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Xu F, Fu Z, Dass S, Kotarba AE, Davis J, Smith SO, Van Nostrand WE. Author Correction: Cerebral vascular amyloid seeds drive amyloid β-protein fibril assembly with a distinct anti-parallel structure. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6089. [PMID: 39030165 PMCID: PMC11271509 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50272-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Ziao Fu
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Sharmila Dass
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - AnnMarie E Kotarba
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Judianne Davis
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - Steven O Smith
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA
| | - William E Van Nostrand
- Departments of Neurosurgery and Medicine, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York, 11794, USA.
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Zhong R, Xu Y, Williams JW, Li L. Loss of TREM2 exacerbates parenchymal amyloid pathology but diminishes CAA in Tg-SwDI mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.04.565659. [PMID: 37961542 PMCID: PMC10635150 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.04.565659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, and it is the most common cause of dementia worldwide. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified TREM2 (triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2) as one of the major risk factors for AD. TREM2 is a surface receptor expressed on microglia and largely mediates microglial functions and immune homeostasis in the brain. The functions of TREM2 in AD pathogenesis, including in the formation of the key pathology parenchymal amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques, have been investigated by introducing Trem2 deficiency in AD mouse models. However, the role of TREM2 in cerebrovascular amyloidosis, in particular cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) remains unexplored. CAA features Aβ deposition along the cerebral vessels, signifying an intersection between AD and vascular dysfunction. Using a well-characterized CAA-prone, transgenic mouse model of AD, Tg-SwDI (SwDI), we found that loss of TREM2 led to a marked increase in overall Aβ load in the brain, but a dramatic decrease in CAA in microvessel-rich regions, along with reduced microglial association with CAA. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that in the absence of Trem2 , microglia were activated but trapped in transition to the fully reactive state. Like microglia, perivascular macrophages were activated with upregulation of cell junction related pathways in Trem2 -deficient SwDI mice. In addition, vascular mural cells and astrocytes exhibited distinct responses to Trem2 deficiency, contributing to the pathological changes in the brain of Trem2 -null SwDI mice. Our study provides the first evidence that TREM2 differentially modulates parenchymal and vascular Aβ pathologies, which may have significant implications for both TREM2- and Aβ-targeting therapies for AD.
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den Hoedt S, Dorst-Lagerwerf KY, de Vries HE, Rozemuller AJ, Scheltens P, Walter J, Sijbrands EJ, Martinez-Martinez P, Verhoeven AJ, Teunissen CE, Mulder MT. Sphingolipids in Cerebrospinal Fluid and Plasma Lipoproteins of APOE4 Homozygotes and Non-APOE4 Carriers with Mild Cognitive Impairment versus Subjective Cognitive Decline. J Alzheimers Dis Rep 2023; 7:339-354. [DOI: 10.3233/adr220072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients display alterations in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma sphingolipids. The APOE4 genotype increases the risk of developing AD. Objective: To test the hypothesis that the APOE4 genotype affects common sphingolipids in CSF and in plasma of patients with early stages of AD. Methods: Patients homozygous for APOE4 and non-APOE4 carriers with mild cognitive impairment (MCI; n = 20 versus 20) were compared to patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD; n = 18 versus 20). Sphingolipids in CSF and plasma lipoproteins were determined by liquid-chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Aβ42 levels in CSF were determined by immunoassay. Results: APOE4 homozygotes displayed lower levels of sphingomyelin (SM; p = 0.042), SM(d18:1/18:0) (p = 0.026), and Aβ 42 (p < 0.001) in CSF than non-APOE4 carriers. CSF-Aβ 42 correlated with Cer(d18:1/18:0), SM(d18:1/18:0), and SM(d18:1/18:1) levels in APOE4 homozygotes (r > 0.49; p < 0.032) and with Cer(d18:1/24:1) in non-APOE4 carriers (r = 0.50; p = 0.025). CSF-Aβ 42 correlated positively with Cer(d18:1/24:0) in MCI (p = 0.028), but negatively in SCD patients (p = 0.019). Levels of Cer(d18:1/22:0) and long-chain SMs were inversely correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination score among MCI patients, independent of APOE4 genotype (r< –0.47; p < 0.039). Nevertheless, age and sex are stronger determinants of individual sphingolipid levels in CSF than either the APOE genotype or the cognitive state. In HDL, ratios of Cer(d18:1/18:0) and Cer(d18:1/22:0) to cholesterol were higher in APOE4 homozygotes than in non-APOE4 carriers (p = 0.048 and 0.047, respectively). Conclusion: The APOE4 genotype affects sphingolipid profiles of CSF and plasma lipoproteins already at early stages of AD. ApoE4 may contribute to the early development of AD through modulation of sphingolipid metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra den Hoedt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Helga E. de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke J.M. Rozemuller
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Philip Scheltens
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Walter
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Eric J.G. Sijbrands
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pilar Martinez-Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adrie J.M. Verhoeven
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Charlotte E. Teunissen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Alzheimer Center Amsterdam, and Neurochemistry Laboratory, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam University Medical Center, VrijeUniversiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Monique T. Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
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Huang Z. A Function of Amyloid-β in Mediating Activity-Dependent Axon/Synapse Competition May Unify Its Roles in Brain Physiology and Pathology. J Alzheimers Dis 2023; 92:29-57. [PMID: 36710681 PMCID: PMC10023438 DOI: 10.3233/jad-221042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Amyloid-β protein precursor (AβPP) gives rise to amyloid-β (Aβ), a peptide at the center of Alzheimer's disease (AD). AβPP, however, is also an ancient molecule dating back in evolution to some of the earliest forms of metazoans. This suggests a possible ancestral function that may have been obscured by those that evolve later. Based on literature from the functions of Aβ/AβPP in nervous system development, plasticity, and disease, to those of anti-microbial peptides (AMPs) in bacterial competition as well as mechanisms of cell competition uncovered first by Drosophila genetics, I propose that Aβ/AβPP may be part of an ancient mechanism employed in cell competition, which is subsequently co-opted during evolution for the regulation of activity-dependent neural circuit development and plasticity. This hypothesis is supported by foremost the high similarities of Aβ to AMPs, both of which possess unique, opposite (i.e., trophic versus toxic) activities as monomers and oligomers. A large body of data further suggests that the different Aβ oligomeric isoforms may serve as the protective and punishment signals long predicted to mediate activity-dependent axonal/synaptic competition in the developing nervous system and that the imbalance in their opposite regulation of innate immune and glial cells in the brain may ultimately underpin AD pathogenesis. This hypothesis can not only explain the diverse roles observed of Aβ and AβPP family molecules, but also provide a conceptual framework that can unify current hypotheses on AD. Furthermore, it may explain major clinical observations not accounted for and identify approaches for overcoming shortfalls in AD animal modeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Huang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Neurology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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Marazuela P, Paez-Montserrat B, Bonaterra-Pastra A, Solé M, Hernández-Guillamon M. Impact of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy in Two Transgenic Mouse Models of Cerebral β-Amyloidosis: A Neuropathological Study. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094972. [PMID: 35563362 PMCID: PMC9103818 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The pathological accumulation of parenchymal and vascular amyloid-beta (Aβ) are the main hallmarks of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy (CAA), respectively. Emerging evidence raises an important contribution of vascular dysfunction in AD pathology that could partially explain the failure of anti-Aβ therapies in this field. Transgenic mice models of cerebral β-amyloidosis are essential to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying amyloid accumulation in the cerebrovasculature and its interactions with neuritic plaque deposition. Here, our main objective was to evaluate the progression of both parenchymal and vascular deposition in APP23 and 5xFAD transgenic mice in relation to age and sex. We first showed a significant age-dependent accumulation of extracellular Aβ deposits in both transgenic models, with a greater increase in APP23 females. We confirmed that CAA pathology was more prominent in the APP23 mice, demonstrating a higher progression of Aβ-positive vessels with age, but not linked to sex, and detecting a pronounced burden of cerebral microbleeds (cMBs) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In contrast, 5xFAD mice did not present CAA, as shown by the negligible Aβ presence in cerebral vessels and the occurrence of occasional cMBs comparable to WT mice. In conclusion, the APP23 mouse model is an interesting tool to study the overlap between vascular and parenchymal Aβ deposition and to evaluate future disease-modifying therapy before its translation to the clinic.
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Maiti P, Bowers Z, Bourcier-Schultz A, Morse J, Dunbar GL. Preservation of dendritic spine morphology and postsynaptic signaling markers after treatment with solid lipid curcumin particles in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's amyloidosis. Alzheimers Res Ther 2021; 13:37. [PMID: 33557949 PMCID: PMC7871397 DOI: 10.1186/s13195-021-00769-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synaptic failure is one of the principal events associated with cognitive dysfunction in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Preservation of existing synapses and prevention of synaptic loss are promising strategies to preserve cognitive function in AD patients. As a potent natural anti-oxidant, anti-amyloid, and anti-inflammatory polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) shows great promise as a therapy for AD. However, hydrophobicity of natural Cur limits its solubility, stability, bioavailability, and clinical utility for AD therapy. We have demonstrated that solid lipid curcumin particles (SLCP) have greater therapeutic potential than natural Cur in vitro and in vivo models of AD. In the present study, we have investigated whether SLCP has any preservative role on affected dendritic spines and synaptic markers in 5xFAD mice. METHODS Six- and 12-month-old 5xFAD and age-matched wild-type mice received oral administration of SLCP (100 mg/kg body weight) or equivalent amounts of vehicle for 2 months. Neuronal morphology, neurodegeneration, and amyloid plaque load were investigated from prefrontal cortex (PFC), entorhinal cortex (EC), CA1, CA3, and the subicular complex (SC). In addition, the dendritic spine density from apical and basal branches was studied by Golgi-Cox stain. Further, synaptic markers, such as synaptophysin, PSD95, Shank, Homer, Drebrin, Kalirin-7, CREB, and phosphorylated CREB (pCREB) were studied using Western blots. Finally, cognitive and motor functions were assessed using open-field, novel object recognition (NOR) and Morris water maze (MWM) tasks after treatment with SLCP. RESULTS We observed an increased number of pyknotic and degenerated cells in all these brain areas in 5xFAD mice and SLCP treatment partially protected against those losses. Decrease in dendritic arborization and dendritic spine density from primary, secondary, and tertiary apical and basal branches were observed in PFC, EC, CA1, and CA3 in both 6- and 12-month-old 5xFAD mice, and SLCP treatments partially preserved the normal morphology of these dendritic spines. In addition, pre- and postsynaptic protein markers were also restored by SLCP treatment. Furthermore, SLCP treatment improved NOR and cognitive function in 5xFAD mice. CONCLUSIONS Overall, these findings indicate that use of SLCP exerts neuroprotective properties by decreasing amyloid plaque burden, preventing neuronal death, and preserving dendritic spine density and synaptic markers in the 5xFAD mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanan Maiti
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Field Neurosciences Institute, Ascension St. Mary’s Hospital, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Zackary Bowers
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
| | - Ali Bourcier-Schultz
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Jarod Morse
- College of Health and Human Services, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI 48710 USA
| | - Gary L. Dunbar
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
- Field Neurosciences Institute, Ascension St. Mary’s Hospital, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
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Intracisternal injection of beta-amyloid seeds promotes cerebral amyloid angiopathy. Brain Behav Immun 2020; 89:628-640. [PMID: 32739364 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2020.07.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beta amyloid (Aβ) is a key component of parenchymal Aβ plaques and vascular Aβ fibrils, which lead to cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Recent studies have revealed that Aβ contained in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) can re-enter into brain through paravascular spaces. However, whether Aβ in CSF may act as a constant source of pathogenic Aβ in AD is still unclear. This study aimed to examine whether Aβ pathology could be worsened when CSF Aβ level was enhanced by intra-cisternal infusion of aged brain extract containing abundant Aβ in TgCRND8 host mice. TgCRND8 mouse is an AD animal model which develops predominant parenchymal Aβ plaques in the brain at as early as 3 months of age. Here, we showed that single intracisternal injection of Aβ seeds into TgCRND8 mice before the presence of Aβ pathology induced robust prion-like propagation of CAA within 90 days. The induced CAA is mainly distributed in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and thalamus of TgCRND8 mice. Surprisingly, despite the robust increase in CAA levels, the TgCRND8 mice had a marked decrease in parenchymal Aβ plaques and the plaques related neuroinflammation in the brains compared with the control mice. These results amply indicate that Aβ in CSF may act as a source of Aβ contributing to the growth of vascular Aβ deposits in CAA. Our findings provide experimental evidence to unravel the mechanisms of CAA formation and the potential of targeting CSF Aβ for CAA.
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Abe Y, Ikegawa N, Yoshida K, Muramatsu K, Hattori S, Kawai K, Murakami M, Tanaka T, Goda W, Goto M, Yamamoto T, Hashimoto T, Yamada K, Shibata T, Misawa H, Mimura M, Tanaka KF, Miyakawa T, Iwatsubo T, Hata JI, Niikura T, Yasui M. Behavioral and electrophysiological evidence for a neuroprotective role of aquaporin-4 in the 5xFAD transgenic mice model. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:67. [PMID: 32398151 PMCID: PMC7218576 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00936-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aquaporin-4 (AQP4) has been suggested to be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease (AD), which may be due to the modulation of neuroinflammation or the impairment of interstitial fluid bulk flow system in the central nervous system. Here, we show an age-dependent impairment of several behavioral outcomes in 5xFAD AQP4 null mice. Twenty-four-hour video recordings and computational analyses of their movement revealed that the nighttime motion of AQP4-deficient 5xFAD mice was progressively reduced between 20 and 36 weeks of age, with a sharp deterioration occurring between 30 and 32 weeks. This reduction in nighttime motion was accompanied by motor dysfunction and epileptiform neuronal activities, demonstrated by increased abnormal spikes by electroencephalography. In addition, all AQP4-deficient 5xFAD mice exhibited convulsions at least once during the period of the analysis. Interestingly, despite such obvious phenotypes, parenchymal amyloid β (Aβ) deposition, reactive astrocytosis, and activated microgliosis surrounding amyloid plaques were unchanged in the AQP4-deficient 5xFAD mice relative to 5xFAD mice. Taken together, our data indicate that AQP4 deficiency greatly accelerates an age-dependent deterioration of neuronal function in 5xFAD mice associated with epileptiform neuronal activity without significantly altering Aβ deposition or neuroinflammation in this mouse model. We therefore propose that there exists another pathophysiological phase in AD which follows amyloid plaque deposition and neuroinflammation and is sensitive to AQP4 deficiency.
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Origins of Beta Amyloid Differ Between Vascular Amyloid Deposition and Parenchymal Amyloid Plaques in the Spinal Cord of a Mouse Model of Alzheimer’s Disease. Mol Neurobiol 2019; 57:278-289. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-019-01697-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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de Wit NM, Snkhchyan H, den Hoedt S, Wattimena D, de Vos R, Mulder MT, Walter J, Martinez-Martinez P, Hoozemans JJ, Rozemuller AJ, de Vries HE. Altered Sphingolipid Balance in Capillary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy. J Alzheimers Dis 2018; 60:795-807. [PMID: 27662305 DOI: 10.3233/jad-160551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) exhibit amyloid-β (Aβ) deposits at the brain vasculature, a process referred to as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA). In over 51% of AD cases, Aβ also accumulates in cortical capillaries, which is termed capillary CAA (capCAA). It has been postulated that the presence of capCAA in AD is a specific subtype of AD, although underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. Sphingolipids (SLs) are implicated in neurodegenerative disorders, including AD. However, to date it remains unknown whether alterations in the SL pathway are involved in capCAA pathogenesis and if these differ from AD. OBJECTIVE To determine whether AD cases with capCAA have an altered SL profile compared to AD cases without capCAA. METHODS Immunohistochemistry was performed to assess the expression and localization of ceramide, acid sphingomyelinase (ASM), and sphingosine-1-phosphate receptors (S1P1, S1P3). In addition, we determined the concentrations of S1P as well as different chain-lengths of ceramides using HPLC-MS/MS. RESULTS Immunohistochemical analysis revealed an altered expression of ceramide, ASM, and S1P receptors by reactive astrocytes and microglial cells specifically associated with capCAA. Moreover, a shift in the balance of ceramides with different chain-lengths and S1P content is observed in capCAA. CONCLUSION Here we provide evidence of a deregulated SL balance in capCAA. The increased levels of ASM and ceramide in activated glia cells suggest that the SL pathway is involved in the neuroinflammatory response in capCAA pathogenesis. Future research is needed to elucidate the role of S1P in capCAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nienke M de Wit
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hripsime Snkhchyan
- Department of Pathology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra den Hoedt
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Darcos Wattimena
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rob de Vos
- Laboratorium Pathology Oost Nederland, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Monique T Mulder
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Walter
- Department of Neurology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Pilar Martinez-Martinez
- Department of Neuroscience, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen J Hoozemans
- Department of Pathology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annemieke J Rozemuller
- Department of Pathology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Helga E de Vries
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Maiti P, Paladugu L, Dunbar GL. Solid lipid curcumin particles provide greater anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective effects than curcumin in the 5xFAD mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. BMC Neurosci 2018; 19:7. [PMID: 29471781 PMCID: PMC5824468 DOI: 10.1186/s12868-018-0406-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuroinflammation and the presence of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) and neurofibrillary tangles are key pathologies in Alzheimer's disease (AD). As a potent anti-amyloid and anti-inflammatory natural polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) could be potential therapies for AD. Unfortunately, poor solubility, instability in physiological fluids, and low bioavailability limit its clinical utility. Recently, different lipid modifications in the formulae of Cur have been developed that would enhance its therapeutic potential. For example, we have reported greater permeability and neuroprotection with solid lipid curcumin particles (SLCP) than with natural Cur in an in vitro model of AD. In the present study, we compared the Aβ aggregation inhibition, anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory responses of Cur and or SLCP in both in vitro and in vivo models of AD. One-year-old 5xFAD-and age-matched wild-type mice were given intraperitoneal injections of Cur or SLCP (50 mg/kg body weight) for 2- or 5-days. Levels of Aβ aggregation, including oligomers and fibril formation, were assessed by dot blot assay, while Aβ plaque load and neuronal morphology in the pre-frontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus were assayed by immunolabeling with Aβ-specific antibody and cresyl violet staining, respectively. In addition, neuroinflammation was assessed the immunoreactivity (IR) of activated astrocytes (GFAP) and microglia (Iba-1) in different brain areas. Finally, comparisons of solubility and permeability of Cur and SLCP were made in cultured N2a cells and in primary hippocampal neurons derived from E16 pups of 5xFAD mice. RESULTS We observed that relative to Cur, SLCP was more permeable, labeled Aβ plaques more effectively, and produced a larger decrease in Aβ plaque loads in PFC and dentate gyrus (DG) of hippocampus. Similarly, relative to Cur, SLCP produced a larger decrease of pyknotic, or tangle-like, neurons in PFC, CA1, and CA3 areas of hippocampus after 5 days of treatment. Both Cur and or SLCP significantly reduced GFAP-IR and Iba-1-IR in PFC, in the striatum as well as CA1, CA3, DG, subicular complex of hippocampus, and the entorhinal cortex in the 5xFAD mice after 5 days of treatment. CONCLUSIONS The use of SLCP provides more anti-amyloid, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective outcomes than does Cur in the 5xFAD mouse model of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panchanan Maiti
- Field Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Program in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Department of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI, 48859, USA. .,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary's of Michigan, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA. .,Department of Biology and Brain Research Laboratory, Saginaw Valley State University, Saginaw, MI, 48604, USA.
| | - Leela Paladugu
- 0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fField Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fProgram in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA
| | - Gary L. Dunbar
- 0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fField Neurosciences Institute Laboratory for Restorative Neurology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fProgram in Neuroscience, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,0000 0001 2113 4110grid.253856.fDepartment of Psychology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859 USA ,Field Neurosciences Institute, St. Mary’s of Michigan, Saginaw, MI 48604 USA
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Tai LM, Balu D, Avila-Munoz E, Abdullah L, Thomas R, Collins N, Valencia-Olvera AC, LaDu MJ. EFAD transgenic mice as a human APOE relevant preclinical model of Alzheimer's disease. J Lipid Res 2017; 58:1733-1755. [PMID: 28389477 PMCID: PMC5580905 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.r076315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Identified in 1993, APOE4 is the greatest genetic risk factor for sporadic Alzheimer's disease (AD), increasing risk up to 15-fold compared with APOE3, with APOE2 decreasing AD risk. However, the functional effects of APOE4 on AD pathology remain unclear and, in some cases, controversial. In vivo progress to understand how the human (h)-APOE genotypes affect AD pathology has been limited by the lack of a tractable familial AD-transgenic (FAD-Tg) mouse model expressing h-APOE rather than mouse (m)-APOE. The disparity between m- and h-apoE is relevant for virtually every AD-relevant pathway, including amyloid-β (Aβ) deposition and clearance, neuroinflammation, tau pathology, neural plasticity and cerebrovascular deficits. EFAD mice were designed as a temporally useful preclinical FAD-Tg-mouse model expressing the h-APOE genotypes for identifying mechanisms underlying APOE-modulated symptoms of AD pathology. From their first description in 2012, EFAD mice have enabled critical basic and therapeutic research. Here we review insights gleaned from the EFAD mice and summarize future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon M Tai
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Deebika Balu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Evangelina Avila-Munoz
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | | | - Riya Thomas
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | - Nicole Collins
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612
| | | | - Mary Jo LaDu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612.
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Takeda S, Morishita R. Angiotensin Receptor Blocker Protects Alzheimer's Disease Brain From Ischemic Insult. Am J Hypertens 2017; 30:110-111. [PMID: 27932318 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpw158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shuko Takeda
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Morishita
- Department of Clinical Gene Therapy, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
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14
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A comparative study of dietary curcumin, nanocurcumin, and other classical amyloid-binding dyes for labeling and imaging of amyloid plaques in brain tissue of 5×-familial Alzheimer's disease mice. Histochem Cell Biol 2016; 146:609-625. [PMID: 27406082 DOI: 10.1007/s00418-016-1464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Deposition of amyloid beta protein (Aβ) is a key component in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). As an anti-amyloid natural polyphenol, curcumin (Cur) has been used as a therapy for AD. Its fluorescent activity, preferential binding to Aβ, as well as structural similarities with other traditional amyloid-binding dyes, make it a promising candidate for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in vivo. The present study was designed to test whether dietary Cur and nanocurcumin (NC) provide more sensitivity for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in brain tissues from the 5×-familial AD (5×FAD) mice than the classical Aβ-binding dyes, such as Congo red and Thioflavin-S. These comparisons were made in postmortem brain tissues from the 5×FAD mice. We observed that Cur and NC labeled Aβ plaques to the same degree as Aβ-specific antibody and to a greater extent than those of the classical amyloid-binding dyes. Cur and NC also labeled Aβ plaques in 5×FAD brain tissues when injected intraperitoneally. Nanomolar concentrations of Cur or NC are sufficient for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques in 5×FAD brain tissue. Cur and NC also labeled different types of Aβ plaques, including core, neuritic, diffuse, and burned-out, to a greater degree than other amyloid-binding dyes. Therefore, Cur and or NC can be used as an alternative to Aβ-specific antibody for labeling and imaging of Aβ plaques ex vivo and in vivo. It can provide an easy and inexpensive means of detecting Aβ-plaque load in postmortem brain tissue of animal models of AD after anti-amyloid therapy.
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15
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Cerebrovascular pathology during the progression of experimental Alzheimer's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2016; 88:107-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2016.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2015] [Revised: 12/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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16
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Canobbio I, Abubaker AA, Visconte C, Torti M, Pula G. Role of amyloid peptides in vascular dysfunction and platelet dysregulation in Alzheimer's disease. Front Cell Neurosci 2015; 9:65. [PMID: 25784858 PMCID: PMC4347625 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2015.00065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative cause of dementia in the elderly. AD is accompanied by the accumulation of amyloid peptides in the brain parenchyma and in the cerebral vessels. The sporadic form of AD accounts for about 95% of all cases. It is characterized by a late onset, typically after the age of 65, with a complex and still poorly understood aetiology. Several observations point towards a central role of cerebrovascular dysfunction in the onset of sporadic AD (SAD). According to the "vascular hypothesis", AD may be initiated by vascular dysfunctions that precede and promote the neurodegenerative process. In accordance to this, AD patients show increased hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke risks. It is now clear that multiple bidirectional connections exist between AD and cerebrovascular disease, and in this new scenario, the effect of amyloid peptides on vascular cells and blood platelets appear to be central to AD. In this review, we analyze the effect of amyloid peptides on vascular function and platelet activation and its contribution to the cerebrovascular pathology associated with AD and the progression of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Canobbio
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Aisha Alsheikh Abubaker
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Caterina Visconte
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Mauro Torti
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
| | - Giordano Pula
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, Unit of Biochemistry, University of Pavia Pavia, Italy
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