of sites and data since 2017, suggesting a potential for predicting the distribution of the two Aedes vectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bingyi Yang
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Brooke A. Borgert
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Barry W. Alto
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, Florida, United States of America
| | - Carl K. Boohene
- Polk County Mosquito Control, Parks and Natural Resources Division, Florida, United States of America
| | - Joe Brew
- Institut de Salut Global de Barcelona, Carrer del Rosselló, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Kelly Deutsch
- Orange County Government, Florida, Orange County Mosquito Control Division, Florida, United States of America
| | - James T. DeValerio
- University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Bradford County Extension, Starke, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rhoel R. Dinglasan
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Daniel Dixon
- Anastasia Mosquito Control District, St. Augustine, Florida, United States of America
| | - Joseph M. Faella
- Brevard County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Gregory E. Glass
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Geography, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Reginald Hayes
- Palm Beach County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - David F. Hoel
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - Austin Horton
- Gulf County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - Agne Janusauskaite
- Pasco County Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - Bill Kellner
- Citrus County Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - Moritz U. G. Kraemer
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Computational Epidemiology Lab, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, United States of America
- Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Keira J. Lucas
- Collier Mosquito Control District, Naples, Florida, United States of America
| | - Johana Medina
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rachel Morreale
- Lee County Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - William Petrie
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - Robert C. Reiner
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - Michael T. Riles
- Beach Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - Henrik Salje
- Mathematical Modelling Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - David L. Smith
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, United States of America
| | - John P. Smith
- Florida State University, Panama City, Florida, United States of America
| | - Amy Solis
- Clarke: Aquatic and Mosquito Control Services and Products, St. Charles, Illinois, United States of America
| | - Jason Stuck
- Pinellas County Mosquito Control, Stormwater and Vegetation Division, Florida, United States of America
| | - Chalmers Vasquez
- Miami-Dade County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - Katie F. Williams
- Manatee County Mosquito Control District, Florida, United States of America
| | - Rui-De Xue
- Brevard County Mosquito Control, Florida, United States of America
| | - Derek A. T. Cummings
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
- Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Iritani R, Noriyuki S. Reproductive interference hampers species coexistence despite conspecific sperm precedence. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1957-1969. [PMID: 33717434 PMCID: PMC7920778 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Negative interspecific mating interactions, known as reproductive interference, can hamper species coexistence in a local patch and promote niche partitioning or geographical segregation of closely related species. Conspecific sperm precedence (CSP), which occurs when females that have mated with both conspecific and heterospecific males preferentially use conspecific sperm for fertilization, might contribute to species coexistence by mitigating the costs of interspecific mating and hybridization. We discussed whether two species exhibiting CSP can coexist in a local environment in the presence of reproductive interference. First, using a behaviorally explicit mathematical model, we demonstrated that two species characterized by negative mating interactions are unlikely to coexist because the costs of reproductive interference, such as loss of mating opportunity with conspecific partners, are inevitably incurred when individuals of both species are present. Second, we experimentally examined differences in mating activity and preference in two Harmonia ladybird species known to exhibit CSP. These behavioral differences may lead to local extinction of H. yedoensis because of reproductive interference by H. axyridis. This prediction is consistent with field observations that H. axyridis uses various food sources and habitats whereas H. yedoensis is confined to a less preferred prey item and a pine tree habitat. Finally, by a comparative approach, we observed that niche partitioning or parapatric distribution, but not sympatric coexistence in the same habitat, is maintained between species with CSP belonging to a wide range of taxa, including vertebrates and invertebrates living in aquatic or terrestrial environments. Taken together, it is possible that reproductive interference may destabilize local coexistence even in closely related species that exhibit CSP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Suzuki Noriyuki
- Faculty of Agriculture and Marine ScienceKochi UniversityKochiJapan
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Marina CF, Bond JG, Hernández-Arriaga K, Valle J, Ulloa A, Fernández-Salas I, Carvalho DO, Bourtzis K, Dor A, Williams T, Liedo P. Population Dynamics of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus in Two Rural Villages in Southern Mexico: Baseline Data for an Evaluation of the Sterile Insect Technique. INSECTS 2021; 12:58. [PMID: 33440870 PMCID: PMC7827525 DOI: 10.3390/insects12010058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Indoor and outdoor ovitraps were placed in 15 randomly selected houses in two rural villages in Chiapas, southern Mexico. In addition, ovitraps were placed in five transects surrounding each village, with three traps per transect, one at the edge, one at 50 m, and another at 100 m from the edge of the village. All traps were inspected weekly. A transect with eight traps along a road between the two villages was also included. Population fluctuations of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus were examined during 2016-2018 by counting egg numbers. A higher number of Aedes spp. eggs was recorded at Hidalgo village with 257,712 eggs (60.9%), of which 58.1% were present in outdoor ovitraps and 41.9% in indoor ovitraps, compared with 165,623 eggs (39.1%) collected in the village of Río Florido, 49.0% in outdoor and 51.0% in indoor ovitraps. A total of 84,047 eggs was collected from ovitraps placed along transects around Río Florido, compared to 67,542 eggs recorded from transects around Hidalgo. Fluctuations in egg counts were associated with annual variation in precipitation, with 2.3 to 3.2-fold more eggs collected from ovitraps placed in houses and 4.8 to 5.1-fold more eggs in ovitraps from the surrounding transects during the rainy season than in the dry season, respectively. Aedes aegypti was the dominant species during the dry season and at the start of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus populations were lower for most of the dry season, but increased during the rainy season and predominated at the end of the rainy season in both villages. Aedes albopictus was also the dominant species in the zones surrounding both villages. The numbers of eggs collected from intradomiciliary ovitraps were strongly correlated with the numbers of eggs in peridomiciliary ovitraps in both Río Florido (R2 adj = 0.92) and Hidalgo (R2 adj = 0.94), suggesting that peridomiciliary sampling could provide an accurate estimate of intradomiciliary oviposition by Aedes spp. in future studies in these villages. We conclude that the feasibility of sterile insect technique (SIT)-based program of vector control could be evaluated in the isolated Ae. aegypti populations in the rural villages of our baseline study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos F. Marina
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - J. Guillermo Bond
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Kenia Hernández-Arriaga
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
| | - Javier Valle
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Armando Ulloa
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas (UNACH), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico
| | - Ildefonso Fernández-Salas
- Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública-INSP, Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.G.B.); (K.H.-A.); (A.U.); (I.F.-S.)
- Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (UANL), San Nicolás de los Garza, Nuevo León 66450, Mexico
| | - Danilo O. Carvalho
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (D.O.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Kostas Bourtzis
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, IAEA Laboratories, 2444 Seibersdorf, Austria; (D.O.C.); (K.B.)
| | - Ariane Dor
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
| | - Trevor Williams
- Instituto de Ecología AC (INECOL), Xalapa, Veracruz 91073, Mexico;
| | - Pablo Liedo
- El Colegio de la Frontera Sur (ECOSUR), Tapachula, Chiapas 30700, Mexico; (J.V.); (A.D.); (P.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Cator LJ, Wyer CAS, Harrington LC. Mosquito Sexual Selection and Reproductive Control Programs. Trends Parasitol 2021; 37:330-339. [PMID: 33422425 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The field of mosquito mating biology has experienced a considerable expansion in the past decade. Recent work has generated many key insights about specific aspects of mating behavior and physiology. Here, we synthesize these findings and classify swarming mosquito systems as polygynous. Male mating success is highly variable in swarms and evidence suggests that it is likely determined by both scramble competition between males and female choice. Incorporating this new understanding will improve both implementation and long-term stability of reproductive control tools.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Cator
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK
| | - Claudia A S Wyer
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, Ascot, UK; Science and Solutions for a Changing Planet DTP, Kensington, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Laura C Harrington
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, NY, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Feitoza TDS, Ferreira-de-Lima VH, Câmara DCP, Honório NA, Lounibos LP, Lima-Camara TN. Interspecific Mating Effects on Locomotor Activity Rhythms and Refractoriness of Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) Females. INSECTS 2020; 11:E874. [PMID: 33316878 PMCID: PMC7764719 DOI: 10.3390/insects11120874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study tests the hypotheses that the locomotor activity of Ae. albopictus females is not significantly altered by the presence of accessory gland (AG) extracts from conspecific and heterospecific males, and that Ae. albopictus females remain receptive to mating with conspecific males even after receiving AG of Ae. aegypti males. Virgin Ae. albopictus females were injected with saline (control group), AG extracts of Ae. aegypti males (aegMAG) or AG extracts of Ae. albopictus males (albMAG). Locomotor activity was evaluated under 12 h of light and 12 h of darkness at 25 °C. All live Ae. albopictus females were subsequently exposed to conspecific males for 48 h, and their spermathecae were dissected for the presence of sperm. Females injected with aegMAG and albMAG showed significant decreases in total, diurnal and diurnal without lights-on Period activities. Females injected with aegMAG showed significant decreases in nocturnal and nocturnal without lights-off period activities. Females injected with albMAG showed significant decreases in lights-off activity. A total of 83% of Ae. albopictus females injected with aegMAG and 10% of females injected with albMAG were inseminated by conspecific males. These results, coupled with our previous paper on MAG and interspecific mating effects on female Ae. aegypti, demonstrate contrasting outcomes on locomotor activities and loss of sexual receptivity, both conspecific and heterospecific MAGs capable of sterilizing virgin Ae. aegypti, but only conspecific MAGs sterilizing Ae. albopictus, whereas locomotor activities were depressed in females of both species after heterospecific and conspecific injections or treatments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thais de Souza Feitoza
- Laboratory of Entomology in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil
| | | | - Daniel Cardoso Portela Câmara
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundaҫão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores-Nosmove/Fiocruz, Fundaҫão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Nildimar Alves Honório
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundaҫão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
- Núcleo Operacional Sentinela de Mosquitos Vetores-Nosmove/Fiocruz, Fundaҫão Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | - L Philip Lounibos
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL 32962, USA
| | - Tamara Nunes Lima-Camara
- Laboratory of Entomology in Public Health, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Nikookar SH, Fazeli-Dinan M, Enayati A, Zaim M. Zika; a continuous global threat to public health. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 188:109868. [PMID: 32846650 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Zika virus is transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, especially, Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. About 80% of the cases do not manifest any symptoms, and it is a self-limiting, mild viral infection. In 20% of the cases and only in fraction of those who do show the symptoms, important complications including Guillaine Barre'syndrome and microcephaly may occur. The emergence of Zika in 2016 in Brazil spreading to about 70 other countries prompted the WHO officials to declare the disease a Public Health Emergency with International Concern (PHEIC). This has led to increased concerns in health authorities of almost all countries making them embark on the strengthened human and vector surveillance, vector control and clinical management of the disease. Although the main vectors of the disease have not yet been able to establish in Iran, because of their occurrence in neighboring countries as well as increased global travel and trade, the country established a national advisory committee for capacity building, vector and human surveillance and case management of Aedes-borne diseases. This study aims at performing a literature review about global situation of Zika and Aedes mosquitoes, their distribution, biology and ecology from the past to present and the threat posed to Iran. Aedes aegypti was historically present in the checklist of Iranian mosquitoes and Ae. albopictus has recently been collected from Southern Iran, however, the species has apparently failed to establish in the country as comprehensive follow up entomological surveillance could not reproduce the findings. Although Zika was not detected in Iran, considering the expansion in tourism, travel and trade to and from Zika infected and Aedes infested countries, suitable climate and favorable prediction for establishment of Aedes vectors, Iran may well be at risk of invasion of Aedes vector species and the diseases they carry. Therefore, this review is of value particularly to health authorities in Iran and other WHO Eastern Mediterranean countries for sustained vigilance and preparedness for early detection and response, including vector control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Hassan Nikookar
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Fazeli-Dinan
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, Health Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, School of Public Health, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Ahmadali Enayati
- Professor and Head of Medical Entomology Department, School of Public Health and Health Sciences Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
| | - Morteza Zaim
- Department of Medical Entomology and Vector Control, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Kyogoku D, Wheatcroft D. Heterospecific mating interactions as an interface between ecology and evolution. J Evol Biol 2020; 33:1330-1344. [PMID: 32762053 DOI: 10.1111/jeb.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Reproductive interference (costly interspecific sexual interactions) is well-understood to promote divergence in mating-relevant traits (i.e. reproductive character displacement: RCD), but it can also reduce population growth, eventually leading to local extinction of one of the species. The ecological and evolutionary processes driven by reproductive interference can interact with each other. These interactions are likely to influence whether the outcome is coexistence or extinction, but remain little studied. In this paper, we first develop an eco-evolutionary perspective on reproductive interference by integrating ecological and evolutionary processes in a common framework. We also present a simple model to demonstrate the eco-evolutionary dynamics of reproductive interference. We then identify a number of factors that are likely to influence the relative likelihoods of extinction or RCD. We discuss particularly relevant factors by classifying them into four categories: the nature of the traits responding to selection, the mechanisms determining the expression of these traits, mechanisms of reproductive interference and the ecological background. We highlight previously underappreciated ways in which these factors may influence the relative likelihoods of RCD and local extinction. By doing so, we also identify questions and future directions that will increase our holistic understanding of the outcomes of reproductive interference.
Collapse
|
32
|
Tedjou AN, Kamgang B, Yougang AP, Wilson-Bahun TA, Njiokou F, Wondji CS. Patterns of Ecological Adaptation of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus and Stegomyia Indices Highlight the Potential Risk of Arbovirus Transmission in Yaoundé, the Capital City of Cameroon. Pathogens 2020; 9:pathogens9060491. [PMID: 32575721 PMCID: PMC7350347 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9060491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamic of arbovirus vectors such as Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus remains poorly understood in large cities in central Africa. Here, we compared the larval ecology, geographical distribution and degree of infestation of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Yaoundé, the capital city of Cameroon, and estimated their Stegomyia indices revealing a significant potential risk of arbovirus transmission. An entomological survey was conducted in April-May 2018 in a cluster of houses randomly selected. Each selected house was inspected, the number of inhabitants was recorded, and potential and positive containers for Aedes were characterized. Stegomyia and pupae-based indices were estimated. Overall, 447 houses and 954 containers were inspected comprising 10,801 immature stages of Aedes with 84.95% of Ae. albopictus and 15.05% of Ae. aegypti. Both species bred mainly in discarded tanks and used tyres, associated with turbid water and the presence of plant debris inside containers. Aedes albopictus was the most prevalent species in almost all neighbourhoods. The house index, Breteau index, and container index were higher for Ae. albopictus (38.26%, 71.81%, and 29.61%) compared to those of Ae. aegypti (25.73%, 40.93%, and 16.88%). These indices are high compared to the thresholds established by Pan American Health Organization and World Health Organization, which suggests a high potential risk of arbovirus transmission.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armel N. Tedjou
- Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.P.Y.); (T.A.W.-B.); (C.S.W.)
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon;
- Correspondence: (A.N.T.); (B.K.)
| | - Basile Kamgang
- Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.P.Y.); (T.A.W.-B.); (C.S.W.)
- Correspondence: (A.N.T.); (B.K.)
| | - Aurélie P. Yougang
- Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.P.Y.); (T.A.W.-B.); (C.S.W.)
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon;
| | - Theodel A. Wilson-Bahun
- Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.P.Y.); (T.A.W.-B.); (C.S.W.)
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Flobert Njiokou
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon;
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Department of Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, 15391 Yaoundé, Cameroon; (A.P.Y.); (T.A.W.-B.); (C.S.W.)
- Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool L3 5QA, UK
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Khan SU, Ogden NH, Fazil AA, Gachon PH, Dueymes GU, Greer AL, Ng V. Current and Projected Distributions of Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Canada and the U.S. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2020; 128:57007. [PMID: 32441995 PMCID: PMC7263460 DOI: 10.1289/ehp5899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are mosquito vectors of more than 22 arboviruses that infect humans. OBJECTIVES Our objective was to develop regional ecological niche models for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in the conterminous United States and Canada with current observed and simulated climate and land-use data using boosted regression trees (BRTs). METHODS We used BRTs to assess climatic suitability for Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti mosquitoes in Canada and the United States under current and future projected climates. RESULTS Models for both species were mostly influenced by minimum daily temperature and demonstrated high accuracy for predicting their geographic ranges under the current climate. The northward range expansion of suitable niches for both species was projected under future climate models. Much of the United States and parts of southern Canada are projected to be suitable for both species by 2100, with Ae. albopictus projected to expand its range north earlier this century and further north than Ae. aegypti. DISCUSSION Our projections suggest that the suitable ecological niche for Aedes will expand with climate change in Canada and the United States, thus increasing the risk of Aedes-transmitted arboviruses. Increased surveillance for these vectors and the pathogens they carry would be prudent. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP5899.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Salah Uddin Khan
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, and Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Nicholas H. Ogden
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, and Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Aamir A. Fazil
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, and Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Philippe H. Gachon
- Étude et Simulation du Climat à l’Échelle Régionale centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Guillaume U. Dueymes
- Étude et Simulation du Climat à l’Échelle Régionale centre, Université du Québec à Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Amy L. Greer
- Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Victoria Ng
- National Microbiology Laboratory, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, and Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
The Asian tiger mosquito in Brazil: Observations on biology and ecological interactions since its first detection in 1986. Acta Trop 2020; 205:105386. [PMID: 32027837 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Aedes (Stegomyia) albopictus is a mosquito originating from the Asian continent, which was detected in the Americas in 1985 and Brazil in 1986. Due to its rapid expansion throughout Brazil, this species has already been reported in 26 of the 27 federative units of Brazil. In this review, we evaluate some of the biological, epidemiological and ecological characteristics of Ae. albopictus through critical analysis of their importance in the pathogen transmission dynamics, since its first record in the country. We show that immature forms of this species are frequently found in artificial breeding sites whereas females exhibit anthropophilic behavior despite its eclecticism on blood feeding. In addition, Ae. albopictus shows advantages in interspecific competition with Ae. aegypti for both immature and adult stages. Taking together, these aspects as well as its vector competence indicate that Ae. albopictus could act as a bridge vector between sylvatic and urban pathogen transmission cycles. We conclude by pointing to the need of continuous surveillance of Ae. albopictus in Brazil and raise several questions that still need to be answered.
Collapse
|
35
|
Maïga H, Gilles JRL, Susan Lees R, Yamada H, Bouyer J. Demonstration of resistance to satyrization behavior in Aedes aegypti from La Réunion island. Parasite 2020; 27:22. [PMID: 32254018 PMCID: PMC7137539 DOI: 10.1051/parasite/2020020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are competent vectors of arboviruses such as dengue and chikungunya viruses which co-exist in some areas, including La Réunion island, Indian Ocean. A type of reproductive interference called satyrization has been described in sympatric species where dominant species mating fails to produce hybrids and thus reduces the fitness and tends to control the spread of the other species. Here, we investigated satyrization in laboratory experiments to provide insights on the potential impact on Ae. aegypti of a control campaign including a sterile insect technique component against Ae. albopictus. Different mating crosses were used to test sympatric, conspecific-interspecific and allopatric effects of irradiated and non-irradiated male Ae. albopictus on female Ae. aegypti, including in a situation of skewed male ratio. Our results suggest that there was only a low level of satyrization between sympatric populations of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus colonized from La Réunion island. A male Ae. albopictus to female Ae. aegypti ratio of 3:1 did not increase the level of satyrization. Female Ae. aegypti previously mated to male Ae. albopictus were not prevented from being inseminated by conspecific males. A satyrization effect was not seen between allopatric Ae. albopictus and Ae. aegypti strains from La Réunion Island either. The tested Ae. aegypti strain from La Réunion island has therefore developed full resistance to satyrization and so releasing sterile male Ae. albopictus may not suppress Ae. aegypti populations if an overflooding of irradiated male Ae. albopictus leads to similar results. The management strategy of two competent species in a sympatric area is discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hamidou Maïga
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
- Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Santé/Direction Régionale de l’Ouest 01 BP 545 Bobo 01 Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso
| | - Jérémie R. L. Gilles
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
| | - Rosemary Susan Lees
- Department of Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine Pembroke Place Liverpool L3 5QA United Kingdom
| | - Hanano Yamada
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
| | - Jérémy Bouyer
- Insect Pest Control Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency PO Box 100 1400 Vienna Austria
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
|
37
|
Parker C, Ramirez D, Connelly CR. State-wide survey of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) in Florida. JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY : JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR VECTOR ECOLOGY 2019; 44:210-215. [PMID: 31729793 DOI: 10.1111/jvec.12351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are invasive mosquito species with geographic ranges that have oscillated within Florida since their presence was first documented. Local transmission of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses serves as evidence of the public health importance of these two species. It is important to have detailed knowledge of their distribution to aid in mosquito control efforts and understand the risk of arbovirus transmission to humans. Through a partnership involving the University of Florida Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences Cooperative Extension Service and the Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory; the Florida Department of Health; and mosquito control agencies throughout Florida, a container mosquito surveillance program involving all life stages was launched in the summer of 2016 to detect the presence of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. Results from this survey were mapped to provide a picture of the current known distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus in Florida. Aedes aegypti and/or Ae. albopictus were detected in the 56 counties that were part of the survey. Only Aedes albopictus was detected in 26 counties, primarily in the panhandle region of Florida. The results of this work underscore the importance of maintaining container mosquito surveillance in a state where chikungunya, dengue, and Zika viruses are present and where there is continued risk for exotic arbovirus introductions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Casey Parker
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
| | - Daviela Ramirez
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
| | - C Roxanne Connelly
- University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, 200 9th Street SE, Vero Beach, FL 32962, U.S.A
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Vector Borne Diseases, 3156 Rampart Road, Ft. Collins, CO 80521, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hopperstad KA, Reiskind MH, Labadie PE, Burford Reiskind MO. Patterns of genetic divergence among populations of Aedes aegypti L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in the southeastern USA. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:511. [PMID: 31666113 PMCID: PMC6822358 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3769-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The yellow fever mosquito, Aedes aegypti is a public health concern in the USA, especially in the wake of emergent diseases such as Zika and chikungunya. Aedes aegypti populations dwindled after the invasion of Aedes albopictus in the 1980s and many populations were extirpated. However, in some areas Ae. aegypti persisted in small populations and there are reports of recent resurgences of Ae. aegypti in Florida, Louisiana, Nevada and California. We assessed the population genetic structure of Ae. aegypti in Florida and Georgia, which has concomitant consequences related to mosquito dispersal, pesticide resistance and vectorial capacity. Methods We collected Ae. aegypti across Florida and in Georgia using ovitraps. We hatched the eggs and reared them to adults, and after sacrifice we extracted their DNA. We then probed each individual for variation in 6 microsatellite markers, which we used to address population genetic characteristics. Results We collected Ae. aegypti and genotyped seven Florida populations and one Georgia population using microsatellite markers. We found evidence of isolation by distance model of gene flow supported by driving distance among cities within Florida and two theoretic genetic clusters. Conclusions Significant genetic structure between some populations with substantial gene flow between geographically distant cities suggests regional genetic structuring of Ae. aegypti in Florida. This study provides information on the genetic exchange between populations of Ae. aegypti in the southeastern USA and suggests potential routes of spread of this species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kristen A Hopperstad
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Michael H Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Paul E Labadie
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
39
|
Shragai T, Harrington L, Alfonso-Parra C, Avila F. Oviposition site attraction of Aedes albopictus to sites with conspecific and heterospecific larvae during an ongoing invasion in Medellín, Colombia. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:455. [PMID: 31533784 PMCID: PMC6751627 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3710-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus are two globally invasive vectors with similar ecological niches. Encounters between them can result in either competitive exclusion or stable co-existence, but it is unclear what drives these variable outcomes. Larval competition in favor of Ae. albopictus is a main hypothesis for the competitive exclusion of Ae. aegypti observed in some regions. However, the role of oviposition preference in determining the degree of competitive larval interactions in the field is not well understood. In this study, we used a combination of mark-release-recapture methods with ovitraps in the open-field and a semi-field cage to test whether gravid Ae. albopictus seek oviposition sites in response to the presence, species, and density of either conspecific or heterospecific Ae. aegypti larvae in the aquatic habitat. We conducted our study in Medellín, Colombia, where Ae. aegypti is a long-term resident and Ae. albopictus is a recent invader. RESULTS In the open-field and semi-field cage experiments, gravid Ae. albopictus showed strong preference for ovitraps with larvae over those without. They consistently preferred ovitraps with higher density of conspecific (Ae. albopictus) larvae and low density of heterospecific (Ae. aegypti) larvae over traps with no larvae or high density of heterospecific (Ae. aegypti) larvae. In the semi-field cage experiment, traps with low density of Ae. albopictus were not preferred more or less than any other trap, but in the open-field experiment they were preferred over traps without larvae. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate, through open-field and semi-field cage experiments, that Ae. albopictus are more attracted to oviposition sites with larvae and that the combination of species and density of larvae influence attraction. This demonstrated preference could increase interspecific larval competition as Ae. albopictus actively seek containers with conspecific and heterospecific larvae. Any resulting competition with Ae. aegypti may favor one species over the other and alter the distribution or abundance of both. Because these species vary in vectorial capacity and insecticide resistance, effects of interspecific competition could ultimately impact arbovirus transmission rates and the success of vector control efforts .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Talya Shragai
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY USA
| | | | - Catalina Alfonso-Parra
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Sabaneta, 055450 Antioquia Colombia
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010 Antioquia Colombia
| | - Frank Avila
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Mosquito Reproductive Biology, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, 050010 Antioquia Colombia
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Paton RS, Bonsall MB. The ecological and epidemiological consequences of reproductive interference between the vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus. J R Soc Interface 2019; 16:20190270. [PMID: 31362626 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2019.0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Vector ecology is integral to understanding the transmission of vector-borne diseases, with processes such as reproduction and competition pivotal in determining vector presence and abundance. The arbovirus vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus compete as larvae, but this mechanism is insufficient to explain patterns of coexistence and exclusion. Inviable interspecies matings-known as reproductive interference-is another candidate mechanism. Here, we analyse mathematical models of mosquito population dynamics and epidemiology which include two Aedes-specific features of reproductive interference. First, as these mosquitoes use hosts to find mates, reproductive interference will only occur if the same host is visited. Host choice will, in turn, be determined by behavioural responses to host availability. Second, females can become sterilized after mis-mating with heterospecifics. We find that a species with an affinity for a shared host will suffer more from reproductive interference than a less selective competitor. Costs from reproductive interference can be 'traded-off' against costs from larval competition, leading to competitive outcomes that are difficult to predict from empirical evidence. Sterilizations of a self-limiting species can counterintuitively lead to higher densities than a competitor suffering less sterilization. We identify that behavioural responses and reproductive interference mediate a concomitant relationship between vector ecological dynamics and epidemiology. Competitors with opposite behavioural responses can maintain disease where human hosts are rare, due to vector coexistence facilitated by a reduced cost from reproductive interference. Our work elucidates the relative roles of the competitive mechanisms governing Aedes populations and the associated epidemiological consequences.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Robert S Paton
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.,Balliol College, Broad Street, Oxford OX1 3BJ, UK
| | - Michael B Bonsall
- Mathematical Ecology Research Group, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK.,St Peter's College, New Inn Hall Street, Oxford OX1 2DL, UK
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Qureshi A, Aldersley A, Hollis B, Ponlawat A, Cator LJ. Male competition and the evolution of mating and life-history traits in experimental populations of Aedes aegypti. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20190591. [PMID: 31185872 PMCID: PMC6571471 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is an important disease vector and a major target of reproductive control efforts. We manipulated the opportunity for sexual selection in populations of Ae. aegypti by controlling the number of males competing for a single female. Populations exposed to higher levels of male competition rapidly evolved higher male competitive mating success relative to populations evolved in the absence of competition, with an evolutionary response visible after only five generations. We also detected correlated evolution in other important mating and life-history traits, such as acoustic signalling, fecundity and body size. Our results indicate that there is ample segregating variation for determinants of male mating competitiveness in wild populations and that increased male mating success trades-off with other important life-history traits. The mating conditions imposed on laboratory-reared mosquitoes are likely a significant determinant of male mating success in populations destined for release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alima Qureshi
- 1 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY , UK
| | - Andrew Aldersley
- 1 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY , UK
| | - Brian Hollis
- 2 School of Life Sciences, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , Lausanne , Switzerland
| | - Alongkot Ponlawat
- 3 Department of Entomology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences , Bangkok 10400 , Thailand
| | - Lauren J Cator
- 1 Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London , Silwood Park, Ascot SL5 7PY , UK
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
McDonald GC, Gardner A, Pizzari T. Sexual selection in complex communities: Integrating interspecific reproductive interference in structured populations. Evolution 2019; 73:1025-1036. [PMID: 30941751 DOI: 10.1111/evo.13726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The social structure of populations plays a key role in shaping variation in sexual selection. In nature, sexual selection occurs in communities of interacting species; however, heterospecifics are rarely included in characterizations of social structure. Heterospecifics can influence the reproductive outcomes of intrasexual competition by interfering with intraspecific sexual interactions (interspecific reproductive interference [IRI]). We outline the need for studies of sexual selection to incorporate heterospecifics as part of the social environment. We use simulations to show that classic predictions for the effect of social structure on sexual selection are altered by an interaction between social structure and IRI. This interaction has wide-ranging implications for patterns of sexual conflict and kin-selected reproductive strategies in socially structured populations. Our work bridges the gap between sexual selection research on social structure and IRI, and highlights future directions to study sexual selection in interacting communities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grant C McDonald
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom.,Department of Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Budapest, 1077, Hungary
| | - Andy Gardner
- School of Biology, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9TH, United Kingdom
| | - Tommaso Pizzari
- Department of Zoology, Edward Grey Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX1 3PS, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Tedjou AN, Kamgang B, Yougang AP, Njiokou F, Wondji CS. Update on the geographical distribution and prevalence of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae), two major arbovirus vectors in Cameroon. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2019; 13:e0007137. [PMID: 30883552 PMCID: PMC6438584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Revised: 03/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Arboviral diseases including dengue are increasingly spreading in the tropical/subtropical world including Africa. Updated knowledge on the distribution and abundance of the major vectors Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus constitutes crucial surveillance action to prepare African countries such as Cameroon for potential arbovirus outbreaks. Here, we present a nationwide survey in Cameroon to assess the current geographical distribution and prevalence of both vectors including a genetic diversity profiling of Ae. albopictus (invasive species) using mitochondrial DNA. Methods Immature stages of Aedes were collected between March and August 2017 in 29 localities across Cameroon following north-south and east-west transects. Larvae and pupae were collected from several containers in each location, reared to adult and morphologically identified. Genetic diversity of Ae. albopictus from 16 locations were analysed using Cytochrome Oxidase I gene (COI). Results In total, 30,381 immature stages of Aedes with an average of 646.40±414.21 per location were identified across the country comprising 69.3% of Ae. albopictus and 30.7% of Ae. aegypti. Analysis revealed that Ae. aegypti is still distributed nation widely whereas Ae. albopictus is limited to the southern part, around 6°4’N. However, Ae. albopictus is the most prevalent species in all southern locations where both species are sympatric except in Douala where Ae. aegypti is predominant. This suggests that factors such as climate, vegetation, and building density impact the distribution of both species in Cameroon. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed a low genetic diversity in Ae. albopictus populations with a major common haplotype resulting in low haplotype diversity ranging from 0.13 to 0.65 and 0.35 for the total sample. Similarly, low nucleotide diversity was also reported varying from 0.0000 to 0.0017 with an overall index of 0.0008. This low genetic polymorphism is consistent with the recent introduction of Ae. albopictus in Cameroon. Conclusion This updated distribution of arbovirus vectors across Cameroon will help in planning vector control programme against possible outbreak of arbovirus related diseases in the country. Aedes albopictus and Ae. aegypti are the most important arbovirus vectors worldwide. Ae. albopictus, native of Asia, was recorded for the first time in early 2000s in Cameroon, central Africa. Previous studies performed a decade ago in Cameroon showed that Ae. albopictus has a geographical distribution limited to the south under 6°N. Whereas the native species Ae. aegypti was present across the country. To update our knowledge in this regards, a nationwide survey was performed in Cameroon to assess the current geographical distribution and prevalence of both vectors including a genetic diversity profiling of Ae. albopictus (invasive species) using mitochondrial DNA. Analysis revealed that Ae. aegypti is still distributed nation widely whereas Ae. albopictus is limited to the southern part, around 6°4’N. However, Ae. albopictus is the most prevalent species in all southern locations where both species are sympatric except in Douala where Ae. aegypti is predominant. This suggests that factors such as climate, vegetation and building density impact the distribution of both species in Cameroon. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed a low genetic diversity in Ae. albopictus populations with a major common haplotype detected in almost all locations. This study provides the relevant data that can be helpful to establish the vector surveillance of epidemic arbovirus vectors across the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Armel N. Tedjou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Basile Kamgang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- * E-mail:
| | - Aurélie P. Yougang
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Flobert Njiokou
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Charles S. Wondji
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Bargielowski I, Honório NA, Blosser EM, Lounibos LP. Rapid Loss of Resistance to Satyrization in Invasive Mosquitoes and the Effects of Age on Interspecific Mating Frequency. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:329-333. [PMID: 30668807 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In several areas where Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) have come in contact following successful invasions, Ae. aegypti have been rapidly displaced by Ae. albopictus. Recent work has confirmed that mating interference, in the form of satyrization, is likely a driving factor in these competitive displacements. However, in sites of sympatry, Ae. aegypti females evolve resistance to satyrization, and in the laboratory, satyrization-susceptible Ae. aegypti can evolve resistance within a few generations of cage exposure to Ae. albopictus. The resistance trait may be costly to maintain, as satyrization-resistant females have been shown to invest more time in mate selection. Here, we show that increased satyrization-resistance does not persist in the absence of satyrization pressure, confirming a cost to maintaining this trait. Ae. aegypti lines that had been previously selected for increased satyrization-resistance demonstrated rapid decreases in this trait over eight generations. Support for the hypothesis that condition-dependent mate preferences lead to variation in mating choice among individuals of differing quality within a population has been accumulating. Here we examine how age-related changes in reproductive effort or reproductive value may result in age-dependent mate choice. We hypothesize that older, lower quality individuals may be more likely to accept a subpar mating, in this case an interspecific mating. Our results demonstrate that mosquito age significantly affects interspecific mating rates with older mosquitoes (male and female) engaging in interspecific mating more frequently than younger counterparts (26.32 vs 9.41%). We discuss the possibility of age-related signal variation causing the breakdown of mating barriers with age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irka Bargielowski
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
- Department of Pathology, Vector Genetics Laboratory, Microbiology and Immunology/University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - Nildimar A Honório
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
- Laboratório de Mosquitos Transmissores de Hematozoários, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Erik M Blosser
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
- Department of Pathology, Vector Genetics Laboratory, Microbiology and Immunology/University of California, Davis, Davis, CA
| | - L Philip Lounibos
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Juliano SA, Yee DA, Alto BW, Reiskind MH. Papers From a Workshop on Mosquito Ecology and Evolution Inspired by the Career of L. Philip Lounibos. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:299-302. [PMID: 30668777 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A Juliano
- School of Biological Sciences, Illinois State University, Normal, IL
| | - Donald A Yee
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS
| | - Barry W Alto
- Department of Entomology & Nematology, Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory, University of Florida, Vero Beach, FL
| | - Michael H Reiskind
- Department of Plant Pathology and Entomology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Carrasquilla MC, Lounibos LP, Honorio NA, Murr S. Spermathecal Filling in Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus: Effects of Female and Male Body Sizes and Species. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 56:334-340. [PMID: 30668724 PMCID: PMC6389318 DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjy158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The mosquitoes Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) and Aedes albopictus (Skuse) (Diptera: Culicidae) are ecologically similar species that have evolved independently in their native ranges, Ae. aegypti in Africa and Ae. albopictus in Asia. Where their invasive ranges overlap, interspecific mating is facilitated by both species swarming to mate around bloodmeal hosts during daylight. Here, we test hypotheses to account for variation in spermathecal filling in females of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, particularly, the effect of mosquito size on the number of spermathecae containing sperm after intraspecific and interspecifc matings of these two species. Results show that significantly more spermathecae contained sperm in large than in small Ae. albopictus females, but there was no effect of Ae. aegypti female body size on the average number of spermathecae filled. Among inseminated females, there was no effect of male size or cross-type on number of spermathecae with sperm. Differences in the effect of female size on the number of spermathecae that store sperm in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus imply differences in the mating biology of these two species.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Sarah Murr
- London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Kamal M, Kenawy MA, Rady MH, Khaled AS, Samy AM. Mapping the global potential distributions of two arboviral vectors Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus under changing climate. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0210122. [PMID: 30596764 PMCID: PMC6312308 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/17/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the primary vectors that transmit several arboviral diseases, including dengue, chikungunya, and Zika. The world is presently experiencing a series of outbreaks of these diseases, so, we still require to better understand the current distributions and possible future shifts of their vectors for successful surveillance and control programs. Few studies assessed the influences of climate change on the spatial distributional patterns and abundance of these important vectors, particularly using the most recent climatic scenarios. Here, we updated the current potential distributions of both vectors and assessed their distributional changes under future climate conditions. METHODS We used ecological niche modeling approach to estimate the potential distributions of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus under present-day and future climate conditions. This approach fits ecological niche model from occurrence records of each species and environmental variables. For each species, future projections were based on climatic data from 9 general circulation models (GCMs) for each representative concentration pathway (RCP) in each time period, with a total of 72 combinations in four RCPs in 2050 and 2070. All ENMs were tested using the partial receiver operating characteristic (pROC) and a set of 2,048 and 2,003 additional independent records for Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, respectively. Finally, we used background similarity test to assess the similarity between the ENMs of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. RESULTS The predicted potential distribution of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus coincided with the current and historical known distributions of both species. Aedes aegypti showed a markedly broader distributional potential across tropical and subtropical regions than Ae. albopictus. Interestingly, Ae. albopictus was markedly broader in distributional potential across temperate Europe and the United States. All ecological niche models (ENMs) were statistically robust (P < 0.001). ENMs successfully anticipated 98% (1,999/2,048) and 99% (1,985/2,003) of additional independent records for both Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus, respectively (P < 0.001). ENMs based on future conditions showed similarity between the overall distributional patterns of future-day and present-day conditions; however, there was a northern range expansion in the continental USA to include parts of Southern Canada in case of Ae. albopictus in both 2050 and 2070. Future models also anticipated further expansion of Ae. albopictus to the East to include most of Europe in both time periods. Aedes aegypti was anticipated to expand to the South in East Australia in 2050 and 2070. The predictions showed differences in distributional potential of both species between diverse RCPs in 2050 and 2070. Finally, the background similarity test comparing the ENMs of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus was unable to reject the null hypothesis of niche similarity between both species (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION These updated maps provided details to better guide surveillance and control programs of Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus. They have also significant public health importance as a baseline for predicting the emergence of arboviral diseases transmitted by both vectors in new areas across the world.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Kamal
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail: , (MK); (AMS)
| | - Mohamed A. Kenawy
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Magda Hassan Rady
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amany Soliman Khaled
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
- Research and Training Center on Vectors of Diseases, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abdallah M. Samy
- Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Abbassia, Cairo, Egypt
- * E-mail: , (MK); (AMS)
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Kamgang B, Wilson-Bahun TA, Irving H, Kusimo MO, Lenga A, Wondji CS. Geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of the Congo. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:79. [PMID: 30175244 PMCID: PMC6081977 DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14659.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The arbovirus vector,
Aedes albopictus, originating from Asia, has recently invaded African countries, including the Republic of the Congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. Up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the native
Aedes aegypti and how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. Here, we assessed the current distribution of
Ae. albopictus and
Ae. aegypti in the Republic of the Congo and explored the genetic diversity of the invading species,
Ae. albopictus. Methods: Immature stages of
Aedes were collected in nine locations in the Republic of the Congo in 2017 following a north-south transect and reared to adult stage. Adults were morphologically identified, counted and grouped according to species and location. Genetic diversity of
Ae. albopictus was assessed by analyzing the cytochrome oxidase I (
COI) gene. Results: Ae. albopictus and
Ae. aegypti were found together across the country in all the locations investigated. The invasive species is predominant over the native species in all locations except Brazzaville, suggesting that
Ae. albopictus is displacing
Ae. aegypti across Congo. When comparing the species distributions across the two largest cities, Brazzaville and Pointe Noire,
Ae. albopictus was more prevalent than
Ae. aegypti in the suburbs whereas the opposite situation was reported in the city centre. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed very low genetic diversity of
Ae. albopictus with only three haplotypes recorded across the country supporting the recent introduction of this species in the Republic of the Congo. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that
Ae. albopictus from Congo originated from other tropical Asian countries such as China, likely as a result of increasing trade links. Conclusion: These findings are important for the implementation of vector control strategies and can serve as a foundation for further research on these vectors in the country.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Basile Kamgang
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon
| | - Theodel A Wilson-Bahun
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon.,Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Helen Irving
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| | - Michael O Kusimo
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon
| | - Arsene Lenga
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Marien Ngouabi University, Brazzaville, Congo
| | - Charles S Wondji
- Medical Entomology, Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases, Yaounde, P.O. Box 13591, Cameroon.,Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Burford Reiskind MO, Labadie P, Bargielowski I, Lounibos LP, Reiskind MH. Rapid evolution and the genomic consequences of selection against interspecific mating. Mol Ecol 2018; 27:3641-3654. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.14821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Labadie
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
| | - Irka Bargielowski
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory; University of Florida; Vero Beach Florida
| | - L. Philip Lounibos
- Florida Medical Entomology Laboratory; University of Florida; Vero Beach Florida
| | - Michael H. Reiskind
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology; North Carolina State University; Raleigh North Carolina
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Kamgang B, Wilson-Bahun TA, Irving H, Kusimo MO, Lenga A, Wondji CS. Geographical distribution of Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae) and genetic diversity of invading population of Ae. albopictus in the Republic of the Congo. Wellcome Open Res 2018; 3:79. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.14659.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background:The arbovirus vector,Aedes albopictus,originating from Asia, has recently invaded African countries, including the Republic of the Congo, where it was associated with a chikungunya outbreak. Up until now, little was known about its distribution in relation to the nativeAedes aegyptiand how the invasion will modify the epidemiology of arboviral diseases. Here, we assessed the current distribution ofAe. albopictusandAe. aegyptiin the Republic of the Congo and explored the genetic diversity of the invading species,Ae. albopictus.Methods:Immature stages ofAedeswere collected in nine locations in the Republic of the Congo in 2017 following a north-south transect and reared to adult stage. Adults were morphologically identified, counted and grouped according to species and location. Genetic diversity ofAe. albopictuswas assessed by analyzing the cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene.Results:Ae.albopictusandAe. aegyptiwere found together across the country in all the locations investigated. The invasive species is predominant over the native species in all locations except Brazzaville, suggesting thatAe. albopictusis displacingAe. aegyptiacross Congo. When comparing the species distributions across the two largest cities, Brazzaville and Pointe Noire,Ae. albopictuswas more prevalent thanAe. aegyptiin the suburbs whereas the opposite situation was reported in the city centre. Mitochondrial DNA analysis revealed very low genetic diversity ofAe. albopictuswith only three haplotypes recorded across the country supporting the recent introduction of this species in the Republic of the Congo. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed thatAe. albopictusfrom Congo originated from other tropical Asian countries such as China, likely as a result of increasing trade links.Conclusion:These findings are important for the implementation of vector control strategies and can serve as a foundation for further research on these vectors in the country.
Collapse
|