1
|
Hajri T, Gharib M, Fungwe T, M'Koma A. Very low-density lipoprotein receptor mediates triglyceride-rich lipoprotein-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2024; 327:H733-H748. [PMID: 38787383 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00425.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with excess lipid deposition in nonadipose tissues, leading to increased oxidative stress and insulin resistance. Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), a member of the LDL receptor family, binds and increases the catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. Although VLDLR is highly expressed in the heart, its role in obesity-associated oxidative stress and insulin resistance is unclear. Here, we used lean (wild type), genetically obese leptin-deficient (ob/ob), and leptin-VLDLR double-null (ob/ob-VLDLR-/-) mice to determine the impact of VLDLR deficiency on obesity-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance in the heart. Although insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake were reduced in the hearts of ob/ob mice, VLDLR expression was upregulated and was associated with increased VLDL uptake and excess lipid deposition. This was accompanied by an upregulation of cardiac NADPH oxidase (Nox) expression and increased production of Nox-dependent superoxides. Silencing the VLDLR in ob/ob mice had reduced VLDL uptake and prevented excess lipid deposition in the heart, in addition to a reduction of superoxide overproduction and the normalization of insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake. In isolated cardiomyocytes, VLDLR deficiency had prevented VLDL-mediated induction of Nox activity and superoxide overproduction while improving insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake. Our findings indicate that VLDLR deficiency prevents excess lipid accumulation and moderates oxidative stress and insulin resistance in the hearts of obese mice. This effect is linked to the active role of VLDLR in VLDL uptake, which triggers a cascade of events leading to increased Nox activity, superoxide overproduction, and insulin resistance.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Obesity is associated with excess lipid deposition in muscles, which is considered as a leading cause of metabolic dysfunction and oxidative stress. Cellular uptake of lipids is regulated by several membrane receptors, among which is the very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). This article provides information on the role of VLDLR in cardiac muscle and how its expression regulates insulin resistance and oxidative stress in the obese mouse model.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahar Hajri
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
- AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, Florida, United States
| | | | - Thomas Fungwe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, District of Columbia, United States
| | - Amosy M'Koma
- AdventHealth Tampa, Tampa, Florida, United States
- School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, Nashville, Tennessee, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hourtovenko C, Sreetharan S, Tharmalingam S, Tai TC. Impact of Ionizing Radiation Exposure on Placental Function and Implications for Fetal Programming. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:9862. [PMID: 39337351 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25189862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Revised: 08/19/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Accidental exposure to high-dose radiation while pregnant has shown significant negative effects on the developing fetus. One fetal organ which has been studied is the placenta. The placenta performs all essential functions for fetal development, including nutrition, respiration, waste excretion, endocrine communication, and immunological functions. Improper placental development can lead to complications during pregnancy, as well as the occurrence of intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) offspring. IUGR is one of the leading indicators of fetal programming, classified as an improper uterine environment leading to the predisposition of diseases within the offspring. With numerous studies examining fetal programming, there remains a significant gap in understanding the placenta's role in irradiation-induced fetal programming. This review aims to synthesize current knowledge on how irradiation affects placental function to guide future research directions. This review provides a comprehensive overview of placental biology, including its development, structure, and function, and summarizes the placenta's role in fetal programming, with a focus on the impact of radiation on placental biology. Taken together, this review demonstrates that fetal radiation exposure causes placental degradation and immune function dysregulation. Given the placenta's crucial role in fetal development, understanding its impact on irradiation-induced IUGR is essential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cameron Hourtovenko
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Shayen Sreetharan
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Department of Medical Imaging, London Health Sciences Centre, 339 Windermere Rd., London, ON N6A 5A5, Canada
| | - Sujeenthar Tharmalingam
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - T C Tai
- Medical Sciences Division, NOSM University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- School of Natural Sciences, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd., Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Peyman M, Babin-Ebell A, Rodríguez-Rodríguez R, Rigon M, Aguilar-Recarte D, Villarroya J, Planavila A, Villarroya F, Palomer X, Barroso E, Vázquez-Carrera M. SIRT1 regulates hepatic vldlr levels. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:297. [PMID: 38807218 PMCID: PMC11134955 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01666-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated increases in the hepatic levels of the very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) receptor (VLDLR) promote hepatic steatosis by increasing the delivery of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins to the liver. Here, we examined whether the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) regulates hepatic lipid accumulation by modulating VLDLR levels and the subsequent uptake of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. METHODS Rats fed with fructose in drinking water, Sirt1-/- mice, mice treated with the ER stressor tunicamycin with or without a SIRT1 activator, and human Huh-7 hepatoma cells transfected with siRNA or exposed to tunicamycin or different inhibitors were used. RESULTS Hepatic SIRT1 protein levels were reduced, while those of VLDLR were upregulated in the rat model of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) induced by fructose-drinking water. Moreover, Sirt1-/- mice displayed increased hepatic VLDLR levels that were not associated with ER stress, but were accompanied by an increased expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α)-target genes. The pharmacological inhibition or gene knockdown of SIRT1 upregulated VLDLR protein levels in the human Huh-7 hepatoma cell line, with this increase abolished by the pharmacological inhibition of HIF-1α. Finally, SIRT1 activation prevented the increase in hepatic VLDLR protein levels in mice treated with the ER stressor tunicamycin. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings suggest that SIRT1 attenuates fatty liver development by modulating hepatic VLDLR levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mona Peyman
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Anna Babin-Ebell
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Rosalía Rodríguez-Rodríguez
- Basic Sciences Department, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya (UIC), Sant Cugat del Vallès, Barcelona, 08017, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | - Matilde Rigon
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - David Aguilar-Recarte
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Anna Planavila
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBEROBN)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain.
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Barcelona, 08028, Spain.
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, 28029, Spain.
- Pediatric Research Institute-Hospital Sant Joan de Déu Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, 08950, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ali-Berrada S, Guitton J, Tan-Chen S, Gyulkhandanyan A, Hajduch E, Le Stunff H. Circulating Sphingolipids and Glucose Homeostasis: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12720. [PMID: 37628901 PMCID: PMC10454113 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241612720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Sphingolipids are a family of lipid molecules produced through different pathways in mammals. Sphingolipids are structural components of membranes, but in response to obesity, they are implicated in the regulation of various cellular processes, including inflammation, apoptosis, cell proliferation, autophagy, and insulin resistance which favors dysregulation of glucose metabolism. Of all sphingolipids, two species, ceramides and sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), are also found abundantly secreted into the bloodstream and associated with lipoproteins or extracellular vesicles. Plasma concentrations of these sphingolipids can be altered upon metabolic disorders and could serve as predictive biomarkers of these diseases. Recent important advances suggest that circulating sphingolipids not only serve as biomarkers but could also serve as mediators in the dysregulation of glucose homeostasis. In this review, advances of molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of ceramides and S1P association to lipoproteins or extracellular vesicles and how they could alter glucose metabolism are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Ali-Berrada
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.-B.); (S.T.-C.); (A.G.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Jeanne Guitton
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, 91400 Saclay, France;
| | - Sophie Tan-Chen
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.-B.); (S.T.-C.); (A.G.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Anna Gyulkhandanyan
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.-B.); (S.T.-C.); (A.G.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France; (S.A.-B.); (S.T.-C.); (A.G.)
- Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire ICAN, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Hervé Le Stunff
- Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS UMR 9197, 91400 Saclay, France;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cao Y, Wang H, Jin P, Ma F, Zhou X. Identification and Characterization of the Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene from Branchiostoma belcheri: Insights into the Origin and Evolution of the Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor Gene Family. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2193. [PMID: 37443991 DOI: 10.3390/ani13132193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-density lipoprotein receptors (LDLRs) are a class of cell-surface endocytosis receptors that are mainly involved in cholesterol homeostasis and cellular signal transduction. Very-low-density lipoprotein receptors (VLDLRs), which are members of the LDLR family, have been regarded as multi-function receptors that fulfill diverse physiological functions. However, no VLDLR gene has been identified in protochordates to date. As a representative protochordate species, amphioxi are the best available example of vertebrate ancestors. Identifying and characterizing the VLDLR gene in amphioxi has high importance for exploring the evolutionary process of the LDLR family. With this study, a new amphioxus VLDLR gene (designated AmphiVLDLR) was cloned and characterized using RACE-PCR. The 3217 nt transcript of the AmphiVLDLR had a 2577 nt ORF, and the deduced 858 amino acids were highly conserved within vertebrate VLDLRs according to their primary structure and three-dimensional structure, both of which contained five characteristic domains. In contrast to other vertebrate VLDLRs, which had a conserved genomic structure organization with 19 exons and 18 introns, the AmphiVLDLR had 13 exons and 12 introns. The results of a selective pressure analysis showed that the AmphiVLDLR had numerous positive selection sites. Furthermore, the tissue expression of AmphiVLDLR using RT-qPCR showed that AmphiVLDLR RNA expression levels were highest in the gills and muscles, moderate in the hepatic cecum and gonads, and lowest in the intestines. The results of the evolutionary analysis demonstrated that the AmphiVLDLR gene is a new member of the VLDLR family whose family members have experienced duplications and deletions over the evolutionary process. These results imply that the functions of LDLR family members have also undergone differentiation. In summary, we found a new VLDLR gene homolog (AmphiVLDLR) in amphioxi. Our results provide insight into the function and evolution of the LDLR gene family.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunpeng Cao
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Taizhou College, Taizhou 225300, China
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Haili Wang
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Ping Jin
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Laboratory for Comparative Genomics and Bioinformatics & Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210046, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Nanjing Normal University Taizhou College, Taizhou 225300, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Krauss RM, Lu JT, Higgins JJ, Clary CM, Tabibiazar R. VLDL receptor gene therapy for reducing atherogenic lipoproteins. Mol Metab 2023; 69:101685. [PMID: 36739970 PMCID: PMC9950951 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2023.101685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the past 40 years, there has been considerable research into the management and treatment of atherogenic lipid disorders. Although the majority of treatments and management strategies for cardiovascular disease (CVD) center around targeting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), there is mounting evidence for the residual CVD risk attributed to high triglyceride (TG) and lipoprotein(a) (Lp(a)) levels despite the presence of lowered LDL-C levels. Among the biological mechanisms for clearing TG-rich lipoproteins, the VLDL receptor (VLDLR) plays a key role in the trafficking and metabolism of lipoprotein particles in multiple tissues, but it is not ordinarily expressed in the liver. Since VLDLR is capable of binding and internalizing apoE-containing TG-rich lipoproteins as well as Lp(a), hepatic VLDLR expression has the potential for promoting clearance of these atherogenic particles from the circulation and managing the residual CVD risk not addressed by current lipid lowering therapies. This review provides an overview of VLDLR function and the potential for developing a genetic medicine based on liver-targeted VLDLR gene expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ronald M. Krauss
- University of California, San Francisco, 5700 Martin Luther King, Jr. Way, Oakland CA 94609, USA,Corresponding author.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Shin KC, Huh JY, Ji Y, Han JS, Han SM, Park J, Nahmgoong H, Lee WT, Jeon YG, Kim B, Park C, Kang H, Choe SS, Kim JB. VLDL-VLDLR axis facilitates brown fat thermogenesis through replenishment of lipid fuels and PPARβ/δ activation. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111806. [PMID: 36516764 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In mammals, brown adipose tissue (BAT) is specialized to conduct non-shivering thermogenesis for survival under cold acclimation. Although emerging evidence suggests that lipid metabolites are essential for heat generation in cold-activated BAT, the underlying mechanisms of lipid uptake in BAT have not been thoroughly understood. Here, we show that very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) uptaken by VLDL receptor (VLDLR) plays important roles in thermogenic execution in BAT. Compared with wild-type mice, VLDLR knockout mice exhibit impaired thermogenic features. Mechanistically, VLDLR-mediated VLDL uptake provides energy sources for mitochondrial oxidation via lysosomal processing, subsequently enhancing thermogenic activity in brown adipocytes. Moreover, the VLDL-VLDLR axis potentiates peroxisome proliferator activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ activity with thermogenic gene expression in BAT. Accordingly, VLDL-induced thermogenic capacity is attenuated in brown-adipocyte-specific PPARβ/δ knockout mice. Collectively, these data suggest that the VLDL-VLDLR axis in brown adipocytes is a key factor for thermogenic execution during cold exposure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Cheul Shin
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jin Young Huh
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yul Ji
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Ji Seul Han
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sang Mun Han
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeu Park
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hahn Nahmgoong
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Won Taek Lee
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Yong Geun Jeon
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Bohyeon Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Chanyoon Park
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Heonjoong Kang
- Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering, Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung Sik Choe
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jae Bum Kim
- Center for Adipocyte Structure and Function, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Yang M, Zhan Y, Hou Z, Wang C, Fan W, Guo T, Li Z, Fang L, Lv S, Li S, Gu C, Ye M, Qin H, Liu Q, Cui X. VLDLR disturbs quiescence of breast cancer stem cells in a ligand-independent function. Front Oncol 2022; 12:887035. [PMID: 36568166 PMCID: PMC9767959 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.887035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer stem cells are responsible for cancer initiation, progression, and drug resistance. However, effective targeting strategies against the cell subpopulation are still limited. Here, we unveil two splice variants of very-low-density lipoprotein receptor, VLDLR-I and -II, which are highly expressed in breast cancer stem cells. In breast cancer cells, VLDLR silencing suppresses sphere formation abilities in vitro and tumor growth in vivo. We find that VLDLR knockdown induces transition from self-renewal to quiescence. Surprisingly, ligand-binding activity is not involved in the cancer-promoting functions of VLDLR-I and -II. Proteomic analysis reveals that citrate cycle and ribosome biogenesis-related proteins are upregulated in VLDLR-I and -II overexpressed cells, suggesting that VLDLR dysregulation is associated with metabolic and anabolic regulation. Moreover, high expression of VLDLR in breast cancer tissues correlates with poor prognosis of patients. Collectively, these findings indicate that VLDLR may be an important therapeutic target for breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mengying Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yajing Zhan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhijie Hou
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Chunli Wang
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Wenjun Fan
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tao Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhuoshi Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lei Fang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shasha Lv
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Sisi Li
- Department of Pathology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, China
| | - Chundong Gu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Mingliang Ye
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China
| | - Hongqiang Qin
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Xiaonan Cui, ; Quentin Liu, ; Hongqiang Qin,
| | - Quentin Liu
- Institute of Cancer Stem Cell, Cancer Center, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Cancer Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China,*Correspondence: Xiaonan Cui, ; Quentin Liu, ; Hongqiang Qin,
| | - Xiaonan Cui
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China,*Correspondence: Xiaonan Cui, ; Quentin Liu, ; Hongqiang Qin,
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Keles U, Ow JR, Kuentzel KB, Zhao LN, Kaldis P. Liver-derived metabolites as signaling molecules in fatty liver disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 80:4. [PMID: 36477411 PMCID: PMC9729146 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive fat accumulation in the liver has become a major health threat worldwide. Unresolved fat deposition in the liver can go undetected until it develops into fatty liver disease, followed by steatohepatitis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventually hepatocellular carcinoma. Lipid deposition in the liver is governed by complex communication, primarily between metabolic organs. This can be mediated by hormones, organokines, and also, as has been more recently discovered, metabolites. Although how metabolites from peripheral organs affect the liver is well documented, the effect of metabolic players released from the liver during the development of fatty liver disease or associated comorbidities needs further attention. Here we focus on interorgan crosstalk based on metabolites released from the liver and how these molecules act as signaling molecules in peripheral tissues. Due to the liver's specific role, we are covering lipid and bile mechanism-derived metabolites. We also discuss the high sucrose intake associated with uric acid release from the liver. Excessive fat deposition in the liver during fatty liver disease development reflects disrupted metabolic processes. As a response, the liver secretes a variety of signaling molecules as well as metabolites which act as a footprint of the metabolic disruption. In the coming years, the reciprocal exchange of metabolites between the liver and other metabolic organs will gain further importance and will help to better understand the development of fatty liver disease and associated diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Umur Keles
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Jin Rong Ow
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology (IMCB), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), 61 Biopolis Drive, Proteos, Singapore, 138673, Republic of Singapore
| | - Katharina Barbara Kuentzel
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Li Na Zhao
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Philipp Kaldis
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden. .,Lund University Diabetes Centre (LUDC), Clinical Research Centre (CRC), Lund University, Box 50332, 202 13, Malmö, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Wang J, Hao Z, Hu L, Qiao L, Luo Y, Hu J, Liu X, Li S, Zhao F, Shen J, Li M, Zhao Z. MicroRNA-199a-3p regulates proliferation and milk fat synthesis of ovine mammary epithelial cells by targeting VLDLR. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:948873. [PMID: 35990270 PMCID: PMC9391033 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.948873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, microRNA (miR)-199a-3p was found to be the most upregulated miRNA in mammary gland tissue during the non-lactation period compared with the peak-lactation period. However, there have been no reports describing the function of miR-199a-3p in ovine mammary epithelial cells (OMECs) and the biological mechanisms by which the miRNA affects cell proliferation and milk fat synthesis in sheep. In this study, the effect of miR-199a-3p on viability, proliferation, and milk fat synthesis of OMECs was investigated, and the target relationship of the miRNA with very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) was also verified. Transfection with a miR-199a-3p mimic increased the viability of OMECs and the number of Edu-labeled positive OMECs. In contrast, a miR-199-3p inhibitor had the opposite effect with the miR-199a-3p mimic. The expression levels of three marker genes were also regulated by both the miR-199a-3p mimic and miR-199-3p inhibitor in OMECs. Together, these results suggest that miR-199a-3p promotes the viability and proliferation of OMECs. A dual luciferase assay confirmed that miR-199a-3p can target VLDLR by binding to the 3′-untranslated regions (3'UTR) of the gene. Further studies found a negative correlation in the expression of miR-199a-3p with VLDLR. The miR-199a-3p mimic decreased the content of triglycerides, as well as the expression levels of six milk fat synthesis marker genes in OMECs, namely, lipoprotein lipase gene (LPL), acetyl-CoA carboxylase alpha gene (ACACA), fatty acid binding protein 3 gene (FABP3), CD36, stearoyl-CoA desaturase gene (SCD), and fatty acid synthase gene (FASN). The inhibition of miR-199a-3p increased the level of triglycerides and the expression of LPL, ACACA, FABP3, SCD, and FASN in OMECs. These findings suggest that miR-199a-3p inhibited milk fat synthesis of OMECs. This is the first study to reveal the molecular mechanisms by which miR-199a-3p regulates the proliferation and milk fat synthesis of OMECs in sheep.
Collapse
|
11
|
Rocchetti G, Vitali M, Zappaterra M, Righetti L, Sirri R, Lucini L, Dall’Asta C, Davoli R, Galaverna G. A molecular insight into the lipid changes of pig Longissimus thoracis muscle following dietary supplementation with functional ingredients. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0264953. [PMID: 35324931 PMCID: PMC8947141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, the Longissimus thoracis pig skeletal muscle was used as a model to investigate the impact of two different diets, supplemented with n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from extruded linseed (L) and polyphenols from grape skin and oregano extracts (L+P), on the lipidomic profile of meat. A standard diet for growing-finishing pigs (CTRL) was used as a control. Changes in lipids profile were investigated through an untargeted lipidomics and transcriptomics combined investigation. The lipidomics identified 1507 compounds, with 195 compounds fitting with the MS/MS spectra of LipidBlast database. When compared with the CTRL group, the L+P diet significantly increased 15 glycerophospholipids and 8 sphingolipids, while the L diet determined a marked up-accumulation of glycerolipids. According to the correlations outlined between discriminant lipids and genes, the L diet may act preventing adipogenesis and the related inflammation processes, while the L+P diet promoted the expression of genes involved in lipids' biosynthesis and adipogenic extracellular matrix formation and functioning.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Marika Vitali
- Interdepartmental centre for Industrial Agrifood research (CIRI-AGRO)—Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Food sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Martina Zappaterra
- Department of Agricultural and Food sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Laura Righetti
- Department of Food and Drug, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Rubina Sirri
- Interdepartmental centre for Industrial Agrifood research (CIRI-AGRO)—Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Food sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Chiara Dall’Asta
- Department of Food and Drug, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| | - Roberta Davoli
- Interdepartmental centre for Industrial Agrifood research (CIRI-AGRO)—Università di Bologna, Cesena, Italy
- Department of Agricultural and Food sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum–Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Gianni Galaverna
- Department of Food and Drug, Parco Area delle Scienze, Parma, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Jao J, Balmert LC, Sun S, McComsey GA, Brown TT, Tien PC, Currier JS, Stein JH, Qiu Y, LeRoith D, Kurland IJ. Distinct Lipidomic Signatures in People Living With HIV: Combined Analysis of ACTG 5260s and MACS/WIHS. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2022; 107:119-135. [PMID: 34498048 PMCID: PMC8684537 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgab663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Disentangling contributions of HIV from antiretroviral therapy (ART) and understanding the effects of different ART on metabolic complications in persons living with HIV (PLHIV) has been challenging. OBJECTIVE We assessed the effect of untreated HIV infection as well as different antiretroviral therapy (ART) on the metabolome/lipidome. METHODS Widely targeted plasma metabolomic and lipidomic profiling was performed on HIV-seronegative individuals and people living with HIV (PLHIV) before and after initiating ART (tenofovir/emtricitabine plus atazanavir/ritonavir [ATV/r] or darunavir/ritonavir [DRV/r] or raltegravir [RAL]). Orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis was used to assess metabolites/lipid subspecies that discriminated between groups. Graphical lasso estimated group-specific metabolite/lipid subspecies networks associated with the Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR). Correlations between inflammatory markers and metabolites/lipid subspecies were visualized using heat maps. RESULTS Of 435 participants, 218 were PLHIV. Compared to HIV-seronegative individuals, ART-naive PLHIV exhibited higher levels of saturated triacylglycerols/triglycerides (TAGs) and 3-hydroxy-kynurenine, lower levels of unsaturated TAGs and N-acetyl-tryptophan, and a sparser and less heterogeneous network of metabolites/lipid subspecies associated with HOMA-IR. PLHIV on RAL vs ATV/r or DRV/r had lower saturated and unsaturated TAGs. Positive correlations were found between medium-long chain acylcarnitines (C14-C6 ACs), palmitate, and HOMA-IR for RAL but not ATV/r or DRV/r. Stronger correlations were seen for TAGs with interleukin 6 and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein after RAL vs ATV/r or DRV/r initiation; these correlations were absent in ART-naive PLHIV. CONCLUSION Alterations in the metabolome/lipidome suggest increased lipogenesis for ART-naive PLHIV vs HIV-seronegative individuals, increased TAG turnover for RAL vs ATV/r or DRV/r, and increased inflammation associated with this altered metabolome/lipidome after initiating ART. Future studies are needed to understand cardiometabolic consequences of lipogenesis and inflammation in PLHIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Jao
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Division of Adult Infectious Diseases, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Lauren C Balmert
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Preventive Medicine, Division of Biostatistics, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Shan Sun
- Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA
| | - Grace A McComsey
- University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center and Case Western Reserve University, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
| | - Todd T Brown
- Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Phyllis C Tien
- University of California, San Francisco, Department of Medicine and Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Division of Infectious Diseases, San Francisco, California 94121, USA
| | - Judith S Currier
- Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA
| | - James H Stein
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Medicine Division, Madison, Wisconsin 53726, USA
| | - Yunping Qiu
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, New York, New York 10029, USA
| | - Irwin J Kurland
- Stable Isotope and Metabolomics Core Facility, Department of Medicine, Fleischer Institute for Diabetes and Metabolism, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Bonilha I, Hajduch E, Luchiari B, Nadruz W, Le Goff W, Sposito AC. The Reciprocal Relationship between LDL Metabolism and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120807. [PMID: 34940565 PMCID: PMC8708656 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance feature substantial modifications of the lipoprotein profile, including a higher proportion of smaller and denser low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles. In addition, qualitative changes occur in the composition and structure of LDL, including changes in electrophoretic mobility, enrichment of LDL with triglycerides and ceramides, prolonged retention of modified LDL in plasma, increased uptake by macrophages, and the formation of foam cells. These modifications affect LDL functions and favor an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in diabetic individuals. In this review, we discuss the main findings regarding the structural and functional changes in LDL particles in diabetes pathophysiology and therapeutic strategies targeting LDL in patients with diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Isabella Bonilha
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Eric Hajduch
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, F-75006 Paris, France;
| | - Beatriz Luchiari
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
| | - Wilson Nadruz
- Cardiology Division, Cardiovascular Pathophysiology Laboratory, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil;
| | - Wilfried Le Goff
- Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, le Métabolisme et la Nutrition, ICAN, Inserm, Sorbonne Université, F-75013 Paris, France;
| | - Andrei C. Sposito
- Cardiology Division, Atherosclerosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory (AtheroLab), State University of Campinas (Unicamp), Campinas 13083-887, Brazil; (I.B.); (B.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-19-3521-7098; Fax: +55-19-3289-410
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ma X, Takahashi Y, Wu W, Liang W, Chen J, Chakraborty D, Li Y, Du Y, Benyajati S, Ma JX. ADAM17 mediates ectodomain shedding of the soluble VLDL receptor fragment in the retinal epithelium. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101185. [PMID: 34509473 PMCID: PMC8487060 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a multifunctional transmembrane protein. Beyond the function of the full-length VLDLR in lipid transport, the soluble ectodomain of VLDLR (sVLDLR) confers anti-inflammatory and antiangiogenic roles in ocular tissues through inhibition of canonical Wnt signaling. However, it remains unknown how sVLDLR is shed into the extracellular space. In this study, we present the first evidence that a disintegrin and metalloprotease 17 (ADAM17) is responsible for sVLDLR shedding in human retinal pigment epithelium cells using pharmacological and genetic approaches. Among selected proteinase inhibitors, an ADAM17 inhibitor demonstrated the most potent inhibitory effect on sVLDLR shedding. siRNA-mediated knockdown or CRISPR/Cas9-mediated KO of ADAM17 diminished, whereas plasmid-mediated overexpression of ADAM17 promoted sVLDLR shedding. The amount of shed sVLDLR correlated with an inhibitory effect on the Wnt signaling pathway. Consistent with these in vitro findings, intravitreal injection of an ADAM17 inhibitor reduced sVLDLR levels in the extracellular matrix in the mouse retina. In addition, our results demonstrated that ADAM17 cleaved VLDLR only in cells coexpressing these proteins, suggesting that shedding occurs in a cis manner. Moreover, our study demonstrated that aberrant activation of Wnt signaling was associated with decreased sVLDLR levels, along with downregulation of ADAM17 in ocular tissues of an age-related macular degeneration model. Taken together, our observations reveal the mechanism underlying VLDLR cleavage and identify a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of disorders associated with dysregulation of Wnt signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yusuke Takahashi
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Wenjing Wu
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Wentao Liang
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jianglei Chen
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Dibyendu Chakraborty
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yangxiong Li
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Yanhong Du
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Siribhinya Benyajati
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA
| | - Jian-Xing Ma
- Department of Physiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Hajri T, Ewing D, Talishinskiy T, Amianda E, Eid S, Schmidt H. Depletion of Omega-3 Fatty Acids in RBCs and Changes of Inflammation Markers in Patients With Morbid Obesity Undergoing Gastric Bypass. J Nutr 2021; 151:2689-2696. [PMID: 34113966 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxab167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bariatric surgery is considered the most effective treatment for severe obesity. Despite this wide success, bariatric surgery is associated with increased risks of nutritional deficiencies. OBJECTIVES To examine whether Roux-en-Y-gastric bypass (RYGB) alters essential fatty acid (FA) status and inflammation markers. METHODS Subjects with obesity (n = 28; BMI > 40 kg/m2; mean age 48 years) were studied before and 1 year after RYGB. We collected blood samples before and 12 months after RYGB, and analyzed FA in RBCs and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), and measured inflammation parameters in plasma. The proportion of total n-3 FAs was the primary outcome, while parameters related to other FAs and inflammation factors were the secondary parameters. In addition, PBMCs from 15 of the participants were cultured alone or with 100 and 200 μM DHA, and the production of IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2, and prostaglandin F2-alpha (PGF2α) was assayed after endotoxin (LPS) stimulation. RESULTS RYGB induced a significant reduction of BMI (-30%) and improvement of insulin resistance (-49%). While the proportion of arachidonic acid was 15% higher after RYGB, the proportions of total and individual n-3 FAs were 50%-75% lower (P < 0.01). Consequently, the RBC omega-3 index and n-3:n-6 fatty acid ratio were 45% and 50% lower after surgery, respectively. In isolated PBMCs, LPS induced the production of IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2, and PGF2α in both pre- and post-RYGB cells, but the effects were 34%-65% higher (P < 0.05) after RYGB. This effect was abrogated by DHA supplementation. CONCLUSIONS This study presents evidence that RBC and PBMC n-3 FAs are severely reduced in patients with obesity after RYGB. DHA supplementation in PBMC moderates the production of inflammation markers, suggesting that n-3 FA supplementation would merit a trial in bariatric patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahar Hajri
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Douglas Ewing
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | | | - Erica Amianda
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Sebastian Eid
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| | - Hans Schmidt
- Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, NJ, USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
MicroRNA-29a in Osteoblasts Represses High-Fat Diet-Mediated Osteoporosis and Body Adiposis through Targeting Leptin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179135. [PMID: 34502056 PMCID: PMC8430888 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal tissue involves systemic adipose tissue metabolism and energy expenditure. MicroRNA signaling controls high-fat diet (HFD)-induced bone and fat homeostasis dysregulation remains uncertain. This study revealed that transgenic overexpression of miR-29a under control of osteocalcin promoter in osteoblasts (miR-29aTg) attenuated HFD-mediated body overweight, hyperglycemia, and hypercholesterolemia. HFD-fed miR-29aTg mice showed less bone mass loss, fatty marrow, and visceral fat mass together with increased subscapular brown fat mass than HFD-fed wild-type mice. HFD-induced O2 underconsumption, respiratory quotient repression, and heat underproduction were attenuated in miR-29aTg mice. In vitro, miR-29a overexpression repressed transcriptomic landscapes of the adipocytokine signaling pathway, fatty acid metabolism, and lipid transport, etc., of bone marrow mesenchymal progenitor cells. Forced miR-29a expression promoted osteogenic differentiation but inhibited adipocyte formation. miR-29a signaling promoted brown/beige adipocyte markers Ucp-1, Pgc-1α, P2rx5, and Pat2 expression and inhibited white adipocyte markers Tcf21 and Hoxc9 expression. The microRNA also reduced peroxisome formation and leptin expression during adipocyte formation and downregulated HFD-induced leptin expression in bone tissue. Taken together, miR-29a controlled leptin signaling and brown/beige adipocyte formation of osteogenic progenitor cells to preserve bone anabolism, which reversed HFD-induced energy underutilization and visceral fat overproduction. This study sheds light on a new molecular mechanism by which bone integrity counteracts HFD-induced whole-body fat overproduction.
Collapse
|
17
|
Jin BR, Lee M, An HJ. Nodakenin represses obesity and its complications via the inhibition of the VLDLR signalling pathway in vivo and in vitro. Cell Prolif 2021; 54:e13083. [PMID: 34165214 PMCID: PMC8349651 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.13083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Nodakenin (NK) is a coumarin glucoside that is found in the roots of Angelicae gigas. A limited number of studies have been conducted on the pharmacological activities of NK. Although NK is an important natural resource having anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant effects, no investigation has been conducted to examine the effects of NK on obesity and obesity‐induced inflammation. Materials and Methods The present study investigated the therapeutic effects of NK treatment on obesity and its complications, and its mechanism of action using differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes and high‐fat diet (HFD)‐induced obese mice. Oil red O staining, western blot assay, qRT‐PCR assay, siRNA transfection, enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay, H&E staining, immunohistochemistry, molecular docking and immunofluorescence staining were utilized. Results Treatment with NK demonstrated anti‐adipogenesis effects via the regulation of adipogenic transcription factors and genes associated with triglyceride synthesis in differentiated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. Compared with the control group, the group administered NK showed a suppression in weight gain, dyslipidaemia and the development of fatty liver in HFD‐induced obese mice. In addition, NK administration inhibited adipogenic differentiation and obesity‐induced inflammation and oxidative stress via the suppression of the VLDLR and MEK/ERK1/2 pathways. This is the first study that has documented the interaction between NK and VLDLR structure. Conclusion These results demonstrate the potential of NK as a natural product‐based therapeutic candidate for the treatment of obesity and its complications by targeting adipogenesis and adipose tissue inflammation‐associated markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Jin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| | - Minho Lee
- Department of Life Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyang-si, Korea
| | - Hyo-Jin An
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hajri T, Zaiou M, Fungwe TV, Ouguerram K, Besong S. Epigenetic Regulation of Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Mediates High-Fat Diet-Induced Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Cells 2021; 10:1355. [PMID: 34072832 PMCID: PMC8229510 DOI: 10.3390/cells10061355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is highly prevalent in Western countries and has become a serious public health concern. Although Western-style dietary patterns, characterized by a high intake of saturated fat, is considered a risk factor for NAFLD, the molecular mechanisms leading to hepatic fat accumulation are still unclear. In this study, we assessed epigenetic regulation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ), modifications of gene expression, and lipid uptake in the liver of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD), and in hepatocyte culture challenged with palmitic acid. Bisulfate pyrosequencing revealed that HFD reduced the level of cytosine methylation in the pparγ DNA promoter. This was associated with increased expression of the hepatic PPARγ, very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) and cluster differentiating 36 (CD36), and enhanced uptake of fatty acids and very low-density lipoprotein, leading to excess hepatic lipid accumulation. Furthermore, palmitic acid overload engendered comparable modifications in hepatocytes, suggesting that dietary fatty acids contribute to the pathogenesis of NAFLD through epigenetic upregulation of PPARγ and its target genes. The significance of epigenetic regulation was further demonstrated in hepatocytes treated with DNA methylation inhibitor, showing marked upregulation of PPARγ and its target genes, leading to enhanced fatty acid uptake and storage. This study demonstrated that HFD-induction of pparγ DNA promoter demethylation increased the expression of PPARγ and its target genes, vldlr and cd36, leading to excess lipid accumulation, an important initiating mechanism by which HFD increased PPARγ and lipid accumulation. These findings provide strong evidence that modification of the pparγ promoter methylation is a crucial mechanism of regulation in NAFLD pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahar Hajri
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 1191, USA;
| | - Mohamed Zaiou
- The Jean-Lamour Institute, UMR 7198 CNRS, University of Lorraine, F-54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Thomas V. Fungwe
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Nursing and Allied Health Sciences, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA;
| | - Khadija Ouguerram
- UMR1280 PhAN, Physiopathology of Nutritional Adaptations, INRA, University of Nantes, CHU Hôtel Dieu, IMAD, CRNH Ouest, 44000 Nantes, France;
| | - Samuel Besong
- Department of Human Ecology, Delaware State University, Dover, DE 1191, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Oshio Y, Hattori Y, Kamata H, Ozaki-Masuzawa Y, Seki A, Tsuruta Y, Takenaka A. Very low-density lipoprotein receptor increases in a liver-specific manner due to protein deficiency but does not affect fatty liver in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:8003. [PMID: 33850206 PMCID: PMC8044231 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-87568-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is a member of the LDL receptor family that is involved in the uptake of VLDL into cells. Increased hepatic VLDLR under endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been shown to cause fatty liver. In this study, the effect of dietary protein restriction on hepatic VLDLR and the role of VLDLR in fatty liver were investigated using Vldlr knockout (KO) mice. Growing wild-type (WT) and KO mice were fed a control diet containing 20% protein or a low protein diet containing 3% protein for 11 days. In WT mice, the amount of hepatic Vldlr mRNA and VLDLR protein increased by approximately 8- and 7-fold, respectively, due to protein restriction. Vldlr mRNA and protein levels increased in both type 1 and type 2 VLDLR. However, neither Vldlr mRNA nor protein levels were significantly increased in heart, muscle, and adipose tissue, demonstrating that VLDLR increase due to protein restriction occurred in a liver-specific manner. Increased liver triglyceride levels during protein restriction occurred in KO mice to the same extent as in WT mice, indicating that increased VLDLR during protein restriction was not the main cause of fatty liver, which was different from the case of ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yui Oshio
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yuta Hattori
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Hatsuho Kamata
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yori Ozaki-Masuzawa
- Department of Chemistry and Life Science, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Arisa Seki
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Tsuruta
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan
| | - Asako Takenaka
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, School of Agriculture, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 214-8571, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Lin YS, Liu CK, Lee HC, Chou MC, Ke LY, Chen CH, Chen SL. Electronegative very-low-density lipoprotein induces brain inflammation and cognitive dysfunction in mice. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6013. [PMID: 33727609 PMCID: PMC7966811 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85502-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiologic studies have indicated that dyslipidemia may facilitate the progression of cognitive dysfunction. We previously showed that patients with metabolic syndrome (MetS) had significantly higher plasma levels of electronegative very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) than did healthy controls. However, the effects of electronegative-VLDL on the brain and cognitive function remain unclear. In this study, VLDL isolated from healthy volunteers (nVLDL) or patients with MetS (metVLDL) was administered to mice by means of tail vein injection. Cognitive function was assessed by using the Y maze test, and plasma and brain tissues were analyzed. We found that mice injected with metVLDL but not nVLDL exhibited significant hippocampus CA3 neuronal cell loss and cognitive dysfunction. In mice injected with nVLDL, we observed mild glial cell activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and hippocampus CA3. However, in mice injected with metVLDL, plasma and brain TNF-α and Aβ-42 levels and glial cell activation in the mPFC and whole hippocampus were higher than those in control mice. In conclusion, long-term exposure to metVLDL induced levels of TNF-α, Aβ-42, and glial cells in the brain, contributing to the progression of cognitive dysfunction. Our findings suggest that electronegative-VLDL levels may represent a new therapeutic target for cognitive dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Shao Lin
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Kuan Liu
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, KMU Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang-Chun Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, KMU Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chuan Chou
- Department of Neurology, KMU Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Yin Ke
- Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Huang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan.,Lipid Science and Aging Research Center, College of Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.,Vascular and Medicinal Research, Texas Heart Institute, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Shiou-Lan Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University (KMU), 100 Shiquan 1st Rd, Sanmin Dist., Kaohsiung City, 807, Taiwan. .,Department of Medical Research, KMU Hospital, Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center and MSc Program in Tropical Medicine, KMU, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Lipid Metabolism in Regulation of Macrophage Functions. Trends Cell Biol 2020; 30:979-989. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
22
|
Tekavec S, Sorčan T, Giacca M, Režen T. VLDL and HDL attenuate endoplasmic reticulum and metabolic stress in HL-1 cardiomyocytes. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2020; 1865:158713. [PMID: 32330663 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2020.158713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lipoproteins have a vital role in the development of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases ranging from protective to deleterious effects on target tissues. VLDL has been shown to induce lipotoxic lipid accumulation and exert a variety of negative effects on cardiomyocytes. Lipotoxicity and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are proposed to be the mediators of damaging effects of metabolic diseases on cardiovascular system. We treated cardiomyocytes with lipoproteins to evaluate the adaptability of these cells to metabolic stress induced by starvation and excess of lipoproteins, and to evaluate the effect of lipoproteins and lipid accumulation on ER stress. VLDL reversed metabolic stress induced by starvation, while HDL did not. VLDL induced dose-dependent lipid accumulation in cardiomyocytes, which however did not result in reduced cell viability or induction of ER stress. Moreover, VLDL or HDL pre-treatment reduced ER stress in cardiomyocytes induced by tunicamycin and palmitic acid as measured by the expression of ER stress markers, even in conditions of increased lipid accumulation. VLDL and HDL induced activation of pro-survival ERK1/2 in cardiomyocytes; however, this activation was not involved in the protection against ER stress. Additionally, we observed that LDLR and VLDLR are regulated differently by lipoproteins and cellular stress, as lipoproteins induced VLDLR protein independently of the level of lipid accumulation. We conclude that VLDL is not a priori detrimental for cardiomyocytes and can even have beneficial effects, enabling cell survival under starvation and attenuating ER stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Tekavec
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tjaša Sorčan
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Mauro Giacca
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Trieste, Italy
| | - Tadeja Režen
- Centre for Functional Genomics and Bio-Chips, Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Very Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor Sequesters Lipopolysaccharide Into Adipose Tissue During Sepsis. Crit Care Med 2020; 48:41-48. [DOI: 10.1097/ccm.0000000000004064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
24
|
Yang D, Wan Y. Molecular determinants for the polarization of macrophage and osteoclast. Semin Immunopathol 2019; 41:551-563. [PMID: 31506868 PMCID: PMC6815265 DOI: 10.1007/s00281-019-00754-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggest that macrophage and osteoclast are two competing differentiation outcomes from myeloid progenitors. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms controlling the polarization of macrophage and osteoclast. These include nuclear receptors/transcription factors such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα), their transcription cofactor PPARγ coactivator 1-β (PGC-1β), metabolic factors such as mitochondrial complex I (CI) component NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase iron-sulfur protein 4 (Ndufs4), as well as transmembrane receptors such as very-low-density-lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR). These molecular rheostats promote osteoclast differentiation but suppress proinflammatory macrophage activation and inflammation, by acting lineage-intrinsically, systemically or cross generation. These findings provide new insights to the understanding of the interactions between innate immunity and bone remodeling, advancing the field of osteoimmunology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengbao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA
| | - Yihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Roberts BL, Bennett BJ, Bennett CM, Carroll JM, Dalbøge LS, Hall C, Hassouneh W, Heppner KM, Kirigiti MA, Lindsley SR, Tennant KG, True CA, Whittle A, Wolf AC, Roberts CT, Tang-Christensen M, Sleeman MW, Cowley MA, Grove KL, Kievit P. Reelin is modulated by diet-induced obesity and has direct actions on arcuate proopiomelanocortin neurons. Mol Metab 2019; 26:18-29. [PMID: 31230943 PMCID: PMC6667498 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Reelin (RELN) is a large glycoprotein involved in synapse maturation and neuronal organization throughout development. Deficits in RELN signaling contribute to multiple psychological disorders, such as autism spectrum disorder, schizophrenia, and bipolar disorder. Nutritional stress alters RELN expression in brain regions associated with these disorders; however, the involvement of RELN in the neural circuits involved in energy metabolism is unknown. The RELN receptors apolipoprotein E receptor 2 (ApoER2) and very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) are involved in lipid metabolism and expressed in the hypothalamus. Here we explored the involvement of RELN in hypothalamic signaling and the impact of diet-induced obesity (DIO) on this system. Methods Adult male mice were fed a chow diet or maintained on a high-fat diet (HFD) for 12–16 weeks. HFD-fed DIO mice exhibited decreased ApoER2 and VLDLR expression and increased RELN protein in the hypothalamus. Electrophysiology was used to determine the mechanism by which the central fragment of RELN (CF-RELN) acts on arcuate nucleus (ARH) satiety-promoting proopiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons and the impact of DIO on this circuitry. Results CF-RELN exhibited heterogeneous presynaptic actions on inhibitory inputs onto ARH-POMC-EGFP neurons and consistent postsynaptic actions. Additionally, central administration of CF-RELN caused a significant increase in ARH c-Fos expression and an acute decrease in food intake and body weight. Conclusions We conclude that RELN signaling is modulated by diet, that RELN is involved in synaptic signaling onto ARH-POMC neurons, and that altering central CF-RELN levels can impact food intake and body weight. Diet-induced obesity alters reelin protein levels and expression of ApoER2 and VLDLR. Reelin has direct, but divergent actions on GABAergic inputs onto POMC neurons. Central administration of reelin protein decreases food intake and body weight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L Roberts
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Baylin J Bennett
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Camdin M Bennett
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Julie M Carroll
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | | | - Colin Hall
- Obesity Research Center, Novo Nordisk, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Wafa Hassouneh
- Obesity Research Center, Novo Nordisk, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | | | - Melissa A Kirigiti
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Sarah R Lindsley
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Katherine G Tennant
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Cadence A True
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | - Andrew Whittle
- Obesity Research Center, Novo Nordisk, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Anitra C Wolf
- Obesity Research Center, Novo Nordisk, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Charles T Roberts
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA
| | | | - Mark W Sleeman
- Department of Physiology, Monash University Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael A Cowley
- Department of Physiology, Monash University Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Kevin L Grove
- Obesity Research Center, Novo Nordisk, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Paul Kievit
- Division of Cardiometabolic Health, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Beaverton, OR, 97006, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zarei M, Barroso E, Palomer X, Escolà-Gil JC, Cedó L, Wahli W, Vázquez-Carrera M. Pharmacological PPARβ/δ activation upregulates VLDLR in hepatocytes. CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS 2019; 31:111-118. [PMID: 30987865 DOI: 10.1016/j.arteri.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) plays an important function in the control of serum triglycerides and in the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). In this study, we investigated the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)β/δ activation in hepatic VLDLR regulation. Treatment of mice fed a high-fat diet with the PPARβ/δ agonist GW501516 increased the hepatic expression of Vldlr. Similarly, exposure of human Huh-7 hepatocytes to GW501516 increased the expression of VLDLR and triglyceride accumulation, the latter being prevented by VLDLR knockdown. Finally, treatment with another PPARβ/δ agonist increased VLDLR levels in the liver of wild-type mice, but not PPARβ/δ-deficient mice, confirming the regulation of hepatic VLDLR by this nuclear receptor. Our results suggest that upregulation of hepatic VLDLR by PPARβ/δ agonists might contribute to the hypolipidemic effect of these drugs by increasing lipoprotein delivery to the liver. Overall, these findings provide new effects by which PPARβ/δ regulate VLDLR levels and may influence serum triglyceride levels and NAFLD development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lidia Cedó
- Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain; Departament de Bioquímica i Biología Molecular, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Walter Wahli
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 308232, Singapore; INRA ToxAlim, UMR1331, Chemin de Tournefeuille, Toulouse Cedex, France
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Center in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain; Research Institute, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Davis JP, Vadlamudi S, Roman TS, Zeynalzadeh M, Iyengar AK, Mohlke KL. Enhancer deletion and allelic effects define a regulatory molecular mechanism at the VLDLR cholesterol GWAS locus. Hum Mol Genet 2019; 28:888-895. [PMID: 30445632 PMCID: PMC6400044 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddy385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Revised: 10/26/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) are heritable risk factors for cardiovascular disease, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying the majority of blood lipid-associated genome-wide association studies signals remain elusive. One association signal is located in intron 3 of VLDLR; rs3780181-A is a risk allele associated (P ≤ 2 × 10-9) with increased TC and LDL-C. We investigated variants, genes and mechanisms underlying this association signal. We used a functional genetic approach to show that the intronic region spanning rs3780181 exhibited 1.6-7.6-fold enhancer activity in human HepG2 hepatocyte, THP-1 monocyte and Simpson-Golabi-Behmel Syndrome (SGBS) preadipocyte cells and that the rs3780181-A risk allele showed significantly less enhancer activity compared with the G allele, consistent with the direction of an expression quantitative trait locus in liver. In addition, rs3780181 alleles showed differential binding to multiple nuclear proteins, including stronger IRF2 binding to the rs3780181 G allele. We used a CRISPR-cas9 approach to delete 475 and 663 bp of the putative enhancer element in HEK293T kidney cells; compared to expression of mock-edited cell lines, the homozygous enhancer deletion cell lines showed 1.2-fold significantly (P < 0.04) decreased expression of VLDLR, as well as 1.5-fold decreased expression of SMARCA2, located 388 kb away. Together, these results identify an enhancer of VLDLR expression and suggest that altered binding of one or more factors bound to rs3780181 alleles decreases enhancer activity and reduces at least VLDLR expression, leading to increased TC and LDL-C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- James P Davis
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Tamara S Roman
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Monica Zeynalzadeh
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Apoorva K Iyengar
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Karen L Mohlke
- Department of Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Tareen SHK, Adriaens ME, Arts ICW, de Kok TM, Vink RG, Roumans NJT, van Baak MA, Mariman ECM, Evelo CT, Kutmon M. Profiling Cellular Processes in Adipose Tissue during Weight Loss Using Time Series Gene Expression. Genes (Basel) 2018; 9:E525. [PMID: 30380678 PMCID: PMC6266822 DOI: 10.3390/genes9110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2018] [Revised: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a global epidemic identified as a major risk factor for multiple chronic diseases and, consequently, diet-induced weight loss is used to counter obesity. The adipose tissue is the primary tissue affected in diet-induced weight loss, yet the underlying molecular mechanisms and changes are not completely deciphered. In this study, we present a network biology analysis workflow which enables the profiling of the cellular processes affected by weight loss in the subcutaneous adipose tissue. Time series gene expression data from a dietary intervention dataset with two diets was analysed. Differentially expressed genes were used to generate co-expression networks using a method that capitalises on the repeat measurements in the data and finds correlations between gene expression changes over time. Using the network analysis tool Cytoscape, an overlap network of conserved components in the co-expression networks was constructed, clustered on topology to find densely correlated genes, and analysed using Gene Ontology enrichment analysis. We found five clusters involved in key metabolic processes, but also adipose tissue development and tissue remodelling processes were enriched. In conclusion, we present a flexible network biology workflow for finding important processes and relevant genes associated with weight loss, using a time series co-expression network approach that is robust towards the high inter-individual variation in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samar H K Tareen
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Michiel E Adriaens
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Ilja C W Arts
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Epidemiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Theo M de Kok
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Toxicogenomics, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Roel G Vink
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Nadia J T Roumans
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Marleen A van Baak
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Edwin C M Mariman
- Department of Human Biology, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Chris T Evelo
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| | - Martina Kutmon
- Maastricht Centre for Systems Biology (MaCSBio), Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
- Department of Bioinformatics-BiGCaT, NUTRIM Research School, Maastricht University, 6211ER Maastricht, The Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
δ-Tocotrienol, Isolated from Rice Bran, Exerts an Anti-Inflammatory Effect via MAPKs and PPARs Signaling Pathways in Lipopolysaccharide-Stimulated Macrophages. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19103022. [PMID: 30287730 PMCID: PMC6212927 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19103022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 09/30/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
δ-Tocotrienol, an important component of vitamin E, has been reported to possess some physiological functions, such as anticancer and anti-inflammation, however their molecular mechanisms are not clear. In this study, δ-tocotrienol was isolated and purified from rice bran. The anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of δ-tocotrienol against lipopolysaccharides (LPS) activated pro-inflammatory mediator expressions in RAW264.7 cells were investigated. Results showed that δ-tocotrienol significantly inhibited LPS-stimulated nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-α, IFN-γ, IL-1β and IL-6) production and blocked the phosphorylation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and extracellular regulated protein kinases 1/2 (ERK1/2). δ-Tocotrienol repressed the transcriptional activations and translocations of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1), which were closely related with downregulated cytokine expressions. Meanwhile, δ-tocotrienol also affected the PPAR signal pathway and exerted an anti-inflammatory effect. Taken together, our data showed that δ-tocotrienol inhibited inflammation via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signalings in LPS-stimulated macrophages.
Collapse
|
30
|
Yang D, Huynh H, Wan Y. Milk lipid regulation at the maternal-offspring interface. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2018; 81:141-148. [PMID: 29051053 PMCID: PMC5916746 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2017.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Milk lipids provide a large proportion of energy, nutrients, essential fatty acids, and signaling molecules for the newborns, the synthesis of which is a tightly controlled process. Dysregulated milk lipid production and composition may be detrimental to the growth, development, health and survival of the newborns. Many genetically modified animal models have contributed to our understanding of milk lipid regulation in the lactating mammary gland. In this review, we discuss recent advances in our knowledge of the mechanisms that control milk lipid biosynthesis and secretion during lactation, and how maternal genetic and dietary defects impact milk lipid composition and consequently offspring traits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dengbao Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - HoangDinh Huynh
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yihong Wan
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Schroeter CB, Koehler S, Kann M, Schermer B, Benzing T, Brinkkoetter PT, Rinschen MM. Protein half-life determines expression of proteostatic networks in podocyte differentiation. FASEB J 2018; 32:4696-4713. [PMID: 29694247 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201701307r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Podocytes are highly specialized, epithelial, postmitotic cells, which maintain the renal filtration barrier. When adapting to considerable metabolic and mechanical stress, podocytes need to accurately maintain their proteome. Immortalized podocyte cell lines are a widely used model for studying podocyte biology in health and disease in vitro. In this study, we performed a comprehensive proteomic analysis of the cultured human podocyte proteome in both proliferative and differentiated conditions at a depth of >7000 proteins. Similar to mouse podocytes, human podocyte differentiation involved a shift in proteostasis: undifferentiated podocytes have high expression of proteasomal proteins, whereas differentiated podocytes have high expression of lysosomal proteins. Additional analyses with pulsed stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture and protein degradation assays determined protein dynamics and half-lives. These studies unraveled a globally increased stability of proteins in differentiated podocytes. Mitochondrial, cytoskeletal, and membrane proteins were stabilized, particularly in differentiated podocytes. Importantly, protein half-lives strongly contributed to protein abundance in each state. These data suggest that regulation of protein turnover of particular cellular functions determines podocyte differentiation, a paradigm involving mitophagy and, potentially, of importance in conditions of increased podocyte stress and damage.-Schroeter, C. B., Koehler, S., Kann, M., Schermer, B., Benzing, T., Brinkkoetter, P. T., Rinschen, M. M. Protein half-life determines expression of proteostatic networks in podocyte differentiation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christina B Schroeter
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Sybille Koehler
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Martin Kann
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schermer
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (SybaCol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Thomas Benzing
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (SybaCol), Cologne, Germany
| | - Paul T Brinkkoetter
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Markus M Rinschen
- Department II of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Cologne Excellence Cluster on Cellular Stress Responses in Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany.,Systems Biology of Ageing Cologne (SybaCol), Cologne, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Regulation of Immune Cell Functions by Metabolic Reprogramming. J Immunol Res 2018; 2018:8605471. [PMID: 29651445 PMCID: PMC5831954 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8605471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent findings show that the metabolic status of immune cells can determine immune responses. Metabolic reprogramming between aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, previously speculated as exclusively observable in cancer cells, exists in various types of immune and stromal cells in many different pathological conditions other than cancer. The microenvironments of cancer, obese adipose, and wound-repairing tissues share common features of inflammatory reactions. In addition, the metabolic changes in macrophages and T cells are now regarded as crucial for the functional plasticity of the immune cells and responsible for the progression and regression of many pathological processes, notably cancer. It is possible that metabolic changes in the microenvironment induced by other cellular components are responsible for the functional plasticity of immune cells. This review explores the molecular mechanisms responsible for metabolic reprogramming in macrophages and T cells and also provides a summary of recent updates with regard to the functional modulation of the immune cells by metabolic changes in the microenvironment, notably the tumor microenvironment.
Collapse
|
33
|
Botteri G, Montori M, Gumà A, Pizarro J, Cedó L, Escolà-Gil JC, Li D, Barroso E, Palomer X, Kohan AB, Vázquez-Carrera M. VLDL and apolipoprotein CIII induce ER stress and inflammation and attenuate insulin signalling via Toll-like receptor 2 in mouse skeletal muscle cells. Diabetologia 2017; 60:2262-2273. [PMID: 28835988 PMCID: PMC6078195 DOI: 10.1007/s00125-017-4401-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
AIM/HYPOTHESIS Here, our aim was to examine whether VLDL and apolipoprotein (apo) CIII induce endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, inflammation and insulin resistance in skeletal muscle. METHODS Studies were conducted in mouse C2C12 myotubes, isolated skeletal muscle and skeletal muscle from transgenic mice overexpressing apoCIII. RESULTS C2C12 myotubes exposed to VLDL showed increased levels of ER stress and inflammatory markers whereas peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ co-activator 1α (PGC-1α) and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) levels were reduced and the insulin signalling pathway was attenuated. The effects of VLDL were also observed in isolated skeletal muscle incubated with VLDL. The changes caused by VLDL were dependent on extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) 1/2 since they were prevented by the ERK1/2 inhibitor U0126 or by knockdown of this kinase by siRNA transfection. ApoCIII mimicked the effects of VLDL and its effects were also blocked by ERK1/2 inhibition, suggesting that this apolipoprotein was responsible for the effects of VLDL. Skeletal muscle from transgenic mice overexpressing apoCIII showed increased levels of some ER stress and inflammatory markers and increased phosphorylated ERK1/2 levels, whereas PGC-1α levels were reduced, confirming apoCIII effects in vivo. Finally, incubation of myotubes with a neutralising antibody against Toll-like receptor 2 abolished the effects of apoCIII on ER stress, inflammation and insulin resistance, indicating that the effects of apoCIII were mediated by this receptor. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION These results imply that elevated VLDL in diabetic states can contribute to the exacerbation of insulin resistance by activating ERK1/2 through Toll-like receptor 2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gaia Botteri
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marta Montori
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anna Gumà
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and IBUB, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Pizarro
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lídia Cedó
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Carles Escolà-Gil
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques (IIB) Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Autonomous University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Diana Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Emma Barroso
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alison B Kohan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Pharmacology Unit, Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universidad de Barcelona (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Diagonal 643, E-08028, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (CIBERDEM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain.
- Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IR-SJD), Esplugues de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Zhao F, Qi Y, Liu J, Wang W, Xie W, Sun J, Liu J, Hao Y, Wang M, Li Y, Zhao D. Low Very low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol but High Very low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor mRNA Expression in Peripheral White Blood Cells: An Atherogenic Phenotype for Atherosclerosis in a Community-Based Population. EBioMedicine 2017; 25:136-142. [PMID: 29042132 PMCID: PMC5704045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2017.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), via binding very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR), can induce the development of atherosclerosis. Besides monocytes, VLDLR expression is detected in various peripheral white blood cells (WBCs), yet its underlying role remains unclear. We thereby aimed to test the hypothesis that VLDLR in all types of peripheral WBCs may be involved in the association between VLDL-C and atherosclerosis. VLDLR mRNA expression in peripheral WBC and plasma VLDL-C levels were measured in 747 participants from a community-based study. Plaque prevalence and total plaque area (TPA) were used to evaluate the burden of carotid atherosclerosis. VLDL-C was positively associated with atherosclerosis risk, whereas this association was modified by VLDLR mRNA level. In participants with the lowest VLDL-C but the highest VLDLR mRNA expression, the risk for plaque prevalence unexpectedly was the highest. This association was also observed for TPA. Moreover, this association remained unchanged after adjusting for WBC or monocytes. Our findings described an atherogenic phenotype characterized by low VLDL-C but high VLDLR mRNA expression in peripheral WBCs, which suggested that VLDLR in all types of peripheral WBCs may be involved in lipid deposition, and VLDL-C and VLDLR may co-determine the development of atherosclerosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fan Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Qi
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China.
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Wuxiang Xie
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Sun
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yongchen Hao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Miao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Dong Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, Beijing An Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, The Key Laboratory of Remodeling-related Cardiovascular Diseases, Ministry of Education, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Macrophage VLDLR mediates obesity-induced insulin resistance with adipose tissue inflammation. Nat Commun 2017; 8:1087. [PMID: 29057873 PMCID: PMC5651811 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-01232-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is closely associated with increased adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs), which contribute to systemic insulin resistance and altered lipid metabolism by creating a pro-inflammatory environment. Very low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) is involved in lipoprotein uptake and storage. However, whether lipid uptake via VLDLR in macrophages affects obesity-induced inflammatory responses and insulin resistance is not well understood. Here we show that elevated VLDLR expression in ATMs promotes adipose tissue inflammation and glucose intolerance in obese mice. In macrophages, VLDL treatment upregulates intracellular levels of C16:0 ceramides in a VLDLR-dependent manner, which potentiates pro-inflammatory responses and promotes M1-like macrophage polarization. Adoptive transfer of VLDLR knockout bone marrow to wild-type mice relieves adipose tissue inflammation and improves insulin resistance in diet-induced obese mice. These findings suggest that increased VLDL-VLDLR signaling in ATMs aggravates adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in obesity. VLDLR regulates cellular lipoprotein uptake and storage. Here, the authors show that VLDLR, expressed on adipose tissue macrophages, is upregulated in obesity and promotes adipose tissue inflammation by upregulating ceramide production and facilitating M1-like macrophage polarization.
Collapse
|
36
|
Tao X, Liang Y, Yang X, Pang J, Zhong Z, Chen X, Yang Y, Zeng K, Kang R, Lei Y, Ying S, Gong J, Gu Y, Lv X. Transcriptomic profiling in muscle and adipose tissue identifies genes related to growth and lipid deposition. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0184120. [PMID: 28877211 PMCID: PMC5587268 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0184120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Growth performance and meat quality are important traits for the pig industry and consumers. Adipose tissue is the main site at which fat storage and fatty acid synthesis occur. Therefore, we combined high-throughput transcriptomic sequencing in adipose and muscle tissues with the quantification of corresponding phenotypic features using seven Chinese indigenous pig breeds and one Western commercial breed (Yorkshire). We obtained data on 101 phenotypic traits, from which principal component analysis distinguished two groups: one associated with the Chinese breeds and one with Yorkshire. The numbers of differentially expressed genes between all Chinese breeds and Yorkshire were shown to be 673 and 1056 in adipose and muscle tissues, respectively. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are associated with biological functions and canonical pathways related to oxidoreductase activity, immune response, and metabolic process. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis found more coexpression modules significantly correlated with the measured phenotypic traits in adipose than in muscle, indicating that adipose regulates meat and carcass quality. Using the combination of differential expression, QTL information, gene significance, and module hub genes, we identified a large number of candidate genes potentially related to economically important traits in pig, which should help us improve meat production and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Tao
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Yang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianhui Pang
- Chengdu Biotechservice Institute, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuekui Yang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kai Zeng
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Runming Kang
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yunfeng Lei
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sancheng Ying
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jianjun Gong
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiren Gu
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (YRG); (XBL)
| | - Xuebin Lv
- Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- * E-mail: (YRG); (XBL)
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Pan S, Wang C, Dong X, Chen M, Xing H, Zhang T. Association of VLDLR haplotypes with abdominal fat trait in ducks. Arch Anim Breed 2017. [DOI: 10.5194/aab-60-175-2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract. This study aimed to determine the correlation among VLDLR (very low-density lipoprotein receptor) gene polymorphisms, body weight and abdominal fat deposition of Gaoyou ducks. A total of 267 Gaoyou ducks from one pure line was employed for testing. The polymorphisms of the VLDLR gene were screened by polymerase chain reaction and DNA sequencing. Four novel single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) (g.151G > A, g.170C > T, g.206A > G and g.278–295del) were identified in the 5'-UTR and signal peptide region. Furthermore, eight haplotypes were identified based on the four SNPs. The H8 was the most common haplotype with a frequency of more than 31 %. The four SNPs and their haplotype combinations were shown to be significantly associated with body weight at 6–10 weeks of age (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01) and abdominal fat percentage (AFP) (P < 0. 05 or P < 0. 01). Remarkably, the H1H1 diplotype had an effect on increasing body weight and decreasing AFP from the 6th to the 10th weeks of age. However, increasing positive effects of the H5H8 diplotype were observed for both body weight and AFP. This study suggests that the VLDLR gene plays an important role in the regulation of body weight and fat-related traits and may serve as a potential marker for the marker-assisted selection program during duck breeding.
Collapse
|
38
|
Kuang J, Zhang Y, Liu Q, Shen J, Pu S, Cheng S, Chen L, Li H, Wu T, Li R, Li Y, Zou M, Zhang Z, Jiang W, Xu G, Qu A, Xie W, He J. Fat-Specific Sirt6 Ablation Sensitizes Mice to High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity and Insulin Resistance by Inhibiting Lipolysis. Diabetes 2017; 66:1159-1171. [PMID: 28250020 DOI: 10.2337/db16-1225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Sirt6 is an NAD+-dependent deacetylase that is involved in the control of energy metabolism. However, the tissue-specific function of Sirt6 in the adipose tissue remains unknown. In this study, we showed that fat-specific Sirt6 knockout (FKO) sensitized mice to high-fat diet-induced obesity, which was attributed to adipocyte hypertrophy rather than adipocyte hyperplasia. The adipocyte hypertrophy in FKO mice likely resulted from compromised lipolytic activity as an outcome of decreased expression of adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL), a key lipolytic enzyme. The suppression of ATGL in FKO mice was accounted for by the increased phosphorylation and acetylation of FoxO1, which compromises the transcriptional activity of this positive regulator of ATGL. Fat-specific Sirt6 KO also increased inflammation in the adipose tissue, which may have contributed to insulin resistance in high-fat diet-fed FKO mice. We also observed that in obese patients, the expression of Sirt6 expression is reduced, which is associated with a reduction of ATGL expression. Our results suggest Sirt6 as an attractive therapeutic target for treating obesity and obesity-related metabolic disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangying Kuang
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuwei Zhang
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qinhui Liu
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shiyun Pu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shihai Cheng
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Min Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Guoheng Xu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Aijuan Qu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Xie
- Center of Pharmacogenetics, School of Pharmacy, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - Jinhan He
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- Laboratory of Clinical Pharmacy and Adverse Drug Reaction, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Musso G, Cipolla U, Cassader M, Pinach S, Saba F, De Michieli F, Paschetta E, Bongiovanni D, Framarin L, Leone N, Berrutti M, Rosina F, Corvisieri S, Molinaro F, Sircana A, Gambino R. TM6SF2 rs58542926 variant affects postprandial lipoprotein metabolism and glucose homeostasis in NAFLD. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1221-1229. [PMID: 28242789 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m075028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2017] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanisms underlying the opposite effects of transmembrane 6 superfamily member 2 (TM6SF2) rs58542926 C>T polymorphism on liver injury and cardiometabolic risk in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are unclear. We assessed the impact of this polymorphism on postprandial lipoprotein metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and nutrient oxidation in NAFLD. Sixty nonobese nondiabetic normolipidemic biopsy-proven NAFLD patients and 60 matched controls genotyped for TM6SF2 C>T polymorphism underwent: indirect calorimetry; an oral fat tolerance test with measurement of plasma lipoprotein subfractions, adipokines, and incretin glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP); and an oral glucose tolerance test with minimal model analysis of glucose homeostasis. The TM6SF2 T-allele was associated with higher hepatic and adipose insulin resistance, impaired pancreatic β-cell function and incretin effect, and higher muscle insulin sensitivity and whole-body fat oxidation rate. Compared with the TM6SF2 C-allele, the T-allele entailed lower postprandial lipemia and nefaemia, a less atherogenic lipoprotein profile, and a postprandial cholesterol (Chol) redistribution from smaller atherogenic lipoprotein subfractions to larger intestinal and hepatic VLDL1 subfractions. Postprandial plasma VLDL1-Chol response independently predicted the severity of liver histology. In conclusion, the TM6SF2 C>T polymorphism affects nutrient oxidation, glucose homeostasis, and postprandial lipoprotein, adipokine, and GIP responses to fat ingestion independently of fasting values. These differences may contribute to the dual and opposite effect of this polymorphism on liver injury and cardiometabolic risk in NAFLD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Antonio Sircana
- Emergency Medicine Department, Sassari Hospital, Sassari, Italy
| | - Roberto Gambino
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Xiang DM, Song XZ, Zhou ZM, Liu Y, Dai XY, Huang XL, Hou FF, Zhou QG. Chronic kidney disease promotes chronic inflammation in visceral white adipose tissue. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2017; 312:F689-F701. [PMID: 28100503 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00584.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 12/28/2016] [Accepted: 01/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue plays an important role in the development of metabolic disturbance, which is a common feature in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The effect of CKD on white adipose tissue remains poorly appreciated. Here, we evaluated the inflammatory potential of visceral white adipose tissue in a rat model of CKD. The results showed that production of proinflammatory cytokines and infiltration of macrophage in the tissue were increased significantly in CKD rats compared with sham rats. Moreover, the primary adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction under the condition of CKD could trigger the inflammatory response in each other. Free fatty acid induced robust inflammatory response in ex vivo peritoneal-derived macrophages from CKD rats, which was associated with reduced activity of silent information regulator T1 (SIRT1). Improvement of SIRT1 activity by an activator could alleviate free fatty acid-induced inflammatory response in the macrophages and inflammation in the white adipose tissue. Moreover, oxidative stress occurred in the tissue and linked with the reduced activity of SIRT1 in macrophages and enhanced release of free fatty acid in the tissue. We thus identified CKD as a risk factor for chronic inflammation in white adipose tissue. These observations might open up new therapeutic strategies for metabolic disturbance in CKD via the modulation of adipose tissue-related pathways.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dong Mei Xiang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiu Zhen Song
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhan Mei Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao Yan Dai
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiang Lan Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fan Fan Hou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiu Gen Zhou
- Division of Nephrology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, National Clinical Research Center of Kidney Disease, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Gharib M, Tao H, Fungwe TV, Hajri T. Cluster Differentiating 36 (CD36) Deficiency Attenuates Obesity-Associated Oxidative Stress in the Heart. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0155611. [PMID: 27195707 PMCID: PMC4873222 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0155611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
RATIONALE Obesity is often associated with a state of oxidative stress and increased lipid deposition in the heart. More importantly, obesity increases lipid influx into the heart and induces excessive production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cell toxicity and metabolic dysfunction. Cluster differentiating 36 (CD36) protein is highly expressed in the heart and regulates lipid utilization but its role in obesity-associated oxidative stress is still not clear. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to determine the impact of CD36 deficiency on cardiac steatosis, oxidative stress and lipotoxicity associated with obesity. METHODS AND RESULTS Studies were conducted in control (Lean), obese leptin-deficient (Lepob/ob) and leptin-CD36 double null (Lepob/obCD36-/-) mice. Compared to lean mice, cardiac steatosis, and fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation were increased in Lepob/ob mice, while glucose uptake and oxidation was reduced. Moreover, insulin resistance, oxidative stress markers and NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production were markedly enhanced. This was associated with the induction of NADPH oxidase expression, and increased membrane-associated p47phox, p67phox and protein kinase C. Silencing CD36 in Lepob/ob mice prevented cardiac steatosis, increased insulin sensitivity and glucose utilization, but reduced FA uptake and oxidation. Moreover, CD36 deficiency reduced NADPH oxidase activity and decreased NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production. In isolated cardiomyocytes, CD36 deficiency reduced palmitate-induced ROS production and normalized NADPH oxidase activity. CONCLUSIONS CD36 deficiency prevented obesity-associated cardiac steatosis and insulin resistance, and reduced NADPH oxidase-dependent ROS production. The study demonstrates that CD36 regulates NADPH oxidase activity and mediates FA-induced oxidative stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Gharib
- Department of Surgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, New Jersey 07601, United States of America
| | - Huan Tao
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37212, United States of America
| | - Thomas V. Fungwe
- Nutritional Sciences, Howard University, Washington DC 20059, United States of America
| | - Tahar Hajri
- Department of Surgery, Hackensack University Medical Center, New Jersey 07601, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Adipose tissue is a critical endocrine and immunological organ that regulates systemic energy homeostasis. During the pathogenesis of obesity, adipocyte hypertrophy is accompanied by adipose tissue inflammation, impeding insulin sensitivity and endocrine function of adipose tissue and other tissues. Adipocyte cholesterol accumulates in proportion to triglyceride as adipocytes undergo hypertrophy. Recent studies suggest that dietary cholesterol contributes to increased adipocyte cholesterol. However, how dietary cholesterol accumulates in adipocytes and its metabolic consequences are poorly understood. This review summarizes recent advances in knowledge of adipocyte cholesterol balance and highlights the emerging role of dietary cholesterol in adipose tissue cholesterol balance, inflammation, and systemic energy metabolism. RECENT FINDINGS Perturbation of cholesterol balance in adipocytes alters intracellular cholesterol distribution and modulates adipocyte insulin and proinflammatory signaling. Adipocyte cholesterol levels are maintained by a balance between dietary cholesterol uptake from triglyceride-enriched lipoproteins and cellular cholesterol efflux to HDL. Recent animal studies established a critical role for dietary cholesterol in promoting adipose tissue inflammation, thereby worsening obesity-mediated metabolic complications. SUMMARY Recent studies identified high dietary cholesterol as a potentiator of adipose tissue inflammation and dysfunction. Reducing excessive dietary cholesterol intake is suggested as a simple, but novel, way to attenuate obesity-associated metabolic diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soonkyu Chung
- Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68516
| | - John S. Parks
- Department of Internal Medicine/Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Department of Biochemistry, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157
- Corresponding author: John S. Parks; Department of Internal Medicine/Section on Molecular Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157 phone: 336-716-2145 fax: 336-716-6279
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Stress-induced upregulation of VLDL receptor alters Wnt-signaling in neurons. Exp Cell Res 2016; 340:238-47. [PMID: 26751967 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Revised: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Lipoprotein receptor family members hold multiple roles in the brain, and alterations in lipoprotein receptor expression and function are implicated in neuronal stress, developmental disorders and neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease. Berberine (BBR), a nutraceutical shown to have both neuroprotective and neurotoxic properties, is suggested to regulate lipoprotein receptor expression. We show that subtoxic concentration of BBR regulates neuronal lipoprotein receptor expression in a receptor- and time-dependent fashion in cerebellar granule neurons (CGN). Similarly to BBR, subtoxic concentrations of neuronal stressors cobalt chloride, thapsigargin and rotenone increased very-low-density lipoprotein receptor (VLDLR) mRNA and protein expression in CGN suggesting a conserved pathway for stress-induced upregulation of VLDLR in neurons. We also show that VLDLR upregulation is accompanied by transiently increased stabilization of hypoxia-induced factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) and decreased β-catenin levels affecting the Wnt pathway through GSK3β phosphorylation, a crucial player in neurodegenerative processes. Our results indicate that neuronal stress differentially regulates lipoprotein receptor expression in neurons, with VLDLR upregulation as a common element as a modulator of neuronal Wnt signaling.
Collapse
|
44
|
Salvadó L, Palomer X, Barroso E, Vázquez-Carrera M. Targeting endoplasmic reticulum stress in insulin resistance. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2015; 26:438-48. [PMID: 26078196 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2015.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/15/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is involved in the development of insulin resistance and progression to type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Disruption of ER homeostasis leads to ER stress, which activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). This response is linked to different processes involved in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and T2DM, including inflammation, lipid accumulation, insulin biosynthesis, and β-cell apoptosis. Understanding the mechanisms by which disruption of ER homeostasis leads to IR and its progression to T2DM may offer new pharmacological targets for the treatment and prevention of these diseases. Here, we examine ER stress, the UPR, and downstream pathways in insulin sensitive tissues, and in IR, and offer insights towards therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Salvadó
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Xavier Palomer
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Emma Barroso
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Manuel Vázquez-Carrera
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Barcelona, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Spanish Biomedical Research Centre in Diabetes and Associated Metabolic Diseases (CIBERDEM)-Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Wallert M, Schmölz L, Koeberle A, Krauth V, Glei M, Galli F, Werz O, Birringer M, Lorkowski S. α-Tocopherol long-chain metabolite α-13'-COOH affects the inflammatory response of lipopolysaccharide-activated murine RAW264.7 macrophages. Mol Nutr Food Res 2015; 59:1524-34. [PMID: 25943249 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201400737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Accepted: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
SCOPE Inflammatory response of macrophages is regulated by vitamin E forms. The long-chain metabolite α-13'-carboxychromanol (α-13'-COOH) is formed by hepatic α-tocopherol (α-TOH) catabolism and acts as a regulatory metabolite via pathways that are different from its metabolic precursor. METHODS AND RESULTS Using semisynthetically-derived α-13'-COOH we profiled its action on LPS-induced expression of pro- and anti-inflammatory genes using RT-qPCR and of key proteins by Western blotting. Effects on inflammatory response were assessed by measuring production of nitric oxide and prostaglandin (PG) E2 , PGD2 , and PGF2α. α-13'-COOH inhibits proinflammatory pathways in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages more efficiently than α-TOH. Profiling inflammation-related genes showed significant blocking of interleukin (Il)1β by the metabolite and its precursor as well, while upregulation of Il6 was not impaired. However, induction of Il10, cyclooxygenase 2 (Cox2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNos) by LPS and consequently the formation of nitric oxide and PG was significantly reduced by α-13'-COOH. Interestingly, α-13'-COOH acted independently from translocation of NFκB subunit p65. CONCLUSION Our study sheds new light on the mode of action of α-TOH on the inflammatory response in macrophages, which may be mediated in vivo at least in part by its metabolite α-13'-COOH. Our data show that α-13'-COOH is a potent anti-inflammatory molecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Wallert
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Lisa Schmölz
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Verena Krauth
- Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Glei
- Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Nutrition Toxicology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco Galli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Biochemistry, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Oliver Werz
- Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Department of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Marc Birringer
- Department of Nutritional, Food and Consumer Studies, HS Fulda - University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Stefan Lorkowski
- Department of Nutritional Biochemistry and Physiology, Institute of Nutrition, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Competence Cluster of Nutrition and Cardiovascular Health (nutriCARD), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Joseph R, Poschmann J, Sukarieh R, Too PG, Julien SG, Xu F, Teh AL, Holbrook JD, Ng KL, Chong YS, Gluckman PD, Prabhakar S, Stünkel W. ACSL1 Is Associated With Fetal Programming of Insulin Sensitivity and Cellular Lipid Content. Mol Endocrinol 2015; 29:909-20. [PMID: 25915184 DOI: 10.1210/me.2015-1020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Individuals who are born small for gestational age (SGA) have a risk to develop various metabolic diseases during their life course. The biological memory of the prenatal state of growth restricted individuals may be reflected in epigenetic alterations in stem cell populations. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord tissue are multipotent, and we generated primary umbilical cord MSC isolates from SGA and normal neonates, which were subsequently differentiated into adipocytes. We established chromatin state maps for histone marks H3K27 acetylation and H3K27 trimethylation and tested whether enrichment of these marks was associated with gene expression changes. After validating gene expression levels for 10 significant chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing candidate genes, we selected acyl-coenzyme A synthetase 1 (ACSL1) for further investigations due to its key roles in lipid metabolism. The ACSL1 gene was found to be highly associated with histone acetylation in adipocytes differentiated from MSCs with SGA background. In SGA-derived adipocytes, the ACSL1 expression level was also found to be associated with increased lipid loading as well as higher insulin sensitivity. ACSL1 depletion led to changes in expression of candidate genes such as proinflammatory chemokines and down-regulated both, the amount of cellular lipids and glucose uptake. Increased ACSL1, as well as modulated downstream candidate gene expression, may reflect the obese state, as detected in mice fed a high-fat diet. In summary, we believe that ACSL1 is a programmable mediator of insulin sensitivity and cellular lipid content and adipocytes differentiated from Wharton's jelly MSCs recapitulate important physiological characteristics of SGA individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roy Joseph
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jeremie Poschmann
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Rami Sukarieh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peh Gek Too
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Sofi G Julien
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Feng Xu
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Ai Ling Teh
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Joanna D Holbrook
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kai Lyn Ng
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Peter D Gluckman
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Shyam Prabhakar
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Walter Stünkel
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences (R.J., R.S., P.G.T., S.G.J., F.X., A.L.T., J.D.H., Y.S.C., P.D.G., W.S.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 117609; Genome Institute of Singapore (J.P., S.P.), Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138672; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology (K.L.N., Y.S.C.), Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119228; and Liggins Institute (P.D.G.), University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Uncoupling lipid metabolism from inflammation through fatty acid binding protein-dependent expression of UCP2. Mol Cell Biol 2015; 35:1055-65. [PMID: 25582199 DOI: 10.1128/mcb.01122-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation in obese adipose tissue is linked to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and systemic insulin resistance. Targeted deletion of the murine fatty acid binding protein (FABP4/aP2) uncouples obesity from inflammation although the mechanism underlying this finding has remained enigmatic. Here, we show that inhibition or deletion of FABP4/aP2 in macrophages results in increased intracellular free fatty acids (FFAs) and elevated expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) without concomitant increases in UCP1 or UCP3. Silencing of UCP2 mRNA in FABP4/aP2-deficient macrophages negated the protective effect of FABP loss and increased ER stress in response to palmitate or lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Pharmacologic inhibition of FABP4/aP2 with the FABP inhibitor HTS01037 also upregulated UCP2 and reduced expression of BiP, CHOP, and XBP-1s. Expression of native FABP4/aP2 (but not the non-fatty acid binding mutant R126Q) into FABP4/aP2 null cells reduced UCP2 expression, suggesting that the FABP-FFA equilibrium controls UCP2 expression. FABP4/aP2-deficient macrophages are resistant to LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and exhibit decreased mitochondrial protein carbonylation and UCP2-dependent reduction in intracellular reactive oxygen species. These data demonstrate that FABP4/aP2 directly regulates intracellular FFA levels and indirectly controls macrophage inflammation and ER stress by regulating the expression of UCP2.
Collapse
|
48
|
Esquivel AL, Pérez-Ramos J, Cisneros J, Herrera I, Rivera-Rosales R, Montaño M, Ramos C. The effect of obesity and tobacco smoke exposure on inflammatory mediators and matrix metalloproteinases in rat model. Toxicol Mech Methods 2014; 24:633-43. [PMID: 25141943 DOI: 10.3109/15376516.2014.956911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is characterized by hypertrophy of adipose tissue and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) by lung damage; both diseases are associated with systemic low-grade inflammation. There are no animal models combining obesity and COPD; therefore, these diseases were induced simultaneously in rats to analyze their effects on the expression of inflammatory mediators and enzymes involved in lung tissue remodeling. Obesity was induced with sucrose (30%) for 4 months concomitant with tobacco smoke exposure (20 cigarettes/day, 5 days/wk) for the last 2 months. Were evaluated: body weight, abdominal fat, dyslipidemia, glucose tolerance test (GTT), histology, inflammatory mediators with qPCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-2), MMP-9, MMP-12, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 through qRT-PCR, and MMP-2 and MMP-9 by gelatin zymography. The rats on a sucrose diet exhibited increased body weight, abdominal fat, triglycerides, GTT, and plasma levels of insulin, adiponectin, leptin, resistin, IL-6, IL-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and IFN-γ, upregulated lung IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IFN-γ, showing hyperplastic bronchial and alveolar epithelium. The animals exposed to sucrose and tobacco smoke exhibited decreased body weight, abdominal fat and plasma levels of leptin, resistin, IL-1β and IFN-γ, reducing inflammation but showing emphysematous lesions. Expression of gelatinases and MMP-12 augmented in the rats exposed to tobacco smoke alone or combined with sucrose. Zymography showed prominent gelatinases activity in all the experimental groups. These results suggest that simultaneous exposure to sucrose and tobacco smoke decreases inflammation but results in emphysematous lesions similar to those observed with tobacco smoke exposure, suggesting that obesity does not confer any protective effect against lung damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Laura Esquivel
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biológicas y de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana Xochimilco-Iztapalapa-Cuajimalpa , Mexico, DF , Mexico
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|