1
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Ahmad A, Agus R, Massi MN, Natzir R, Madhyastha R, Madhyastha HK, Maruyama M. Cloning and expression of MPT83 gene from Mycobacterium tuberculosis in E. coli BL21 as vaccine candidate of tuberculosis: A preliminary study. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2019; 16:335-340. [PMID: 30733743 PMCID: PMC6353755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The appearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains leading to drug resistance has caused new problems in TB treatment in various parts of the world and forces WHO to declare TB as a global emergency. With the increase of TB drug resistance, it is convinced that a more effective vaccine development will stop the epidemic of TB. Some M. tuberculosis antigens, one of which is MPT83, have been examined as TB vaccine candidate. MPT83 antigen, which is very immunogenic in lipoprotein micro bacteria, is identified as surface cell interrelated to antigen with cytometry circulation. Having TB resistance from BCG vaccine, MPT83 is considered TB vaccine candidate that can protect people against TB at adult age. The purpose of this research is to conduct amplification of MPT83 antigen cloning, and expression of its antigen on E. coli bacteria. From the result of the research, it is expected that raw material to produce TB vaccine as well as a high-quality antigen can be obtained. The band of DNA in PCR product is 660 bp, while the one in pGEMT-Easy-Mpt83 recombinant plasmid is 3678 bp. This is expressed in E. coli BL21 strain and produces 48 kDa protein as well as GST-MPT83 fusion protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyar Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, Mathematic and Natural Science Faculty, Hasanuddin Univesity, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street km. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Laboratory of Research Centre and Developing of Sciences, Faculty of Mathematic and Natural Sciences, Hasanuddin University, Jl. Perintis Kemerdekaan KM 10, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
- Corresponding author at: Chemistry Department, Mathematic and Natural Science Faculty, Hasanuddin Univesity, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street km. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia.
| | - Rosana Agus
- Biology Department, Mathematic and Natural Science Faculty, Hasanuddin Univesity, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street km. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Muh. Nasrum Massi
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin Univesity, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street km. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Rosdiana Natzir
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin Univesity, Perintis Kemerdekaan Street km. 10 Tamalanrea, Makassar 90245, Indonesia
| | - Radha Madhyastha
- Dept. of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Harish Kumar Madhyastha
- Dept. of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
| | - Masugi Maruyama
- Dept. of Applied Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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2
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Mesolella M, Iorio B, Landi M, Cimmino M, Ilardi G, Iengo M, Mascolo M. Overexpression of chromatin assembly factor-1/p60 predicts biological behaviour of laryngeal carcinomas. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA 2018; 37:17-24. [PMID: 28374866 PMCID: PMC5384305 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
This study analysed the immunohistochemical expression of the CAF-1/p60 protein in laryngeal cancers. CAF-1/p60 assumes an independent discriminative and prognostic value in laryngeal neoplasms; the presence of this protein in carcinoma in situ compared with laryngeal precancerous and larynx infiltrating tumours. We assessed the immunohistochemical expression of CAF-1/p60 in 30 cases of moderate and/or severe dysplasia, 30 cases of carcinoma in situ and 30 cases of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCCs). CAF-1/p60 expression increased significantly according to the high index of neoplastic cellular replication; therefore, CAF-1/p60 was overexpressed in neoplastic cells and its moderate-severe expression is correlated with poorer prognosis compared to less expression. In conclusion, overexpression of the CAF-1/p60 protein is related to a risk of higher morbidity and mortality and is a reliable independent prognostic index of laryngeal carcinoma. CAF1-p60 protein overexpression can be used in cancer management as an indicator of malignant evolution, especially in carcinoma in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mesolella
- Department of Neurosciences, ENT Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, A.O.U. Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - B Iorio
- Department of Neurosciences, ENT Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, A.O.U. Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Landi
- Department of Neurosciences, ENT Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, A.O.U. Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Cimmino
- Department of Neurosciences, ENT Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, A.O.U. Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - G Ilardi
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - M Iengo
- Department of Neurosciences, ENT Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, A.O.U. Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - M Mascolo
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Pathology Section, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
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3
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Stengel KR, Hiebert SW. Class I HDACs Affect DNA Replication, Repair, and Chromatin Structure: Implications for Cancer Therapy. Antioxid Redox Signal 2015; 23:51-65. [PMID: 24730655 PMCID: PMC4492608 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2014.5915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE The contribution of epigenetic alterations to cancer development and progression is becoming increasingly clear, prompting the development of epigenetic therapies. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDIs) represent one of the first classes of such therapy. Two HDIs, Vorinostat and Romidepsin, are broad-spectrum inhibitors that target multiple histone deacetylases (HDACs) and are FDA approved for the treatment of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. However, the mechanism of action and the basis for the cancer-selective effects of these inhibitors are still unclear. RECENT ADVANCES While the anti-tumor effects of HDIs have traditionally been attributed to their ability to modify gene expression after the accumulation of histone acetylation, recent studies have identified the effects of HDACs on DNA replication, DNA repair, and genome stability. In addition, the HDIs available in the clinic target multiple HDACs, making it difficult to assign either their anti-tumor effects or their associated toxicities to the inhibition of a single protein. However, recent studies in mouse models provide insights into the tissue-specific functions of individual HDACs and their involvement in mediating the effects of HDI therapy. CRITICAL ISSUES Here, we describe how altered replication contributes to the efficacy of HDAC-targeted therapies as well as discuss what knowledge mouse models have provided to our understanding of the specific functions of class I HDACs, their potential involvement in tumorigenesis, and how their disruption may contribute to toxicities associated with HDI treatment. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Impairment of DNA replication by HDIs has important therapeutic implications. Future studies should assess how best to exploit these findings for therapeutic gain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristy R. Stengel
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
| | - Scott W. Hiebert
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee
- Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
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4
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Bhatnagar A, Unal H, Jagannathan R, Kaveti S, Duan ZH, Yong S, Vasanji A, Kinter M, Desnoyer R, Karnik SS. Interaction of G-protein βγ complex with chromatin modulates GPCR-dependent gene regulation. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52689. [PMID: 23326349 PMCID: PMC3541368 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 11/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterotrimeric G-protein signal transduction initiated by G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) in the plasma membrane is thought to propagate through protein-protein interactions of subunits, Gα and Gβγ in the cytosol. In this study, we show novel nuclear functions of Gβγ through demonstrating interaction of Gβ2 with integral components of chromatin and effects of Gβ2 depletion on global gene expression. Agonist activation of several GPCRs including the angiotensin II type 1 receptor specifically augmented Gβ2 levels in the nucleus and Gβ2 interacted with specific nucleosome core histones and transcriptional modulators. Depletion of Gβ2 repressed the basal and angiotensin II-dependent transcriptional activities of myocyte enhancer factor 2. Gβ2 interacted with a sequence motif that was present in several transcription factors, whose genome-wide binding accounted for the Gβ2-dependent regulation of approximately 2% genes. These findings suggest a wide-ranging mechanism by which direct interaction of Gβγ with specific chromatin bound transcription factors regulates functional gene networks in response to GPCR activation in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anushree Bhatnagar
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Hamiyet Unal
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Rajaganapathi Jagannathan
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Suma Kaveti
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Zhong-Hui Duan
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- Department of Computer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sandro Yong
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Amit Vasanji
- Biomedical Imaging and Analysis Core, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Michael Kinter
- Department of Cell Biology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Russell Desnoyer
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
| | - Sadashiva S. Karnik
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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5
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Sirbu BM, Couch FB, Feigerle JT, Bhaskara S, Hiebert SW, Cortez D. Analysis of protein dynamics at active, stalled, and collapsed replication forks. Genes Dev 2011; 25:1320-7. [PMID: 21685366 DOI: 10.1101/gad.2053211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 337] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Successful DNA replication and packaging of newly synthesized DNA into chromatin are essential to maintain genome integrity. Defects in the DNA template challenge genetic and epigenetic inheritance. Unfortunately, tracking DNA damage responses (DDRs), histone deposition, and chromatin maturation at replication forks is difficult in mammalian cells. Here we describe a technology called iPOND (isolation of proteins on nascent DNA) to analyze proteins at active and damaged replication forks at high resolution. Using this methodology, we define the timing of histone deposition and chromatin maturation. Class 1 histone deacetylases are enriched at replisomes and remove predeposition marks on histone H4. Chromatin maturation continues even when decoupled from replisome movement. Furthermore, fork stalling causes changes in the recruitment and phosphorylation of proteins at the damaged fork. Checkpoint kinases catalyze H2AX phosphorylation, which spreads from the stalled fork to include a large chromatin domain even prior to fork collapse and double-strand break formation. Finally, we demonstrate a switch in the DDR at persistently stalled forks that includes MRE11-dependent RAD51 assembly. These data reveal a dynamic recruitment of proteins and post-translational modifications at damaged forks and surrounding chromatin. Furthermore, our studies establish iPOND as a useful methodology to study DNA replication and chromatin maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bianca M Sirbu
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, USA
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6
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Hoek M, Myers MP, Stillman B. An analysis of CAF-1-interacting proteins reveals dynamic and direct interactions with the KU complex and 14-3-3 proteins. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:10876-87. [PMID: 21209461 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m110.217075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
CAF-1 is essential in human cells for the de novo deposition of histones H3 and H4 at the DNA replication fork. Depletion of CAF-1 from various cell lines causes replication fork arrest, activation of the intra-S phase checkpoint, and global defects in chromatin structure. CAF-1 is also involved in coordinating inheritance of states of gene expression and in chromatin assembly following DNA repair. In this study, we generated cell lines expressing RNAi-resistant versions of CAF-1 and showed that the N-terminal 296 amino acids are dispensable for essential CAF-1 function in vivo. N-terminally truncated CAF-1 p150 was deficient in proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) binding, reinforcing the existence of two PCNA binding sites in human CAF-1, but the defect in PCNA binding had no effect on the recruitment of CAF-1 to chromatin after DNA damage or to resistance to DNA-damaging agents. Tandem affinity purification of CAF-1-interacting proteins under mild conditions revealed that CAF-1 was directly associated with the KU70/80 complex, part of the DNA-dependent protein kinase, and the phosphoserine/threonine-binding protein 14-3-3 ζ. CAF-1 was a substrate for DNA-dependent protein kinase, and the 14-3-3 interaction in vitro is dependent on DNA-dependent protein kinase phosphorylation. These results highlight that CAF-1 has prominent interactions with the DNA repair machinery but that the N terminus is dispensable for the role of CAF-1 in DNA replication- and repair-coupled chromatin assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten Hoek
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, New York 11724, USA
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7
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Cho SO, Lim JW, Jun JH, Kim KH, Kim H. Helicobacter pylori in a Korean isolate expressed proteins differentially in human gastric epithelial cells. Dig Dis Sci 2010; 55:1550-64. [PMID: 19672714 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-009-0908-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/05/2009] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The proteins expressed in gastric epithelial cells infected with Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) may determine the clinical outcome such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. The present study aims to determine the differentially expressed proteins in human gastric epithelial AGS cells that were infected with H. pylori in a Korean isolate, a cagA+, vacA s1b m2 iceA1 H. pylori by proteomic analysis. The differentially expressed proteins, whose expression levels were more or less than twofold in H. pylori-infected cells, were analyzed. RESULTS Ten proteins (chromatin assembly factor-1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, 14-3-3 protein tau, eukaryotic translation initiation factor 6, heat-shock protein 90beta, dimethylarginine dimethylaminohydrolase-1, L-lactate dehydrogenase B chain, prohibitin, triosephosphate isomerase, protein disulfide isomerase) were up-regulated while eight proteins (heat-shock gp96 precursor, nucleophosmin, ornithine aminotransferase, Ku70, L-arginine-glycine amidinotransferase, Smad anchor for receptor activation, ADP-ribosylation factor, WD repeat-containing protein isoform 1) were down-regulated by H. pylori infection in AGS cells. These proteins are related to cell proliferation, cell adhesion, carcinogenesis, cell-defense mechanisms against oxidative stress, membrane trafficking, and energy metabolism. CONCLUSIONS Oxidative stress, cell proliferation, cell adhesion, and membrane trafficking may be involved in the pathogenesis of gastric diseases including cancer associated with H. pylori in a Korean isolate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soon Ok Cho
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Korea 21 Project for Medical Sciences, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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8
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Davie JR, He S, Li L, Sekhavat A, Espino P, Drobic B, Dunn KL, Sun JM, Chen HY, Yu J, Pritchard S, Wang X. Nuclear organization and chromatin dynamics--Sp1, Sp3 and histone deacetylases. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 48:189-208. [PMID: 18187045 DOI: 10.1016/j.advenzreg.2007.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James R Davie
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0V9.
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9
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Sun JM, Chen HY, Davie JR. Differential distribution of unmodified and phosphorylated histone deacetylase 2 in chromatin. J Biol Chem 2007; 282:33227-36. [PMID: 17827154 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m703549200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) is one of the histone-modifying enzymes that regulate gene expression by remodeling chromatin structure. Along with HDAC1, HDAC2 is found in the Sin3 and NuRD multiprotein complexes, which are recruited to promoters by DNA-binding proteins. In this study, we show that the majority of HDAC2 in human breast cancer cells is not phosphorylated. However, the minor population of HDAC2, preferentially cross-linked to DNA by cisplatin, is mono-, di-, or tri-phosphorylated. Furthermore, HDAC2 phosphorylation is required for formation of Sin3 and NuRD complexes and recruitment to promoters by transcription factors including p53, Rb, YY1, NF-kappaB, Sp1, and Sp3. Unmodified HDAC2 requires linker DNA to associate with chromatin but is not cross-linked to DNA by formaldehyde. We provide evidence that unmodified HDAC2 is associated with the coding region of transcribed genes, whereas phosphorylated HDAC2 is primarily recruited to promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Min Sun
- Manitoba Institute of Cell Biology, University of Manitoba, 675 McDermot Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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10
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Gao MJ, Hegedus DD, Sharpe AG, Robinson SJ, Lydiate DJ, Hannoufa A. Isolation and characterization of a GCN5-interacting protein from Arabidopsis thaliana. PLANTA 2007; 225:1367-79. [PMID: 17151888 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-006-0446-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2006] [Accepted: 10/31/2006] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
An Arabidopsis protein, AtEML, was isolated based on its interaction with the histone acetyltransferase AtGCN5 in a yeast two-hybrid screen. RNA blot and RT-PCR analysis showed that AtEML is expressed in flowers, leaves, stems and siliques. The promoter region of AtEML has several cis-acting elements associated with response to biotic and abiotic stress conditions, and the accumulation of the AtEML transcript was found to be regulated by cold and salt treatments. In vitro and in vivo protein-protein interaction assays indicated that AtEML interacts with AtGCN5 through the N-terminal region. Furthermore, AtEML was shown to activate expression of the lacZ reporter gene in yeast through recruitment of AtGCN5. Such recruitment was accompanied by an increase in histone H3 acetylation at the promoter driving lacZ expression, as determined by chromatin immunoprecipitation. A higher level of AtEML gene expression was detected in the Arabidopsis gcn5 knockout mutant as compared to wild type Arabidopsis, indicating that AtEML expression is regulated by AtGCN5. These results suggest that AtEML may be a transcription factor that co-ordinates the expression of target stress regulated genes through involvement in recruiting AtGCN5 to their promoters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Gao
- Molecular Genetics Section, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, SK S7N 0X2, Canada
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11
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Gori F, Friedman LG, Demay MB. Wdr5, a WD-40 protein, regulates osteoblast differentiation during embryonic bone development. Dev Biol 2006; 295:498-506. [PMID: 16730692 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2006.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2005] [Revised: 01/27/2006] [Accepted: 02/20/2006] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Wdr5 accelerates osteoblast and chondrocyte differentiation in vitro, and is developmentally expressed in osteoblasts as well as in proliferating and hypertrophic chondrocytes. To investigate the role of Wdr5 during endochondral bone development, transgenic mice overexpressing Wdr5 under the control of the 2.3-kb fragment of the mouse alpha(1) I collagen promoter were generated. The transgene was specifically expressed in the osteoblasts of transgene positive mice and was absent in the growth plate. Histological analyses at embryonic day 14.5 demonstrated that the humeri of transgene positive embryos were longer than those isolated from wild-type littermates largely due to an expansion of the hypertrophic chondrocyte layer. Acceleration of osteoblast differentiation was observed with greater and more extensive expression of type I collagen and more extensive mineral deposition in the bone collar of transgene positive embryos. Acceleration of vascular invasion was also observed in transgene positive mice. Postnatal analyses of transgenic mice confirmed persistent acceleration of osteoblast differentiation. Targeted expression of Wdr5 to osteoblasts resulted in earlier activation of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway in the bone collar as well as in primary calvarial osteoblast cultures. In addition, overexpression of Wdr5 increased the expression of OPG, a target of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that Wdr5 accelerates osteoblast differentiation in association with activation of the canonical Wnt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Gori
- Endocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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12
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Tsai TC, Lee YL, Hsiao WC, Tsao YP, Chen SL. NRIP, a Novel Nuclear Receptor Interaction Protein, Enhances the Transcriptional Activity of Nuclear Receptors. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:20000-9. [PMID: 15784617 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m412169200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Transcriptional regulation by members of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily is a modular process requiring the mediation of distinct subclasses of coregulators. In this study, we isolated a novel WD40 repeat-containing gene, human nuclear receptor interaction protein (NRIP). We found NRIP interacts with either androgen or glucocorticoid receptors from in vitro and in vivo pulldown assays. Subsequently, transient transfection and luciferase activity assays suggested that NRIP was a ligand-dependent coactivator of steroid receptors (androgen and glucocorticoid) in distinct promoters. To further clarify the function of NRIP, we found an RNA interference-3-targeted NRIP gene sequence (5'-GATGATACAGCACGAGAAC-3') that could efficiently and specifically knock down endogenous and exogenous NRIP gene expression and that significantly diminished cell proliferation in prostate (LNCaP) and cervical (C33A) cells. Therefore, NRIP may play a role in enhancing the transcriptional activity of nuclear receptors and may be a critical target for developing therapeutic agents against nuclear receptor-mediated progression of prostate and cervical cancers.
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MESH Headings
- Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
- Amino Acid Sequence
- Animals
- Base Sequence
- Cell Line
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Proliferation
- DNA/genetics
- Female
- Humans
- In Vitro Techniques
- Male
- Mice
- Molecular Sequence Data
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/genetics
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Hormone-Dependent/pathology
- Nuclear Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Nuclear Proteins/genetics
- Nuclear Proteins/metabolism
- Pregnancy
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms/pathology
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- Receptors, Androgen/genetics
- Receptors, Androgen/metabolism
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/genetics
- Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear/metabolism
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/genetics
- Receptors, Glucocorticoid/metabolism
- Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
- Tissue Distribution
- Transcription, Genetic
- Two-Hybrid System Techniques
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/genetics
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/metabolism
- Uterine Cervical Neoplasms/pathology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzung-Chieh Tsai
- Graduate Institute of Life Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
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13
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Ahmad A, Takami Y, Nakayama T. WD dipeptide motifs and LXXLL motif of chicken HIRA are essential for interactions with the p48 subunit of chromatin assembly factor-1 and histone deacetylase-2 in vitro and in vivo. Gene 2005; 342:125-36. [PMID: 15527972 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2004.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2004] [Revised: 07/19/2004] [Accepted: 07/29/2004] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We cloned cDNA encoding chicken HIRA, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcriptional corepressors Hir1p and Hir2p, possessing seven WD dipeptide motifs and a LXXLL motif in its N-terminal and C-terminal regions, respectively. It binds to CAF-1p48, HDAC-1 and 2, but not to CAF-1p60, p46 polypeptide and HDAC-3. The immunoprecipitation experiment involving truncated and missense mutants of HIRA and CAF-1p48 revealed not only that even one of seven WD dipeptide motifs in the N-terminal half of HIRA are necessary for the interaction with CAF-1p48, but also that those of CAF-1p48 are necessary for the interaction with HIRA. These findings indicate that the proper propeller structures of both HIRA and CAF-1p48 are necessary for their in vitro interaction. The immunoprecipitation experiment involving truncated and missense mutants of HIRA and HDAC-2 revealed that the LXXLL motif in the C-terminal half of HIRA and a C-terminal region of HDAC-2 are necessary for their in vitro interaction. Moreover, the WD dipeptide motifs and LXXLL motif of HIRA are essential for the interaction with CAF-1p48 and HDAC-2 in vivo. Taken together, these results indicate that HIRA should participate differentially in a number of DNA-utilizing processes through interactions of its distinct regions with these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyar Ahmad
- Department of Life Science, Frontier Science Research Center, Miyazaki Medical College, University of Miyazaki, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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14
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Yoon YM, Baek KH, Jeong SJ, Shin HJ, Ha GH, Jeon AH, Hwang SG, Chun JS, Lee CW. WD repeat-containing mitotic checkpoint proteins act as transcriptional repressors during interphase. FEBS Lett 2004; 575:23-9. [PMID: 15388328 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2004.07.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2004] [Revised: 07/20/2004] [Accepted: 07/22/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
WD repeats are implicated in protein-protein interactions and regulate a wide variety of cellular functions, including chromatin remodeling and transcription. The WD repeats of the Bub3 and Cdc20 kinetochore proteins are important for the physical interactions of these proteins with Mad2 and BubR1 to yield a kinetochore protein complex capable of delaying anaphase by inhibiting ubiquitin ligation via the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome. Here, we show that Bub3 and Cdc20 form a complex with histone deacetylases; this interaction appears to confer transcriptional repressor activity in a heterologous DNA-binding context. In addition, inhibition of Bub3 and Cdc20 expression significantly impairs interphase cell cycle. These results indicate that Bub3 and Cdc20 play additional roles in the integration of cell cycle arrest as transcriptional repressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Mee Yoon
- Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
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15
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Niikura M, Liu HC, Dodgson JB, Cheng HH. A Comprehensive Screen for Chicken Proteins that Interact with Proteins Unique to Virulent Strains of Marek's Disease Virus. Poult Sci 2004; 83:1117-23. [PMID: 15285502 DOI: 10.1093/ps/83.7.1117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Genetic resistance to Marek's disease (MD) has been proposed as a method to augment current vaccinal control of MD. Although it is possible to identify QTL and candidate genes that are associated with MD resistance, it is necessary to integrate functional screens with linkage analysis to confirm the identity of true MD resistance genes. To help achieve this objective, a comprehensive 2-hybrid screen was conducted using genes unique to virulent Marek's disease virus (MDV) strains. Potential MDV-host protein interactions were tested by an in vitro binding assay to confirm the initial two-hybrid results. As a result, 7 new MDV-chicken protein interactions were identified and included the chicken proteins MHC class II beta (BLB) and invariant (Ii) chain (CD74), growth-related translationally controlled tumor protein (TPT1), complement component Clq-binding protein (C1QBP), retinoblastoma-binding protein 4 (RBBP4), and alpha-enolase (ENO1). Mapping of the encoding chicken genes suggests that BLB, the gene for MHC class II beta chain, is a positional candidate gene. In addition, the known functions of the chicken proteins suggest mechanisms that MDV might use to evade the chicken immune system and alter host gene regulation. Taken together, our results indicate that integrated genomic methods provide a powerful strategy to gain insights on complex biological processes and yield a manageable number of genes and pathways for further characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Niikura
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
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16
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Ahmad A, Takami Y, Nakayama T. WD dipeptide motifs and LXXLL motif of chicken HIRA are necessary for transcription repression and the latter motif is essential for interaction with histone deacetylase-2 in vivo. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2004; 312:1266-72. [PMID: 14652010 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.11.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
We previously reported not only that chicken HIRA, a homolog of Saccharomyces cerevisiae transcriptional corepressors Hir1p and Hir2p, possesses seven WD dipeptide motifs and a LXXLL motif in its N-terminal half and C-terminal half, respectively, but also that the N-terminal and C-terminal halves, respectively, bind to CAF-1p48 and HDAC-1 and -2 in vitro. Seven WD dipeptide motifs in the N-terminal half of HIRA are required for the in vitro interaction with CAF-1p48. The LXXLL motif at positions 993-997 of HIRA is necessary for the in vitro interaction with HDAC-2. Here we revealed not only that the N-terminal and C-terminal halves of HIRA mediate individually transcription repressions but also that even one of the seven WD dipeptide motifs and the LXXLL motif of HIRA are essential for the mediations in vivo. Moreover, the LXXLL motif is essential for the interaction with endogenous or recombinant HDAC-2 in vivo, probably resulting in formation of the active complex, harboring the HDAC activity. Taken together, these results indicate that HIRA should participate differentially in a number of DNA-utilizing processes, including transcription repressions, through interactions of its distinct regions with CAF-1p48 and HDAC-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahyar Ahmad
- Department of Life Science, Frontier Science Research Center, University of Miyazaki, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, 889-1692, Miyazaki, Japan
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17
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Gao MJ, Schäfer UA, Parkin IAP, Hegedus DD, Lydiate DJ, Hannoufa A. A novel protein from Brassica napus has a putative KID domain and responds to low temperature. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2003; 33:1073-86. [PMID: 12631331 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01694.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
To identify factors that interact with histone deacetylase (HDAC) in Brassica napus, a yeast two-hybrid library was screened using the Arabidopsis HDA19 as bait. A novel protein, bnKCP1, containing a putative kinase-inducible domain (KID) was found to interact with HDA19. Southern blot analysis indicated that the bnKCP1 gene belongs to a small gene family of at least three members. Northern blot analysis showed bnKCP1 to be strongly expressed in stems, flowers, roots, and immature siliques, but not in leaf blades of seedlings. The accumulation of bnKCP1 transcript in the leaf blades was induced significantly within 4 h of exposure of B. napus seedlings to cold stress, whereas treatment of leaf blades with inomycin, an ionophore of Ca2+, caused a rapid (30 min) but transient induction of bnKCP1 expression. In contrast to that observed in leaf blades, expression of bnKCP1 in the stems was repressed upon cold treatment. In vitro and in vivo protein-binding assays showed that bnKCP1 interacts with HDA19 via the KID domain, and that S188 is critical for bnKCP1-HDA19 interaction. BnKCP1 also exerted modest transactivation of the lacZ reporter gene in yeast through its N-terminal region. These assays suggest that bnKCP1 may function as a transcription factor, which regulates gene expression through interaction with HDA19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Jun Gao
- Molecular Genetics Section, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Saskatoon Research Centre, 107 Science Place, Saskatoon, Canada S7N 0X2
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18
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Souza PP, Santos DN, Pena SDJ, Franco GR. Cloning and Molecular Characterization of the Schistosoma mansoni Genes RbAp48 and Histone H4. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2002. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762002000900016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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19
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Takebayashi S, Nakao M, Fujita N, Sado T, Tanaka M, Taguchi H, Okumura K. 5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine induces histone hyperacetylation of mouse centromeric heterochromatin by a mechanism independent of DNA demethylation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2001; 288:921-6. [PMID: 11688997 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2001.5863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
5-Aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-azadC) is widely used as a potent inhibitor of DNA methyltransferase. Cells treated with this drug show various phenomena such as the reactivation of repressed genes, change in replication timing, and decondensation of heterochromatin. A number of studies using this drug have been reported so far but it is still controversial whether such changes are due to 5-azadC-induced demethylation itself or the side effects of the drug. Here we report that 5-azadC treatment induces histone hyperacetylation in mouse centromeric heterochromatin which normally contains methylated DNA and hypoacetylated histones. Treatment also affects the intranuclear distribution of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2). However, histone hyperacetylation was not observed in DNA methyltransferase 1-deficient cells with a reduced level of genomic DNA methylation. Our results suggest that 5-azadC-induced histone hyperacetylation is independent of DNA demethylation and that DNA methylation is not essential for the maintenance of the histone hypoacetylated state in centromeric heterochromatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Takebayashi
- Faculty of Bioresources, Mie University, 1515 Kamihama, Tsu, Mie, 514-8507, Japan.
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20
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Dong H, Lin W, Zhang CK, Xiong H, Fu G, Jin WR, Chen R, Chen Z, Qi ZT, Huang GM. Genomic sequence and expression analyses of human chromatin assembly factor 1 p150 gene. Gene 2001; 264:187-96. [PMID: 11250073 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(01)00335-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Chromatin assembly factor-1 (CAF-1) plays essential roles in eukaryotic chromatin assembly during DNA replication (Smith and Stillman, 1989. Cell 58, 15-25), (Krude, 1999. Eur. J. Biochem. 263, 1-5). Its p150 subunit, involved in interaction with histone H3 and H4, is critical to the CAF-1 nucleosome assembly activity. In this study, we sequenced a 96-kb genomic DNA region that includes a 42.8-kb CAF-1 p150 subunit gene (CHAF1A), and a 41.1-kb EEN gene. A scripted bioinformatics analysis pipeline (research agent) has been set up to annotate the BAC sequence with a set of integrated algorithms. The CAF-1 p150 subunit gene contains 15 exons and 14 introns. The promoter region is characterized by deletional analyses, revealing a potential repressor. Tissue-correlated alternative splicing forms of the transcript was initially identified by EST clustering analysis, then confirmed by RT-PCR which resulted more splicing forms than computational prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Dong
- Chinese National Human Genome Center at Shanghai, 351 Guo Shou Jing Road, Zhangjiang High Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, P.R. China
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21
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Ahmad A, Nagamatsu N, Kouriki H, Takami Y, Nakayama T. Leucine zipper motif of chicken histone acetyltransferase-1 is essential for in vivo and in vitro interactions with the p48 subunit of chicken chromatin assembly factor-1. Nucleic Acids Res 2001; 29:629-37. [PMID: 11160883 PMCID: PMC30395 DOI: 10.1093/nar/29.3.629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We cloned cDNA encoding chicken cytoplasmic histone acetyltransferase-1, chHAT-1, comprising 408 amino acids including a putative initiation Met. It exhibits 80.4% identity to the human homolog and possesses a typical leucine zipper motif. The glutathione S:-transferase (GST) pull-down assay, involving truncated and missense mutants of the chicken chromatin assembly factor-1 (chCAF-1)p48, revealed not only that a region (comprising amino acids 376-405 of chCAF-1p48 and containing the seventh WD dipeptide motif) binds to chHAT-1 in vitro, but also that mutation of the motif has no influence on the in vitro interaction. The GST pull-down assay, involving truncated and missense chHAT-1 mutants, established that a region, comprising amino acids 380-408 of chHAT-1 and containing the leucine zipper motif, is required for its in vitro interaction with chCAF-1p48. In addition, mutation of each of four Leu residues in the leucine zipper motif prevents the in vitro interaction. The yeast two-hybrid assay revealed that all four Leu residues within the leucine zipper motif of chHAT-1 are necessary for its in vivo interaction with chCAF-1p48. These results indicate not only that the proper leucine zipper motif of chHAT-1 is essential for its interaction with chCAF-1p48, but also that the propeller structure of chCAF-1p48 expected to act as a platform for protein-protein interactions may not be necessary for this interaction of chHAT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Miyazaki Medical College, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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22
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Ahmad A, Takami Y, Nakayama T. Distinct regions of the chicken p46 polypeptide are required for its in vitro interaction with histones H2B and H4 and histone acetyltransferase-1. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 279:95-102. [PMID: 11112423 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We cloned cDNA encoding the chicken p46 polypeptide, chp46, homologous to the p48 subunit of chicken chromatin assembly factor-1, chCAF-1p48. It comprises 424 amino acids including a putative initiation Met, is a member of the WD protein family, with seven WD repeat motifs, and exhibits 90.3% identity to chCAF-1p48 and 94.3% identity to the human and mouse p46 polypeptides (hup46 and mop46). The in vitro immunoprecipitation experiment established that chp46 interacts with histones H2B and H4 and chicken histone acetyltransferase-1, chHAT-1, whereas hup46 interacts with histones H2A and H4 and chHAT-1 and chCAF-1p48 with histone H4 and chHAT-1. The in vitro immunoprecipitation experiment, involving truncated mutants of chp46, revealed not only that two regions comprising amino acids 33-179 and 375-404 are necessary for its binding to H2B, but also that two regions comprising amino acids 1-32 and 405-424 are necessary for its binding to H4. Furthermore, the GST pulldown affinity assay, involving truncated mutants of chp46, revealed that a region comprising amino acids 359-404 (in fact, 375-404) binds to chHAT-1 in vitro. Taken together, these results indicate not only that chp46 should participate differentially in a number of DNA-utilizing processes through interactions of its distinct regions with chHAT-1 and histones H2B and H4, but also that the proper propeller structure of chp46 is not necessary for its interaction with chHAT-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ahmad
- Department of Biochemistry, Miyazaki Medical College, 5200, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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23
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Takami Y, Nakayama T. N-terminal region, C-terminal region, nuclear export signal, and deacetylation activity of histone deacetylase-3 are essential for the viability of the DT40 chicken B cell line. J Biol Chem 2000; 275:16191-201. [PMID: 10748092 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m908066199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are involved in the deacetylation of core histones, which is related to transcription regulation in eukaryotes through alterations in the chromatin structure. We cloned cDNA and genomic DNA encoding a chicken HDAC, chHDAC-3, which was localized in both the nuclei and cytoplasm in DT40 cells. Although one of the two chHDAC-3 alleles could be disrupted with high efficiency, no homozygous mutants were obtained after a second round of the gene-targeting technique due to its necessity for DT40 cells. We introduced a chHDAC-3 transgene under the control of a tetracycline-responsive promoter into the heterozygous mutant and subsequently disrupted the remaining endogenous chHDAC-3 allele to generate the homozygous chHDAC-3-deficient mutant, DeltachHDAC-3/FHDAC3. Inhibition of the expression of the regulatable chHDAC-3 transgene caused apoptotic cell death of the mutant. Complementation experiments involving truncated and missense chHDAC-3 mutant proteins revealed that the 1-23 N-terminal sequence, the 389-417 C-terminal sequence, the nuclear export signal, and the deacetylation activity of chHDAC-3 were essential for the cell viability. Taken together, these results indicate that chHDAC-3 plays an essential role, probably as a scavenger in the cytoplasm, in the proliferation of DT40 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Takami
- Department of Biochemistry, Miyazaki Medical College, Kihara, Kiyotake, Miyazaki 889-1692, Japan
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24
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Schiltz RL, Nakatani Y. The PCAF acetylase complex as a potential tumor suppressor. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 2000; 1470:M37-53. [PMID: 10722926 DOI: 10.1016/s0304-419x(99)00037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R L Schiltz
- Laboratory of Molecular Growth Regulation, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, 9000 Rockville Pike, National Institutes of Health, Building 6, Room 416, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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25
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Abstract
We discuss nuclear chaperones that bind correctly folded protein subunits and mediate molecular interactions, particularly between proteins and nucleic acids. The charge of these chaperones helps to prevent non-specific electrostatic interactions between the components. Thus, an ordered assembly of macromolecular complexes is mediated, most notably in the formation and maintenance of chromatin, though similar principles are likely to apply in ribonucleoprotein assembly. Here, we discuss roles for nuclear chaperones in mediating nucleosome assembly and remodelling during DNA replication and transcription, and upon fertilisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Philpott
- Department of Oncology, University of Cambridge, Wellcome Trust Centre for the Study of Molecular Mechanisms in Disease, Cambridge Institute for Medical Research, Wellcome/MRC Building, Addenbrooke's Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 2XY, UK
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