1
|
Holcom A, Fuentealba M, Sivapatham R, King CD, Osman H, Foulger A, Bhaumik D, Schilling B, Furman D, Andersen JK, Lithgow GJ. Neuronal expression of human amyloid-β and Tau drives global phenotypic and multi-omic changes in C. elegans. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2023.06.01.542377. [PMID: 37398058 PMCID: PMC10312529 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.01.542377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Alzheimer's related diseases (ADRD) are prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and Tau neurofibrillary tangles. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegan s ( C. elegans ) serves as an invaluable model organism in diseases of old age-due to its rapid aging. Here we performed an unbiased systems analysis of a C. elegans strain expressing both Aβ and Tau proteins within neurons. We set out to determine if there was a phenotypic interaction between Aβ and Tau. In addition, we were interested in determining the temporal order of the phenotypic and multi-omic (geromic) outcomes. At an early stage of adulthood, we observed reproductive impairments and mitochondrial dysfunction consistent with disruptions in mRNA transcript abundance, protein solubility, and metabolite levels. Notably, the expression of these neurotoxic proteins exhibited a synergistic effect, leading to accelerated aging. Our findings shed light on the close relationship between normal aging and ADRD. Specifically, we demonstrate alterations to metabolic functions preceding age-related neurotoxicity, offering a resource for the development of new therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
|
2
|
Belew MY, Huang W, Florman JT, Alkema MJ, Byrne AB. PARP knockdown promotes synapse reformation after axon injury. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.11.03.565562. [PMID: 37961175 PMCID: PMC10635140 DOI: 10.1101/2023.11.03.565562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Injured nervous systems are often incapable of self-repairing, resulting in permanent loss of function and disability. To restore function, a severed axon must not only regenerate, but must also reform synapses with target cells. Together, these processes beget functional axon regeneration. Progress has been made towards a mechanistic understanding of axon regeneration. However, the molecular mechanisms that determine whether and how synapses are formed by a regenerated motor axon are not well understood. Using a combination of in vivo laser axotomy, genetics, and high-resolution imaging, we find that poly (ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) inhibit synapse reformation in regenerating axons. As a result, regenerated parp(-) axons regain more function than regenerated wild-type axons, even though both have reached their target cells. We find that PARPs regulate both axon regeneration and synapse reformation in coordination with proteolytic calpain CLP-4. These results indicate approaches to functionally repair the injured nervous system must specifically target synapse reformation, in addition to other components of the injury response.
Collapse
|
3
|
POLLARD CL, GIBB Z, SWEGEN A, GRUPEN CG. NAD +, Sirtuins and PARPs: enhancing oocyte developmental competence. J Reprod Dev 2022; 68:345-354. [PMID: 36171094 PMCID: PMC9792654 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2022-052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Oocyte quality is the limiting factor in female fertility. It is well known that maternal nutrition plays a role in reproductive function, and manipulating nutrition to improve fertility in livestock has been common practice in the past, particularly with respect to negative energy balance in cattle. A deficiency in nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) production has been associated with increased incidences of miscarriage and congenital defects in humans and mice, while elevating NAD+ through dietary supplements in aged subjects improved oocyte quality and embryo development. NAD+ is consumed by Sirtuins and poly-ADP-ribose polymerases (PARPs) within the cell and thus need constant replenishment in order to maintain various cellular functions. Sirtuins and PARPs play important roles in oocyte maturation and embryo development, and their activation may prove beneficial to in vitro embryo production and livestock breeding programs. This review examines the roles of NAD+, Sirtuins and PARPs in aspects of fertility, providing insights into the potential use of NAD+-elevating treatments in livestock breeding and embryo production programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charley-Lea POLLARD
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2570, Australia
| | - Zamira GIBB
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Aleona SWEGEN
- Priority Research Centre for Reproductive Science, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Christopher G. GRUPEN
- Sydney School of Veterinary Science, Faculty of Science, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2570, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han Y, Shi W, Tang Y, Zhou W, Sun H, Zhang J, Yan M, Hu L, Liu G. Microplastics and bisphenol A hamper gonadal development of whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by interfering with metabolism and disrupting hormone regulation. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 810:152354. [PMID: 34914981 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Gonadal development is a prerequisite for the reproductive success of an organism, and might be affected by environmental factors such as emergent pollutants. Although marine crustaceans are threatened by ubiquitous emergent pollutants such as microplastics (MPs) and bisphenol A (BPA) under realistic scenarios, studies about the impacts of these pollutants on the gonadal development of crustacean species are rare. In this study, the effects of MPs and BPA, alone or in combination, on gonadal development were investigated in whiteleg shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results obtained demonstrated that whiteleg shrimp exposed to MPs and BPA had significantly smaller gonad-somatic index (GSI) and an obvious delay in the gonad developmental stage. In addition, exposure of whiteleg shrimp to pollutants tested resulted in a reduction in the oxygen consumption rate, elevation in the ammonia excretion rate, decline in the O: N ratio, and downregulation in the expression of metabolism-related genes, indicating significant disruptions of shrimp metabolism by the pollutants. Furthermore, in addition to a few exceptions, both the in vivo contents of gonadal development-related hormones (GIH and MIH) and the expression of genes encoding regulatory hormones (GIH, MIH, and CHH) were upregulated by the exposure of whiteleg shrimp to the pollutants investigated, suggesting a significant obstruction of endocrine regulation. Moreover, MP-BPA coexposure was shown to be more toxic to whiteleg shrimp than the corresponding single exposures and significantly greater amount of BPA accumulated in the gonads (both testis and ovaries) of shrimp with the coexistence of MPs, which may be caused by the Trojan horse effect and summation of the toxic impacts on common targets. In general, the data obtained in this study demonstrated that MPs and BPA at environmentally realistic concentrations significantly inhibited the gonadal development of whiteleg shrimp probably by interfering with metabolism and disrupting endocrine regulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Han
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wei Shi
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Weishang Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Hongxiang Sun
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiongming Zhang
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China
| | - Maocang Yan
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China
| | - Lihua Hu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-resource, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China; Wenzhou Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Genetics and Breeding, Zhejiang Mariculture Research Institute, Wenzhou 325005, China
| | - Guangxu Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Salzer L, Witting M. Quo Vadis Caenorhabditis elegans Metabolomics-A Review of Current Methods and Applications to Explore Metabolism in the Nematode. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11050284. [PMID: 33947148 PMCID: PMC8146106 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11050284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomics and lipidomics recently gained interest in the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The fast development, easy cultivation and existing forward and reverse genetic tools make the small nematode an ideal organism for metabolic investigations in development, aging, different disease models, infection, or toxicology research. The conducted type of analysis is strongly depending on the biological question and requires different analytical approaches. Metabolomic analyses in C. elegans have been performed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, direct infusion mass spectrometry (DI-MS), gas-chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) or combinations of them. In this review we provide general information on the employed techniques and their advantages and disadvantages in regard to C. elegans metabolomics. Additionally, we reviewed different fields of application, e.g., longevity, starvation, aging, development or metabolism of secondary metabolites such as ascarosides or maradolipids. We also summarised applied bioinformatic tools that recently have been used for the evaluation of metabolomics or lipidomics data from C. elegans. Lastly, we curated metabolites and lipids from the reviewed literature, enabling a prototypic collection which serves as basis for a future C. elegans specific metabolome database.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liesa Salzer
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
| | - Michael Witting
- Research Unit Analytical BioGeoChemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany;
- Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Maximus-von-Imhof-Forum 2, 85354 Freising, Germany
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Diani-Moore S, Marques Pedro T, Rifkind AB. Organ-specific effects on glycolysis by the dioxin-activated aryl hydrocarbon receptor. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0243842. [PMID: 33320884 PMCID: PMC7737989 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) by the environmental toxin dioxin (2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, TCDD) causes diverse toxicities, including thymus atrophy and hepatosteatosis. The mechanisms by which AHR activation by TCDD leads to these toxicities are not fully understood. Here we studied the effects of TCDD on a major energy pathway, glycolysis, using the chick embryo close to hatching, a well-established model for studying dioxin toxicity. We showed that 24 hr of TCDD treatment causes changes in glycolysis in both thymus and liver. In thymus glands, TCDD decreased mRNAs for glycolytic genes and glucose transporters, glycolytic indices and levels of IL7 mRNA, phosphorylated AKT (pAKT) and HIF1A, stimulators of glycolysis and promoters of survival and proliferation of thymic lymphocytes. In contrast, in liver, TCDD increased mRNA levels for glycolytic genes and glucose transporters, glycolytic endpoints and pAKT levels. Similarly, increases by TCDD in mRNA levels for glycolytic genes and glucose transporters in human primary hepatocytes showed that effects in chick embryo liver pertain also to human cells. Treatment with the glycolytic inhibitor 2-deoxy-d-glucose exacerbated the effects on thymus atrophy by TCDD, supporting a role for decreased glycolysis in thymus atrophy by TCDD, but did not prevent hepatosteatosis. NAD+ precursors abolished TCDD effects on glycolytic endpoints in both thymus and liver. In summary, we report here that dioxin disrupts glycolysis mediated energy metabolism in both thymus and liver, and that it does so in opposite ways, decreasing it in the thymus and increasing it in the liver. Further, the findings support NAD+ boosting as a strategy against metabolic effects of environmental pollutants such as dioxins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Diani-Moore
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacology PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Tiago Marques Pedro
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacology PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Arleen B. Rifkind
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacology PhD Program, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lee Y, Jeong H, Park KH, Kim KW. Effects of NAD + in Caenorhabditis elegans Models of Neuronal Damage. Biomolecules 2020; 10:E993. [PMID: 32630651 PMCID: PMC7407593 DOI: 10.3390/biom10070993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) is an essential cofactor that mediates numerous biological processes in all living cells. Multiple NAD+ biosynthetic enzymes and NAD+-consuming enzymes are involved in neuroprotection and axon regeneration. The nematode Caenorhabditis elegans has served as a model to study the neuronal role of NAD+ because many molecular components regulating NAD+ are highly conserved. This review focuses on recent findings using C. elegans models of neuronal damage pertaining to the neuronal functions of NAD+ and its precursors, including a neuroprotective role against excitotoxicity and axon degeneration as well as an inhibitory role in axon regeneration. The regulation of NAD+ levels could be a promising therapeutic strategy to counter many neurodegenerative diseases, as well as neurotoxin-induced and traumatic neuronal damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuri Lee
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.L.); (H.J.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Hyeseon Jeong
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.L.); (H.J.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Kyung Hwan Park
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.L.); (H.J.); (K.H.P.)
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Life Science, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea; (Y.L.); (H.J.); (K.H.P.)
- Convergence Program of Material Science for Medicine and Pharmaceutics, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
- Multidisciplinary Genome Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wheeler NJ, Heimark ZW, Airs PM, Mann A, Bartholomay LC, Zamanian M. Genetic and functional diversification of chemosensory pathway receptors in mosquito-borne filarial nematodes. PLoS Biol 2020; 18:e3000723. [PMID: 32511224 PMCID: PMC7302863 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3000723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphatic filariasis (LF) afflicts over 60 million people worldwide and leads to severe pathological outcomes in chronic cases. The nematode parasites (Nematoda: Filarioidea) that cause LF require both arthropod (mosquito) intermediate hosts and mammalian definitive hosts for their propagation. The invasion and migration of filarial worms through host tissues are complex and critical to survival, yet little is known about the receptors and signaling pathways that mediate directed migration in these medically important species. In order to better understand the role of chemosensory signaling in filarial worm taxis, we employ comparative genomics, transcriptomics, reverse genetics, and chemical approaches to identify putative chemosensory receptor proteins and perturb chemotaxis phenotypes in filarial worms. We find that chemoreceptor family size is correlated with the presence of environmental (extrahost) stages in nematode life cycles, and that filarial worms contain compact and highly diverged chemoreceptor complements and lineage-specific ion channels that are predicted to operate downstream of chemoreceptor activation. In Brugia malayi, an etiological agent of LF, chemoreceptor expression patterns correspond to distinct parasite migration events across the life cycle. To interrogate the role of chemosensation in the migration of larval worms, arthropod and mammalian infectious stage Brugia parasites were incubated in nicotinamide, an agonist of the nematode transient receptor potential (TRP) channel OSM-9. Exposure of microfilariae to nicotinamide alters intramosquito migration, and exposure of L3s reduces chemotaxis toward host-associated cues in vitro. Nicotinamide also potently modulates thermosensory responses in L3s, suggesting a polymodal sensory role for Brugia osm-9. Reverse genetic studies implicate both Brugia osm-9 and the cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channel subunit tax-4 in larval chemotaxis toward host serum, and these ion channel subunits partially rescue sensory defects in Caenorhabditis elegans osm-9 and tax-4 knock-out strains. Together, these data reveal genetic and functional diversification of chemosensory signaling proteins in filarial worms and encourage a more thorough investigation of clade- and parasite-specific facets of nematode sensory receptor biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J. Wheeler
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Zachary W. Heimark
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Paul M. Airs
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Alexis Mann
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Lyric C. Bartholomay
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| | - Mostafa Zamanian
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Neumann C, Baesler J, Steffen G, Nicolai MM, Zubel T, Aschner M, Bürkle A, Mangerich A, Schwerdtle T, Bornhorst J. The role of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases in manganese exposed Caenorhabditis elegans. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2020; 57:21-27. [PMID: 31546209 PMCID: PMC6878993 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2019.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM When exceeding the homeostatic range, manganese (Mn) might cause neurotoxicity, characteristic of the pathophysiology of several neurological diseases. Although the underlying mechanism of its neurotoxicity remains unclear, Mn-induced oxidative stress contributes to disease etiology. DNA damage caused by oxidative stress may further trigger dysregulation of DNA-damage-induced poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation), which is of central importance especially for neuronal homeostasis. Accordingly, this study was designed to assess in the genetically traceable in vivo model Caenorhabditis elegans the role of PARylation as well as the consequences of loss of pme-1 or pme-2 (orthologues of PARP1 and PARP2) in Mn-induced toxicity. METHODS A specific and sensitive isotope-dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed to quantify PARylation in worms. Next to monitoring the PAR level, pme-1 and pme-2 gene expression as well as Mn-induced oxidative stress was studied in wildtype worms and the pme deletion mutants. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION While Mn failed to induce PARylation in wildtype worms, toxic doses of Mn led to PAR-induction in pme-1-deficient worms, due to an increased gene expression of pme-2 in the pme-1 deletion mutants. However, this effect could not be observed at sub-toxic Mn doses as well as upon longer incubation times. Regarding Mn-induced oxidative stress, the deletion mutants did not show hypersensitivity. Taken together, this study characterizes worms to model PAR inhibition and addresses the consequences for Mn-induced oxidative stress in genetically manipulated worms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Neumann
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Jessica Baesler
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany
| | - Gereon Steffen
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Merle Marie Nicolai
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Tabea Zubel
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Neuroscience, and Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, 10461 Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Bürkle
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Aswin Mangerich
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Universitaetsstraße 10, 78464 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Tanja Schwerdtle
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany
| | - Julia Bornhorst
- Department of Food Chemistry, Institute of Nutritional Science, University of Potsdam, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany; TraceAge - DFG Research Unit FOR 2558, Berlin-Potsdam, Jena, Germany; Food Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, 42119 Wuppertal, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Sattar S, Martinez MT, Ruiz AF, Hanna-Rose W, Thompson GA. Nicotinamide Inhibits Aphid Fecundity and Impacts Survival. Sci Rep 2019; 9:19709. [PMID: 31873103 PMCID: PMC6928209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-55931-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide (NAM) alters behavior in C. elegans and Drosophila, serving as an agonist of TRPV channels affecting sensory neurons and mimicking the mode of action of insecticides used to control phloem-feeding insects. The impact of NAM on green peach aphid (Myzus persicae) behaviors was assessed in artificial diet assays and foliar applications to Arabidopsis plants. Aphids feeding on artificial diets supplemented with NAM impaired stylet movement causing feeding interruptions and ultimately starvation and death. Aphid feeding behaviors were negatively impacted on NAM sprayed plants at concentrations as low as 2.5 mM leading to increased mortality. In choice assays with NAM sprayed leaves aphids showed clear preference for untreated control leaves. NAM is an intermediate in the NAD salvage pathway that should accumulate in nicotinamidase (nic) mutants. LC-MS analysis showed NAM accumulates 60-fold in nic-1-1 Arabidopsis mutants as compared with Col-0. Aphid reproductive potential was significantly decreased on nic-1-1 mutant plants, resulting in a smaller colony size and arrested population development. The results support the hypothesis that dietary NAM causes behavioral changes in aphids, including altered feeding, reduced reproduction, and increased mortality. NAM is thought to bind to TRPV channels causing overstimulation of sensory neurons in the aphid feeding apparatus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sampurna Sattar
- College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America.
| | - Mario T Martinez
- Department of Biological Sciences, Alcorn State University, Lorman, MS, 39096, United States of America.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America
| | - Andres F Ruiz
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America
| | - Wendy Hanna-Rose
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America
| | - Gary A Thompson
- College of Agricultural Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yang HC, Yu H, Liu YC, Chen TL, Stern A, Lo SJ, Chiu DTY. IDH-1 deficiency induces growth defects and metabolic alterations in GSPD-1-deficient Caenorhabditis elegans. J Mol Med (Berl) 2019; 97:385-396. [PMID: 30661088 PMCID: PMC6394583 DOI: 10.1007/s00109-018-01740-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
NADPH is a reducing equivalent that maintains redox homeostasis and supports reductive biosynthesis. Lack of major NADPH-producing enzymes predisposes cells to growth retardation and demise. It was hypothesized that double deficiency of the NADPH-generating enzymes, GSPD-1 (Glucose-6-phosphate 1-dehydrogenase), a functional homolog of human glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD), the rate-limiting enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, and IDH-1 (isocitrate dehydrogenase-1) affect growth and development in the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans). The idh-1;gspd-1(RNAi) double-deficient C. elegans model displayed shrinkage of body size, growth retardation, slowed locomotion, and impaired molting. Global metabolomic analysis was employed to address whether or not metabolic pathways were altered by severe NADPH insufficiency by the idh-1;gspd-1(RNAi) double-deficiency. The principal component analysis (PCA) points to a distinct metabolomic profile of idh-1;gspd-1(RNAi) double-deficiency. Further metabolomic analysis revealed that NADPH-dependent and glutamate-dependent amino acid biosynthesis were significantly affected. The reduced pool of amino acids may affect protein synthesis, as indicated by the absence of NAS-37 expression during the molting process. In short, double deficiency of GSPD-1 and IDH-1 causes growth retardation and molting defects, which are, in part, attributed to defective protein synthesis, possibly mediated by altered amino acid biosynthesis and metabolism in C. elegans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Yang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Hsiang Yu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - You-Cheng Liu
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ling Chen
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Arnold Stern
- New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Szecheng J Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Tsun-Yee Chiu
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kim KW, Tang NH, Piggott CA, Andrusiak MG, Park S, Zhu M, Kurup N, Cherra SJ, Wu Z, Chisholm AD, Jin Y. Expanded genetic screening in Caenorhabditis elegans identifies new regulators and an inhibitory role for NAD + in axon regeneration. eLife 2018; 7:39756. [PMID: 30461420 PMCID: PMC6281318 DOI: 10.7554/elife.39756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms underlying axon regeneration in mature neurons are relevant to the understanding of normal nervous system maintenance and for developing therapeutic strategies for injury. Here, we report novel pathways in axon regeneration, identified by extending our previous function-based screen using the C. elegans mechanosensory neuron axotomy model. We identify an unexpected role of the nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) synthesizing enzyme, NMAT-2/NMNAT, in axon regeneration. NMAT-2 inhibits axon regrowth via cell-autonomous and non-autonomous mechanisms. NMAT-2 enzymatic activity is required to repress regrowth. Further, we find differential requirements for proteins in membrane contact site, components and regulators of the extracellular matrix, membrane trafficking, microtubule and actin cytoskeleton, the conserved Kelch-domain protein IVNS-1, and the orphan transporter MFSD-6 in axon regrowth. Identification of these new pathways expands our understanding of the molecular basis of axonal injury response and regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyung Won Kim
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ngang Heok Tang
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Christopher A Piggott
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Matthew G Andrusiak
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Seungmee Park
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Ming Zhu
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Naina Kurup
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Salvatore J Cherra
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Zilu Wu
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Andrew D Chisholm
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States
| | - Yishi Jin
- Section of Neurobiology, Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, United States.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of California, San Diego, School of Medicine, La Jolla, United States
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yang HC, Hung CY, Pan YY, Lo SJ, Chiu DTY. Lipidomic Analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans Embryos. Bio Protoc 2017; 7:e2554. [PMID: 34541200 DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.2554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolomic is an emerging field of system biology. Lipidomic, a branch of metabolomic, aims to characterize lipophilic metabolites in biological systems. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is a genetically tractable and versatile animal model for novel discovery of lipid metabolism. In addition, C. elegans embryo is simple and homogeneous. Here, we demonstrate detailed procedures of C. elegans culture, embryo isolation, lipid extraction and metabolomic data analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chi Yang
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Yu Hung
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Yun Pan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Szecheng J Lo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| | - Daniel Tsun-Yee Chiu
- Healthy Aging Research Center, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Medical Biotechnology and Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Linkou Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan.,Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine, College of Human Ecology, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Kwei-San, Tao-Yuan, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Pande S, Kratasyuk VA, Medvedeva NN, Kolenchukova OA, Salmina AB. Nutritional biomarkers: Current view and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:3055-3069. [PMID: 28678523 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2017.1350136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
There is a poor relationship between nutrient intake and existing nutritional biomarkers due to variety of factors affecting their sensitivity and specificity. To explore the impact of nutrients at molecular level and devising a sensitive biomarker, proteomics is a central technology with sirtuins as one of the most promising nutritional biomarker. Sirtuins (seven mammalian sirtuins reported so far) have been reported to perform protein deacetylases and ADP-ribosyltransferases activity. It is distributed in different cellular compartments thereby controlling several metabolic processes. Sirtuins are oxidized nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide dependent, which implicates a direct effect of the metabolic state of the cell on its activity. Calorie restriction upregulates the mammalian sirtuin protein levels in variety of tissues and organs where it acts upon both histone and nonhistone substrates. Sirtuin senses nutrient availability and impacts gluconeogenesis, glycolysis, and insulin sensitivity. It deacetylates and inhibits the nuclear receptor that activates fat synthesis and adipogenesis in the body, leading to fat loss and bringing favorable cellular and health changes. Sirtuins mediates intracellular response that promotes cell survival, DNA damage repair thereby increasing the cell longitivity. The activation of sirtuins brings a wide spectrum of other health benefits and its activity levels are indicative of nutritional status as well as disease progression in cancer, inflammation, obesity, cardiovascular diseases, and viral infections. There are several foods that activate sirtuin activity and offer significant health benefits by their consumption.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhra Pande
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Valentina A Kratasyuk
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,c Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of RAS" , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Medvedeva
- b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Oxana A Kolenchukova
- a Laboratory of Bioluminescent Biotechnologies, Department of Biophysics , Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University , Krasnoyarsk , Russia.,d Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution "Scientific Research Institute of medical problems of the North" , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| | - Alla B Salmina
- b Krasnoyarsk State Medical University named after Prof. V.F. Voino-Yasenetsky , Krasnoyarsk , Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Sangaletti R, D’Amico M, Grant J, Della-Morte D, Bianchi L. Knock-out of a mitochondrial sirtuin protects neurons from degeneration in Caenorhabditis elegans. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006965. [PMID: 28820880 PMCID: PMC5576752 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Revised: 08/30/2017] [Accepted: 08/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuins are NAD⁺-dependent deacetylases, lipoamidases, and ADP-ribosyltransferases that link cellular metabolism to multiple intracellular pathways that influence processes as diverse as cell survival, longevity, and cancer growth. Sirtuins influence the extent of neuronal death in stroke. However, different sirtuins appear to have opposite roles in neuronal protection. In Caenorhabditis elegans, we found that knock-out of mitochondrial sirtuin sir-2.3, homologous to mammalian SIRT4, is protective in both chemical ischemia and hyperactive channel induced necrosis. Furthermore, the protective effect of sir-2.3 knock-out is enhanced by block of glycolysis and eliminated by a null mutation in daf-16/FOXO transcription factor, supporting the involvement of the insulin/IGF pathway. However, data in Caenorhabditis elegans cell culture suggest that the effects of sir-2.3 knock-out act downstream of the DAF-2/IGF-1 receptor. Analysis of ROS in sir-2.3 knock-out reveals that ROS become elevated in this mutant under ischemic conditions in dietary deprivation (DD), but to a lesser extent than in wild type, suggesting more robust activation of a ROS scavenging system in this mutant in the absence of food. This work suggests a deleterious role of SIRT4 during ischemic processes in mammals that must be further investigated and reveals a novel pathway that can be targeted for the design of therapies aimed at protecting neurons from death in ischemic conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachele Sangaletti
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Massimo D’Amico
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Jeff Grant
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - David Della-Morte
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
- Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- San Raffaele Roma Open University, Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
McReynolds MR, Wang W, Holleran LM, Hanna-Rose W. Uridine monophosphate synthetase enables eukaryotic de novo NAD + biosynthesis from quinolinic acid. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:11147-11153. [PMID: 28559281 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.c117.795344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
NAD+ biosynthesis is an attractive and promising therapeutic target for influencing health span and obesity-related phenotypes as well as tumor growth. Full and effective use of this target for therapeutic benefit requires a complete understanding of NAD+ biosynthetic pathways. Here, we report a previously unrecognized role for a conserved phosphoribosyltransferase in NAD+ biosynthesis. Because a required quinolinic acid phosphoribosyltransferase (QPRTase) is not encoded in its genome, Caenorhabditis elegans are reported to lack a de novo NAD+ biosynthetic pathway. However, all the genes of the kynurenine pathway required for quinolinic acid (QA) production from tryptophan are present. Thus, we investigated the presence of de novo NAD+ biosynthesis in this organism. By combining isotope-tracing and genetic experiments, we have demonstrated the presence of an intact de novo biosynthesis pathway for NAD+ from tryptophan via QA, highlighting the functional conservation of this important biosynthetic activity. Supplementation with kynurenine pathway intermediates also boosted NAD+ levels and partially reversed NAD+-dependent phenotypes caused by mutation of pnc-1, which encodes a nicotinamidase required for NAD+ salvage biosynthesis, demonstrating contribution of de novo synthesis to NAD+ homeostasis. By investigating candidate phosphoribosyltransferase genes in the genome, we determined that the conserved uridine monophosphate phosphoribosyltransferase (UMPS), which acts in pyrimidine biosynthesis, is required for NAD+ biosynthesis in place of the missing QPRTase. We suggest that similar underground metabolic activity of UMPS may function in other organisms. This mechanism for NAD+ biosynthesis creates novel possibilities for manipulating NAD+ biosynthetic pathways, which is key for the future of therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Melanie R McReynolds
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Wenqing Wang
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Lauren M Holleran
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| | - Wendy Hanna-Rose
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kropp EM, Broniowska KA, Waas M, Nycz A, Corbett JA, Gundry RL. Cardiomyocyte Differentiation Promotes Cell Survival During Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase Inhibition Through Increased Maintenance of Cellular Energy Stores. Stem Cells Transl Med 2017; 6:1191-1201. [PMID: 28224719 PMCID: PMC5442850 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.16-0151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 10/02/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
To address concerns regarding the tumorigenic potential of undifferentiated human pluripotent stem cells (hPSC) that may remain after in vitro differentiation and ultimately limit the broad use of hPSC‐derivatives for therapeutics, we recently described a method to selectively eliminate tumorigenic hPSC from their progeny by inhibiting nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT). Limited exposure to NAMPT inhibitors selectively removes hPSC from hPSC‐derived cardiomyocytes (hPSC‐CM) and spares a wide range of differentiated cell types; yet, it remains unclear when and how cells acquire resistance to NAMPT inhibition during differentiation. In this study, we examined the effects of NAMPT inhibition among multiple time points of cardiomyocyte differentiation. Overall, these studies show that in vitro cardiomyogenic commitment and continued culturing provides resistance to NAMPT inhibition and cell survival is associated with the ability to maintain cellular ATP pools despite depletion of NAD levels. Unlike cells at earlier stages of differentiation, day 28 hPSC‐CM can survive longer periods of NAMPT inhibition and maintain ATP generation by glycolysis and/or mitochondrial respiration. This is distinct from terminally differentiated fibroblasts, which maintain mitochondrial respiration during NAMPT inhibition. Overall, these results provide new mechanistic insight into how regulation of cellular NAD and energy pools change with hPSC‐CM differentiation and further inform how NAMPT inhibition strategies could be implemented within the context of cardiomyocyte differentiation. Stem Cells Translational Medicine2017;6:1191–1201
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Kropp
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Matthew Waas
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Alyssa Nycz
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - John A Corbett
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Rebekah L Gundry
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Nicotinamide is an endogenous agonist for a C. elegans TRPV OSM-9 and OCR-4 channel. Nat Commun 2016; 7:13135. [PMID: 27731314 PMCID: PMC5064019 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms13135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
TRPV ion channels are directly activated by sensory stimuli and participate in thermo-, mechano- and chemo-sensation. They are also hypothesized to respond to endogenous agonists that would modulate sensory responses. Here, we show that the nicotinamide (NAM) form of vitamin B3 is an agonist of a Caenorhabditis elegans TRPV channel. Using heterologous expression in Xenopus oocytes, we demonstrate that NAM is a soluble agonist for a channel consisting of the well-studied OSM-9 TRPV subunit and relatively uncharacterized OCR-4 TRPV subunit as well as the orthologous Drosophila Nan-Iav TRPV channel, and we examine stoichiometry of subunit assembly. Finally, we show that behaviours mediated by these C. elegans and Drosophila channels are responsive to NAM, suggesting conservation of activity of this soluble endogenous metabolite on TRPV activity. Our results in combination with the role of NAM in NAD+ metabolism suggest an intriguing link between metabolic regulation and TRPV channel activity. TRPV are cation channels activated by physical and chemical stimuli. Here the authors show that nicotinamide is a soluble, endogenous agonist for orthologous TRPV channels from C. elegans and Drosophila, unveiling a metabolic-based regulation for TRPV channel activity.
Collapse
|
19
|
Caito SW, Aschner M. NAD+ Supplementation Attenuates Methylmercury Dopaminergic and Mitochondrial Toxicity in Caenorhabditis Elegans. Toxicol Sci 2016; 151:139-49. [PMID: 26865665 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylmercury (MeHg) is a neurotoxic contaminant of our fish supply that has been linked to dopaminergic (DAergic) dysfunction that characterizes Parkinson's disease. We have previously shown that MeHg causes both morphological and behavioral changes in the Caenorhabditis elegans DAergic neurons that are associated with oxidative stress. We were therefore interested in whether the redox sensitive cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) may be affected by MeHg and whether supplementation of NAD( + )may prevent MeHg-induced toxicities. Worms treated with MeHg showed depletion in cellular NAD( + )levels, which was prevented by NAD( + )supplementation prior to MeHg treatment. NAD( + )supplementation also prevented DAergic neurodegeneration and deficits in DAergic-dependent behavior upon MeHg exposure. In a mutant worm line that cannot synthesize NAD( + )from nicotinamide, MeHg lethality and DAergic behavioral deficits were more sensitive to MeHg than wildtype worms, demonstrating the importance of NAD( + )in MeHg toxicity. In wildtype worms, NAD( + )supplementation provided protection from MeHg-induced oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction. These data show the importance of NAD( + )levels in the response to MeHg exposure. NAD( + )supplementation may be beneficial for MeHg-induced toxicities and preventing cellular damage involved in Parkinson's disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Caito
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461
| |
Collapse
|