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Wang C, Yang X, Guo Z, Zhu G, Fan L. Circadian gene CLOCK accelerates atherosclerosis by promoting endothelial autophagy. Biotechnol Genet Eng Rev 2024; 40:1230-1245. [PMID: 36946412 DOI: 10.1080/02648725.2023.2193061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is a chronic inflammatory disease which gives rise to life-threatening complications like ischemic stroke. Rupture of carotid atherosclerotic plaque is the main cause of ischemic stroke. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that disturbed circadian rhythms could accelerate the progression of atherosclerosis by regulating endothelial function. Moreover, our previous study implicated the circadian gene circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) in the pathogenesis of unstable plaques. In this study, we explored the underlying mechanism that CLOCK mediates endothelial cell autophagy involved in the progression of AS. Circadian and autophagy gene expression was analyzed in the GSE41571 dataset and human carotid atherosclerotic plaque samples. Then we used ox-LDL to treat HUVECs, and analyzed CLOCK and autophagy gene in endothelial cells. Besides that, we comprehensively analyzed in vivo experiments to explore the function of CLOCK in autophagy and atherosclerosis using different staining including HE, MT and IF staining. In the dataset and patient samples, CLOCK expression and autophagy were decreased in the unstable plaque group compared with the stable group. Decreased Beclin1, ATG5, LC3, and CLOCK were also observed in HUVECs under oxidative stress condition which also enhances cell proliferation. In vivo, we also found decreasing level of CLOCK, Beclin1, LC3 and ATG5 in ApoE-/- mice compared with WT mice. Silencing of CLOCK in ApoE-/- mice may further aggravate atherosclerosis including decreased cap thickness and collagens. Our findings implicated that downregulation CLOCK would impair endothelial cell autophagy and accelerate atherosclerotic plaque, which provides a novel strategy for treatment of progression in AS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaohu Yang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guanglang Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Longhua Fan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Qingpu Branch of Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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2
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Cherubini JM, Cheng JL, Armstrong CM, Kamal MJ, Parise G, MacDonald MJ. Acute partial sleep restriction does not impact arterial function in young and healthy humans. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:1492-1504. [PMID: 38900696 PMCID: PMC11363128 DOI: 10.1113/ep091699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Habitual short sleep durations are associated with several cardiovascular diseases. Experimental research generally supports these findings as metrics of arterial function are impaired after complete deprivation of sleep and after longer periods of partial sleep restriction. The acute influence of a single instance of partial sleep restriction (PSR), however, has not been defined. We evaluated arterial structure and function among 32 university-aged participants on two occasions: once after normal habitual sleep (NS), and again the morning after an acute partial sleep restriction (PSR) intervention involving only 3 h of sleep for a single night. Endothelial function was measured using ultrasonography at the brachial artery via flow-mediated dilatation (FMD), and a ramp peak oxygen uptake test was used to evaluate cardiorespiratory fitness. Blood samples were collected from a subset of participants to investigate the influence of circulatory factors on cellular mechanisms implicated in endothelial function. Sleep duration was lower after a night of PSR compared to NS (P < 0.001); however, there were no appreciable differences in any haemodynamic outcome between conditions. FMD was not different between NS and PSR (NS: 6.5 ± 2.9%; PSR: 6.3 ± 2.9%; P = 0.668), and cardiorespiratory fitness did not moderate the haemodynamic response to PSR (all P > 0.05). Ex vivo cell culture results aligned with in vivo data, showing that acute PSR does not alter intracellular processes involved in endothelial function. No differences in arterial structure or function were observed between NS and acute PSR in healthy and young participants, and cardiorespiratory fitness does not modulate the arterial response to acute sleep restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jem L. Cheng
- Department of KinesiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | | | - Michael J. Kamal
- Department of KinesiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
| | - Gianni Parise
- Department of KinesiologyMcMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioCanada
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3
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Park JA, Yoon JE, Liu X, Chang Y, Maiolino G, Pengo MF, Lin GM, Kwon Y. Cardiovascular Implications of Sleep Disorders Beyond Sleep Apnea. CURRENT SLEEP MEDICINE REPORTS 2024; 10:320-328. [PMID: 39281064 PMCID: PMC11391919 DOI: 10.1007/s40675-024-00302-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/18/2024]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Sleep is crucial for human health and life. There is still limited attention to the association between sleep disorders beyond sleep apnea and cardiovascular (CV) health. We investigated the current evidence between non-respiratory sleep disorders and CV health. Recent Findings Current evidence suggests an important association between sleep duration, circadian rhythm, insomnia, disorders of hypersomnolence and CV health. Sleep-related movement disorders exhibit a moderate association with CV health. Further research is needed to explore the effects of each sleep disorder on CV health. Summary Given the close association between non-respiratory sleep disorders and CV health, it is crucial to recognize and address sleep disorders in patients with a high CV risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-A Park
- Department of Neurology, Daegu Catholic University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jee-Eun Yoon
- Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Bucheon, Korea
| | - Xiaoyue Liu
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yoonhee Chang
- Staff Physician, Sleep Medicine, Evergreen Health, Kirkland, WA, USA
| | - Giuseppe Maiolino
- Clinica Medica 3, Department of Medicine - DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Martino F Pengo
- Department of Cardiovascular, Neural and Metabolic Sciences, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
| | - Gen-Min Lin
- Department of Medicine, Hualien-Armed Forces General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Younghoon Kwon
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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4
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Shen Y. Pathogenesis and Mechanism of Uremic Vascular Calcification. Cureus 2024; 16:e64771. [PMID: 39026575 PMCID: PMC11255132 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.64771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
This review elucidates the modeling and mechanistic studies of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease - mineral and bone disorder. In patients with chronic kidney disease, metabolic abnormalities in uremic toxins, including phosphate and indole sulfate, are closely associated with vascular calcification. Vitamin K, vascular circadian clock, and autophagy are also key factors involved in vascular calcification. Furthermore, communication between endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells also plays a pivotal role in the regulation of this process. Together, these factors accelerate vascular calcification progression and increase the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, timely intervention for vascular calcification is essential for patients with chronic kidney disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingjing Shen
- Nephrology, Shanghai Tianyou Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, CHN
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5
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Lal H, Verma SK, Wang Y, Xie M, Young ME. Circadian Rhythms in Cardiovascular Metabolism. Circ Res 2024; 134:635-658. [PMID: 38484029 PMCID: PMC10947116 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Energetic demand and nutrient supply fluctuate as a function of time-of-day, in alignment with sleep-wake and fasting-feeding cycles. These daily rhythms are mirrored by 24-hour oscillations in numerous cardiovascular functional parameters, including blood pressure, heart rate, and myocardial contractility. It is, therefore, not surprising that metabolic processes also fluctuate over the course of the day, to ensure temporal needs for ATP, building blocks, and metabolism-based signaling molecules are met. What has become increasingly clear is that in addition to classic signal-response coupling (termed reactionary mechanisms), cardiovascular-relevant cells use autonomous circadian clocks to temporally orchestrate metabolic pathways in preparation for predicted stimuli/stresses (termed anticipatory mechanisms). Here, we review current knowledge regarding circadian regulation of metabolism, how metabolic rhythms are synchronized with cardiovascular function, and whether circadian misalignment/disruption of metabolic processes contribute toward the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind Lal
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Suresh Kumar Verma
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Yajing Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Min Xie
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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6
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Zeng Q, Oliva VM, Moro MÁ, Scheiermann C. Circadian Effects on Vascular Immunopathologies. Circ Res 2024; 134:791-809. [PMID: 38484032 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.123.323619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
Circadian rhythms exert a profound impact on most aspects of mammalian physiology, including the immune and cardiovascular systems. Leukocytes engage in time-of-day-dependent interactions with the vasculature, facilitating the emigration to and the immune surveillance of tissues. This review provides an overview of circadian control of immune-vascular interactions in both the steady state and cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis and infarction. Circadian rhythms impact both the immune and vascular facets of these interactions, primarily through the regulation of chemoattractant and adhesion molecules on immune and endothelial cells. Misaligned light conditions disrupt this rhythm, generally exacerbating atherosclerosis and infarction. In cardiovascular diseases, distinct circadian clock genes, while functioning as part of an integrated circadian system, can have proinflammatory or anti-inflammatory effects on these immune-vascular interactions. Here, we discuss the mechanisms and relevance of circadian rhythms in vascular immunopathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Zeng
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Q.Z., V.M.O., C.S.)
| | - Valeria Maria Oliva
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Q.Z., V.M.O., C.S.)
| | - María Ángeles Moro
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III, Madrid, Spain (M.Á.M.)
| | - Christoph Scheiermann
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland (Q.Z., V.M.O., C.S.)
- Geneva Center for Inflammation Research, Switzerland (C.S.)
- Translational Research Centre in Oncohaematology, Geneva, Switzerland (C.S.)
- Biomedical Center, Institute for Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Walter Brendel Center for Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität Munich, Germany (C.S.)
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7
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Young ME. The Cardiac Circadian Clock: Implications for Cardiovascular Disease and its Treatment. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2023; 8:1613-1628. [PMID: 38205356 PMCID: PMC10774593 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2023.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Virtually all aspects of physiology fluctuate with respect to the time of day. This is beautifully exemplified by cardiovascular physiology, for which blood pressure and electrophysiology exhibit robust diurnal oscillations. At molecular/biochemical levels (eg, transcription, translation, signaling, metabolism), cardiovascular-relevant tissues (such as the heart) are profoundly different during the day vs the night. Unfortunately, this in turn contributes toward 24-hour rhythms in both risk of adverse event onset (eg, arrhythmias, myocardial infarction) and pathogenesis severity (eg, extent of ischemic damage). Accumulating evidence indicates that cell-autonomous timekeeping mechanisms, termed circadian clocks, temporally govern biological processes known to play critical roles in cardiovascular function/dysfunction. In this paper, a comprehensive review of our current understanding of the cardiomyocyte circadian clock during both health and disease is detailed. Unprecedented basic, translational, and epidemiologic studies support a need to implement chronobiological considerations in strategies designed for both prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin E. Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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Mitchell JW, Gillette MU. Development of circadian neurovascular function and its implications. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1196606. [PMID: 37732312 PMCID: PMC10507717 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1196606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The neurovascular system forms the interface between the tissue of the central nervous system (CNS) and circulating blood. It plays a critical role in regulating movement of ions, small molecules, and cellular regulators into and out of brain tissue and in sustaining brain health. The neurovascular unit (NVU), the cells that form the structural and functional link between cells of the brain and the vasculature, maintains the blood-brain interface (BBI), controls cerebral blood flow, and surveils for injury. The neurovascular system is dynamic; it undergoes tight regulation of biochemical and cellular interactions to balance and support brain function. Development of an intrinsic circadian clock enables the NVU to anticipate rhythmic changes in brain activity and body physiology that occur over the day-night cycle. The development of circadian neurovascular function involves multiple cell types. We address the functional aspects of the circadian clock in the components of the NVU and their effects in regulating neurovascular physiology, including BBI permeability, cerebral blood flow, and inflammation. Disrupting the circadian clock impairs a number of physiological processes associated with the NVU, many of which are correlated with an increased risk of dysfunction and disease. Consequently, understanding the cell biology and physiology of the NVU is critical to diminishing consequences of impaired neurovascular function, including cerebral bleeding and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer W. Mitchell
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
| | - Martha U. Gillette
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
- Carle-Illinois College of Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States
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9
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Vyas H, Vohra A, Upadhyay K, Thounaojam M, Jadeja R, Dalvi N, Bartoli M, Devkar R. miR34a-5p impedes CLOCK expression in chronodisruptive C57BL/6J mice and potentiates pro-atherogenic manifestations. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0283591. [PMID: 37561715 PMCID: PMC10414636 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Altered circadian rhythms underlie manifestation of several cardiovascular disorders, however a little is known about the mediating biomolecules. Multiple transcriptional-translational feedback loops control circadian-clockwork wherein; micro RNAs (miRNAs) are known to manifest post transcriptional regulation. This study assesses miR34a-5p as a mediating biomolecule. METHOD 8-10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice (n = 6/group) were subjected to photoperiodic manipulation induced chronodisruption and thoracic aortae were examined for miRNA, gene (qPCR) and protein (Immunoblot) expression studies. Histomorphological changes were assessed for pro-atherogenic manifestations (fibrillar arrangement, collagen/elastin ratio, intima-media thickening). Computational studies for miRNA-mRNA target prediction were done using TargetScan and miRDB. Correlative in vitro studies were done in serum synchronized HUVEC cells. Time point based studies were done at five time points (ZT 0, 6, 12, 18, 24) in 24h. RESULTS Chronodisruption induced hypomethylation in the promoter region of miR34a-5p, in the thoracic aortae, culminating in elevated miRNA titers. In a software-based detection of circadian-clock-associated targets of miR34a-5p, Clock and Sirt1 genes were identified. Moreover, miR34a-5p exhibited antagonist circadian oscillations to that of its target genes CLOCK and SIRT1 in endothelial cells. Luciferase reporter gene assay further showed that miR34a-5p interacts with the 3'UTR of the Clock gene to lower its expression, disturbing the operation of positive arm of circadian clock system. Elevated miR34a-5p and impeded SIRT1 expression in a chronodisruptive aortae exhibited pro-atherogenic changes observed in form of gene expression, increased collagen/elastin ratio, fibrillar derangement and intimal-media thickening. CONCLUSION The study reports for the first time chronodisruption mediated miR34a-5p elevation, its circadian expression and interaction with the 3'UTR of Clock gene to impede its expression. Moreover, elevated miR34a-5p and lowered SIRT1 expression in the chronodisruptive aortae lead off cause-consequence relationship of chronodisruption mediated proatherogenic changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitarthi Vyas
- Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Aliasgar Vohra
- Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Kapil Upadhyay
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, United States of America
| | - Menaka Thounaojam
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Ravirajsinh Jadeja
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Nilay Dalvi
- Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Manuela Bartoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, United States of America
| | - Ranjitsinh Devkar
- Division of Metabolic Endocrinology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
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Young ME, Latimer MN. Circadian rhythms in cardiac metabolic flexibility. Chronobiol Int 2023; 40:13-26. [PMID: 34162286 PMCID: PMC8695643 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2021.1939366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Numerous aspects of cardiovascular physiology (e.g., heart rate, blood pressure) and pathology (e.g., myocardial infarction and sudden cardiac death) exhibit time-of-day-dependency. In association with day-night differences in energetic demand and substrate availability, the healthy heart displays remarkable metabolic flexibility through temporal partitioning of the metabolic fate of common substrates (glucose, lipid, amino acids). The purpose of this review is to highlight the contribution that circadian clocks provide toward 24-hr fluctuations in cardiac metabolism and to discuss whether attenuation and/or augmentation of these metabolic rhythms through adjustment of nutrient intake timing impacts cardiovascular disease development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
| | - Mary N Latimer
- Division of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
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11
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Tian T, Sun W, Du J, Sun Y. Analysis of co-expression gene network associated with intracranial aneurysm and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1032038. [PMID: 36561297 PMCID: PMC9763588 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1032038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
To screen for common target genes in intracranial aneurysms (IA) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), construct a common transcriptional regulatory network to predict clusters of candidate genes involved in the pathogenesis of T2DM and IA, and identify the common neurovascular markers and pathways in T2DM causing IA. Microarray datasets (GSE55650, GSE25462, GSE26969, GSE75436, and GSE13353) from the GEO database were analyzed in this research. Screening of the IA and the T2DM datasets yielded a total of 126 DEGs, among which 78 were upregulated and 138 were downregulated. Functional enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs were enriched for a total of 68 GO pathways, including extracellular matrix composition, coagulation regulation, hemostasis regulation, and collagen fiber composition pathways. We also constructed transcriptional regulatory networks, and identified key transcription factors involved in both the conditions. Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that ARNTL2 and STAT1 were significantly associated with the development of T2DM and IA, acting as the common neurovascular markers for both the diseases. In cellular experiments, hyperglycemic microenvironments exhibited upregulated STAT1 expression. STAT1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of IA in T2DM patients. Being the common neurovascular markers, STAT1 may acts as novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of IA and T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Tian
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Wenhao Sun
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Chengde Medical University Affiliated Hospital, Chengde, China
| | - Jia Du
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Cangzhou Center Hospital, Cangzhou, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China,*Correspondence: Yafei Sun
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12
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Dysregulated haemostasis in thrombo-inflammatory disease. Clin Sci (Lond) 2022; 136:1809-1829. [PMID: 36524413 PMCID: PMC9760580 DOI: 10.1042/cs20220208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory disease is often associated with an increased incidence of venous thromboembolism in affected patients, although in most instances, the mechanistic basis for this increased thrombogenicity remains poorly understood. Acute infection, as exemplified by sepsis, malaria and most recently, COVID-19, drives 'immunothrombosis', where the immune defence response to capture and neutralise invading pathogens causes concurrent activation of deleterious prothrombotic cellular and biological responses. Moreover, dysregulated innate and adaptive immune responses in patients with chronic inflammatory conditions, such as inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, and neurodegenerative disorders, are now recognised to occur in parallel with activation of coagulation. In this review, we describe the detailed cellular and biochemical mechanisms that cause inflammation-driven haemostatic dysregulation, including aberrant contact pathway activation, increased tissue factor activity and release, innate immune cell activation and programmed cell death, and T cell-mediated changes in thrombus resolution. In addition, we consider how lifestyle changes increasingly associated with modern life, such as circadian rhythm disruption, chronic stress and old age, are increasingly implicated in unbalancing haemostasis. Finally, we describe the emergence of potential therapies with broad-ranging immunothrombotic functions, and how drug development in this area is challenged by our nascent understanding of the key molecular and cellular parameters that control the shared nodes of proinflammatory and procoagulant pathways. Despite the increasing recognition and understanding of the prothrombotic nature of inflammatory disease, significant challenges remain in effectively managing affected patients, and new therapeutic approaches to curtail the key pathogenic steps in immune response-driven thrombosis are urgently required.
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Luengas-Martinez A, Paus R, Iqbal M, Bailey L, Ray DW, Young HS. Circadian rhythms in psoriasis and the potential of chronotherapy in psoriasis management. Exp Dermatol 2022; 31:1800-1809. [PMID: 35851722 DOI: 10.1111/exd.14649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The physiology and pathology of the skin are influenced by daily oscillations driven by a master clock located in the brain, and peripheral clocks in individual cells. The pathogenesis of psoriasis is circadian-rhythmic, with flares of disease and symptoms such as itch typically being worse in the evening/night-time. Patients with psoriasis have changes in circadian oscillations of blood pressure and heart rate, supporting wider circadian disruption. In addition, shift work, a circadian misalignment challenge, is associated with psoriasis. These features may be due to underlying circadian control of key effector elements known to be relevant in psoriasis such as cell cycle, proliferation, apoptosis and inflammation. Indeed, peripheral clock pathology may lead to hyperproliferation of keratinocytes in the basal layers, insufficient apoptosis of differentiating keratinocytes in psoriatic epidermis, dysregulation of skin-resident and migratory immune cells and modulation of angiogenesis through circadian oscillation of vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGF-A) in epidermal keratinocytes. Chronotherapeutic effects of topical steroids and topical vitamin D analogues have been reported, suggesting that knowledge of circadian phase may improve the efficacy, and therapeutic index of treatments for psoriasis. In this viewpoint essay, we review the current literature on circadian disruption in psoriasis. We explore the hypothesis that psoriasis is circadian-driven. We also suggest that investigation of the circadian components specific to psoriasis and that the in vitro investigation of circadian regulation of psoriasis will contribute to the development of a novel chronotherapeutic treatment strategy for personalised psoriasis management. We also propose that circadian oscillations of VEGF-A offer an opportunity to enhance the efficacy and tolerability of a novel anti-VEGF-A therapeutic approach, through the timed delivery of anti-VEGF-A drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Luengas-Martinez
- Centre for Dermatology Research and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Ralf Paus
- Centre for Dermatology Research and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Dr. Philip Frost Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
- Monasterium Laboratory, Muenster, Germany
- CUTANEON, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mudassar Iqbal
- Centre for Dermatology Research and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Laura Bailey
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - David W Ray
- NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Helen S Young
- Centre for Dermatology Research and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Genetic Polymorphisms Associated with Prothrombin Time and Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time in Chinese Healthy Population. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13101867. [PMID: 36292752 PMCID: PMC9602091 DOI: 10.3390/genes13101867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of gene polymorphisms on prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) in a healthy Chinese population. (2) Methods: A total of 403 healthy volunteers from a series of novel oral anticoagulants (NOACs) bioequivalence trials in China were included. Coagulation tests for PT and APTT were performed in the central lab at Peking University First Hospital. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) and genome-wide association analysis were performed. (3) Results: In the correlation analysis of PT, 105 SNPs from 84 genes reached the genome-wide significance threshold (p < 1 × 10−5). Zinc Finger Protein 594 (ZNF594) rs184838268 (p = 4.50 × 10−19) was most significantly related to PT, and Actinin Alpha 1 (ACTN1) was found to interact most with other candidate genes. Significant associations with previously reported candidate genes Aurora Kinase B (AURKB), Complement C5(C5), Clock Circadian Regulator (CLOCK), and Histone Deacetylase 9(HDAC9) were detected in our dataset (p < 1 × 10−5). PiggyBac Transposable Element Derived 2(PGBD2) rs75935520 (p = 4.49 × 10−6), Bromodomain Adjacent To Zinc Finger Domain 2A(BAZ2A) rs199970765 (p = 5.69 × 10−6) and Protogenin (PRTG) rs80064850 (p = 8.69 × 10−6) were significantly correlated with APTT (p < 1 × 10−5). The heritability values of PT and APTT were 0.83 and 0.64, respectively; (4) Conclusion: The PT and APTT of healthy populations are affected by genetic polymorphisms. ZNF594 and ACTN1 variants could be novel genetic markers of PT, while PRTG polymorphisms might be associated with APTT levels. The findings could be attributed to ethnic differences, and need further investigation.
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Daiber A, Frenis K, Kuntic M, Li H, Wolf E, Kilgallen AB, Lecour S, Van Laake LW, Schulz R, Hahad O, Münzel T. Redox Regulatory Changes of Circadian Rhythm by the Environmental Risk Factors Traffic Noise and Air Pollution. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:679-703. [PMID: 35088601 PMCID: PMC9618394 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and traffic noise contribute to the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Recent Advances: Epidemiological data suggest that air pollution and traffic noise are associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental disease, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, neurodegeneration, depression, and anxiety disorders, mainly by activation of stress hormone signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Critical Issues: We here provide an in-depth review on the impact of the environmental risk factors air pollution and traffic noise exposure (components of the external exposome) on cardiovascular health, with special emphasis on the role of environmentally triggered oxidative stress and dysregulation of the circadian clock. Also, a general introduction on the contribution of circadian rhythms to cardiovascular health and disease as well as a detailed mechanistic discussion of redox regulatory pathways of the circadian clock system is provided. Future Directions: Finally, we discuss the potential of preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 679-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B. Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Linda W. Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
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16
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Lecour S, Du Pré BC, Bøtker HE, Brundel BJJM, Daiber A, Davidson SM, Ferdinandy P, Girao H, Gollmann-Tepeköylü C, Gyöngyösi M, Hausenloy DJ, Madonna R, Marber M, Perrino C, Pesce M, Schulz R, Sluijter JPG, Steffens S, Van Linthout S, Young ME, Van Laake LW. Circadian rhythms in ischaemic heart disease: key aspects for preclinical and translational research: position paper of the ESC working group on cellular biology of the heart. Cardiovasc Res 2022; 118:2566-2581. [PMID: 34505881 DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvab293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms are internal regulatory processes controlled by molecular clocks present in essentially every mammalian organ that temporally regulate major physiological functions. In the cardiovascular system, the circadian clock governs heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac metabolism, contractility, and coagulation. Recent experimental and clinical studies highlight the possible importance of circadian rhythms in the pathophysiology, outcome, or treatment success of cardiovascular disease, including ischaemic heart disease. Disturbances in circadian rhythms are associated with increased cardiovascular risk and worsen outcome. Therefore, it is important to consider circadian rhythms as a key research parameter to better understand cardiac physiology/pathology, and to improve the chances of translation and efficacy of cardiac therapies, including those for ischaemic heart disease. The aim of this Position Paper by the European Society of Cardiology Working Group Cellular Biology of the Heart is to highlight key aspects of circadian rhythms to consider for improvement of preclinical and translational studies related to ischaemic heart disease and cardioprotection. Applying these considerations to future studies may increase the potential for better translation of new treatments into successful clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandrine Lecour
- Department of Medicine, Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Bastiaan C Du Pré
- Department of Internal Medicine, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Erik Bøtker
- Department of Cardiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Bianca J J M Brundel
- Department of Physiology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Cardiovascular Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Department of Cardiology, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sean M Davidson
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
| | - Peter Ferdinandy
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- Pharmahungary Group, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Henrique Girao
- Faculty of Medicine, Univ Coimbra, Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), Clinical Academic Centre of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | - Mariann Gyöngyösi
- Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- Cardiovascular & Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
- National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Centre, Singapore, Singapore
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Singapore, Singapore
- The Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, University College London, London, UK
- Cardiovascular Research Center, College of Medical and Health Sciences, Asia University, Taichung City, Taiwan
| | - Rosalinda Madonna
- Institute of Cardiology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical School in Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Michael Marber
- King's College London BHF Centre, The Rayne Institute, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Cinzia Perrino
- Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Maurizio Pesce
- Unità di Ingegneria Tissutale Cardiovascolare, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute of Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Joost P G Sluijter
- Department of Cardiology, Experimental Cardiology Laboratory, Regenerative Medicine Center, Circulatory Health Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sabine Steffens
- Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Sophie Van Linthout
- Berlin Institute of Health Center for Regenerative Therapies & Berlin-Brandenburg Center for Regenerative Therapies (BCRT), Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Berlin 10178, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin E Young
- Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Cardiology and UMC Utrecht Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
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17
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Wei R, Duan X, Guo L. Effects of sleep deprivation on coronary heart disease. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 26:297-305. [PMID: 36039730 PMCID: PMC9437362 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2022.26.5.297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The presence of artificial light enables humans to be active 24 h a day. Many people across the globe live in a social culture that encourages staying up late to meet the demands of various activities, such as work and school. Sleep deprivation (SD) is a severe health problem in modern society. Meanwhile, as with cardiometabolic disease, there was an obvious tendency that coronary heart disease (CHD) to become a global epidemic chronic disease. Specifically, SD can significantly increase the morbidity and mortality of CHD. However, the underlying mechanisms responsible for the effects of SD on CHD are multilayered and complex. Inflammatory response, lipid metabolism, oxidative stress, and endothelial function all contribute to cardiovascular lesions. In this review, the effects of SD on CHD development are summarized, and SD-related pathogenesis of coronary artery lesions is discussed. In general, early assessment of SD played a vital role in preventing the harmful consequences of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wei
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoye Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lixin Guo
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
- Peking University Fifth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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18
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Shen Y, Xu LR, Yan D, Zhou M, Han TL, Lu C, Tang X, Lin CP, Qian RZ, Guo DQ. BMAL1 modulates smooth muscle cells phenotypic switch towards fibroblast-like cells and stabilizes atherosclerotic plaques by upregulating YAP1. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2022; 1868:166450. [PMID: 35598770 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2022.166450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemic heart diseases and ischemic stroke are closely related to circadian clock and unstable atherosclerotic plaques. Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) can stabilize or destabilize an atherosclerotic lesion through phenotypic switch. BMAL1 is not only an indispensable core component in circadian clock but also an important regulator in atherosclerosis and VSMCs proliferation. However, little is known about the modulation mechanisms of BMAL1 in VSMCs phenotypic switch and atherosclerotic plaque stability. METHODS We integrated histological analysis of human plaques, in vivo experiments of VSMC-specific Bmal1-/- mice, in vitro experiments, and gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) of public datasets of human plaques to explore the function of BMAL1 in VSMCs phonotypic switch and plaque stability. FINDINGS Comparing to human unstable plaques, BMAL1 was higher in stable plaques, accompanied by elevated YAP1 and fibroblast maker FSP1 which were positively correlated with BMAL1. In response to Methyl-β-cyclodextrin-cholesterol, oxidized-low-density-lipoprotein and platelet-derived-growth-factor-BB, VSMCs embarked on phenotypic switch and upregulated BMAL, YAP1 and FSP1. Besides, BMAL1 overexpression promoted VSMCs phonotypic switch towards fibroblast-like cells by transcriptionally upregulating the expression of YAP1. BMAL1 or YAP1 knock-down inhibited VSMCs phonotypic switch and downregulated FSP1. Furthermore, VSMC-specific Bmal1-/- mice exhibited VSMCs with lower YAP1 and FSP1 levels, and more vulnerable plaques with less collagen content. In addition, BMAL1 suppressed the migration of VSMCs. The GSEA results of public datasets were consistent with our laboratory findings. INTERPRETATION Our results highlight the importance of BMAL1 as a major regulator in VSMCs phenotypic switch towards fibroblast-like cells which stabilize an atherosclerotic plaque.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Shen
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Li-Rong Xu
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Science, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Dong Yan
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Tong-Lei Han
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chao Lu
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Xiao Tang
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Chang-Po Lin
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Rui-Zhe Qian
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, 138 Yixueyuan Rd., Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Da-Qiao Guo
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Institute of Vascular Surgery, National Clinical Research Center for Interventional Medicine, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Rd., Shanghai 200032, China.
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19
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Zhang Y, Liu L, Zhao X, Yan S, Zeng F, Zhou D. New insight into ischemic stroke: Circadian rhythm in post-stroke angiogenesis. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:927506. [PMID: 36016550 PMCID: PMC9395980 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.927506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The circadian rhythm is an endogenous clock system that coordinates and optimizes various physiological and pathophysiological processes, which accord with the master and the peripheral clock. Increasing evidence indicates that endogenous circadian rhythm disruption is involved in the lesion volume and recovery of ischemic stroke. As a critical recovery mechanism in post-stroke, angiogenesis reestablishes the regional blood supply and enhances cognitive and behavioral abilities, which is mainly composed of the following processes: endothelial cell proliferation, migration, and pericyte recruitment. The available evidence revealed that the circadian governs many aspects of angiogenesis. This study reviews the mechanism by which circadian rhythms regulate the process of angiogenesis and its contribution to functional recovery in post-stroke at the aspects of the molecular level. A comprehensive understanding of the circadian clock regulating angiogenesis in post-stroke is expected to develop new strategies for the treatment of cerebral infarction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxing Zhang
- The Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Lijuan Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- The Medical School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Siyang Yan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fukang Zeng
- The Graduate School, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, Changsha, China
| | - Desheng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
- *Correspondence: Desheng Zhou,
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20
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Nelson RJ, Bumgarner JR, Liu JA, Love JA, Meléndez-Fernández OH, Becker-Krail DD, Walker WH, Walton JC, DeVries AC, Prendergast BJ. Time of day as a critical variable in biology. BMC Biol 2022; 20:142. [PMID: 35705939 PMCID: PMC9202143 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-022-01333-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circadian rhythms are important for all aspects of biology; virtually every aspect of biological function varies according to time of day. Although this is well known, variation across the day is also often ignored in the design and reporting of research. For this review, we analyzed the top 50 cited papers across 10 major domains of the biological sciences in the calendar year 2015. We repeated this analysis for the year 2019, hypothesizing that the awarding of a Nobel Prize in 2017 for achievements in the field of circadian biology would highlight the importance of circadian rhythms for scientists across many disciplines, and improve time-of-day reporting. RESULTS Our analyses of these 1000 empirical papers, however, revealed that most failed to include sufficient temporal details when describing experimental methods and that few systematic differences in time-of-day reporting existed between 2015 and 2019. Overall, only 6.1% of reports included time-of-day information about experimental measures and manipulations sufficient to permit replication. CONCLUSIONS Circadian rhythms are a defining feature of biological systems, and knowing when in the circadian day these systems are evaluated is fundamentally important information. Failing to account for time of day hampers reproducibility across laboratories, complicates interpretation of results, and reduces the value of data based predominantly on nocturnal animals when extrapolating to diurnal humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randy J Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
| | - Jacob R Bumgarner
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Jennifer A Liu
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Jharnae A Love
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago and Institute for Mind and Biology, IL, 60637, Chicago, USA
| | - O Hecmarie Meléndez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Darius D Becker-Krail
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - William H Walker
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - James C Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - A Courtney DeVries
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
- Department of Medicine, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA
| | - Brian J Prendergast
- Department of Psychology, University of Chicago and Institute for Mind and Biology, IL, 60637, Chicago, USA
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Ribas-Latre A, Eckel-Mahan K. Nutrients and the Circadian Clock: A Partnership Controlling Adipose Tissue Function and Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:2084. [PMID: 35631227 PMCID: PMC9147080 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
White adipose tissue (WAT) is a metabolic organ with flexibility to retract and expand based on energy storage and utilization needs, processes that are driven via the coordination of different cells within adipose tissue. WAT is comprised of mature adipocytes (MA) and cells of the stromal vascular cell fraction (SVF), which include adipose progenitor cells (APCs), adipose endothelial cells (AEC) and infiltrating immune cells. APCs have the ability to proliferate and undergo adipogenesis to form MA, the main constituents of WAT being predominantly composed of white, triglyceride-storing adipocytes with unilocular lipid droplets. While adiposity and adipose tissue health are controlled by diet and aging, the endogenous circadian (24-h) biological clock of the body is highly active in adipose tissue, from adipocyte progenitor cells to mature adipocytes, and may play a unique role in adipose tissue health and function. To some extent, 24-h rhythms in adipose tissue rely on rhythmic energy intake, but individual circadian clock proteins are also thought to be important for healthy fat. Here we discuss how and why the clock might be so important in this metabolic depot, and how temporal and qualitative aspects of energy intake play important roles in maintaining healthy fat throughout aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleix Ribas-Latre
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig, University Hospital Leipzig, D-04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Kristin Eckel-Mahan
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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22
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Mastrullo V, van der Veen DR, Gupta P, Matos RS, Johnston JD, McVey JH, Madeddu P, Velliou EG, Campagnolo P. Pericytes' Circadian Clock Affects Endothelial Cells' Synchronization and Angiogenesis in a 3D Tissue Engineered Scaffold. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:867070. [PMID: 35387328 PMCID: PMC8977840 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.867070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Angiogenesis, the formation of new capillaries from existing ones, is a fundamental process in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. While it is known to be affected by circadian rhythms in vivo, its peripheral regulation within the vasculature and the role it performs in regulating the interplay between vascular cells have not yet been investigated. Peripheral clocks within the vasculature have been described in the endothelium and in smooth muscle cells. However, to date, scarce evidence has been presented regarding pericytes, a perivascular cell population deeply involved in the regulation of angiogenesis and vessel maturation, as well as endothelial function and homeostasis. More crucially, pericytes are also a promising source of cells for cell therapy and tissue engineering. Here, we established that human primary pericytes express key circadian genes and proteins in a rhythmic fashion upon synchronization. Conversely, we did not detect the same patterns in cultured endothelial cells. In line with these results, pericytes' viability was disproportionately affected by circadian cycle disruption, as compared to endothelial cells. Interestingly, endothelial cells' rhythm could be induced following exposure to synchronized pericytes in a contact co-culture. We propose that this mechanism could be linked to the altered release/uptake pattern of lactate, a known mediator of cell-cell interaction which was specifically altered in pericytes by the knockout of the key circadian regulator Bmal1. In an angiogenesis assay, the maturation of vessel-like structures was affected only when both endothelial cells and pericytes did not express Bmal1, indicating a compensation system. In a 3D tissue engineering scaffold, a synchronized clock supported a more structured organization of cells around the scaffold pores, and a maturation of vascular structures. Our results demonstrate that pericytes play a critical role in regulating the circadian rhythms in endothelial cells, and that silencing this system disproportionately affects their pro-angiogenic function. Particularly, in the context of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, considering the effect of circadian rhythms may be critical for the development of mature vascular structures and to obtain the maximal reparative effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mastrullo
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Chronobiology Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Daan R. van der Veen
- Chronobiology Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Priyanka Gupta
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Rolando S. Matos
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan D. Johnston
- Chronobiology Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - John H. McVey
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini G. Velliou
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
- Centre for 3D Models of Health and Disease, Department of Targeted Intervention, Division of Surgery and Interventional Science, University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- Cardiovascular Section, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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23
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Bryant AJ, Ebrahimi E, Nguyen A, Wolff CA, Gumz ML, Liu AC, Esser KA. A wrinkle in time: circadian biology in pulmonary vascular health and disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2022; 322:L84-L101. [PMID: 34850650 PMCID: PMC8759967 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00037.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An often overlooked element of pulmonary vascular disease is time. Cellular responses to time, which are regulated directly by the core circadian clock, have only recently been elucidated. Despite an extensive collection of data regarding the role of rhythmic contribution to disease pathogenesis (such as systemic hypertension, coronary artery, and renal disease), the roles of key circadian transcription factors in pulmonary hypertension remain understudied. This is despite a large degree of overlap in the pulmonary hypertension and circadian rhythm fields, not only including shared signaling pathways, but also cell-specific effects of the core clock that are known to result in both protective and adverse lung vessel changes. Therefore, the goal of this review is to summarize the current dialogue regarding common pathways in circadian biology, with a specific emphasis on its implications in the progression of pulmonary hypertension. In this work, we emphasize specific proteins involved in the regulation of the core molecular clock while noting the circadian cell-specific changes relevant to vascular remodeling. Finally, we apply this knowledge to the optimization of medical therapy, with a focus on sleep hygiene and the role of chronopharmacology in patients with this disease. In dissecting the unique relationship between time and cellular biology, we aim to provide valuable insight into the practical implications of considering time as a therapeutic variable. Armed with this information, physicians will be positioned to more efficiently use the full four dimensions of patient care, resulting in improved morbidity and mortality of pulmonary hypertension patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Bryant
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Elnaz Ebrahimi
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Amy Nguyen
- 1Department of Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Christopher A. Wolff
- 2Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Michelle L. Gumz
- 2Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew C. Liu
- 2Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Karyn A. Esser
- 2Department of Physiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, Florida
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24
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The Vascular Circadian Clock in Chronic Kidney Disease. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071769. [PMID: 34359937 PMCID: PMC8306728 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is associated with extremely high cardiovascular mortality. The circadian rhythms (CR) have an impact on vascular function. The disruption of CR causes serious health problems and contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases. Uremia may affect the master pacemaker of CR in the hypothalamus. A molecular circadian clock is also expressed in peripheral tissues, including the vasculature, where it regulates the different aspects of both vascular physiology and pathophysiology. Here, we address the impact of CKD on the intrinsic circadian clock in the vasculature. The expression of the core circadian clock genes in the aorta is disrupted in CKD. We propose a novel concept of the disruption of the circadian clock system in the vasculature of importance for the pathology of the uremic vasculopathy.
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25
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Reis-Canaan JC, Canaan MM, Costa PD, Rodrigues-Juliatte TP, Pereira MCA, Castelo PM, Pardi V, M. Murata R, Pereira LJ. Association between Chronotype and Nutritional, Clinical and Sociobehavioral Characteristics of Adults Assisted by a Public Health Care System in Brazil. Nutrients 2021; 13:2260. [PMID: 34209002 PMCID: PMC8308412 DOI: 10.3390/nu13072260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronotype (CT) has been associated with predisposition to chronic noncommunicable diseases (CNCDs), such as diabetes mellitus and obesity. However, the effects of CT on individuals assisted by public health systems (PHSs) in middle-up economies are still poorly explored. The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between CT and clinical, sociobehavioral and nutritional aspects in adults assisted by a PHS in Brazil. This is a population-based cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 380 individuals, selected through probabilistic sampling by clusters, in all health units in a city of approximately 100 thousand inhabitants. Data collection was performed during home visits, by means of general and nutritional interviews, anthropometric measurements and the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ). Statistical analysis comprised chi-square test and principal component analysis (CPA) followed by Fisher's discriminant analysis to determine aspects associated with each CT (morning, evening or intermediate). With the aim of explaining the variation in the CT scores, the consumption of micronutrients (corrected to the total energy intake) and other individual and sociodemographic variables were used as explanatory factors in the adjustment of a linear regression model. The morning group was characterized by older men, with less than eight years of schooling, with low body mass index (BMI) and with low intake of omega-6, omega-3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin. The evening group, on the other hand, was composed of younger individuals, with a high consumption of these same nutrients, with high BMI and a higher frequency of heart diseases (p < 0.05). It was concluded that most morning CT individuals were elderly thin males with lower consumption of omega-6 and -3, sodium, zinc, thiamine, pyridoxine and niacin, whereas evening individuals were younger, had higher BMI and had higher consumption of the studied micronutrients. The identification of circadian and behavioral risk groups can help to provide preventive and multidisciplinary health promotion measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana C. Reis-Canaan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Marcelo M. Canaan
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Patrícia D. Costa
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Tamires P. Rodrigues-Juliatte
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Michel C. A. Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
| | - Paula M. Castelo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP), Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Vanessa Pardi
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Ramiro M. Murata
- Department of Foundational Sciences, School of Dental Medicine, East Carolina University (ECU), Greenville, NC 27834, USA;
| | - Luciano J. Pereira
- Health Sciences Faculty, Universidade Federal de Lavras (UFLA), Lavras 37200-900, MG, Brazil; (J.C.R.-C.); (M.M.C.); (P.D.C.); (T.P.R.-J.); (M.C.A.P.)
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26
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Su J, Yu Q, Yang J, Zheng N, Zhong J, Ji L, Li J, Chen X. The association of polymorphisms in related circadian rhythm genes and clopidogrel resistance susceptibility. Basic Clin Pharmacol Toxicol 2021; 129:196-209. [PMID: 34117726 DOI: 10.1111/bcpt.13622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have confirmed that a dynamic change in circadian rhythm will affect platelet activity, resulting in clopidogrel resistance (CR). We attempted to evaluate whether polymorphisms of related circadian rhythm genes are involved in CR in stable coronary artery disease (SCAD) patients. A sum of 204 SCAD patients met our requirements and were recruited, and 96 patients were considered to have CR. After clinical data collection and platelet function evaluation, genomic DNA was isolated from human peripheral blood, and 23 tagSNPs from related circadian rhythm genes were genotyped by GenomeLab SNPstream Genotyping System. After RNA isolation, relative expression of related gene mRNAs (CLOCK, CRY1, CACNA1C and PRKCG) was measured by real-time PCR. The results showed that polymorphisms in CRY1, CACNA1C and PRKCG changed the response to clopidogrel. And then, the rs1801260 polymorphism might lead to higher mRNA expression in CLOCK and potentially induce the occurrence of CR. Additionally, the TC genotype of rs3745406 might lower mRNA expression of PRKCG, resulting in CR. These findings support the hypothesized role of circadian rhythm genes in CR and indicate probable biomarkers for CR susceptibility, providing new insight into individualized medicine for coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Su
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Qinglin Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Internal Medicine, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, China
| | - Nan Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, China.,Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jinyan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lindan Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, China
| | - Jiyi Li
- Department of Cardiology, Yuyao People's Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Yuyao, China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo No. 1 Hospital, Ningbo, China
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Meléndez-Fernández OH, Walton JC, DeVries AC, Nelson RJ. Clocks, Rhythms, Sex, and Hearts: How Disrupted Circadian Rhythms, Time-of-Day, and Sex Influence Cardiovascular Health. Biomolecules 2021; 11:883. [PMID: 34198706 PMCID: PMC8232105 DOI: 10.3390/biom11060883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the top cause of mortality in the United States, and ischemic heart disease accounts for 16% of all deaths around the world. Modifiable risk factors such as diet and exercise have often been primary targets in addressing these conditions. However, mounting evidence suggests that environmental factors that disrupt physiological rhythms might contribute to the development of these diseases, as well as contribute to increasing other risk factors that are typically associated with cardiovascular disease. Exposure to light at night, transmeridian travel, and social jetlag disrupt endogenous circadian rhythms, which, in turn, alter carefully orchestrated bodily functioning, and elevate the risk of disease and injury. Research into how disrupted circadian rhythms affect physiology and behavior has begun to reveal the intricacies of how seemingly innocuous environmental and social factors have dramatic consequences on mammalian physiology and behavior. Despite the new focus on the importance of circadian rhythms, and how disrupted circadian rhythms contribute to cardiovascular diseases, many questions in this field remain unanswered. Further, neither time-of-day nor sex as a biological variable have been consistently and thoroughly taken into account in previous studies of circadian rhythm disruption and cardiovascular disease. In this review, we will first discuss biological rhythms and the master temporal regulator that controls these rhythms, focusing on the cardiovascular system, its rhythms, and the pathology associated with its disruption, while emphasizing the importance of the time-of-day as a variable that directly affects outcomes in controlled studies, and how temporal data will inform clinical practice and influence personalized medicine. Finally, we will discuss evidence supporting the existence of sex differences in cardiovascular function and outcomes following an injury, and highlight the need for consistent inclusion of both sexes in studies that aim to understand cardiovascular function and improve cardiovascular health.
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Affiliation(s)
- O. Hecmarie Meléndez-Fernández
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; (J.C.W.); (R.J.N.)
| | - James C. Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; (J.C.W.); (R.J.N.)
| | - A. Courtney DeVries
- Department of Medicine, Division of Oncology/Hematology, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA;
- West Virginia University Cancer Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA
| | - Randy J. Nelson
- Department of Neuroscience, Rockefeller Neuroscience Institute, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV 26505, USA; (J.C.W.); (R.J.N.)
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28
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Circadian rhythms of mineral metabolism in chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2021; 29:367-377. [PMID: 32452917 DOI: 10.1097/mnh.0000000000000611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The circadian rhythms have a systemic impact on all aspects of physiology. Kidney diseases are associated with extremely high-cardiovascular mortality, related to chronic kidney disease-mineral bone disorder (CKD-MBD), involving bone, parathyroids and vascular calcification. Disruption of circadian rhythms may cause serious health problems, contributing to development of cardiovascular diseases, metabolic syndrome, cancer, organ fibrosis, osteopenia and aging. Evidence of disturbed circadian rhythms in CKD-MBD parameters and organs involved is emerging and will be discussed in this review. RECENT FINDINGS Kidney injury induces unstable behavioral circadian rhythm. Potentially, uremic toxins may affect the master-pacemaker of circadian rhythm in hypothalamus. In CKD disturbances in the circadian rhythms of CKD-MBD plasma-parameters, activin A, fibroblast growth factor 23, parathyroid hormone, phosphate have been demonstrated. A molecular circadian clock is also expressed in peripheral tissues, involved in CKD-MBD; vasculature, parathyroids and bone. Expression of the core circadian clock genes in the different tissues is disrupted in CKD-MBD. SUMMARY Disturbed circadian rhythms is a novel feature of CKD-MBD. There is a need to establish which specific input determines the phase of the local molecular clock and to characterize its regulation and deregulation in tissues involved in CKD-MBD. Finally, it is important to establish what are the implications for treatment including the potential applications for chronotherapy.
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29
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Zhang SL, Lahens NF, Yue Z, Arnold DM, Pakstis PP, Schwarz JE, Sehgal A. A circadian clock regulates efflux by the blood-brain barrier in mice and human cells. Nat Commun 2021; 12:617. [PMID: 33504784 PMCID: PMC7841146 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20795-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is critical for neural function. We report here circadian regulation of the BBB in mammals. Efflux of xenobiotics by the BBB oscillates in mice, with highest levels during the active phase and lowest during the resting phase. This oscillation is abrogated in circadian clock mutants. To elucidate mechanisms of circadian regulation, we profiled the transcriptome of brain endothelial cells; interestingly, we detected limited circadian regulation of transcription, with no evident oscillations in efflux transporters. We recapitulated the cycling of xenobiotic efflux using a human microvascular endothelial cell line to find that the molecular clock drives cycling of intracellular magnesium through transcriptional regulation of TRPM7, which appears to contribute to the rhythm in efflux. Our findings suggest that considering circadian regulation may be important when therapeutically targeting efflux transporter substrates to the CNS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley L Zhang
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Nicholas F Lahens
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics (ITMAT), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Zhifeng Yue
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Denice M Arnold
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter P Pakstis
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jessica E Schwarz
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amita Sehgal
- Chronobiology and Sleep Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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30
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Circadian Rhythm: Potential Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020676. [PMID: 33445491 PMCID: PMC7827891 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Every organism has an intrinsic biological rhythm that orchestrates biological processes in adjusting to daily environmental changes. Circadian rhythms are maintained by networks of molecular clocks throughout the core and peripheral tissues, including immune cells, blood vessels, and perivascular adipose tissues. Recent findings have suggested strong correlations between the circadian clock and cardiovascular diseases. Desynchronization between the circadian rhythm and body metabolism contributes to the development of cardiovascular diseases including arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. Circadian rhythms are involved in controlling inflammatory processes and metabolisms, which can influence the pathology of arteriosclerosis and thrombosis. Circadian clock genes are critical in maintaining the robust relationship between diurnal variation and the cardiovascular system. The circadian machinery in the vascular system may be a novel therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The research on circadian rhythms in cardiovascular diseases is still progressing. In this review, we briefly summarize recent studies on circadian rhythms and cardiovascular homeostasis, focusing on the circadian control of inflammatory processes and metabolisms. Based on the recent findings, we discuss the potential target molecules for future therapeutic strategies against cardiovascular diseases by targeting the circadian clock.
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31
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Morris H, Gonçalves CF, Dudek M, Hoyland J, Meng QJ. Tissue physiology revolving around the clock: circadian rhythms as exemplified by the intervertebral disc. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:828-839. [PMID: 33397731 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-219515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Circadian clocks in the brain and peripheral tissues temporally coordinate local physiology to align with the 24 hours rhythmic environment through light/darkness, rest/activity and feeding/fasting cycles. Circadian disruptions (during ageing, shift work and jet-lag) have been proposed as a risk factor for degeneration and disease of tissues, including the musculoskeletal system. The intervertebral disc (IVD) in the spine separates the bony vertebrae and permits movement of the spinal column. IVD degeneration is highly prevalent among the ageing population and is a leading cause of lower back pain. The IVD is known to experience diurnal changes in loading patterns driven by the circadian rhythm in rest/activity cycles. In recent years, emerging evidence indicates the existence of molecular circadian clocks within the IVD, disruption to which accelerates tissue ageing and predispose animals to IVD degeneration. The cell-intrinsic circadian clocks in the IVD control key aspects of physiology and pathophysiology by rhythmically regulating the expression of ~3.5% of the IVD transcriptome, allowing cells to cope with the drastic biomechanical and chemical changes that occur throughout the day. Indeed, epidemiological studies on long-term shift workers have shown an increased incidence of lower back pain. In this review, we summarise recent findings of circadian rhythms in health and disease, with the IVD as an exemplar tissue system. We focus on rhythmic IVD functions and discuss implications of utilising biological timing mechanisms to improve tissue health and mitigate degeneration. These findings may have broader implications in chronic rheumatic conditions, given the recent findings of musculoskeletal circadian clocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honor Morris
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Cátia F Gonçalves
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michal Dudek
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Judith Hoyland
- Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK .,NIHR Manchester Musculoskeletal Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester University, NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Qing-Jun Meng
- Wellcome Centre for Cell Matrix Research, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK .,Division of Cell Matrix Biology and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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32
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Cherubini JM, Cheng JL, Williams JS, MacDonald MJ. Sleep deprivation and endothelial function: reconciling seminal evidence with recent perspectives. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2020; 320:H29-H35. [PMID: 33064569 DOI: 10.1152/ajpheart.00607.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sleep is critical for the maintenance of physiological homeostasis and, as such, inadequate sleep beckons a myriad of pathologies. Sleep deprivation is a growing health concern in contemporary society since short sleep durations are associated with increased cardiovascular disease risk and atherosclerotic plaque development. Vascular endothelial dysfunction is an antecedent to atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Herein, we review seminal literature indicating that short sleep durations attenuate endothelial function and explore more recent evidence indicating that sleep deprivation perturbs autonomic balance and the circadian rhythmicity of peripheral vascular clock components. We further examine literature that indicates a mechanistic link between short sleep duration and endothelial dysfunction and subsequent morbidity. Understanding the mechanisms that regulate endothelial function in the context of sleep deprivation facilitates the development and optimization of interventions, such as exercise, that mitigate the ramifications of inadequate sleep on vascular function and cardiovascular health.Listen to this article's corresponding podcast at https://ajpheart.podbean.com/e/sleep-deprivation-and-endothelial-function/.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jem L Cheng
- Vascular Dynamics Lab, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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33
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Zhang Z, Yu B, Wang X, Luo C, Zhou T, Zheng X, Ding J. Circadian rhythm and atherosclerosis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:96. [PMID: 32973945 PMCID: PMC7506962 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The underlying pathogenesis involves multiple metabolic disorders, endothelial dysfunction and a maladaptive immune response, and leads to chronic arterial wall inflammation. Numerous normal physiological activities exhibit daily rhythmicity, including energy metabolism, vascular function and inflammatory immunoreactions, and disrupted or misaligned circadian rhythms may promote the progression of atherosclerosis. However, the association between the circadian rhythm and atherosclerosis remains to be fully elucidated. In the present review, the effects of the circadian rhythm on atherosclerosis progression are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiqiang Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Bin Yu
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Xinan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Caiyun Luo
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Tian Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Xiaxia Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
| | - Jiawang Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First College of Clinical Medical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei 443000, P.R. China
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34
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Mastrullo V, Cathery W, Velliou E, Madeddu P, Campagnolo P. Angiogenesis in Tissue Engineering: As Nature Intended? Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:188. [PMID: 32266227 PMCID: PMC7099606 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the steady increase in the number of studies focusing on the development of tissue engineered constructs, solutions delivered to the clinic are still limited. Specifically, the lack of mature and functional vasculature greatly limits the size and complexity of vascular scaffold models. If tissue engineering aims to replace large portions of tissue with the intention of repairing significant defects, a more thorough understanding of the mechanisms and players regulating the angiogenic process is required in the field. This review will present the current material and technological advancements addressing the imperfect formation of mature blood vessels within tissue engineered structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Mastrullo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - William Cathery
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Eirini Velliou
- Bioprocess and Biochemical Engineering Group (BioProChem), Department of Chemical and Process Engineering, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Madeddu
- Experimental Cardiovascular Medicine, Bristol Heart Institute, Bristol Royal Infirmary, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Paola Campagnolo
- Section of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Biochemical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, United Kingdom
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Li H, Kilgallen AB, Münzel T, Wolf E, Lecour S, Schulz R, Daiber A, Van Laake LW. Influence of mental stress and environmental toxins on circadian clocks: Implications for redox regulation of the heart and cardioprotection. Br J Pharmacol 2020; 177:5393-5412. [PMID: 31833063 PMCID: PMC7680009 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and mental stress contribute to the development of chronic non-communicable disease. Air pollution was identified as the leading health risk factor in the physical environment, followed by water pollution, soil pollution/heavy metals/chemicals and occupational exposures, however neglecting the non-chemical environmental health risk factors (e.g. mental stress and noise). Epidemiological data suggest that environmental risk factors are associated with higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic and mental diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, depression and anxiety disorders. We provide an overview on the impact of the external exposome comprising risk factors/exposures on cardiovascular health with a focus on dysregulation of stress hormones, mitochondrial function, redox balance and inflammation with special emphasis on the circadian clock. Finally, we assess the impact of circadian clock dysregulation on cardiovascular health and the potential of environment-specific preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. LINKED ARTICLES: This article is part of a themed issue on Risk factors, comorbidities, and comedications in cardioprotection. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v177.23/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Daiber
- Center of Cardiology 1, Molecular Cardiology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany.,German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht and Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Abstract
The Earth turns on its axis every 24 h; almost all life on the planet has a mechanism - circadian rhythmicity - to anticipate the daily changes caused by this rotation. The molecular clocks that control circadian rhythms are being revealed as important regulators of physiology and disease. In humans, circadian rhythms have been studied extensively in the cardiovascular system. Many cardiovascular functions, such as endothelial function, thrombus formation, blood pressure and heart rate, are now known to be regulated by the circadian clock. Additionally, the onset of acute myocardial infarction, stroke, arrhythmias and other adverse cardiovascular events show circadian rhythmicity. In this Review, we summarize the role of the circadian clock in all major cardiovascular cell types and organs. Second, we discuss the role of circadian rhythms in cardiovascular physiology and disease. Finally, we postulate how circadian rhythms can serve as a therapeutic target by exploiting or altering molecular time to improve existing therapies and develop novel ones.
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37
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The circadian clock control of adipose tissue physiology and metabolism. Auton Neurosci 2019; 219:66-70. [DOI: 10.1016/j.autneu.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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38
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Brunkhorst R, Pfeilschifter W, Rajkovic N, Pfeffer M, Fischer C, Korf HW, Christoffersen C, Trautmann S, Thomas D, Pfeilschifter J, Koch A. Diurnal regulation of sphingolipids in blood. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2019; 1864:304-311. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Crnko S, Cour M, Van Laake LW, Lecour S. Vasculature on the clock: Circadian rhythm and vascular dysfunction. Vascul Pharmacol 2018; 108:1-7. [PMID: 29778521 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2018.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2017] [Revised: 04/23/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The master mammalian circadian clock (i.e. central clock), located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus, orchestrates the synchronization of the daily behavioural and physiological rhythms to better adapt the organism to the external environment in an anticipatory manner. This central clock is entrained by a variety of signals, the best established being light and food. However, circadian cycles are not simply the consequences of these two cues but are generated by endogenous circadian clocks. Indeed, clock machinery is found in mainly all tissues and cell types, including cells of the vascular system such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells and stem cells. This machinery physiologically contributes to modulate the daily vascular function, and its disturbance therefore plays a major role in the pathophysiology of vascular dysfunction. Therapies targeting the circadian rhythm may therefore be of benefit against vascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Crnko
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Martin Cour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular research in Africa and Lionel Opie Preclinical Imaging Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Linda W Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs and Regenerative Medicine Center, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular research in Africa and Lionel Opie Preclinical Imaging Core Facility, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, South Africa.
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40
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Takagi H, Ando T, Umemoto T. Meta-Analysis of Circadian Variation in the Onset of Acute Aortic Dissection. Am J Cardiol 2017; 120:1662-1666. [PMID: 28847596 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjcard.2017.07.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Circadian variation in the onset of acute aortic dissection (AAD) has been less investigated than other cardiovascular diseases. We performed a meta-analysis to assess the presence of an circadian rhythmic variability of AAD onset. Eligible studies were observational studies enrolling patients with AAD and reporting a circadian variation in AAD. Study-specific estimates, that is, 2-hour incidence of AAD, were combined using the random-effects model. Chronobiological analysis (analysis of circadian rhythmicity) was performed by applying a partial Fourier series to the pooled 2-hour incidence using the weighted least-squares method. We identified 7 eligible studies enrolling a total of 1,827 patients with AAD. Pooled 2-hour period incidence of AAD was 3.4% in 0:00 to 2:00, 4.8% in 2:00 to 4:00, 5.4% in 4:00 to 6:00, 9.6% in 6:00 to 8:00, 13.8% in 8:00 to 10:00, 11.1% in 10:00 to 12:00, 8.1% in 12:00 to 14:00, 8.9% in 14:00 to 16:00, 8.8% in 16:00 to 18:00, 7.0% in 18:00 to 20:00, 8.1% in 20:00 to 22:00), and 5.5% in 22:00 to 24:00. Chronobiological analysis (nonlinear Fourier rhythm analysis) identified a significant (p = 0.0082) circadian pattern in the occurrence of AAD with a peak in 8:00 to 10:00 and a nadir in 0:00 to 2:00. Pooled analysis demonstrated significantly more incidence in 8:00 to 10:00 than in 0:00 to 2:00 (risk ratio 3.59, 95% confidence interval 2.19 to 5.90, p<0.00001). The incidence of AAD was 8.8%, 15.5%, 25.0%, 17.7%, 16.1%, and 13.8% in 0:00 to 4:00, 4:00 to 8:00, 8:00 to 12:00, 12:00 to 16:00, 16:00 to 20:00, and 20:00 to 24:00, respectively. A significant circadian pattern was found in the occurrence of AAD with a peak in 8:00 to 10:00 and a nadir in 0:00 to 2:00.
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Roumenina LT, Rayes J, Frimat M, Fremeaux-Bacchi V. Endothelial cells: source, barrier, and target of defensive mediators. Immunol Rev 2017; 274:307-329. [PMID: 27782324 DOI: 10.1111/imr.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Endothelium is strategically located at the interface between blood and interstitial tissues, placing thus endothelial cell as a key player in vascular homeostasis. Endothelial cells are in a dynamic equilibrium with their environment and constitute concomitantly a source, a barrier, and a target of defensive mediators. This review will discuss the recent advances in our understanding of the complex crosstalk between the endothelium, the complement system and the hemostasis in health and in disease. The first part will provide a general introduction on endothelial cells heterogeneity and on the physiologic role of the complement and hemostatic systems. The second part will analyze the interplay between complement, hemostasis and endothelial cells in physiological conditions and their alterations in diseases. Particular focus will be made on the prototypes of thrombotic microangiopathic disorders, resulting from complement or hemostasis dysregulation-mediated endothelial damage: atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome and thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura. Novel aspects of the pathophysiology of the thrombotic microangiopathies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubka T Roumenina
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris-6) and Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Julie Rayes
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Marie Frimat
- INSERM UMR 995, Lille, France.,Nephrology Department, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Veronique Fremeaux-Bacchi
- INSERM UMRS 1138, Cordeliers Research Center, Université Pierre et Marie Curie (UPMC-Paris-6) and Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris-Cité, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Immunologie Biologique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Paris, France
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42
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Durgan DJ, Crossland RF, Bryan RM. The rat cerebral vasculature exhibits time-of-day-dependent oscillations in circadian clock genes and vascular function that are attenuated following obstructive sleep apnea. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2017; 37:2806-2819. [PMID: 27798273 PMCID: PMC5536790 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x16675879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Circadian clock components oscillate in cells of the cardiovascular system. Disruption of these oscillations has been observed in cardiovascular diseases. We hypothesized that obstructive sleep apnea, which is associated with cerebrovascular diseases, disrupts the cerebrovascular circadian clock and rhythms in vascular function. Apneas were produced in rats during sleep. Following two weeks of sham or obstructive sleep apnea, cerebral arteries were isolated over 24 h for mRNA and functional analysis. mRNA expression of clock genes exhibited 24-h rhythms in cerebral arteries of sham rats (p < 0.05). Interestingly, peak expression of clock genes was significantly lower following obstructive sleep apnea (p < 0.05). Obstructive sleep apnea did not alter clock genes in the heart, or rhythms in locomotor activity. Isolated posterior cerebral arteries from sham rats exhibited a diurnal rhythm in sensitivity to luminally applied ATP, being most responsive at the beginning of the active phase (p < 0.05). This rhythm was absent in arteries from obstructive sleep apnea rats (p < 0.05). Rhythms in ATP sensitivity in sham vessels were absent, and not different from obstructive sleep apnea, following treatment with L-NAME and indomethacin. We conclude that cerebral arteries possess a functional circadian clock and exhibit a diurnal rhythm in vasoreactivity to ATP. Obstructive sleep apnea attenuates these rhythms in cerebral arteries, potentially contributing to obstructive sleep apnea-associated cerebrovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Durgan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Randy F Crossland
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
| | - Robert M Bryan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, USA
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43
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McAlpine CS, Swirski FK. Circadian Influence on Metabolism and Inflammation in Atherosclerosis. Circ Res 2017; 119:131-41. [PMID: 27340272 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.116.308034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Many aspects of human health and disease display daily rhythmicity. The brain's suprachiasmic nucleus, which interprets recurring external stimuli, and autonomous molecular networks in peripheral cells together, set our biological circadian clock. Disrupted or misaligned circadian rhythms promote multiple pathologies including chronic inflammatory and metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis. Here, we discuss studies suggesting that circadian fluctuations in the vessel wall and in the circulation contribute to atherogenesis. Data from humans and mice indicate that an impaired molecular clock, disturbed sleep, and shifting light-dark patterns influence leukocyte and lipid supply in the circulation and alter cellular behavior in atherosclerotic lesions. We propose that a better understanding of both local and systemic circadian rhythms in atherosclerosis will enhance clinical management, treatment, and public health policy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron S McAlpine
- From the Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston.
| | - Filip K Swirski
- From the Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston
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44
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Saito T. The vascular clock system generates the intrinsic circadian rhythm of vascular contractility. J Smooth Muscle Res 2016; 51:95-106. [PMID: 26935878 PMCID: PMC5137311 DOI: 10.1540/jsmr.51.95] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many of the cardiovascular parameters or incidences of coronary artery diseases display circadian variations. These day/night time variances may be attributable to the diurnal change in vascular contractility. However, the molecular mechanism of the vascular clock system which generates the circadian variation of vascular contractility has remained largely unknown. Recently we found the existence of the intrinsic circadian rhythm in vascular contractility. A clock gene Rorα in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) provokes the diurnal oscillatory change in the expression of Rho-associated kinase 2 (ROCK2), which induces the time-of-day-dependent variation in the agonist-induced phosphorylation of myosin light chain (MLC) and myofilament Ca(2+) sensitization. In this review, we introduce our recent findings with reference to the molecular basis of the biological clock system and the current literature concerning cardiovascular chronobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiro Saito
- Division of Molecular Cardiology, Research Institute of Angiocardiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Japan
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45
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Ramasamy SK, Kusumbe AP, Itkin T, Gur-Cohen S, Lapidot T, Adams RH. Regulation of Hematopoiesis and Osteogenesis by Blood Vessel-Derived Signals. Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 2016; 32:649-675. [PMID: 27576121 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-cellbio-111315-124936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In addition to their conventional role as a versatile transport system, blood vessels provide signals controlling organ development, regeneration, and stem cell behavior. In the skeletal system, certain capillaries support perivascular osteoprogenitor cells and thereby control bone formation. Blood vessels are also a critical component of niche microenvironments for hematopoietic stem cells. Here we discuss key pathways and factors controlling endothelial cell behavior in bone, the role of vessels in osteogenesis, and the nature of vascular stem cell niches in bone marrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saravana K Ramasamy
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48169 Münster, Germany; .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Anjali P Kusumbe
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48169 Münster, Germany; .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Tomer Itkin
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel;
| | - Shiri Gur-Cohen
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel;
| | - Tsvee Lapidot
- Department of Immunology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100, Israel;
| | - Ralf H Adams
- Department of Tissue Morphogenesis, Max Planck Institute for Molecular Biomedicine, D-48169 Münster, Germany; .,Faculty of Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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46
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Shimizu I, Yoshida Y, Minamino T. A role for circadian clock in metabolic disease. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:483-91. [DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2016] [Revised: 01/17/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Takeda N, Maemura K. Circadian clock and the onset of cardiovascular events. Hypertens Res 2016; 39:383-90. [PMID: 26888119 DOI: 10.1038/hr.2016.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 01/11/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The onset of cardiovascular diseases often shows time-of-day variation. Acute myocardial infarction or ventricular arrhythmia such as ventricular tachycardia occurs mainly in the early morning. Multiple biochemical and physiological parameters show circadian rhythm, which may account for the diurnal variation of cardiovascular events. These include the variations in blood pressure, activity of the autonomic nervous system and renin-angiotensin axis, coagulation cascade, vascular tone and the intracellular metabolism of cardiomyocytes. Importantly, the molecular clock system seems to underlie the circadian variation of these parameters. The center of the biological clock, also known as the central clock, exists in the suprachiasmatic nucleus. In contrast, the molecular clock system is also activated in each cell of the peripheral organs and constitute the peripheral clock. The biological clock system is currently considered to have a beneficial role in maintaining the homeostasis of each organ. Discoordination, however, between the peripheral clock and external environment could potentially underlie the development of cardiovascular events. Therefore, understanding the molecular and cellular pathways by which cardiovascular events occur in a diurnal oscillatory pattern will help the establishment of a novel therapeutic approach to the management of cardiovascular disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norihiko Takeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koji Maemura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki, Japan
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48
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Bhatwadekar AD, Yan Y, Stepps V, Hazra S, Korah M, Bartelmez S, Chaqour B, Grant MB. miR-92a Corrects CD34+ Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes by Modulating Core Circadian Genes Involved in Progenitor Differentiation. Diabetes 2015; 64:4226-37. [PMID: 26283734 PMCID: PMC4876760 DOI: 10.2337/db15-0521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autologous CD34(+) cells are widely used for vascular repair; however, in individuals with diabetes and microvascular disease these cells are dysfunctional. In this study, we examine expression of the clock genes Clock, Bmal, Per1, Per2, Cry1, and Cry2 in CD34(+) cells of diabetic and nondiabetic origin and determine the small encoding RNA (miRNA) profile of these cells. The degree of diabetic retinopathy (DR) was assessed. As CD34(+) cells acquired mature endothelial markers, they exhibit robust oscillations of clock genes. siRNA treatment of CD34(+) cells revealed Per2 as the only clock gene necessary to maintain the undifferentiated state of CD34(+) cells. Twenty-five miRNAs targeting clock genes were identified. Three of the miRNAs (miR-18b, miR-16, and miR-34c) were found only in diabetic progenitors. The expression of the Per2-regulatory miRNA, miR-92a, was markedly reduced in CD34(+) cells from individuals with DR compared with control subjects and patients with diabetes with no DR. Restoration of miR-92a levels in CD34(+) cells from patients with diabetes with DR reduced the inflammatory phenotype of these cells and the diabetes-induced propensity toward myeloid differentiation. Our studies suggest that restoring levels of miR-92a could enhance the usefulness of CD34(+) cells in autologous cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuanqing Yan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Sugata Hazra
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | - Maria Korah
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
| | | | - Brahim Chaqour
- Department of Cell Biology, State University of New York Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY
| | - Maria B Grant
- Department of Ophthalmology, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN
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49
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Arı H, Sonmez O, Koc F, Alıhanoglu Y, Ozdemır K, Vatankulu MA. Circadian Rhythm of Infarct Size and Left Ventricular Function Evaluated with Tissue Doppler Echocardiography in ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction. Heart Lung Circ 2015; 25:250-6. [PMID: 26475647 DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2015.06.833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We aimed to investigate the circadian rhythm on left ventricular (LV) function and infarct size, according to the onset of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI), with echocardiography in patients with first STEMI successfully revascularised with primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). METHODS We conducted a retrospective analysis of 252 STEMI patients. Patients were divided into the four, six-hour periods of the day. Conventional and tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) echocardiography were performed within 48hours after onset of chest pain. The average of peak systolic myocardial velocities (Sm) in each of the four myocardial segments and LV ejection fraction (LVEF) were calculated. RESULTS A negative linear correlation was shown between CK-MB levels and Sm (r= -0.209, p=0.001). There was an oscillation between time of day and average of Sm. The lowest Sm and largest infarct size were in the period of 06:00-noon compared with period of noon-18:00 and 18:00-midnight (p=0.029 and p=0.031, respectively). A secondary analysis showed that both LVEF and Sm were lower in the midnight-noon group compared with the noon-midnight group (44.9±7.3% versus 47.3±7.9%, p=0.018, and 7.6±1.4cm/s versus 8.2±1.6cm/s, p=0.003, respectively). CONCLUSIONS This study has shown that there was a circadian rhythm of infarct size and LV function evaluated by echocardiography according to time of STEMI onset. The largest infarct size and poor LV function occurred in the midnight-noon period, in particular in the 06:00-noon period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hatem Arı
- Suleyman Demirel University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Isparta/Turkey
| | - Osman Sonmez
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Istanbul/Turkey
| | - Fatih Koc
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya/Turkey
| | - Yusuf Alıhanoglu
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya/Turkey
| | - Kurtulus Ozdemır
- Selcuk University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Konya/Turkey
| | - Mehmet Akif Vatankulu
- Bezmialem Vakif University, Faculty of Medicine, Cardiology Department, Istanbul/Turkey.
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50
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Abstract
Circadian rhythms have a major role in physiology and behavior. Circadian disruption has negative consequences for physiologic homeostasis at molecular, cellular, organ-system, and whole-organism levels. The onset of many cerebrovascular insults shows circadian temporal trends. Impaired sleep-wake cycle, the most robust output rhythms of the circadian system, is significantly affected by neurodegenerative disorders, may precede them by decades, and may also affect their progression. Emerging evidence suggests that circadian disruption may be a risk factor for these neurologic disorders. This article discusses the implications of circadian rhythms in brain disorders, with an emphasis on cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandar Videnovic
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 165 Cambridge Street, Suite 600, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
| | - Phyllis C Zee
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Abbott Hall 11th Floor, 710 North Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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