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Negash F, Abegaz S, Tadesse Y, Jembere T, Esatu W, Dessie T. Evaluation of growth performance and feed efficiency in reciprocal crosses of Fayoumi with three exotic chicken breeds. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2023.2168743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Fikrineh Negash
- Adami Tulu Agricultural Research Center, Batu, Ethiopia
- School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Solomon Abegaz
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Yosef Tadesse
- School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, Haramaya, Ethiopia
| | - Temesgen Jembere
- Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Wondmeneh Esatu
- International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Tadelle Dessie
- International Livestock Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Transcriptome profile analysis identifies candidate genes of feed utilization in Dorper and Small Tail Han Crossbred sheep. Small Rumin Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2022.106788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Zhang W, Aggrey S. Genetic variation in feed utilization efficiency of meat-type chickens. WORLD POULTRY SCI J 2019. [DOI: 10.1079/wps20030020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- W. Zhang
- Poultry Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2772, USA
| | - S.E. Aggrey
- Poultry Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Poultry Science, The University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-2772, USA
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4
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Affiliation(s)
- F.J.G. Schreurs
- Institute for Animal Science and Health, P O Box 65, 8200 AB Lelystad, The Netherlands
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6
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Istiqomah L, Sakti AA, Suryani AE, Karimy MF, Anggraeni AS, Herdian H. Effect of feed supplement containing earthworm meal (Lumbricus rubellus) on production performance of quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1088/1755-1315/101/1/012032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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7
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Jackson S, Diamond J. METABOLIC AND DIGESTIVE RESPONSES TO ARTIFICIAL SELECTION IN CHICKENS. Evolution 2017; 50:1638-1650. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03936.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/1994] [Accepted: 08/22/1995] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sue Jackson
- Physiology Department; UCLA Medical School; Los Angeles California 90095-1751
| | - Jared Diamond
- Physiology Department; UCLA Medical School; Los Angeles California 90095-1751
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8
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Koppenol A, Delezie E, Wang Y, Franssens L, Willems E, Ampe B, Buyse J, Everaert N. Effects of maternal dietary EPA and DHA supplementation and breeder age on embryonic and post-hatch performance of broiler offspring: age and n-3 pufa affect embryonic and post-hatch performance. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2015; 99 Suppl S1:36-47. [PMID: 25865421 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Breeder age and nutrition are amongst the most important factors affecting progeny growth and development. The present experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of n-3 fatty acid (FA), with special emphasis on the ratio of eicosapentaenoic (EPA, 20:5 n-3) and docosahexaenoic (DHA, 22:6 n-3) acid, provided to the diet of ageing broiler breeder hens at different ratios, on the incubation parameters and the performance of the offspring. Four hundred and eighty Ross-308 broiler breeder hens were fed one of four different diets (120/treatment), with an equal fat content. The control diet was a basal diet, rich in n-6 FAs (CON). Blends of fish oil were used to enrich the three other diets in n-3 FA and to obtain different EPA/DHA ratios of 1/1 (EPA=DHA), 1/2 (DHA) or 2/1 (EPA). Every 5 weeks, incubation parameters were assessed. Every 15 weeks, offspring was reared until slaughter age on a standard diet. Breeder age affected almost all incubation and post-hatch parameters, whereas n-3 FA treatment only lowered egg weight (p < 0.0001) and consequently hatched chick weight (p < 0.0001). Supplementation of EPA resulted in a higher proportional liver weight (p = 0.0219) at hatch, a lower body weight up to 28 days post-hatch (p = 0.0418), a lower daily weight gain (p = 0.0498) and a higher feed conversion ratio (p = 0.0395) during the starter period (p = 0.0498), resulting in a higher overall offspring feed conversion ratio (p = 0.0317) compared to the control diet. DHA supplementation, on the other hand, resulted in a lower residual yolk weight (p = 0.0220) and a higher overall offspring mortality (p = 0.0125). In conclusion, supplementation of n-3 FA could not counter the adverse effect of breeder flock age, but did not harm incubation or improve post-hatch performance, either. EPA and DHA affected offspring development differently during early post-hatch life.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Koppenol
- Laboratory of Livestock Physiology, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO) Animal Sciences Unit, Melle, Belgium
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9
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Ankra-Badu GA, Pesti GM, Aggrey SE. Genetic interrelationships among phosphorus, nitrogen, calcium, and energy bioavailability in a growing chicken population. Poult Sci 2010; 89:2351-5. [PMID: 20952697 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2010-00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A random-mating population was used to study the genetic interrelationship between phytate P (PPB), Ca (CaB), N (NB), and energy bioavailability (EB), BW at 4 wk of age, relative growth (RG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Heritability estimates for PPB, CaB, NB, and EB were 0.09, 0.13, 0.16, and 0.10, respectively, and those of BW, RG, and FCR were 0.66, 0.15, and 0.10, respectively. Genetic correlations between PPB and BW, and FCR were moderate and negative, suggesting that improvement in PPB will impair growth. The genetic correlations between PPB and CaB, and EB and RG were positive and moderate, indicating that improvement in PPB would also lead to improved CaB, EB, and RG. Energy bioavailability was positively correlated with CaB, NB, PPB, and BW. Even though the genetic correlation between EB and the other traits measured, except RG and FCR, ranged from low to moderate, improving the ability of birds to utilize caloric energy in the feed would consequently improve PPB as well as growth. Improving PPB would reduce the amount of P in excreta and provide an additional savings if exogenous phytase were not added to poultry feed. The genetic correlation between PPB and NB was low but positive, whereas NB had a positive genetic correlation with BW. Therefore, selecting on NB will result in positive correlated responses in BW and PPB. Improving PPB and NB will not only improve productivity, but also reduce the polluting effects of P and N on the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Ankra-Badu
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens 30602, USA
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10
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Corrêa G, Silva M, Corrêa A, Almeida V, Fontes D, Torres R, Dionello N, Freitas L, Ventura R, Paulo A, Silva J, Santos G. Exigência de metionina + cistina total para codornas de corte em crescimento. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2006. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352006000300020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Estudou-se a exigência de metionina + cistina total para codornas de corte em crescimento durante os períodos inicial (sete a 21 dias) e final (22 a 42 dias de idade). O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente casualizado, com cinco repetições de 13 codornas por unidade experimental. Os tratamentos consistiram de seis níveis de metionina + cistina total (0,73; 0,79; 0,85; 0,91; 0,97 e 1,03%). Foram estudadas as variáveis: ganho de peso (g), peso final no período (g), consumo de dieta (g) e conversão alimentar (g de dieta/g de peso). As respostas de desempenho foram obtidas por meio de modelos de regressão linear e quadrática. Codornas de corte alimentadas com dietas contendo 0,95% de metionina + cistina total no período inicial (sete a 21 dias) e 0,73% de metionina + cistina total no período final (22 a 42 dias) de criação obtêm máximo ganho de peso.
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11
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Zhang W, Aggrey SE, Pesti GM, Edwards HM, Bakalli RI. Genetics of phytate phosphorus bioavailability: heritability and genetic correlations with growth and feed utilization traits in a randombred chicken population. Poult Sci 2003; 82:1075-9. [PMID: 12872962 DOI: 10.1093/ps/82.7.1075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study was undertaken to estimate variance components for phytate P bioavailability (PBA) and the genetic correlations among PBA with growth and feed utilization (or intake) traits in an unselected random mating chicken population. Pedigreed data from 901 Athens-Canadian randombred chickens hatched from 26 sires, 71 dams, and 105 grandparents were used for estimation of genetic parameters. Birds were individually housed in metabolic cages at 4 wk of age and fed a 0.35% P diet. After 3 d of acclimatization, excreta produced for 3 consecutive d were collected and feed consumed (FC) was measured. Individual 4-wk BW and BW gain (BWG) during the 3-d excreta collection period were also measured. Feed conversion ratios (FCR) were calculated. Phytate P bioavailability was estimated from the disappearance of phytate during the passage of feed through the gastrointestinal tract. The restricted maximum likelihood method with the average information matrix algorithm was used for the estimation of variance components. The heritability estimate for PBA was about 0.10. Genetic correlations between PBA and BW, BWG, and FC were moderate and negative, indicating that improving PBA utilization would moderately affect growth. The genetic correlation between PBA and FCR was negligible and suggested that selection for PBA will not adversely affect FCR. The economic implications of genetically modifying poultry to improving phytate P utilization and the subsequent elimination or reduction of the amount of phytase used in poultry diets are yet to be determined.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Zhang
- Department of Poultry Science, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
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12
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Hyánková L, Dedková L, Knízetová H, Hort J. Heterosis in body weight related to growth performance of parental lines of Japanese quail and to heterosis in lay. Br Poult Sci 2002; 43:508-17. [PMID: 12365507 DOI: 10.1080/0007166022000004417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
1. Three outbred lines of Japanese quail and their reciprocal crosses were used. The lines differed in mature body weight or in the shape of the growth curve. Growth was described by body weight (BW) at 0, 4, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42, 48, 56, 63 and 70 d of age and expressed by the parameters of Richards' function. Dickerson's model was used to estimate direct genetic, maternal genetic and direct heterotic effects. 2. The magnitude of BW heterosis was not constant during postnatal growth, it showed a different curvilinear age-trend for each hybrid combination. 3. The age-trend of BW heterosis resulted from the change of the shape of the growth curve. 4. The age-trend of BW heterosis and its maximum magnitude were associated with differences in the growth pattern of parental lines. 5. The heterosis at the inflection point was accompanied by heterosis in egg number.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Hyánková
- Research Institute of Animal Production, Prague, Czech Republic.
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13
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Urdaneta-Rincon M, Leeson S. Quantitative and qualitative feed restriction on growth characteristics of male broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2002; 81:679-88. [PMID: 12033418 DOI: 10.1093/ps/81.5.679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Four experiments were conducted to evaluate the quantitative and qualitative feed restriction on the performance of male broiler chickens. In the first experiment, broilers fed identical pelleted diets were feed-restricted from 5 to 42 d by giving 95, 90, or 85% of the feed consumed ad libitum by control birds the previous day. In a second experiment, broilers were fed pellet or mash diets from 1 to 7 wk. In Experiments 3 and 4, broilers were feed-restricted to 90% of the ad libitum intake of a control group during different intervals. Results from Experiment 1 indicated that live body weight at 42 d was significantly different between unrestricted and restricted broilers (P < 0.01). A reduction in mortality was noted when feed intake was reduced (P < 0.05). In the second experiment, broilers fed mash had lower body weights and breast meat yields at 42 and 49 d (P < 0.05). Cumulative mortality at 42 and 49 d was reduced in broilers fed mash (P < 0.05). Results from Experiment 3 indicated that body weight and mortality were not significantly different (P > 0.05) at 42 d across treatments. There was a significant (P < 0.01) linear improvement on feed conversion at 42 d due to duration of feed restriction. Breast meat yield at 42 d was less in broilers subjected to mild feed restriction (P > 0.05) (Experiments 3 and 4). Broilers appeared able to recover from mild feed restriction, and there was always an associated reduction in mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Urdaneta-Rincon
- Department of Animal & Poultry Science, University of Guelph, ON, Canada
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14
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Peebles ED, Doyle SM, Pansky T, Gerard PD, Latour MA, Boyle CR, Smith TW. Effects of breeder age and dietary fat on subsequent broiler performance. 1. Growth, mortality, and feed conversion. Poult Sci 1999; 78:505-11. [PMID: 10230901 DOI: 10.1093/ps/78.4.505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of breeder age (35, 51, and 63 wk) and added dietary fat on subsequent broiler growth, mortality, and feed conversion through 42 d were evaluated. Beginning at 22 wk of age, diets included 0, 1.5, or 3.0% added poultry fat (PF), 1.5 or 3.0% added corn oil (CO), or 3.0% added lard (LA). Broilers from hens 35 wk of age performed better between 0 and 21 d than those from 51- and 63-wk-old hens. Conversely, between 22 and 42 d, broilers from hens 51 wk of age performed better than those at 35 and 63 wk. In relation to PF, CO added to breeder diets increased 0 to 21 d BW gain in broilers; whereas, feed conversion between 22 and 42 d was reduced in broilers from hens fed PF compared to those fed CO. In conclusion, breeder age influenced broiler performance differently throughout the growout period. Fat added at the 1.5% level to breeder hen diets was an effective energy source. However, less saturated fat improved growout performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- E D Peebles
- Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State 39762, USA.
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15
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Gonzales E, Buyse J, Loddi MM, Takita TS, Buys N, Decuypere E. Performance, incidence of metabolic disturbances and endocrine variables of food-restricted male broiler chickens. Br Poult Sci 1998; 39:671-8. [PMID: 9925321 DOI: 10.1080/00071669888557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
1. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the productive and physiological consequences of a slight but long term food restriction of male broiler chickens from 2 commercial strains. 2. Cobb-500 and Ross chickens were submitted to a 20% food restriction from 8 to 21 d of age. Strain, food programme and their interactive effects were analysed in terms of consequences upon performance, mortality, incidence of sudden death syndrome (SDS) and ascites syndrome (AS), index of right cardiac hypertrophy and plasma concentrations of hormones related to metabolism and growth (T3, T4, T3:T4 ratio, IGF-I and GH). 3. Although some catch-up growth was observed by refeeding previously restricted birds after 22 d of rearing, food restriction decreased (P < or = 0.05) body weight at market age (42 d) irrespective of the strain, but improved (P < or = 0.05) food conversion. 4. The incidence of mortality was not high in non-restricted birds but SDS and AS caused more than 50% of deaths. Hypertrophic cardiac index was observed in chickens of both strains after 4 weeks of age and was higher in ad libitum fed birds. 5. During the period of food restriction, plasma T3 and IGF-I concentrations decreased whereas plasma T4 and GH concentrations increased compared to those of the age-matched ad libitum fed counterparts. During the subsequent ad libitum feeding period, few differences in circulating hormone concentrations were observed, except for the higher mean GH litres in previously food-restricted chickens at 35 d of age. 6. These results indicate that even a non-severe food restriction negatively affects body weight of 42-d-old male broilers but these are benefits with improved food efficiency and diminished mortality from metabolic disturbances. The hormone results suggest that the degree of food restriction applied was not severe because there was a very fast adaptive response with small and transient alterations in T3, T4 and GH plasma concentrations during the period of compensatory growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gonzales
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Production, UNESP, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
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16
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Peebles FD, Cheaney JD, Brake JD, Boyle CR, Latour MA. Effects of added dietary lard on body weight and serum glucose and low density lipoprotein cholesterol in randombred broiler chickens. Poult Sci 1997; 76:29-36. [PMID: 9037685 DOI: 10.1093/ps/76.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of dietary lard on serum glucose (GLU) and lipids were determined in Athens-Canadian randombred broiler chickens. Birds were provided either 0, 3, or 7% added lard in nonisocaloric starter diets through 10 d of age (S1), followed by either 3 or 7% added dietary lard through 21 d of age (S2). A common grower diet was fed to all birds after 21 d. Body and organ weights, feed conversion, and concentrations of various blood constituents, including serum GLU and lipids, were determined weekly from 14 to 42 d of age. Constant levels of added fat in both S1 and S2 diets generally led to higher BW in males at 42 d. Relative testes weight at 14 d was higher in males fed 3% than in those fed 7% S2 diets, whereas 7% added lard in S2 diets preceded by no added fat in S1 diets resulted in higher relative spleen weights in males at 42 d. Serum GLU concentrations were highest in males that received 3% lard rather than no added lard in the S1 diet. Serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) concentrations at 14 d were highest in females fed constant levels of lard at either 3 or 7% in both starter periods. It was concluded that added lard fed to randombred chickens at various times and levels in starter diets elicited responses in organ weight and serum LDLC and GLU concentrations that varied with the sex and age of the bird and were not consistently related to BW.
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Affiliation(s)
- F D Peebles
- Poultry Science Department, Mississippi State University, Mississippi 39762, USA
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17
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Marks HL. Long-term selection for body weight in Japanese quail under different environments. Poult Sci 1996; 75:1198-203. [PMID: 8893294 DOI: 10.3382/ps.0751198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term selection was conducted for high 4-wk BW in Japanese quail under different selection environments to investigate selection limits and to determine whether genetic parameters for growth are similar to those in chickens. Quail lines were selected under an adequate 28% CP diet (P line) and under a low 20% CP diet (T line). Mean realized heritabilities ranged from 0.32 (T line) to 0.49 (P line) during the first 10 generations. Although genetic variation remained following 97 generations of selection, realized heritabilities obtained agreed with theoretical predictions of loss of additive genetic variability with continuous selection. Similarity of heritability estimates indicates that Japanese quail are an excellent model for genetic studies of growth in meat-type chickens. Positive relationships accompanying selection for high 4-wk BW were increases in adult BW, age at first egg, and egg weight. Negative relationships were decreases in percentage fertility and hatchability, and egg production. Increased growth rate in selected lines was accompanied by an increase in feed and water intake, and by improvement in feed efficiency. Feed efficiency differences appeared to be important only immediately following hatch, whereas feed intake differences were present from 0 to 4 wk. Evidence of major physiological changes accompanying selection for growth were not observed. However, changes were observed in increased "resource allocations" to supply organs, during late embryonic stages and the 1st wk posthatch. Carcass composition was similar between unselected and selected lines except for higher fat and lower moisture levels in selected lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Marks
- USDA, Agricultural Research Service, Southeastern Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, Georgia, USA
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18
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Gvaryahu G, Shalev U, Robinzon B, Snapir N. Intermingling heavy and light strain chickens may cause social stress. Poult Sci 1996; 75:849-51. [PMID: 8805200 DOI: 10.3382/ps.0750849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study examines the effects of intermingling day-old broiler chicks with 2-wk-old light strain chicks, on body weight, general activity, feeding behavior, feather condition, and heart size of the broilers. Fifteen groups of chicks (five for each treatment) were raised until 6 wk of age in 1 x 2 m experimental pens. Each group consisted of 10 broiler chicks in Treatment 1 (control pens), 8 broiler, and 2 light strain chicks in Treatment 2 (8:2), and 5 broiler with 5 light strain chicks in Treatment 3 (5:5). The feeding program consisted of a commercial starter ration (21% protein, 3,000 kcal ME/kg) for the first 4 wk followed by a finishing ration (18% protein, 3,150 kcal ME/kg). Feed and water were provided for ad libitum consumption. Body weight did not differ between Treatment 1 (controls) and the "intermingled" broilers. Feather condition was significantly poorer among the 5: 5 groups than in the controls. Heart weight (a possible indicator of chronic stress) in broilers of the 5:5 groups was significantly heavier than in the controls. No differences in the general activity parameters were found between broilers of the various treatments. Pecking at feed among broilers was significantly greater (P < 0.05) in the 8:2 groups than in both control and 5:5 groups. During the first 6 wk after hatching, intermingling broiler chicks with equal numbers of light strain chicks that are 2 wk older may lead to long-term chronic stress for the broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Gvaryahu
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel
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Griffin HD, Goddard C. Rapidly growing broiler (meat-type) chickens: their origin and use for comparative studies of the regulation of growth. THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY 1994; 26:19-28. [PMID: 8138043 DOI: 10.1016/0020-711x(94)90190-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
1. Rapidly growing (meat-type) chickens have been intensively selected for over 50 years and grow up to four times faster than "layer" strains selected for reproductive traits. 2. Comparison between these lines are increasingly being used to study mechanisms underlying lean tissue growth. 3. Selection for increased growth has resulted in some undesirable consequences such as poor reproductive performance, excessive fatness, increased skeletal abnormalities and ascites. 4. The biochemistry, physiology and molecular biology of these changes are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- H D Griffin
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, AFRC Roslin Institute (Edinburgh), Midlothian, U.K
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20
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Marks HL. Carcass composition, feed intake, and feed efficiency following long-term selection for four-week body weight in Japanese quail. Poult Sci 1993; 72:1005-11. [PMID: 8321810 DOI: 10.3382/ps.0721005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
A study was conducted to determine BW, feed intake, feed efficiency, and carcass composition changes following 51 generations of selection for high 4-wk BW in Japanese quail. Quail lines utilized were the P line selected for high 4-wk BW on a normal 28% CP diet and the unselected base population (C line) from which the P line originated. Body weight, feed intake, and feed efficiency data were collected daily from 1 to 28 days, whereas percentage carcass water, ash, protein, and total lipid data were obtained at 0, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, 42, and 56 days of age. Body weights of P line quail were significantly (P < .05) larger than BW of C line quail at all ages with the greatest deviation occurring at the age of selection. Feed intake was significantly greater in the P line and paralleled BW increases. When feed intake was adjusted for differences in BW, P line quail consumed less feed per gram of BW than C line quail and adjusted feed intake declined with age after Week 1. The P line quail had superior feed efficiency compared with C line quail from 1 to 13 days of age with the greatest deviation immediately posthatch. Carcass composition determinations revealed significant (P < .05) age and line effects. Both percentage ash and protein increased from hatch to 14 days and thereafter remained constant. However, percentage water and total lipid demonstrated contrasting responses to increasing age; percentage water declined whereas percentage total lipid increased. The P line quail had less carcass water and protein, but had more lipid.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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Affiliation(s)
- H L Marks
- United States Department of Agriculture, University of Georgia, Athens 30602-2772
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21
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Ingestive behavior and growth when chicks from lines differing in feed consumption are reared separately or intermingled. Appl Anim Behav Sci 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/0168-1591(93)90087-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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