Determination of β-Blockers in Bovine and Porcine Tissues and Bovine Milk by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography – Tandem Mass Spectrometry

Development of a method for the determination of sedatives in bovine and porcine urine and kidneys by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

Introduction

Sedatives have been used for a long time as animal tranquillisers to prevent stress and weight loss during their transportation. The proper determination of these substances in food of animal origin is essential for consumer safety.

Material and Methods

A 1 g portion of pig or cow urine or homogenised kidney was mixed with acetonitrile, sodium chloride was added, and the solution was further mixed and then centrifuged. The supernatant was transferred to a new centrifuge tube with primary and secondary amine, octadecylsilane and ZrO2, and mixed rapidly. The filtered solution was evaporated under a nitrogen stream. The residue was dissolved in 200 μL of acetonitrile, centrifuged with filters and then transferred to vials. Samples were analysed by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Results

The decision limit for confirmation was calculated at 2.5 μg kg-1 for all sedatives with relative standard deviation repeatability and reproducibility below 20%.

Conclusion

The validation results showed that this method meets the pertinent EU criteria for such methods and is suitable for sedative analysis in urine and kidney matrices.

Rapid and sensitive analysis of trace β-blockers by magnetic solid-phase extraction coupled with fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

A rapid and sensitive method for analyzing trace β-blockers in complex biological samples, which involved magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE) coupled with Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS), was developed. Novel nanosilver-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles with an interlayer of poly(3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine) (polyDOPA@Ag-MNPs) were synthesized and used as MSPE adsorbents to extract trace β-blockers from biological samples. After extraction, the analytes loaded on the polyDOPA@Ag-MNPs were desorbed using an organic solvent and analyzed by FTICR-MS. The method was rapid and sensitive, with a total detection procedure of less than 10 min as well as limits of detection and quantification in the ranges of 3.5–6.8 pg/mL and 11.7–22.8 pg/mL, respectively. The accuracy of the method was also desirable, with recoveries ranging from 80.9% to 91.0% following the detection of analytes in human blood samples. All the experimental results demonstrated that the developed MSPE-FTICR-MS method was suitable for the rapid and sensitive analysis of trace β-blockers in complex biological samples.

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A MSPE-FTICR-MS method was developed for the rapid and sensitive analysis of β-blockers.

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Novel magnetic nanoparticles (polyDOPA@Ag-MNPs) were synthesized.

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The polyDOPA@Ag-MNPs showed high enrichment capacity during MSPE of β-blockers.

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The loaded β-blockers were desorbed and analyzed using ESI-FTICR-MS.

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Trace β-blockers in human blood were successfully detected.

Salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for the determination of vitamin D3 in milk samples

In this study, salting-out assisted liquid-liquid extraction (SALLE) as a simple and efficient extraction technique followed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was employed for the determination of vitamin D3 in milk samples. The sample treatment is based on the use of water-miscible acetonitrile as the extractant and acetonitrile phase separation under high-salt conditions. Under the optimum conditions, acetonitrile and ammonium sulfate were used as the extraction solvent and salting-out agent, respectively. The vitamin D3 extract was separated using Hypersil ODS (250x i.d 4.6 mm, 5 µm) HPLC column that was coupled with diode array detector. Vitamin D2 was used as internal standard (IS) to offset any variations in chromatographic conditions. The vitamin D3 and the IS were eluted in 18 min. Good linearity (r 2 > 0.99) was obtained within the range of 25-600 ng g-1 with the limit of detection of 15 ng g-1 and limit of quantification of 25 ng g-1. The validated method was applied for the determination of vitamin D3 in milk samples. The recoveries for spiked samples were from 94.4 to 113.5%.