1
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Nagelli S, Westermarck J. CIP2A coordinates phosphosignaling, mitosis, and the DNA damage response. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:52-64. [PMID: 37793965 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Human cancers share requirements for phosphorylation-dependent signaling, mitotic hyperactivity, and survival after DNA damage. The oncoprotein CIP2A (cancerous inhibitor of PP2A) can coordinate all these cancer cell characteristics. In addition to controlling cancer cell phosphoproteomes via inhibition of protein phosphatase PP2A, CIP2A directly interacts with the DNA damage protein TopBP1 (topoisomerase II-binding protein 1). Consequently, CIP2A allows DNA-damaged cells to enter mitosis and is essential for mitotic cells that are defective in homologous recombination (HR)-mediated DNA repair (e.g., BRCA mutants). The CIP2A-TopBP1 complex is also important for clustering fragmented chromosomes at mitosis. Clinically, CIP2A is a disease driver for basal-like triple-negative breast cancer (BL-TNBC) and a promising cancer therapy target across many cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikar Nagelli
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine and FICANWest Cancer Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Jukka Westermarck
- Turku Bioscience Centre, University of Turku and Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Institute of Biomedicine and FICANWest Cancer Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; InFLAMES Research Flagship Center, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
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2
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Chen B, Hu H, Chen X. From Basic Science to Clinical Practice: The Role of Cancerous Inhibitor of Protein Phosphatase 2A (CIP2A)/p90 in Cancer. Front Genet 2023; 14:1110656. [PMID: 36911405 PMCID: PMC9998691 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1110656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), initially reported as a tumor-associated antigen (known as p90), is highly expressed in most solid and hematological tumors. The interaction of CIP2A/p90, protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), and c-Myc can hinder the function of PP2A toward c-Myc S62 induction, thus stabilizing c-Myc protein, which represents a potential role of CIP2A/p90 in tumorigeneses such as cell proliferation, invasion, and migration, as well as cancer drug resistance. The signaling pathways and regulation networks of CIP2A/p90 are complex and not yet fully understood. Many previous studies have also demonstrated that CIP2A/p90 can be used as a potential therapeutic cancer target. In addition, the autoantibody against CIP2A/p90 in sera may be used as a promising biomarker in the diagnosis of certain types of cancer. In this Review, we focus on recent advances relating to CIP2A/p90 and their implications for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Huihui Hu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiaobing Chen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.,Zhengzhou Key Laboratory for Precision Therapy of Gastrointestinal Cancer, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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3
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Context-Dependent Function of Long Noncoding RNA PURPL in Transcriptome Regulation during p53 Activation. Mol Cell Biol 2022; 42:e0028922. [PMID: 36342127 PMCID: PMC9753727 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.00289-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPL is a p53-induced lncRNA that suppresses basal p53 levels. Here, we investigated PURPL upon p53 activation in liver cancer cells, where it is expressed at significantly higher levels than other cell types. Using isoform sequencing, we discovered novel PURPL transcripts that have a retained intron and/or previously unannotated exons. To determine PURPL function upon p53 activation, we performed transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) after depleting PURPL using CRISPR interference (CRISPRi), followed by Nutlin treatment to induce p53. Strikingly, although loss of PURPL in untreated cells altered the expression of only 7 genes, loss of PURPL resulted in altered expression of ~800 genes upon p53 activation, revealing a context-dependent function of PURPL. Pathway analysis suggested that PURPL is important for fine-tuning the expression of specific genes required for mitosis. Consistent with these results, we observed a significant decrease in the percentage of mitotic cells upon PURPL depletion. Collectively, these data identify novel transcripts from the PURPL locus and suggest that PURPL delicately moderates the expression of mitotic genes in the context of p53 activation to control cell cycle arrest.
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4
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Dana D, Das T, Choi A, Bhuiyan AI, Das TK, Talele TT, Pathak SK. Nek2 Kinase Signaling in Malaria, Bone, Immune and Kidney Disorders to Metastatic Cancers and Drug Resistance: Progress on Nek2 Inhibitor Development. Molecules 2022; 27:347. [PMID: 35056661 PMCID: PMC8779408 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell cycle kinases represent an important component of the cell machinery that controls signal transduction involved in cell proliferation, growth, and differentiation. Nek2 is a mitotic Ser/Thr kinase that localizes predominantly to centrosomes and kinetochores and orchestrates centrosome disjunction and faithful chromosomal segregation. Its activity is tightly regulated during the cell cycle with the help of other kinases and phosphatases and via proteasomal degradation. Increased levels of Nek2 kinase can promote centrosome amplification (CA), mitotic defects, chromosome instability (CIN), tumor growth, and cancer metastasis. While it remains a highly attractive target for the development of anti-cancer therapeutics, several new roles of the Nek2 enzyme have recently emerged: these include drug resistance, bone, ciliopathies, immune and kidney diseases, and parasitic diseases such as malaria. Therefore, Nek2 is at the interface of multiple cellular processes and can influence numerous cellular signaling networks. Herein, we provide a critical overview of Nek2 kinase biology and discuss the signaling roles it plays in both normal and diseased human physiology. While the majority of research efforts over the last two decades have focused on the roles of Nek2 kinase in tumor development and cancer metastasis, the signaling mechanisms involving the key players associated with several other notable human diseases are highlighted here. We summarize the efforts made so far to develop Nek2 inhibitory small molecules, illustrate their action modalities, and provide our opinion on the future of Nek2-targeted therapeutics. It is anticipated that the functional inhibition of Nek2 kinase will be a key strategy going forward in drug development, with applications across multiple human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dibyendu Dana
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; (D.D.); (T.D.); (A.C.); (A.I.B.)
- KemPharm Inc., 2200 Kraft Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24060, USA
| | - Tuhin Das
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; (D.D.); (T.D.); (A.C.); (A.I.B.)
| | - Athena Choi
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; (D.D.); (T.D.); (A.C.); (A.I.B.)
- Brooklyn Technical High School, 29 Fort Greene Pl, Brooklyn, NY 11217, USA
| | - Ashif I. Bhuiyan
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; (D.D.); (T.D.); (A.C.); (A.I.B.)
- Chemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Tirtha K. Das
- Department of Cell, Developmental, and Regenerative Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA;
- Mindich Child Health and Development Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Genetics and Genomic Science, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Tanaji T. Talele
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, St. John’s University, 8000 Utopia Parkway, Queens, NY 11439, USA;
| | - Sanjai K. Pathak
- Chemistry and Biochemistry Department, Queens College of the City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., Flushing, NY 11367, USA; (D.D.); (T.D.); (A.C.); (A.I.B.)
- Chemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
- Biochemistry Doctoral Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 365 5th Ave, New York, NY 10016, USA
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5
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Adam S, Rossi SE, Moatti N, De Marco Zompit M, Xue Y, Ng TF, Álvarez-Quilón A, Desjardins J, Bhaskaran V, Martino G, Setiaputra D, Noordermeer SM, Ohsumi TK, Hustedt N, Szilard RK, Chaudhary N, Munro M, Veloso A, Melo H, Yin SY, Papp R, Young JTF, Zinda M, Stucki M, Durocher D. The CIP2A-TOPBP1 axis safeguards chromosome stability and is a synthetic lethal target for BRCA-mutated cancer. NATURE CANCER 2021; 2:1357-1371. [PMID: 35121901 DOI: 10.1038/s43018-021-00266-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BRCA1/2-mutated cancer cells adapt to the genome instability caused by their deficiency in homologous recombination (HR). Identification of these adaptive mechanisms may provide therapeutic strategies to target tumors caused by the loss of these genes. In the present study, we report genome-scale CRISPR-Cas9 synthetic lethality screens in isogenic pairs of BRCA1- and BRCA2-deficient cells and identify CIP2A as an essential gene in BRCA1- and BRCA2-mutated cells. CIP2A is cytoplasmic in interphase but, in mitosis, accumulates at DNA lesions as part of a complex with TOPBP1, a multifunctional genome stability factor. Unlike PARP inhibition, CIP2A deficiency does not cause accumulation of replication-associated DNA lesions that require HR for their repair. In BRCA-deficient cells, the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex prevents lethal mis-segregation of acentric chromosomes that arises from impaired DNA synthesis. Finally, physical disruption of the CIP2A-TOPBP1 complex is highly deleterious in BRCA-deficient tumors, indicating that CIP2A represents an attractive synthetic lethal therapeutic target for BRCA1- and BRCA2-mutated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salomé Adam
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Silvia Emma Rossi
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nathalie Moatti
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mara De Marco Zompit
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Yibo Xue
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Timothy F Ng
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Alejandro Álvarez-Quilón
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Repare Therapeutics, St-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Dheva Setiaputra
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sylvie M Noordermeer
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Nicole Hustedt
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Lonza AG, Visp, Switzerland
| | - Rachel K Szilard
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Natasha Chaudhary
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Meagan Munro
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Henrique Melo
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Robert Papp
- Repare Therapeutics, St-Laurent, Quebec, Canada
| | | | | | - Manuel Stucki
- Department of Gynecology, University Hospital and University of Zurich, Schlieren, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Durocher
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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6
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Gräf R, Grafe M, Meyer I, Mitic K, Pitzen V. The Dictyostelium Centrosome. Cells 2021; 10:cells10102657. [PMID: 34685637 PMCID: PMC8534566 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The centrosome of Dictyostelium amoebae contains no centrioles and consists of a cylindrical layered core structure surrounded by a corona harboring microtubule-nucleating γ-tubulin complexes. It is the major centrosomal model beyond animals and yeasts. Proteomics, protein interaction studies by BioID and superresolution microscopy methods led to considerable progress in our understanding of the composition, structure and function of this centrosome type. We discuss all currently known components of the Dictyostelium centrosome in comparison to other centrosomes of animals and yeasts.
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7
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Gao C, Han Y, Bai L, Wang Y, Xue F. IK: A novel cell mitosis regulator that contributes to carcinogenesis. Cell Biochem Funct 2021; 39:854-859. [PMID: 34250629 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Carcinogenesis is characterized by abnormal regulation of cell growth and cell death. IK is a novel cell mitosis regulator that may contribute to carcinogenesis. Previous studies showed that the loss of IK expression resulted in cell mitotic arrest and even cell death. Besides, IK can also inhibit the interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-induced expression of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II antigen, which is associated with tumour immune microenvironment. To gain insight into the current research progress regarding IK, we conducted a review and searched the limited literature on IK using PubMed or Web of Science. In this review, we discussed the possible biological functions and mechanisms of IK in cancer and its immune microenvironment. Future perspectives of IK were also mentioned to explore its clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Gao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanyan Han
- Department of Pathology, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Lu Bai
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Nankai University Affiliated Hospital (Tianjin Fourth Hospital), Tianjin, China
| | - Yingmei Wang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin, China
| | - Fengxia Xue
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Health and Eugenics, Tianjin, China
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8
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Son HE, Jang WG. Cip2A modulates osteogenic differentiation via the ERK-Runx2 pathway in MG63 cells. Biofactors 2021; 47:658-664. [PMID: 34077593 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (Cip2A) is an oncoprotein that promotes the development of several types of cancer. However, its molecular function in osteoblast differentiation remains unclear. In this study, we found that Cip2A was upregulated under osteogenic conditions in MG63 cells. Besides, overexpression of Cip2A significantly increased the expression of Runt-related transcription factor 2 (Runx2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Inversely, the knockdown of Cip2A in MG63 cells suppressed osteoblast differentiation. Cip2A expression during osteogenic differentiation was mediated by extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) activation. Taken together, our results suggest that Cip2A plays important role in regulating osteoblast differentiation by inducing ERK phosphorylation in MG63 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Eun Son
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Gu Jang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Engineering, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Anti-Aging, Daegu University, Gyeongbuk, Republic of Korea
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9
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The Role of Hydrogen Peroxide and Peroxiredoxins throughout the Cell Cycle. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9040280. [PMID: 32224940 PMCID: PMC7222192 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9040280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an oxidizing agent that induces cellular damage at inappropriate concentrations and gives rise to an arrest during cell cycle progression, causing cell death. Recent evidence indicates that H2O2 also acts as a promoter for cell cycle progression by oxidizing specific thiol proteins. The intracellular concentration of H2O2 is regulated tightly, enabling its use as a cellular signaling molecule while minimizing its potential to cause cellular damage. Peroxiredoxins (Prxs) have peroxidase activity toward H2O2, organic hydroperoxides, and peroxynitrite for protecting cells from oxidative stress. They are suggested to work as signaling mediators, allowing the local accumulation of H2O2 by inactivating their peroxidase activity uniquely compared with other antioxidant proteins such as catalase and glutathione peroxidase. Given that Prxs are highly sensitive to oxidation by H2O2, they act as sensors and transducers of H2O2 signaling via transferring their oxidation state to effector proteins. The concentrations of intracellular H2O2 increase as the cell cycle progresses from G1 to mitosis. Here, we summarize the roles of Prxs with regard to the regulation of cell cycle-dependent kinase activity and anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome in terms of changes in H2O2 levels. Protection of the cell from unwanted progression of the cell cycle is suggested to be a role of Prx. We discuss the possible roles of Prxs to control H2O2 levels.
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10
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Abstract
Cell division is a highly regulated and carefully orchestrated process. Understanding the mechanisms that promote proper cell division is an important step toward unraveling important questions in cell biology and human health. Early studies seeking to dissect the mechanisms of cell division used classical genetics approaches to identify genes involved in mitosis and deployed biochemical approaches to isolate and identify proteins critical for cell division. These studies underscored that post-translational modifications and cyclin-kinase complexes play roles at the heart of the cell division program. Modern approaches for examining the mechanisms of cell division, including the use of high-throughput methods to study the effects of RNAi, cDNA, and chemical libraries, have evolved to encompass a larger biological and chemical space. Here, we outline some of the classical studies that established a foundation for the field and provide an overview of recent approaches that have advanced the study of cell division.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Y Ong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
| | - Jorge Z Torres
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095 .,The Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095.,Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
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11
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Abstract
Mitosis is controlled by reversible protein phosphorylation involving specific kinases and phosphatases. A handful of major mitotic protein kinases, such as the cyclin B-CDK1 complex, the Aurora kinases, and Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), cooperatively regulate distinct mitotic processes. Research has identified proteins and mechanisms that integrate these kinases into signaling cascades that guide essential mitotic events. These findings have important implications for our understanding of the mechanisms of mitotic regulation and may advance the development of novel antimitotic drugs. We review collected evidence that in vertebrates, the Aurora kinases serve as catalytic subunits of distinct complexes formed with the four scaffold proteins Bora, CEP192, INCENP, and TPX2, which we deem "core" Aurora cofactors. These complexes and the Aurora-PLK1 cascades organized by Bora, CEP192, and INCENP control crucial aspects of mitosis and all pathways of spindle assembly. We compare the mechanisms of Aurora activation in relation to the different spindle assembly pathways and draw a functional analogy between the CEP192 complex and the chromosomal passenger complex that may reflect the coevolution of centrosomes, kinetochores, and the actomyosin cleavage apparatus. We also analyze the roles and mechanisms of Aurora-PLK1 signaling in the cell and centrosome cycles and in the DNA damage response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Joukov
- N.N. Petrov National Medical Research Center of Oncology, Saint-Petersburg 197758, Russian Federation.
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12
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Jeong AL, Ka HI, Han S, Lee S, Lee EW, Soh SJ, Joo HJ, Sumiyasuren B, Park JY, Lim JS, Park JH, Lee MS, Yang Y. Oncoprotein CIP2A promotes the disassembly of primary cilia and inhibits glycolytic metabolism. EMBO Rep 2018; 19:e45144. [PMID: 29491003 PMCID: PMC5934771 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201745144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
In most mammalian cells, the primary cilium is a microtubule-enriched protrusion of the plasma membrane and acts as a key coordinator of signaling pathways during development and tissue homeostasis. The primary cilium is generated from the basal body, and cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A), the overexpression of which stabilizes c-MYC to support the malignant growth of tumor cells, is localized in the centrosome. Here, we show that CIP2A overexpression induces primary cilia disassembly through the activation of Aurora A kinase, and CIP2A depletion increases ciliated cells and cilia length in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE1) cells. CIP2A depletion also shifts metabolism toward the glycolytic pathway by altering the expression of metabolic genes related to glycolysis. However, glycolytic activation in CIP2A-depleted cells does not depend on cilia assembly, even though enhanced cilia assembly alone activates glycolytic metabolism. Collectively, these data suggest that CIP2A promotes primary cilia disassembly and that CIP2A depletion induces metabolic reprogramming independent of primary cilia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Lee Jeong
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
- New Drug Development Center, Osong Medical Innovation Foundation, Osong, Korea
| | - Hye In Ka
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sora Han
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sunyi Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
- Drug Evaluation Group, R&D Center CJ HealthCare, Icheon, Korea
| | - Eun-Woo Lee
- Metabolic Regulation Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Korea
| | - Su Jung Soh
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Joo
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Buyanravjkh Sumiyasuren
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Young Park
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Seok Lim
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong Hoon Park
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung Sok Lee
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Young Yang
- Division of Biological Sciences, Department of Life Systems, Research Center for Women's Disease, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul, Korea
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13
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Fang Y, Kong Y, Xi J, Zhu M, Zhu T, Jiang T, Hu W, Ma M, Zhang X. Preclinical activity of MBM-5 in gastrointestinal cancer by inhibiting NEK2 kinase activity. Oncotarget 2018; 7:79327-79341. [PMID: 27764815 PMCID: PMC5346717 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
NEK2 is a conserved mitotic regulator critical for cell cycle progression. Aberrant expression of NEK2 has been found in a variety of human cancers, making it an attractive molecular target for the design of novel anticancer therapeutics. In the present study, we have identified a novel compound MBM-5, which was found to bind to NEK2 with high affinity by docking simulations study. MBM-5 potently inhibited NEK2 kinase activity in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. MBM-5 also suppressed cellular NEK2 kinase activity, as evidenced by the decreased phosphorylation of its substrate Hec1 on S165 in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. This inhibition impeded mitotic progression by inducing chromosome segregation defects and cytokinesis failure; therefore leading to accumulation of cells with ≥4N DNA content, which finally underwent apoptosis. More importantly, MBM-5 treatment effectively suppressed the tumor growth of human gastric and colorectal cancer cells xenografts. Taken together, we demonstrated that MBM-5 effectively inhibited the kinase activity of NEK2 and showed a potential application in anti-cancer treatment regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Fang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yannan Kong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianbei Xi
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengli Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tong Zhu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tongtong Jiang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mingliang Ma
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiongwen Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
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14
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Zhang Y, Wang W, Wang Y, Huang X, Zhang Z, Chen B, Xie W, Li S, Shen S, Peng B. NEK2 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma migration and invasion through modulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Oncol Rep 2018; 39:1023-1033. [PMID: 29399700 PMCID: PMC5802024 DOI: 10.3892/or.2018.6224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Never in mitosis gene-A (NIMA)-related expressed kinase 2 (NEK2) has been recently reported to play a role in tumor progression, drug resistance and tumorigenesis. However, little is known about the effects of NEK2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) metastasis and the underlying mechanism. NEK2 expression levels were examined by immunochemistry, qRT-PCR and western blot analyses in HCC cell lines and HCC tissues. A Transwell assay was used to determine the migration and invasion capacity of NEK2-silenced or NEK2-overexpressing HCC cells. Cell proliferation was investigated by MTT [(3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol(-z-y1)-3,5-di-phenytetrazolium bromide] assay. The expression levels of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers in NEK2-silenced or NEK2-overexpressing HCC cells were examined by western blot analyses and qRT-PCR. The correlations between NEK2 expression and clinicopathological characteristics were further analyzed. Gene microarray was further used to analyze the effect of NEK2 expression on downstream cell signals. Our study showed that NEK2 was overexpressed in human HCC (37.84%; 98/259). NEK2 overexpression was significantly associated with liver non-capsulation and predicted poor survival outcomes in HCC patients after hepatectomy. In addition, NEK2 significantly enhanced HCC cell invasive ability. Mechanistically, we found that the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays a pivotal role in the NEK2-mediated promotion of HCC cell invasion. Furthermore, we provided evidence that signaling through the Wnt, NF-κB, focal adhesion, VEGF, Hippo and p53 pathways may be downstream of NEK2. Our findings highlight the importance of NEK2 in HCC metastasis and suggest that NEK2 is a reliable prognostic marker for HCC patients after hepatectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Medical Ultrasonics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Yifei Wang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Department of General Surgical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Wenxuan Xie
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shaoqiang Li
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Shunli Shen
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
| | - Baogang Peng
- Department of Hepatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, P.R. China
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15
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Chen YL, Tsai YT, Chao TT, Wu YN, Chen MC, Lin YH, Liao CH, Chou SSP, Chiang HS. DAPK and CIP2A are involved in GAS6/AXL-mediated Schwann cell proliferation in a rat model of bilateral cavernous nerve injury. Oncotarget 2018; 9:6402-6415. [PMID: 29464081 PMCID: PMC5814221 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 10/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Impotence is one of the major complications occurring in prostate cancer patients after radical prostectomy (RP). Self-repair of the injured nerve has been observed in animal models and in patients after RP. However, the downstream signalling is not well documented. Here, we found that the DAPK/CIP2A complex is involved in GAS6/AXL-related Schwann cell proliferation. Materials and Methods The 3 groups were a sham group, a 14-day post-bilateral cavernous nerve injury (BCNI) group and a 28-day post-BCNI group. Erectile function was assessed and immunohistochemistry was performed. The rat Schwann cell RSC96 line was chosen for gene knockdown, cell viability, western blot, immunofluorescence and co-immunoprecipitation assays. Results The intracavernosal pressure was low on the 14th day after BCNI and partially increased by the 28th day. GAS6 and p-AXL expression gradually increased in the cavernous nerve after BCNI. RSC96 cells incubated with a GAS6 ligand showed increased levels of p-ERK1/2 and p-AKT. Moreover, DAPK and CIP2A.p-AXL and p-DAPK and CIP2A complexes were identified by both immunoblotting and co-immunoprecipitation. Conclusion The DAPK/CIP2A complex is involved in GAS6/AXL-related Schwann cell proliferation. CIP2A inhibits PP2A activity, which results in p-DAPK(S308) maintenance and promotes Schwann cell proliferation. CIP2A is a potential target for the treatment of nerve injury after RP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Lin Chen
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Tsai
- Department of Pathology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Ting Chao
- Medical Research Center, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-No Wu
- School of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Chuan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Hung Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Hou Liao
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | - Han-Sun Chiang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei, Taiwan.,Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Makiyama T, Higashi S, Sakane H, Nogami S, Shirataki H. γ-Taxilin temporally regulates centrosome disjunction in a Nek2A-dependent manner. Exp Cell Res 2018; 362:412-423. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2017] [Revised: 12/02/2017] [Accepted: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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17
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Sarma S, Pandey AK, Sharma K, Ravi M, Sreelakshmi Y, Sharma R. MutS-Homolog2 silencing generates tetraploid meiocytes in tomato ( Solanum lycopersicum). PLANT DIRECT 2018; 2:e00017. [PMID: 31245679 PMCID: PMC6508528 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2017] [Revised: 09/07/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
MSH2 is the core protein of MutS-homolog family involved in recognition and repair of the errors in the DNA. While other members of MutS-homolog family reportedly regulate mitochondrial stability, meiosis, and fertility, MSH2 is believed to participate mainly in mismatch repair. The search for polymorphism in MSH2 sequence in tomato accessions revealed both synonymous and nonsynonymous SNPs; however, SIFT algorithm predicted that none of the SNPs influenced MSH2 protein function. The silencing of MSH2 gene expression by RNAi led to phenotypic abnormalities in highly silenced lines, particularly in the stamens with highly reduced pollen formation. MSH2 silencing exacerbated formation of UV-B-induced thymine dimers and blocked light-induced repair of the dimers. The MSH2 silencing also affected the progression of male meiosis to a varying degree with either halt of meiosis at zygotene stage or formation of diploid tetrads. The immunostaining of male meiocytes with centromere localized CENPC (centromere protein C) antibody showed the presence of 48 univalent along with 24 bivalent chromosomes suggesting abnormal tetraploid meiosis. The mitotic cells of root tips of silenced lines showed diploid nuclei but lacked intervening cell plates leading to cells with syncytial nuclei. Thus, we speculate that tetraploid pollen mother cells may have arisen due to the fusion of syncytial nuclei before the onset of meiosis. It is likely that in addition to mismatch repair (MMR), MSH2 may have an additional role in regulating ploidy stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Sarma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics ResourcesDepartment of Plant SciencesSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadIndia
- Present address:
Centre for Cellular and Molecular BiologyHyderabadIndia
| | - Arun Kumar Pandey
- Repository of Tomato Genomics ResourcesDepartment of Plant SciencesSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadIndia
- Present address:
International Crops Research Institute for the Semi‐Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)HyderabadIndia
| | - Kapil Sharma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics ResourcesDepartment of Plant SciencesSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadIndia
| | - Maruthachalam Ravi
- School of BiologyIndian Institute of Science Education and ResearchThiruvananthapuramKeralaIndia
| | - Yellamaraju Sreelakshmi
- Repository of Tomato Genomics ResourcesDepartment of Plant SciencesSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadIndia
| | - Rameshwar Sharma
- Repository of Tomato Genomics ResourcesDepartment of Plant SciencesSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of HyderabadHyderabadIndia
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18
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Wang H, Choe MH, Lee IW, Namgoong S, Kim JS, Kim NH, Oh JS. CIP2A acts as a scaffold for CEP192-mediated microtubule organizing center assembly by recruiting Plk1 and aurora A during meiotic maturation. Development 2017; 144:3829-3839. [PMID: 28935709 DOI: 10.1242/dev.158584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 09/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
In somatic cells spindle microtubules are nucleated from centrosomes that act as major microtubule organizing centers (MTOCs), whereas oocytes form meiotic spindles by assembling multiple acentriolar MTOCs without canonical centrosomes. Aurora A and Plk1 are required for these events, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here we show that CIP2A regulates MTOC organization by recruiting aurora A and Plk1 at spindle poles during meiotic maturation. CIP2A colocalized with pericentrin at spindle poles with a few distinct cytoplasmic foci. Although CIP2A has been identified as an endogenous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A), overexpression of CIP2A had no effect on meiotic maturation. Depletion of CIP2A perturbed normal spindle organization and chromosome alignment by impairing MTOC organization. Importantly, CIP2A was reciprocally associated with CEP192, promoting recruitment of aurora A and Plk1 at MTOCs. CIP2A was phosphorylated by Plk1 at S904, which targets CIP2A to MTOCs and facilitates MTOC organization with CEP192. Our results suggest that CIP2A acts as a scaffold for CEP192-mediated MTOC assembly by recruiting Plk1 and aurora A during meiotic maturation in mouse oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- HaiYang Wang
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Min Ho Choe
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - In-Won Lee
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Suk Namgoong
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kim
- Division of Radiation Cancer Research, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul 01812, Korea
| | - Nam-Hyung Kim
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Jeong Su Oh
- Department of Genetic Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
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19
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Abstract
Never in Mitosis (NIMA) Related Kinase 2 (NEK2) plays a key role in regulating mitotic processes, including centrosome duplication and separation, microtubule stabilization, kinetochore attachment and spindle assembly checkpoint. NEK2 is aberrantly overexpressed in a wide variety of human cancers and has been implicated in various aspects of malignant transformation, including tumorigenesis, drug resistance and tumor progression. The close relationship between NEK2 and cancer has made it an attractive target for anticancer therapeutic development; however, the mechanisms of how NEK2 coordinates altered signaling to malignant transformation remains unclear. In this paper, we discuss the functional roles of NEK2 in cancer development; highlight some of the significant NEK2 signaling in cancer, and summarize recent advances in the development of NEK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfen Fang
- a Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiongwen Zhang
- a Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Molecular Therapeutics and New Drug Development, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University , Shanghai , China
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20
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Can signal peptide-CUB-EGF domain-containing protein (SCUBE) levels be a marker of angiogenesis in patients with psoriasis? Arch Dermatol Res 2017; 309:203-207. [PMID: 28238185 DOI: 10.1007/s00403-017-1722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is an important process being involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis and promises new potential parameter for diagnosis and screening of treatment. This study investigated the levels of signal peptide-CUB-EGF (epidermal growth factor-like protein) family domain-containing protein (SCUBE) 1 and 3. Potential value as a novel marker of angiogenesis in patients with psoriasis is also evaluated by assessing possible relation of SCUBE-1 and 3 with disease activity in conjunction with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels, as an established marker of angiogenesis. Forty-eight patients with psoriasis (aged >18 years) and 48 age- and gender-matched healthy controls were included. Detailed information was obtained through history and physical examination. Psoriasis area and severity index (PASI) scores were calculated. Blood SCUBE 1 and 3, and VEGF levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The mean PASI score of the patients was 6.7 ± 4.1. Patients' serum SCUBE 1 and 3 and VEGF levels were significantly higher than those of the controls (P = 0.001). The sensitivity and specificity were calculated as 83 and 62% for the 0.67 ng/ml cut-off level of SCUBE 1, and 63 and 71% for the 2.57 ng/ml cut-off level of SCUBE 3, respectively. A cut-off VEGF level of 310 ng/mL predicted the presence of psoriasis with a sensitivity of 50% and specificity of 77%. The results of this pioneering study indicate that SCUBE protein family appears to have a probable role in the pathogenesis and angiogenesis development in psoriasis and SCUBE 1 and 3 may be novel markers of angiogenesis in psoriasis.
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21
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Jeong AL, Han S, Lee S, Su Park J, Lu Y, Yu S, Li J, Chun KH, Mills GB, Yang Y. Patient derived mutation W257G of PPP2R1A enhances cancer cell migration through SRC-JNK-c-Jun pathway. Sci Rep 2016; 6:27391. [PMID: 27272709 PMCID: PMC4895347 DOI: 10.1038/srep27391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 05/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mutation of PPP2R1A has been observed at high frequency in endometrial serous carcinomas but at low frequency in ovarian clear cell carcinoma. However, the biological role of mutation of PPP2R1A in ovarian and endometrial cancer progression remains unclear. In this study, we found that PPP2R1A expression is elevated in high-grade primary tumor patients with papillary serous tumors of the ovary. To determine whether increased levels or mutation of PPP2R1A might contribute to cancer progression, the effects of overexpression or mutation of PPP2R1A on cell proliferation, migration, and PP2A phosphatase activity were investigated using ovarian and endometrial cancer cell lines. Among the mutations, PPP2R1A-W257G enhanced cell migration in vitro through activating SRC-JNK-c-Jun pathway. Overexpression of wild type (WT) PPP2R1A increased its binding ability with B56 regulatory subunits, whereas PPP2R1A-mutations lost the ability to bind to most B56 subunits except B56δ. Total PP2A activity and PPP2R1A-associated PP2Ac activity were significantly increased in cells overexpressing PPP2R1A-WT. In addition, overexpression of PPP2R1A-WT increased cell proliferation in vitro and tumor growth in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ae Lee Jeong
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Han
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyi Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Su Park
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Yiling Lu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Shuangxing Yu
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Jane Li
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Kyung-Hee Chun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Gordon B Mills
- Department of Systems Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | - Young Yang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
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22
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Peng B, Chai Y, Li Y, Liu X, Zhang J. CIP2A overexpression induces autoimmune response and enhances JNK signaling pathway in human lung cancer. BMC Cancer 2015; 15:895. [PMID: 26560124 PMCID: PMC4642650 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-015-1899-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) is a recently characterized oncoprotein, which promotes cancer cell proliferation. But the role of CIP2A in lung cancer progression is still not well understood. Methods The expression level of CIP2A in lung cancer tissues was examined by immunohistochemistry. CIP2A-associated cell proliferation was performed by knock down or overexpression of CIP2A in lung cancer cells. Phospho-array was used to screen kinase candidates related to expression change of CIP2A. Western-blot and luciferase reporter assay were used to validate phospho-array results. Results Overexpression of CIP2A in lung cancer not only triggers immune response in lung cancer patients but also promotes lung cancer cell proliferation. By phospho-array, several kinase candidates were identified, one of which is c-Jun activated kinases (JNK). The knock down of CIP2A decreased JNK phosphorylation, and the phosphorylation of downstream transcriptional factors, ATF2 and c-Jun, whose transcriptional activity were decreased as well. Furthermore, the expression level of CIP2A also affected the phosphorylation of the upstream kinase of JNK, MKK4/MKK7. At last, treatment with JNK inhibitor partially abolished CIP2A-induced cell proliferation. Conclusion CIP2A is a tumor-associated autoantigen in lung cancer, which promote lung cancer proliferation partially through MKK4/7-JNK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Peng
- Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Yurong Chai
- Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Yang Li
- Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
| | - Jianying Zhang
- Border Biomedical Research Center & Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, 79968, USA.
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23
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Lucas CM, Harris RJ, Holcroft AK, Scott LJ, Carmell N, McDonald E, Polydoros F, Clark RE. Second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors prevent disease progression in high-risk (high CIP2A) chronic myeloid leukaemia patients. Leukemia 2015; 29:1514-23. [PMID: 25765543 DOI: 10.1038/leu.2015.71] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Revised: 02/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
High cancerous inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) protein levels at diagnosis of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) are predictive of disease progression in imatinib-treated patients. It is not known whether this is true in patients treated with second generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (2G TKI) from diagnosis, and whether 2G TKIs modulate the CIP2A pathway. Here, we show that patients with high diagnostic CIP2A levels who receive a 2G TKI do not progress, unlike those treated with imatinib (P=<0.0001). 2G TKIs induce more potent suppression of CIP2A and c-Myc than imatinib. The transcription factor E2F1 is elevated in high CIP2A patients and following 1 month of in vivo treatment 2G TKIs suppress E2F1 and reduce CIP2A; these effects are not seen with imatinib. Silencing of CIP2A, c-Myc or E2F1 in K562 cells or CML CD34+ cells reactivates PP2A leading to BCR-ABL suppression. CIP2A increases proliferation and this is only reduced by 2G TKIs. Patients with high CIP2A levels should be offered 2G TKI treatment in preference to imatinib. 2G TKIs disrupt the CIP2A/c-Myc/E2F1 positive feedback loop, leading to lower disease progression risk. The data supports the view that CIP2A inhibits PP2Ac, stabilising E2F1, creating a CIP2A/c-Myc/E2F1 positive feedback loop, which imatinib cannot overcome.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Autoantigens/genetics
- Autoantigens/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Proliferation/drug effects
- Disease Progression
- Drug Resistance, Neoplasm/drug effects
- E2F1 Transcription Factor/antagonists & inhibitors
- E2F1 Transcription Factor/genetics
- E2F1 Transcription Factor/metabolism
- Female
- Flow Cytometry
- Follow-Up Studies
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Humans
- Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/mortality
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Male
- Membrane Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Membrane Proteins/genetics
- Membrane Proteins/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Staging
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc/metabolism
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Survival Rate
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Lucas
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R J Harris
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - A K Holcroft
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - L J Scott
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - N Carmell
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - E McDonald
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - F Polydoros
- CR-UK Liverpool Cancer Trials Unit, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - R E Clark
- Section of Haematology, Department of Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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24
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Leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 59 mediates nuclear import of cancerous inhibitor of PP2A in prostate cancer cells. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6383-90. [PMID: 25833693 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3326-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Using yeast two-hybrid analysis, we identified several novel protein interactions for the oncoprotein Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) and confirmed a subset of these interactions in human cancer cell lines. Analysis of the interaction in prostate carcinoma cells between CIP2A and leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 59 (LRRC59) suggests that CIP2A is translocated into the nucleus at G2/M through its association with LRRC59. Recent work by others has demonstrated that nuclear CIP2A disrupts mitotic checkpoints, which promotes deregulation of the cell cycle and increases cancerous phenotypes. Thus, we provide a novel therapeutic mechanism for inhibiting CIP2A function in cancerous cells via targeting the CIP2A-LRRC59 interaction.
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25
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Pallai R, Bhaskar A, Barnett-Bernodat N, Gallo-Ebert C, Nickels JT, Rice LM. Cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A promotes premature chromosome segregation and aneuploidy in prostate cancer cells through association with shugoshin. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6067-74. [PMID: 25736928 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3284-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Yeast two-hybrid (Y2H) studies have shown that cancerous Inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A) interacted with several proteins, including leucine-rich repeat-containing protein 59 (LRRC59), suggesting that CIP2A may interact with the chromosome maintenance protein, shugoshin (Sgol1). We previously showed that LRRC59 interacted with CIP2A, which was required for CIP2A nuclear localization. Thus, we predicted that CIP2A and Sgol1 may also interact. Sgol1 is a nuclear protein that regulates chromosome segregation during cell division via protection of cohesin ring proteins. Here, we demonstrated that Sgol1 and the C-terminus of CIP2A interact in prostate carcinoma cell lines in a protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A)-dependent manner. Moreover, we demonstrated that depletion of CIP2A in PC-3 cells decreases premature chromosome segregation, whereas overexpression of CIP2A in an immortalized prostate cell line increases premature chromosome segregation. Importantly, we further showed that CIP2A depletion decreases the incidence of aneuploidy and stabilizes cohesin complex proteins, while overexpression of CIP2A destabilizes Sgol1. Thus, our findings strongly suggest that CIP2A promotes cell cycle progression, premature chromosome segregation, and aneuploidy, possibly through a novel interaction with Sgol1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajash Pallai
- Oncoveda, Cancer Signaling and Cell Cycle Team, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, LLC, Genesis Biotechnology Group, LLC, 1000 Waterview Drive, Hamilton, NJ, 08691, USA
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Park JS, Lee S, Jeong AL, Han S, Ka HI, Lim JS, Lee MS, Yoon DY, Lee JH, Yang Y. Hypoxia-induced IL-32β increases glycolysis in breast cancer cells. Cancer Lett 2015; 356:800-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2014] [Revised: 10/28/2014] [Accepted: 10/28/2014] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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Haesen D, Sents W, Lemaire K, Hoorne Y, Janssens V. The Basic Biology of PP2A in Hematologic Cells and Malignancies. Front Oncol 2014; 4:347. [PMID: 25566494 PMCID: PMC4263090 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2014.00347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Accepted: 11/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Reversible protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating cell signaling. In normal cells, phosphoregulation is tightly controlled by a network of protein kinases counterbalanced by several protein phosphatases. Deregulation of this delicate balance is widely recognized as a central mechanism by which cells escape external and internal self-limiting signals, eventually resulting in malignant transformation. A large fraction of hematologic malignancies is characterized by constitutive or unrestrained activation of oncogenic kinases. This is in part achieved by activating mutations, chromosomal rearrangements, or constitutive activation of upstream kinase regulators, in part by inactivation of their anti-oncogenic phosphatase counterparts. Protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) represents a large family of cellular serine/threonine phosphatases with suspected tumor suppressive functions. In this review, we highlight our current knowledge about the complex structure and biology of these phosphatases in hematologic cells, thereby providing the rationale behind their diverse signaling functions. Eventually, this basic knowledge is a key to truly understand the tumor suppressive role of PP2A in leukemogenesis and to allow further rational development of therapeutic strategies targeting PP2A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorien Haesen
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Ward Sents
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Katleen Lemaire
- Gene Expression Unit, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Yana Hoorne
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
| | - Veerle Janssens
- Laboratory of Protein Phosphorylation and Proteomics, Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Leuven , Leuven , Belgium
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CIP2A cooperates with H-Ras to promote epithelial-mesenchymal transition in cervical-cancer progression. Cancer Lett 2014; 356:646-55. [PMID: 25458953 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2014.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2014] [Revised: 10/10/2014] [Accepted: 10/10/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The oncoprotein Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A (CIP2A) has been reported to interact with Protein phosphatase 2 (PP2A) to stabilize c-Myc and prevent its degradation, and high expression levels of CIP2A have been proved to be related to poor clinical outcomes in multiple cancers. Here, we not only proved that the expression of CIP2A is positively correlated with lymph-node metastasis and cervical-cancer progression, but also revealed a close correlation between the protein's expression and the expression levels of two core epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) markers, Vimentin and Snail. In addition, we manipulated CIP2A expression to regulate EMT conversion and employed a pull-down assay, mass-spectrometric (MS) peptide sequencing, as well as bilateral co-immunoprecipitation to identify potentially interacting proteins in cervical-cancer cells. In this study, we proposed and successfully proved, for the first time, that CIP2A physically associates with H-Ras, which leads to the activation of the MEK/ERK signaling pathway and promotes EMT and cervical-cancer progression. Based on our observations and prior findings that CIP2A participates in c-Myc regulation, we conjecture that CIP2A may be a potentially promising molecular target for the adoptive therapy of human cancer.
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Lee S, Han S, Jeong AL, Park JS, Yang Y. Depletion of IK causes mitotic arrest through aberrant regulation of mitotic kinases and phosphatases. FEBS Lett 2014; 588:2844-50. [PMID: 24996188 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2014.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
IK is known to inhibit the expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II antigen, but other cellular functions of IK remain to be uncovered. In this study, IK depletion caused misalignment of chromosomes through an increase in Aurora A and PLK1 phosphorylation, which was mediated by a decrease in PP1 and PP2A activities. On the other hand, the treatment of a dual inhibitor against CDK and Aurora kinases overrode IK depletion-induced mitotic arrest through the activation of phosphatase activity. These findings imply that IK is an essential protein for achieving correct mitotic progress through the regulation of mitotic kinases and phosphatases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunyi Lee
- Research Center for Women's Disease, Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Sora Han
- Research Center for Women's Disease, Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Lee Jeong
- Research Center for Women's Disease, Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Su Park
- Research Center for Women's Disease, Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Yang
- Research Center for Women's Disease, Department of Life Systems, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 140-742, Republic of Korea.
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De P, Carlson J, Leyland-Jones B, Dey N. Oncogenic nexus of cancerous inhibitor of protein phosphatase 2A (CIP2A): an oncoprotein with many hands. Oncotarget 2014; 5:4581-602. [PMID: 25015035 PMCID: PMC4148086 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 06/20/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncoprotein CIP2A a Cancerous Inhibitor of PP2A forms an "oncogenic nexus" by virtue of its control on PP2A and MYC stabilization in cancer cells. The expression and prognostic function of CIP2A in different solid tumors including colorectal carcinoma, head and neck cancers, gastric cancers, lung carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, esophageal cancers, pancreatic carcinoma, brain cancers, breast carcinoma, bladder cancers, ovarian carcinoma, renal cell carcinomas, tongue cancers, cervical carcinoma, prostate cancers, and oral carcinoma as well as a number of hematological malignancies are just beginning to emerge. Herein, we reviewed the recent progress in our understanding of (1) how an "oncogenic nexus" of CIP2A participates in the tumorigenic transformation of cells and (2) how we can prospect/view the clinical relevance of CIP2A in the context of cancer therapy. The review will try to understand the role of CIP2A (a) as a biomarker in cancers and evaluate the prognostic value of CIP2A in different cancers (b) as a therapeutic target in cancers and (c) in drug response and developing chemo-resistance in cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip De
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Jennifer Carlson
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Brian Leyland-Jones
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
| | - Nandini Dey
- Department of Molecular & Experimental Medicine, Avera Research Institute, Sioux Falls, SD
- Department of Internal Medicine, SSOM, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD
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