1
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de la Fuente-Vivas D, Cappitelli V, García-Gómez R, Valero-Díaz S, Amato C, Rodriguéz J, Duro-Sánchez S, von Kriegsheim A, Grusch M, Lozano J, Arribas J, Casar B, Crespo P. ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinase dimerization is essential for the regulation of cell motility. Mol Oncol 2024. [PMID: 39263917 DOI: 10.1002/1878-0261.13732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/29/2024] [Indexed: 09/13/2024] Open
Abstract
ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinases (ERK) are key regulators of basic cellular processes, including proliferation, survival, and migration. Upon phosphorylation, ERK becomes activated and a portion of it dimerizes. The importance of ERK activation in specific cellular events is generally well documented, but the role played by dimerization is largely unknown. Here, we demonstrate that impeding ERK dimerization precludes cellular movement by interfering with the molecular machinery that executes the rearrangements of the actin cytoskeleton. We also show that a constitutively dimeric ERK mutant can drive cell motility per se, demonstrating that ERK dimerization is both necessary and sufficient for inducing cellular migration. Importantly, we unveil that the scaffold protein kinase suppressor of Ras 1 (KSR1) is a critical element for endowing external agonists, acting through tyrosine kinase receptors, with the capacity to induce ERK dimerization and, subsequently, to unleash cellular motion. In agreement, clinical data disclose that high KSR1 expression levels correlate with greater metastatic potential and adverse evolution of mammary tumors. Overall, our results portray both ERK dimerization and KSR1 as essential factors for the regulation of cell motility and mammary tumor dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalia de la Fuente-Vivas
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Cappitelli
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Rocío García-Gómez
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Valero-Díaz
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Camilla Amato
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Javier Rodriguéz
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Santiago Duro-Sánchez
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexander von Kriegsheim
- Cancer Research UK Scotland Centre, Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, UK
| | - Michael Grusch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - José Lozano
- Universidad de Málaga and Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga y Plataforma en Nanomedicina - IBIMA, Plataforma Bionand, Spain
| | - Joaquín Arribas
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat Autónoma de Barcelona, Spain
- Preclinical and Translational Research Program, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Berta Casar
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Piero Crespo
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (IBBTEC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) - Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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2
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Wang Y, Zhao M, Liu X, Xu B, Reddy GR, Jovanovic A, Wang Q, Zhu C, Xu H, Bayne EF, Xiang W, Tilley DG, Ge Y, Tate CG, Feil R, Chiu JC, Bers DM, Xiang YK. Carvedilol Activates a Myofilament Signaling Circuitry to Restore Cardiac Contractility in Heart Failure. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2024; 9:982-1001. [PMID: 39297139 PMCID: PMC11405995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacbts.2024.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorylation of myofilament proteins critically regulates beat-to-beat cardiac contraction and is typically altered in heart failure (HF). β-Adrenergic activation induces phosphorylation in numerous substrates at the myofilament. Nevertheless, how cardiac β-adrenoceptors (βARs) signal to the myofilament in healthy and diseased hearts remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to uncover the spatiotemporal regulation of local βAR signaling at the myofilament and thus identify a potential therapeutic target for HF. Phosphoproteomic analysis of substrate phosphorylation induced by different βAR ligands in mouse hearts was performed. Genetically encoded biosensors were used to characterize cyclic adenosine and guanosine monophosphate signaling and the impacts on excitation-contraction coupling induced by β1AR ligands at both the cardiomyocyte and whole-heart levels. Myofilament signaling circuitry was identified, including protein kinase G1 (PKG1)-dependent phosphorylation of myosin light chain kinase, myosin phosphatase target subunit 1, and myosin light chain at the myofilaments. The increased phosphorylation of myosin light chain enhances cardiac contractility, with a minimal increase in calcium (Ca2+) cycling. This myofilament signaling paradigm is promoted by carvedilol-induced β1AR-nitric oxide synthetase 3 (NOS3)-dependent cyclic guanosine monophosphate signaling, drawing a parallel to the β1AR-cyclic adenosine monophosphate-protein kinase A pathway. In patients with HF and a mouse HF model of myocardial infarction, increasing expression and association of NOS3 with β1AR were observed. Stimulating β1AR-NOS3-PKG1 signaling increased cardiac contraction in the mouse HF model. This research has characterized myofilament β1AR-PKG1-dependent signaling circuitry to increase phosphorylation of myosin light chain and enhance cardiac contractility, with a minimal increase in Ca2+ cycling. The present findings raise the possibility of targeting this myofilament signaling circuitry for treatment of patients with HF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meimi Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Xianhui Liu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, California, USA
| | - Gopireddy R Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Aleksandra Jovanovic
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Qingtong Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Chaoqun Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Heli Xu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Elizabeth F Bayne
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Wenjing Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Douglas G Tilley
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ying Ge
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Robert Feil
- Interfaculty Institute of Biochemistry, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Joanna C Chiu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Donald M Bers
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
| | - Yang K Xiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA
- VA Northern California Health Care System, Mather, California, USA
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3
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Egbert JR, Silbern I, Uliasz TF, Lowther KM, Yee SP, Urlaub H, Jaffe LA. Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase†. Biol Reprod 2024; 110:102-115. [PMID: 37774352 PMCID: PMC10790345 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioad130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In response to luteinizing hormone (LH), multiple proteins in rat and mouse granulosa cells are rapidly dephosphorylated, but the responsible phosphatases remain to be identified. Because the phosphorylation state of phosphatases can regulate their interaction with substrates, we searched for phosphatases that might function in LH signaling by using quantitative mass spectrometry. We identified all proteins in rat ovarian follicles whose phosphorylation state changed detectably in response to a 30-min exposure to LH, and within this list, identified protein phosphatases or phosphatase regulatory subunits that showed changes in phosphorylation. Phosphatases in the phosphoprotein phosphatase (PPP) family were of particular interest because of their requirement for dephosphorylating the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) guanylyl cyclase in the granulosa cells, which triggers oocyte meiotic resumption. Among the PPP family regulatory subunits, PPP1R12A and PPP2R5D showed the largest increases in phosphorylation, with 4-10 fold increases in signal intensity on several sites. Although follicles from mice in which these phosphorylations were prevented by serine-to-alanine mutations in either Ppp1r12a or Ppp2r5d showed normal LH-induced NPR2 dephosphorylation, these regulatory subunits and others could act redundantly to dephosphorylate NPR2. Our identification of phosphatases and other proteins whose phosphorylation state is rapidly modified by LH provides clues about multiple signaling pathways in ovarian follicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Egbert
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Ivan Silbern
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tracy F Uliasz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
| | - Katie M Lowther
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT, USA
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence “Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells” (MBExC), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laurinda A Jaffe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT, USA
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4
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Carney KR, Khan AM, Stam S, Samson SC, Mittal N, Han SJ, Bidone TC, Mendoza MC. Nascent adhesions shorten the period of lamellipodium protrusion through the Brownian ratchet mechanism. Mol Biol Cell 2023; 34:ar115. [PMID: 37672339 PMCID: PMC10846621 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e23-08-0314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Directional cell migration is driven by the conversion of oscillating edge motion into lasting periods of leading edge protrusion. Actin polymerization against the membrane and adhesions control edge motion, but the exact mechanisms that determine protrusion period remain elusive. We addressed this by developing a computational model in which polymerization of actin filaments against a deformable membrane and variable adhesion dynamics support edge motion. Consistent with previous reports, our model showed that actin polymerization and adhesion lifetime power protrusion velocity. However, increasing adhesion lifetime decreased the protrusion period. Measurements of adhesion lifetime and edge motion in migrating cells confirmed that adhesion lifetime is associated with and promotes protrusion velocity, but decreased duration. Our model showed that adhesions' control of protrusion persistence originates from the Brownian ratchet mechanism for actin filament polymerization. With longer adhesion lifetime or increased-adhesion density, the proportion of actin filaments tethered to the substrate increased, maintaining filaments against the cell membrane. The reduced filament-membrane distance generated pushing force for high edge velocity, but limited further polymerization needed for protrusion duration. We propose a mechanism for cell edge protrusion in which adhesion strength regulates actin filament polymerization to control the periods of leading edge protrusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keith R. Carney
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Akib M. Khan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Samantha Stam
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Shiela C. Samson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Nikhil Mittal
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | - Sangyoon J. Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI 49931
| | - Tamara C. Bidone
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Scientific Computing and Imaging Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
| | - Michelle C. Mendoza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
- Huntsman Cancer Institute, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
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5
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Egbert JR, Silbern I, Uliasz TF, Lowther KM, Yee SP, Urlaub H, Jaffe LA. Phosphatases modified by LH signaling in ovarian follicles: testing their role in regulating the NPR2 guanylyl cyclase. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.06.12.544636. [PMID: 37333193 PMCID: PMC10274890 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.12.544636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
In response to luteinizing hormone, multiple proteins in rat and mouse granulosa cells are rapidly dephosphorylated, but the responsible phosphatases remain to be identified. Because the phosphorylation state of phosphatases can regulate their interaction with substrates, we searched for phosphatases that might function in LH signaling by using quantitative mass spectrometry. We identified all proteins in rat ovarian follicles whose phosphorylation state changed detectably in response to a 30-minute exposure to LH, and within this list, identified protein phosphatases or phosphatase regulatory subunits that showed changes in phosphorylation. Phosphatases in the PPP family were of particular interest because of their requirement for dephosphorylating the natriuretic peptide receptor 2 (NPR2) guanylyl cyclase in the granulosa cells, which triggers oocyte meiotic resumption. Among the PPP family regulatory subunits, PPP1R12A and PPP2R5D showed the largest increases in phosphorylation, with 4-10 fold increases in signal intensity on several sites. Although follicles from mice in which these phosphorylations were prevented by serine-to-alanine mutations in either Ppp1r12a or Ppp2r5d showed normal LH-induced NPR2 dephosphorylation, these regulatory subunits and others could act redundantly to dephosphorylate NPR2. Our identification of phosphatases and other proteins whose phosphorylation state is rapidly modified by LH provides clues about multiple signaling pathways in ovarian follicles. Summary sentence Quantitative mass spectrometric analysis of phosphatases whose phosphorylation state is rapidly modified by luteinizing hormone provides clues about how LH signaling dephosphorylates NPR2 as well as a resource for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R. Egbert
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
| | - Ivan Silbern
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Tracy F. Uliasz
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
| | - Katie M. Lowther
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
| | - Siu-Pok Yee
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
- Center for Mouse Genome Modification, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
| | - Henning Urlaub
- Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Goettingen, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence "Multiscale Bioimaging: From Molecular Machines to Networks of Excitable Cells" (MBExC), University of Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Laurinda A. Jaffe
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington CT 06030 USA
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6
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Ojasalu K, Lieber S, Sokol AM, Nist A, Stiewe T, Bullwinkel I, Finkernagel F, Reinartz S, Müller-Brüsselbach S, Grosse R, Graumann J, Müller R. The lysophosphatidic acid-regulated signal transduction network in ovarian cancer cells and its role in actomyosin dynamics, cell migration and entosis. Theranostics 2023; 13:1921-1948. [PMID: 37064875 PMCID: PMC10091871 DOI: 10.7150/thno.81656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) species accumulate in the ascites of ovarian high-grade serous cancer (HGSC) and are associated with short relapse-free survival. LPA is known to support metastatic spread of cancer cells by activating a multitude of signaling pathways via G-protein-coupled receptors of the LPAR family. Systematic unbiased analyses of the LPA-regulated signal transduction network in ovarian cancer cells have, however, not been reported to date. Methods: LPA-induced signaling pathways were identified by phosphoproteomics of both patient-derived and OVCAR8 cells, RNA sequencing, measurements of intracellular Ca2+ and cAMP as well as cell imaging. The function of LPARs and downstream signaling components in migration and entosis were analyzed by selective pharmacological inhibitors and RNA interference. Results: Phosphoproteomic analyses identified > 1100 LPA-regulated sites in > 800 proteins and revealed interconnected LPAR1, ROCK/RAC, PKC/D and ERK pathways to play a prominent role within a comprehensive signaling network. These pathways regulate essential processes, including transcriptional responses, actomyosin dynamics, cell migration and entosis. A critical component of this signaling network is MYPT1, a stimulatory subunit of protein phosphatase 1 (PP1), which in turn is a negative regulator of myosin light chain 2 (MLC2). LPA induces phosphorylation of MYPT1 through ROCK (T853) and PKC/ERK (S507), which is majorly driven by LPAR1. Inhibition of MYPT1, PKC or ERK impedes both LPA-induced cell migration and entosis, while interference with ROCK activity and MLC2 phosphorylation selectively blocks entosis, suggesting that MYPT1 figures in both ROCK/MLC2-dependent and -independent pathways. We finally show a novel pathway governed by LPAR2 and the RAC-GEF DOCK7 to be indispensable for the induction of entosis. Conclusion: We have identified a comprehensive LPA-induced signal transduction network controlling LPA-triggered cytoskeletal changes, cell migration and entosis in HGSC cells. Due to its pivotal role in this network, MYPT1 may represent a promising target for interfering with specific functions of PP1 essential for HGSC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaire Ojasalu
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sonja Lieber
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Anna M. Sokol
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
| | - Andrea Nist
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Stiewe
- Genomics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Imke Bullwinkel
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Florian Finkernagel
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
- Bioinformatics Core Facility, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Silke Reinartz
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Sabine Müller-Brüsselbach
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Robert Grosse
- Institut for Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Graumann
- Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry, Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany
- Institute for Translational Proteomics, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- Department of Translational Oncology, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany
- ✉ Corresponding author: Rolf Müller, Center for Tumor Biology and Immunology (ZTI), Philipps University, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 3, 35043 Marburg, Germany. . Phone: +49 6421 2866236
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7
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The role of RAS oncogenes in controlling epithelial mechanics. Trends Cell Biol 2023; 33:60-69. [PMID: 36175301 PMCID: PMC9850021 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2022.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Mutations in RAS are key oncogenic drivers and therapeutic targets. Oncogenic Ras proteins activate a network of downstream signalling pathways, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), promoting cell proliferation and survival. However, there is increasing evidence that RAS oncogenes also alter the mechanical properties of both individual malignant cells and transformed tissues. Here we discuss the role of oncogenic RAS in controlling mechanical cell phenotypes and how these mechanical changes promote oncogenic transformation in single cells and tissues. RAS activation alters actin organisation and actomyosin contractility. These changes alter cell rheology and impact mechanosensing through changes in substrate adhesion and YAP/TAZ-dependent mechanotransduction. We then discuss how these changes play out in cell collectives and epithelial tissues by driving large-scale tissue deformations and the expansion of malignant cells. Uncovering how RAS oncogenes alter cell mechanics will lead to a better understanding of the morphogenetic processes that underlie tumour formation in RAS-mutant cancers.
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8
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Shen W, Du W, Li Y, Huang Y, Jiang X, Yang C, Tang J, Liu H, Luo N, Zhang X, Zhang Z. TIFA promotes CRC cell proliferation via RSK- and PRAS40- dependent manner. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:3018-3031. [PMID: 35635239 PMCID: PMC9459298 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that TIFA plays different roles in various tumor types. However, the function of TIFA in colorectal cancer (CRC) remains unclear. Here, we showed that the expression of TIFA was markedly increased in CRC versus normal tissue, and positively correlated with CRC TNM stages. In agreement, we found that the CRC cell lines show increased TIFA expression levels versus normal control. The knockdown of TIFA inhibited cell proliferation but had no effect on cell apoptosis in vitro or in vivo. Moreover, the ectopic expression of TIFA enhanced cell proliferation ability in vitro and in vivo. In contrast, the expression of mutant TIFA (T9A, oligomerization site mutation; D6, TRAF6 binding site deletion) abolished TIFA‐mediated cell proliferation enhancement. Exploration of the underlying mechanism revealed that the protein synthesis‐associated kinase RSK and PRAS40 activation were responsible for TIFA‐mediated CRC progression. In summary, these findings suggest that TIFA plays a role in mediating CRC progression. This could provide a promising target for CRC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Wenfei Du
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Yanping Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Yongming Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of, Jining Medical University, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Xinyu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Chenglong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Jiaping Tang
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Surgery Teaching and Research Section, Clinical Medical School, Jining Medical University, Jining, 272067, China
| | - Na Luo
- Department of Anatomy and Histology, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China
| | - Zhixin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Oncology in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Precision Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining 272067, Shandong, China.,Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University, Jining 272029, China
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9
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Kempf CL, Sammani S, Bermudez T, Song JH, Hernon VR, Hufford MK, Burt J, Camp SM, Dudek SM, Garcia JG. Critical Role for the Lung Endothelial Non‐Muscle Myosin Light Chain Kinase Isoform in the Severity of Inflammatory Murine Lung Injury. Pulm Circ 2022; 12:e12061. [PMID: 35514774 PMCID: PMC9063969 DOI: 10.1002/pul2.12061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Carrie L. Kempf
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Saad Sammani
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Tadeo Bermudez
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jin H. Song
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | | | - Matthew K. Hufford
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Jessica Burt
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Sara M. Camp
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
| | - Steven M. Dudek
- Department of Medicine University of Illinois at Chicago Chicago IL USA
| | - Joe G.N. Garcia
- Department of Medicine University of Arizona Health Sciences Tucson AZ USA
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10
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Samson SC, Khan AM, Mendoza MC. ERK signaling for cell migration and invasion. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:998475. [PMID: 36262472 PMCID: PMC9573968 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.998475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The RAS - Extracellular signal-regulated kinase (RAS-ERK) pathway plays a conserved role in promoting cell migration and invasion. Growth factors, adhesion, and oncogenes activate ERK. While historically studied with respect to its control of cell proliferation and differentiation, the signaling pattern and effectors specific for cell migration are now coming to light. New advances in pathway probes have revealed how steady-state ERK activity fluctuates within individual cells and propagates to neighboring cells. We review new findings on the different modes of ERK pathway stimulation and how an increased baseline level of activity promotes single cell and collective migration and invasion. We discuss how ERK drives actin polymerization and adhesion turnover for edge protrusion and how cell contraction stimulates cell movement and ERK activity waves in epithelial sheets. With the steady development of new biosensors for monitoring spatial and temporal ERK activity, determining how cells individually interpret the multiple in vivo signals to ERK is within reach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiela C Samson
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Akib M Khan
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
| | - Michelle C Mendoza
- Department of Oncological Sciences, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States.,Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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11
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Hight-Warburton W, Felix R, Burton A, Maple H, Chegkazi MS, Steiner RA, McGrath JA, Parsons M. α4/α9 Integrins Coordinate Epithelial Cell Migration Through Local Suppression of MAP Kinase Signaling Pathways. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:750771. [PMID: 34900996 PMCID: PMC8655878 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.750771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Adhesion of basal keratinocytes to the underlying extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a key role in the control of skin homeostasis and response to injury. Integrin receptors indirectly link the ECM to the cell cytoskeleton through large protein complexes called focal adhesions (FA). FA also function as intracellular biochemical signaling platforms to enable cells to respond to changing extracellular cues. The α4β1 and α9β1 integrins are both expressed in basal keratinocytes, share some common ECM ligands, and have been shown to promote wound healing in vitro and in vivo. However, their roles in maintaining epidermal homeostasis and relative contributions to pathological processes in the skin remain unclear. We found that α4β1 and α9β1 occupied distinct regions in monolayers of a basal keratinocyte cell line (NEB-1). During collective cell migration (CCM), α4 and α9 integrins co-localized along the leading edge. Pharmacological inhibition of α4β1 and α9β1 integrins increased keratinocyte proliferation and induced a dramatic change in cytoskeletal remodeling and FA rearrangement, detrimentally affecting CCM. Further analysis revealed that α4β1/α9β1 integrins suppress extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2) activity to control migration through the regulation of downstream kinases including Mitogen and Stress Activated Kinase 1 (MSK1). This work demonstrates the roles of α4β1 and α9β1 in regulating migration in response to damage cues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willow Hight-Warburton
- Parsons Group, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Magda S Chegkazi
- Steiner Group, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Roberto A Steiner
- Steiner Group, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - John A McGrath
- St Johns Institute of Dermatology, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Parsons Group, Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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12
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Halder D, Mallick D, Chatterjee A, Jana SS. Nonmuscle Myosin II in cancer cell migration and mechanotransduction. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 139:106058. [PMID: 34400319 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2021.106058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cell migration is a key step of cancer metastasis, immune-cell navigation, homing of stem cells and development. What adds complexity to it is the heterogeneity of the tissue environment that gives rise to a vast diversity of migratory mechanisms utilized by cells. A majority of cell motility mechanisms reported elsewhere largely converge in depicting the importance of the activity and complexity of actomyosin networks in the cell. In this review, we highlight the less discussed functional diversity of these actomyosin complexes and describe in detail how the major cellular actin-binding molecular motor proteins, nonmuscle myosin IIs are regulated and how they participate and mechanically reciprocate to changes in the microenvironment during cancer cell migration and tumor progression. Understanding the role of nonmuscle myosin IIs in the cancer cell is important for designing efficient therapeutic strategies to prevent cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debdatta Halder
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India; Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel(2)
| | - Ditipriya Mallick
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Ananya Chatterjee
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Siddhartha S Jana
- School of Biological Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.
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13
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Chrysostomou S, Roy R, Prischi F, Thamlikitkul L, Chapman KL, Mufti U, Peach R, Ding L, Hancock D, Moore C, Molina-Arcas M, Mauri F, Pinato DJ, Abrahams JM, Ottaviani S, Castellano L, Giamas G, Pascoe J, Moonamale D, Pirrie S, Gaunt C, Billingham L, Steven NM, Cullen M, Hrouda D, Winkler M, Post J, Cohen P, Salpeter SJ, Bar V, Zundelevich A, Golan S, Leibovici D, Lara R, Klug DR, Yaliraki SN, Barahona M, Wang Y, Downward J, Skehel JM, Ali MMU, Seckl MJ, Pardo OE. Repurposed floxacins targeting RSK4 prevent chemoresistance and metastasis in lung and bladder cancer. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eaba4627. [PMID: 34261798 PMCID: PMC7611705 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.aba4627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Lung and bladder cancers are mostly incurable because of the early development of drug resistance and metastatic dissemination. Hence, improved therapies that tackle these two processes are urgently needed to improve clinical outcome. We have identified RSK4 as a promoter of drug resistance and metastasis in lung and bladder cancer cells. Silencing this kinase, through either RNA interference or CRISPR, sensitized tumor cells to chemotherapy and hindered metastasis in vitro and in vivo in a tail vein injection model. Drug screening revealed several floxacin antibiotics as potent RSK4 activation inhibitors, and trovafloxacin reproduced all effects of RSK4 silencing in vitro and in/ex vivo using lung cancer xenograft and genetically engineered mouse models and bladder tumor explants. Through x-ray structure determination and Markov transient and Deuterium exchange analyses, we identified the allosteric binding site and revealed how this compound blocks RSK4 kinase activation through binding to an allosteric site and mimicking a kinase autoinhibitory mechanism involving the RSK4's hydrophobic motif. Last, we show that patients undergoing chemotherapy and adhering to prophylactic levofloxacin in the large placebo-controlled randomized phase 3 SIGNIFICANT trial had significantly increased (P = 0.048) long-term overall survival times. Hence, we suggest that RSK4 inhibition may represent an effective therapeutic strategy for treating lung and bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stelios Chrysostomou
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Rajat Roy
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Filippo Prischi
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester CO4 3SQ, UK
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Lucksamon Thamlikitkul
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10700, Thailand
| | - Kathryn L Chapman
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Assay Biology, Domainex Ltd, Cambridge CB10 1XL, UK
| | - Uwais Mufti
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Robert Peach
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97080 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Laifeng Ding
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance in Biological Systems, National Centre for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - David Hancock
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Christopher Moore
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Miriam Molina-Arcas
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Francesco Mauri
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - David J Pinato
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Joel M Abrahams
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Silvia Ottaviani
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Leandro Castellano
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Georgios Giamas
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Jennifer Pascoe
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Devmini Moonamale
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sarah Pirrie
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Claire Gaunt
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Lucinda Billingham
- Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Neil M Steven
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - Michael Cullen
- Department of Oncology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK
| | - David Hrouda
- Department Urology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, UK
| | - Mathias Winkler
- Department Urology, Charing Cross Hospital, London W6 8RF, UK
| | - John Post
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH. UK
| | - Philip Cohen
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH. UK
| | | | - Vered Bar
- Curesponse, 6 Weizmann Street, 6423906 Tel Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Shay Golan
- Department of Urology, Rabin Medical Center, Jabotinsky St. 39, 4941492 Petah Tikva, Israel
| | - Dan Leibovici
- Department of Urology, Kaplan Medical Center, 7610001 Rehovot, Israel
| | - Romain Lara
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
- AstraZeneca, Discovery Science, R&D, Discovery Biology, Darwin Building, Cambridge Science Park, Milton Road, Cambridge CB4 0WG, UK
| | - David R Klug
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Sophia N Yaliraki
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Mauricio Barahona
- Department of Mathematics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Yulan Wang
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 636921, Singapore
| | - Julian Downward
- Oncogene Biology Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - J Mark Skehel
- Biological Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, MRC LMB, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Maruf M U Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Michael J Seckl
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Olivier E Pardo
- Division of Cancer, Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
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14
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Soriano O, Alcón-Pérez M, Vicente-Manzanares M, Castellano E. The Crossroads between RAS and RHO Signaling Pathways in Cellular Transformation, Motility and Contraction. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12060819. [PMID: 34071831 PMCID: PMC8229961 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ras and Rho proteins are GTP-regulated molecular switches that control multiple signaling pathways in eukaryotic cells. Ras was among the first identified oncogenes, and it appears mutated in many forms of human cancer. It mainly promotes proliferation and survival through the MAPK pathway and the PI3K/AKT pathways, respectively. However, the myriad proteins close to the plasma membrane that activate or inhibit Ras make it a major regulator of many apparently unrelated pathways. On the other hand, Rho is weakly oncogenic by itself, but it critically regulates microfilament dynamics; that is, actin polymerization, disassembly and contraction. Polymerization is driven mainly by the Arp2/3 complex and formins, whereas contraction depends on myosin mini-filament assembly and activity. These two pathways intersect at numerous points: from Ras-dependent triggering of Rho activators, some of which act through PI3K, to mechanical feedback driven by actomyosin action. Here, we describe the main points of connection between the Ras and Rho pathways as they coordinately drive oncogenic transformation. We emphasize the biochemical crosstalk that drives actomyosin contraction driven by Ras in a Rho-dependent manner. We also describe possible routes of mechanical feedback through which myosin II activation may control Ras/Rho activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga Soriano
- Tumor Biophysics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Marta Alcón-Pérez
- Tumour-Stroma Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
| | - Miguel Vicente-Manzanares
- Tumor Biophysics Laboratory, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.V.-M.); (E.C.)
| | - Esther Castellano
- Tumour-Stroma Signalling Laboratory, Centro de Investigación del Cáncer and Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular del Cáncer, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)-University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain;
- Correspondence: (M.V.-M.); (E.C.)
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15
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Tóth E, Erdődi F, Kiss A. Myosin Phosphatase Is Implicated in the Control of THP-1 Monocyte to Macrophage Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22052516. [PMID: 33802280 PMCID: PMC7959147 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22052516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Monocyte to macrophage differentiation is characterized by the activation of various signal transduction pathways, which may be modulated by protein phosphorylation; however, the impact of protein kinases and phosphatases is not well understood yet. It has been demonstrated that actomyosin rearrangement during macrophage differentiation is dependent on Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK). Myosin phosphatase (MP) target subunit-1 (MYPT1) is one of the major cellular substrates of ROCK, and MP is often a counter enzyme of ROCK; therefore, MP may also control macrophage differentiation. Changes in MP activity and the effects of MP activation were studied on PMA or l,25(OH)2D3-induced differentiation of monocytic THP-1 cells. During macrophage differentiation, phosphorylation of MYPT1 at Thr696 and Thr853 increased significantly, resulting in inhibition of MP. The ROCK inhibitor H1152 and the MP activator epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) attenuated MYPT1 phosphorylation and concomitantly decreased the extent of phosphorylation of 20 kDa myosin light chain. H1152 and EGCG pretreatment also suppressed the expression of CD11b and weakened the PMA-induced adherence of the cells. Our results indicate that MP activation/inhibition contributes to the efficacy of monocyte to macrophage differentiation, and this enzyme may be a target for pharmacological interventions in the control of disease states that are affected by excessive macrophage differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emese Tóth
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signalling Research Group, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Ferenc Erdődi
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- MTA-DE Cell Biology and Signalling Research Group, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Correspondence: (F.E.); (A.K.); Tel.: +36-52-421345 (F.E. & A.K.)
| | - Andrea Kiss
- Department of Medical Chemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Debrecen, H-4032 Debrecen, Hungary;
- Correspondence: (F.E.); (A.K.); Tel.: +36-52-421345 (F.E. & A.K.)
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16
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Amable G, Martínez-León E, Picco ME, Nemirovsky SI, Rozengurt E, Rey O. Metformin inhibition of colorectal cancer cell migration is associated with rebuilt adherens junctions and FAK downregulation. J Cell Physiol 2020; 235:8334-8344. [PMID: 32239671 PMCID: PMC7529638 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherin, a central component of the adherens junction (AJ), is a single-pass transmembrane protein that mediates cell-cell adhesion. The loss of E-cadherin surface expression, and therefore cell-cell adhesion, leads to increased cell migration and invasion. Treatment of colorectal cancer (CRC)-derived cells (SW-480 and HT-29) with 2.0 mM metformin promoted a redistribution of cytosolic E-cadherin to de novo formed puncta along the length of the contacting membranes of these cells. Metformin also promoted translocation from the cytosol to the plasma membrane of p120-catenin, another core component of the AJs. Furthermore, E-cadherin and p120-catenin colocalized with β-catenin at cell-cell contacts. Western blot analysis of lysates of CRC-derived cells revealed a substantial metformin-induced increase in the level of p120-catenin as well as E-cadherin phosphorylation on Ser838/840 , a modification associated with β-catenin/E-cadherin interaction. These modifications in E-cadherin, p120-catenin and β-catenin localization suggest that metformin induces rebuilding of AJs in CRC-derived cells. Those modifications were accompanied by the inhibition of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), as revealed by a significant decrease in the phosphorylation of FAK at Tyr397 and paxillin at Tyr118 . These changes were associated with a reduction in the numbers, but an increase in the size, of focal adhesions and by the inhibition of cell migration. Overall, these observations indicate that metformin targets multiple pathways associated with CRC development and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gastón Amable
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1120, Argentina
| | - Eduardo Martínez-León
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1120, Argentina
| | - María Elisa Picco
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1120, Argentina
| | - Sergio I. Nemirovsky
- Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1428EGA, Argentina
| | - Enrique Rozengurt
- Unit of Signal Transduction and Gastrointestinal Cancer, Division of Digestive Diseases, Department of Medicine, CURE: Digestive Diseases Research Center and Molecular Biology Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1768, USA
| | - Osvaldo Rey
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Inmunología, Genética y Metabolismo, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Hospital de Clínicas “José de San Martín”, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, 1120, Argentina
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17
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Sitarska E, Diz-Muñoz A. Pay attention to membrane tension: Mechanobiology of the cell surface. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 66:11-18. [PMID: 32416466 PMCID: PMC7594640 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The cell surface is a mechanobiological unit that encompasses the plasma membrane, its interacting proteins, and the complex underlying cytoskeleton. Recently, attention has been directed to the mechanics of the plasma membrane, and in particular membrane tension, which has been linked to diverse cellular processes such as cell migration and membrane trafficking. However, how tension across the plasma membrane is regulated and propagated is still not completely understood. Here, we review recent efforts to study the interplay between membrane tension and the cytoskeletal machinery and how they control cell form and function. We focus on factors that have been proposed to affect the propagation of membrane tension and as such could determine whether it can act as a global or local regulator of cell behavior. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the available tool kit as new approaches that reveal its dynamics in cells are needed to decipher how membrane tension regulates diverse cellular processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Sitarska
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alba Diz-Muñoz
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstrasse 1, 69117, Heidelberg, Germany.
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18
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Xue Y, Chen W, Mai Z, Yu X, Wu Q, Wan C, Su X, Wu Y, Rong Z, Zheng H. Inhibition of the Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase/Ribosomal S6 Kinase Cascade Limits Chlamydia trachomatis Infection. J Invest Dermatol 2020; 141:852-862.e6. [PMID: 32918951 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2020.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Chlamydiatrachomatis is the cause of the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection worldwide. Azithromycin is effective in treating chlamydial infection; however, resistance to this antibiotic is increasing, and it is important that new therapeutic strategies are developed. In this study, we demonstrated that inhibitors targeting each kinase in the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/ribosomal S6 kinase cascade significantly decreased the size and number of inclusions as well as the number of infectious progeny. The suppressive effects of the inhibitors were observed across the Chlamydia serotypes D, E, F, and L1 and across HeLa, McCoy, and Vero host cells. When combined with azithromycin, all the inhibitors exerted a synergistic suppressive effect on chlamydial infection. Knockdown experiments using small interfering RNA demonstrated that extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and ribosomal S6 kinase 1 were crucial for chlamydial infection. Moreover, BVD-523, a first-in-class extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 inhibitor currently undergoing a phase II clinical trial, suppressed chlamydial infection both in cell culture and in a mouse model. These observations demonstrated not only that the extracellular signal-regulated kinase/ribosomal S6 kinase pathway plays a critical role in chlamydial infection but also that these kinases have potential as targets for host-directed therapy against C. trachomatis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Xue
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhida Mai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xueying Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengsong Wan
- Department of Microbiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yiquan Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhili Rong
- Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Research Center, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Heping Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Dermatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Chou PC, Rajput S, Zhao X, Patel C, Albaciete D, Oh WJ, Daguplo HQ, Patel N, Su B, Werlen G, Jacinto E. mTORC2 Is Involved in the Induction of RSK Phosphorylation by Serum or Nutrient Starvation. Cells 2020; 9:E1567. [PMID: 32605013 PMCID: PMC7408474 DOI: 10.3390/cells9071567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells adjust to nutrient fluctuations to restore metabolic homeostasis. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) complex 2 responds to nutrient levels and growth signals to phosphorylate protein kinases belonging to the AGC (Protein Kinases A,G,C) family such as Akt and PKC. Phosphorylation of these AGC kinases at their conserved hydrophobic motif (HM) site by mTORC2 enhances their activation and mediates the functions of mTORC2 in cell growth and metabolism. Another AGC kinase family member that is known to undergo increased phosphorylation at the homologous HM site (Ser380) is the p90 ribosomal S6 kinase (RSK). Phosphorylation at Ser380 is facilitated by the activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal regulated kinase (MAPK/ERK) in response to growth factor stimulation. Here, we demonstrate that optimal phosphorylation of RSK at this site requires an intact mTORC2. We also found that RSK is robustly phosphorylated at Ser380 upon nutrient withdrawal or inhibition of glycolysis, conditions that increase mTORC2 activation. However, pharmacological inhibition of mTOR did not abolish RSK phosphorylation at Ser380, indicating that mTOR catalytic activity is not required for this phosphorylation. Since RSK and SIN1β colocalize at the membrane during serum restimulation and acute glutamine withdrawal, mTORC2 could act as a scaffold to enhance RSK HM site phosphorylation. Among the known RSK substrates, the CCTβ subunit of the chaperonin containing TCP-1 (CCT) complex had defective phosphorylation in the absence of mTORC2. Our findings indicate that the mTORC2-mediated phosphorylation of the RSK HM site could confer RSK substrate specificity and reveal that RSK responds to nutrient fluctuations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chien Chou
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Swati Rajput
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiaoyun Zhao
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.Z.); (B.S.)
| | - Chadni Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Danielle Albaciete
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Won Jun Oh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Heineken Queen Daguplo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Nikhil Patel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Bing Su
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200240, China; (X.Z.); (B.S.)
| | - Guy Werlen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
| | - Estela Jacinto
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Rutgers-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA; (P.-C.C.); (S.R.); (C.P.); (D.A.); (W.J.O.); (H.Q.D.); (N.P.); (G.W.)
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ERK signalling: a master regulator of cell behaviour, life and fate. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2020; 21:607-632. [PMID: 32576977 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-020-0255-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 511] [Impact Index Per Article: 127.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The proteins extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1 (ERK1) and ERK2 are the downstream components of a phosphorelay pathway that conveys growth and mitogenic signals largely channelled by the small RAS GTPases. By phosphorylating widely diverse substrates, ERK proteins govern a variety of evolutionarily conserved cellular processes in metazoans, the dysregulation of which contributes to the cause of distinct human diseases. The mechanisms underlying the regulation of ERK1 and ERK2, their mode of action and their impact on the development and homeostasis of various organisms have been the focus of much attention for nearly three decades. In this Review, we discuss the current understanding of this important class of kinases. We begin with a brief overview of the structure, regulation, substrate recognition and subcellular localization of ERK1 and ERK2. We then systematically discuss how ERK signalling regulates six fundamental cellular processes in response to extracellular cues. These processes are cell proliferation, cell survival, cell growth, cell metabolism, cell migration and cell differentiation.
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Matthews HK, Ganguli S, Plak K, Taubenberger AV, Win Z, Williamson M, Piel M, Guck J, Baum B. Oncogenic Signaling Alters Cell Shape and Mechanics to Facilitate Cell Division under Confinement. Dev Cell 2020; 52:563-573.e3. [PMID: 32032547 PMCID: PMC7063569 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
To divide in a tissue, both normal and cancer cells become spherical and mechanically stiffen as they enter mitosis. We investigated the effect of oncogene activation on this process in normal epithelial cells. We found that short-term induction of oncogenic RasV12 activates downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MEK-ERK) signaling to alter cell mechanics and enhance mitotic rounding, so that RasV12-expressing cells are softer in interphase but stiffen more upon entry into mitosis. These RasV12-dependent changes allow cells to round up and divide faithfully when confined underneath a stiff hydrogel, conditions in which normal cells and cells with reduced levels of Ras-ERK signaling suffer multiple spindle assembly and chromosome segregation errors. Thus, by promoting cell rounding and stiffening in mitosis, oncogenic RasV12 enables cells to proliferate under conditions of mechanical confinement like those experienced by cells in crowded tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen K Matthews
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK.
| | - Sushila Ganguli
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Katarzyna Plak
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anna V Taubenberger
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Zaw Win
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK
| | - Max Williamson
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Matthieu Piel
- Institut Curie and Institut Pierre Gilles de Gennes, PSL Research University, CNRS, UMR 144, Paris, France
| | - Jochen Guck
- Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Tatzberg 47/49, 01307 Dresden, Germany; Max Planck Institute for the Science of Light & Max-Planck-Zentrum für Physik und Medizin, Staudtstraße 2, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Buzz Baum
- MRC Laboratory for Molecular Cell Biology, University College London, Gower Street, London WC1E 6BT, UK; The Francis Crick Institute, 1 Midland Road, London NW1 1AT, UK; Institute for the Physics of Living Systems, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK.
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