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Liu M, Sun L, Cao Y, Xu H, Zhou X. Acetylation proteomics and metabolomics analyses reveal the involvement of starch synthase undergoing acetylation modification during UV-B stress resistance in Rhododendron Chrysanthum Pall. Hereditas 2024; 161:15. [PMID: 38702800 PMCID: PMC11067277 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-024-00320-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rhododendron chrysanthum Pall. (R. chrysanthum) is a plant that lives in high mountain with strong UV-B radiation, so R. chrysanthum possess resistance to UV-B radiation. The process of stress resistance in plants is closely related to metabolism. Lysine acetylation is an important post-translational modification, and this modification process is involved in a variety of biological processes, and affected the expression of enzymes in metabolic processes. However, little is known about acetylation proteomics during UV-B stress resistance in R. chrysanthum. RESULTS In this study, R. chrysanthum OJIP curves indicated that UV-B stress damaged the receptor side of the PSII reaction center, with a decrease in photosynthesis, a decrease in sucrose content and an increase in starch content. A total of 807 differentially expressed proteins, 685 differentially acetylated proteins and 945 acetylation sites were identified by quantitative proteomic and acetylation modification histological analysis. According to COG and subcellular location analyses, DEPs with post-translational modification of proteins and carbohydrate metabolism had important roles in resistance to UV-B stress and DEPs were concentrated in chloroplasts. KEGG analyses showed that DEPs were enriched in starch and sucrose metabolic pathways. Analysis of acetylation modification histology showed that the enzymes in the starch and sucrose metabolic pathways underwent acetylation modification and the modification levels were up-regulated. Further analysis showed that only GBSS and SSGBSS changed to DEPs after undergoing acetylation modification. Metabolomics analyses showed that the metabolite content of starch and sucrose metabolism in R. chrysanthum under UV-B stress. CONCLUSIONS Decreased photosynthesis in R. chrysanthum under UV-B stress, which in turn affects starch and sucrose metabolism. In starch synthesis, GBSS undergoes acetylation modification and the level is upregulated, promotes starch synthesis, making R. chrysanthum resistant to UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Liu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Li Sun
- Siping Central People's Hospital, Siping, China
| | - Yuhang Cao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Hongwei Xu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China
| | - Xiaofu Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Science and Green Production, Jilin Normal University, Siping, China.
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2
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Narra F, Castagna A, Palai G, Havlík J, Bergo AM, D'Onofrio C, Ranieri A, Santin M. Postharvest UV-B exposure drives changes in primary metabolism, phenolic concentration, and volatilome profile in berries of different grape (Vitis vinifera L.) varieties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:6340-6351. [PMID: 37195064 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation can alter grape metabolism during berry development, but little is known on the effect of postharvest UV-B exposure. In this study, we evaluated the effect of postharvest UV-B exposure on berry primary and secondary metabolites in four grapevine varieties (Aleatico, Moscato bianco, Sangiovese, and Vermentino) in order to evaluate the possibility to increase the grape quality and its nutraceutical properties. RESULTS The treatment did not significantly affect the berry primary metabolism in terms of organic acids, carbohydrates, and amino acids profile, regardless of the variety. UV-B exposure reduced the total anthocyanin content, particularly the tri-substituted and di-substituted forms in Aleatico and Sangiovese, respectively. An overall negative effect of UV-B irradiation on the flavonols profile of Aleatico, Moscato bianco, and Vermentino berries was found, whereas it enhanced the quercetin, myricetin and kaempferol concentration in Sangiovese. The free fraction of berry volatile organic compounds increased in UV-B-treated Aleatico and Moscato bianco berries, especially C13 -norisoprenoids and volatile phenols, as well as key monoterpenes, such as the linalool derivatives. However, higher concentrations of glycosylated monoterpenes and C13 -norisoprenoids were measured in Sangiovese and Vermentino berries treated with UV-B. CONCLUSION This study provides new insights on the effect of postharvest UV-B radiation on berry secondary metabolism, highlighting a different modulation between varieties and suggesting the potential use of this technique to increase some nutraceutical and quality characteristics of grape berry. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Narra
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Castagna
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Giacomo Palai
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Jaroslav Havlík
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Mascellani Bergo
- Department of Food Science, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Suchdol, Czech Republic
| | - Claudio D'Onofrio
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annamaria Ranieri
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Santin
- Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- Interdepartmental Research Center 'Nutraceuticals and Food for Health', University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Mu H, Li Y, Yuan L, Jiang J, Wei Y, Duan W, Fan P, Li S, Liang Z, Wang L. MYB30 and MYB14 form a repressor-activator module with WRKY8 that controls stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:552-573. [PMID: 36255259 PMCID: PMC9806661 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
When exposed to pathogen infection or ultraviolet (UV) radiation, grapevine (Vitis vinifera) plants rapidly accumulate the stilbenoid resveratrol (Res) with concomitant increase of stilbene synthase (STS), the key enzyme in stilbene biosynthesis. Although a few transcription factors have been shown to regulate STSs, the molecular mechanism governing the regulation of STSs is not well elucidated. Our previous work showed that a VvMYB14-VvWRKY8 regulatory loop fine-tunes stilbene biosynthesis in grapevine through protein-protein interaction; overexpression of VvWRKY8 down-regulates VvMYB14 and VvSTS15/21; and application of exogenous Res up-regulates WRKY8 expression. Here, we identified an R2R3-MYB repressor, VvMYB30, which competes with the activator VvMYB14 for binding to the common binding sites in the VvSTS15/21 promoter. Similar to VvMYB14, VvMYB30 physically interacts with VvWRKY8 through their N-termini, forming a complex that does not bind DNA. Exposure to UV-B/C stress induces VvMYB14, VvWRKY8, and VvSTS15/21, but represses VvMYB30 in grapevine leaves. In addition, MYB30 expression is up-regulated by VvWRKY8-overexpression or exogenous Res. These findings suggest that the VvMYB14-VvWRKY8-VvMYB30 regulatory circuit allows grapevine to respond to UV stress by producing Res and prevents over-accumulation of Res to balance metabolic costs. Our work highlights the stress-mediated induction and feedback inhibition of stilbene biosynthesis through a complex regulatory network involving multiple positive and negative transcriptional regulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huayuan Mu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yang Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ling Yuan
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40546, USA
- Key Laboratory of South China Agricultural Plant Molecular Analysis and Genetic Improvement and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Jinzhu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Yongzan Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Wei Duan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Peige Fan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Shaohua Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhenchang Liang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Lijun Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Grape Sciences and Enology, CAS Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- Chinese National Botany Garden, Beijing 100093, China
- LIA INNOGRAPE International Associated Laboratory, Beijing 100093, China
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4
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Tossi VE, Regalado JJ, Iannicelli J, Laino LE, Burrieza HP, Escandón AS, Pitta-Álvarez SI. Beyond Arabidopsis: Differential UV-B Response Mediated by UVR8 in Diverse Species. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:780. [PMID: 31275337 PMCID: PMC6591365 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B, 280-315 nm) is an important environmental signal that regulates growth and development in plants. Two dose-dependent UV-B response pathways were described in plants: a specific one, mediated by UVR8 (the specific UV-B receptor) and an unspecific one, activated by the oxidative damage produced by radiation. The constitutively expressed receptor appears inactive as a dimer, with the two monomers dissociating upon UV-B irradiation. The monomer then interacts with COP1, an ubiquitin ligase, hindering its ability to poly-ubiquitinate transcriptional factor HY5, thus averting its degradation and activating the photomorphogenic response. HY5 induces the synthesis of proteins RUP1 and RUP2, which interact with UVR8, releasing COP1, and inducing the re-dimerization of UVR8. This mechanism has been thoroughly characterized in Arabidopsis, where studies have demonstrated that the UVR8 receptor is key in UV-B response. Although Arabidopsis importance as a model plant many mechanisms described in this specie differ in other plants. In this paper, we review the latest information regarding UV-B response mediated by UVR8 in different species, focusing on the differences reported compared to Arabidopsis. For instance, UVR8 is not only induced by UV-B but also by other agents that are expressed differentially in diverse tissues. Also, in some of the species analyzed, proteins with low homology to RUP1 and RUP2 were detected. We also discuss how UVR8 is involved in other developmental and stress processes unrelated to UV-B. We conclude that the receptor is highly versatile, showing differences among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanesa Eleonora Tossi
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Experimental de Plantas y Microalgas, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Micología y Botánica, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jose Javier Regalado
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Experimental de Plantas y Microalgas, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Micología y Botánica, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jesica Iannicelli
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- CONICET-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Leandro Ezequiel Laino
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Experimental de Plantas y Microalgas, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hernan Pablo Burrieza
- Laboratorio de biología del desarrollo de las plantas, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Alejandro Salvio Escandón
- Instituto de Genética “Ewald A. Favret,” Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sandra Irene Pitta-Álvarez
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Experimental de Plantas y Microalgas, Departamento de Biodiversidad y Biología Experimental, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto de Micología y Botánica, CONICET-Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Sandra Irene Pitta-Álvarez ;
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5
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Chen Y, Zhang X, Guo Q, Liu L, Li C, Cao L, Qin Q, Zhao M, Wang W. Effects of UV-B Radiation on the Content of Bioactive Components and the Antioxidant Activity of Prunella vulgaris L. Spica during Development. Molecules 2018; 23:molecules23050989. [PMID: 29695057 PMCID: PMC6099561 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23050989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2018] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of UV-B radiation on the content of bioactive components and the antioxidant activity of Prunella vulgaris L. spica during development were studied. The experimental design involved two levels of UV-B radiation intensity (0 and 120 μW cm-2 nm-1). The results showed that the contents of total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, caffeic acid and hyperoside, as well as the antioxidant capacities (DPPH● and ABTS•+ scavenging activities), in the spicas significantly decreased during spica development. The content of salviaflaside in the spicas significantly increased during development. The highest contents of total flavonoids, rosmarinic acid, and caffeic acid and the highest antioxidant activities were found in spicas in the full-flowering stage, while the highest content of hyperoside was found in spicas in the bud stage. In addition, the highest content of salviaflaside was found in spicas in the mature-fruiting stage. UV-B radiation significantly promoted the synthesis of secondary metabolites, increased the contents of the main bioactive components in the three developmental stages of isolated dried spicas, and significantly increased the DPPH● and ABTS•+ scavenging activities of P. vulgaris spicas in the mature-fruiting stage. Moreover, the total flavonoids content was positively correlated with the DPPH● and ABTS•+ scavenging activities, and the correlation with the DPPH● scavenging activity was very strong. This result shows that the highest contents of the main bioactive components in the spicas were not all found in the same developmental stages of P. vulgaris. Our research revealed that the best stage for harvesting P. vulgaris spica was between the bud stage and the full-flowering stage since harvesting at this point provides a higher content of bioactive components and a higher antioxidant capacity, which is relevant for medicinal applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Special Structure Drugs, Sichuan Institution of Higher Education/Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Xuerong Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Qiaosheng Guo
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Li Liu
- Institute of Chinese Medicinal Materials, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Chen Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Special Structure Drugs, Sichuan Institution of Higher Education/Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Liping Cao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Special Structure Drugs, Sichuan Institution of Higher Education/Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Qin Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Special Structure Drugs, Sichuan Institution of Higher Education/Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Miao Zhao
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
- Key Laboratory of Small Molecule Special Structure Drugs, Sichuan Institution of Higher Education/Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610500, China.
| | - Wenming Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
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6
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Václavík T, Beckmann M, Cord AF, Bindewald AM. Effects of UV-B radiation on leaf hair traits of invasive plants-Combining historical herbarium records with novel remote sensing data. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175671. [PMID: 28414764 PMCID: PMC5393584 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is a key but under-researched environmental factor that initiates diverse responses in plants, potentially affecting their distribution. To date, only a few macroecological studies have examined adaptations of plant species to different levels of UV-B. Here, we combined herbarium specimens of Hieracium pilosella L. and Echium vulgare L. with a novel UV-B dataset to examine differences in leaf hair traits between the plants' native and alien ranges. We analysed scans of 336 herbarium specimens using standardized measurements of leaf area, hair density (both species) and hair length (H. pilosella only). While accounting for other bioclimatic variables (i.e. temperature, precipitation) and effects of herbivory, we examined whether UV-B exposure explains the variability and geographical distribution of these traits in the native (Northern Hemisphere) vs. the alien (Southern Hemisphere) range. UV-B explained the largest proportion of the variability and geographical distribution of hair length in H. pilosella (relative influence 67.1%), and hair density in E. vulgare (66.2%). Corresponding with higher UV-B, foliar hairs were 25% longer for H. pilosella and 25% denser for E. vulgare in records from the Southern as compared to those from the Northern Hemisphere. However, focusing on each hemisphere separately or controlling for its effect in a regression analysis, we found no apparent influence of UV-B radiation on hair traits. Thus, our findings did not confirm previous experimental studies which suggested that foliar hairs may respond to higher UV-B intensities, presumably offering protection against detrimental levels of radiation. We cannot rule out UV-B radiation as a possible driver because UV-B radiation was the only considered variable that differed substantially between the hemispheres, while bioclimatic conditions (e.g. temperature, precipitation) and other considered variables (herbivory damage, collection date) were at similar levels. However, given that either non-significant or inconclusive relationships were detected within hemispheres, alternative explanations of the differences in foliar hairs are more likely, including the effects of environment, genotypes or herbivory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomáš Václavík
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Leipzig, Germany
- Palacký University Olomouc, Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Beckmann
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anna F Cord
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anja M Bindewald
- UFZ-Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Computational Landscape Ecology, Leipzig, Germany
- University of Applied Sciences Bremen, Bremen, Germany
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7
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Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Acevedo P, Loyola R, Arce-Johnson P, Alberdi M, Reyes-Díaz M. Short-term UV-B radiation affects photosynthetic performance and antioxidant gene expression in highbush blueberry leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2016; 107:301-309. [PMID: 27343876 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The impact of increased artificial UV-B radiation on photosynthetic performance, antioxidant and SOD activities and molecular antioxidant metabolism responses in leaves of two highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Brigitta and Bluegold) genotypes was studied. Plants were grown in a solid substrate and exposed to 0, 0.07, 0.12 and 0.19 W m(-2) of biologically-effective UV-B irradiance for 0-72 h. Our findings show that net photosynthesis (Pn) decreased significantly in Bluegold, accompanied by a reduction in the effective quantum yield (ФPSII) and electron transport rate (ETR), especially at the highest UV-B irradiation. On the other hand, Brigitta showed a better photosynthetic performance, as well as a clear increment in the antioxidant activity response that could be associated with increased superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) in the early hours of induced UV-B stress in all treatments. At the molecular level, the expression of the three antioxidant genes evaluated in both genotypes had a similar tendency. However, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) expression was significantly increased (6-fold) in Bluegold compared to Brigitta. Thus, the reduction of Pn concomitant with a lower photochemical performance and a reduced response of antioxidant metabolism suggest that the Bluegold genotype is more sensitive to UV-B radiation, while Brigitta appears to tolerate better moderate UV-B irradiance in a short-term experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Inostroza-Blancheteau
- Núcleo de Investigación en Producción Alimentaría (NIPA-UCT), Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile; Escuela de Agronomía, Facultad de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Católica de Temuco, P.O. Box 56-D, Temuco, Chile.
| | - Patricio Acevedo
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Center for Optics and Photonics, Universidad de Concepción, Casilla 4012, Concepción, Chile
| | - Rodrigo Loyola
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Arce-Johnson
- Departamento de Genética Molecular y Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, P.O. Box 114-D, Santiago, Chile
| | - Miren Alberdi
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
| | - Marjorie Reyes-Díaz
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile; Center of Plant, Soil Interaction and Natural Resources Biotechnology, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus (BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, P.O. Box 54-D, Temuco, Chile
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8
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Li Q, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang X, Zhang S, Bo L, Wang Y, Ding Y, An L. Putrescine protects hulless barley from damage due to UV-B stress via H2S- and H2O2-mediated signaling pathways. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2016; 35:1155-68. [PMID: 26910861 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-016-1952-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/05/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
In hulless barley, H 2 S mediated increases in H 2 O 2 induced by putrescine, and their interaction enhanced tolerance to UV-B by maintaining redox homeostasis and promoting the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds. This study investigated the possible relationship between putrescence (Put), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) as well as the underlying mechanism of their interaction in reducing UV-B induced damage. UV-B radiation increased electrolyte leakage (EL) and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and UV-absorbing compounds but reduced antioxidant enzyme activities and glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) contents. Exogenous application of Put, H2S or H2O2 reduced some of the above-mentioned negative effects, but were enhanced by the addition of Put, H2S and H2O2 inhibitors. Moreover, the protective effect of Put against UV-B radiation-induced damage to hulless barley was diminished by DL-propargylglycine (PAG, a H2S biosynthesis inhibitor), hydroxylamine (HT, a H2S scavenger), diphenylene iodonium (DPI, a PM-NADPH oxidase inhibitor) and dimethylthiourea (DMTU, a ROS scavenger), and the effect of Put on H2O2 accumulation was abolished by HT. Taken together, as the downstream component of the Put signaling pathway, H2S mediated H2O2 accumulation, and H2O2 induced the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds and maintained redox homeostasis under UV-B stress, thereby increasing the tolerance of hulless barley seedlings to UV-B stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qien Li
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
- Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of Lhari, 18 South Renmin Road, Lhari, 852000, Nagchu, China
| | - Zhaofeng Wang
- Life Science of College, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou, 730070, Gansu, China
| | - Yanning Zhao
- Department of Biology, Qinghai University, 97 Ningzhang Road, Xining, 810016, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Shuaijun Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Letao Bo
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yao Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Yingfeng Ding
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China
| | - Lizhe An
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, Gansu, China.
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9
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Thomas BC, Neale PJ, Snyder BR. Solar irradiance changes and photobiological effects at earth's surface following astrophysical ionizing radiation events. ASTROBIOLOGY 2015; 15:207-220. [PMID: 25692406 DOI: 10.1089/ast.2014.1224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Astrophysical ionizing radiation events have been recognized as a potential threat to life on Earth, primarily through depletion of stratospheric ozone and subsequent increase in surface-level solar ultraviolet radiation. Simulations of the atmospheric effects of a variety of events (such as supernovae, gamma-ray bursts, and solar proton events) have been previously published, along with estimates of biological damage at Earth's surface. In this work, we employed the Tropospheric Ultraviolet and Visible (TUV) radiative transfer model to expand and improve calculations of surface-level irradiance and biological impacts following an ionizing radiation event. We considered changes in surface-level UVB, UVA, and photosynthetically active radiation (visible light) for clear-sky conditions and fixed aerosol parameter values. We also considered a wide range of biological effects on organisms ranging from humans to phytoplankton. We found that past work overestimated UVB irradiance but that relative estimates for increase in exposure to DNA-damaging radiation are still similar to our improved calculations. We also found that the intensity of biologically damaging radiation varies widely with organism and specific impact considered; these results have implications for biosphere-level damage following astrophysical ionizing radiation events. When considering changes in surface-level visible light irradiance, we found that, contrary to previous assumptions, a decrease in irradiance is only present for a short time in very limited geographical areas; instead we found a net increase for most of the modeled time-space region. This result has implications for proposed climate changes associated with ionizing radiation events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian C Thomas
- 1 Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washburn University , Topeka, Kansas
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Bacelar E, Moutinho-Pereira J, Ferreira H, Correia C. Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Radiation Affect Growth, Yield and Physiological Processes on Triticale Plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.proenv.2015.07.281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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11
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Inostroza-Blancheteau C, Reyes-Díaz M, Arellano A, Latsague M, Acevedo P, Loyola R, Arce-Johnson P, Alberdi M. Effects of UV-B radiation on anatomical characteristics, phenolic compounds and gene expression of the phenylpropanoid pathway in highbush blueberry leaves. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2014; 85:85-95. [PMID: 25394804 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2014.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The effects of increased doses of UV-B radiation on anatomical, biochemical and molecular features of leaves of two highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L. cv. Brigitta and Bluegold) genotypes were investigated. Plants were grown in a solid substrate and exposed to 0, 0.07, 0.12 and 0.19 Wm(-2) of biologically effective UV-B radiation for up to 72 h. Leaf thickness and the adaxial epidermis thickness fell more than 3-fold in both genotypes at the highest UV-B dose. Moreover, in Bluegold an evident disorganization in the different cell layers was observed at the highest UV-B radiation. A significant decrease in chlorophyll a/b after 6 h in Brigitta under the greater UV-B doses was observed. Anthocyanin and total phenolics were increased, especially at 0.19 Wm(-2), when compared to the control in both genotypes.Chlorogenic acid was the most abundant hydroxycinnamic acid in Brigitta, and was significantly higher (P ≤ 0.05) than in Bluegold leaves. Regarding the expression of phenylpropanoid genes, only the transcription factor VcMYBPA1 showed a significant and sustained induction at higher doses of UV-B radiation in both genotypes compared to the controls. Thus, the reduction of leaf thickness concomitant with a lower lipid peroxidation and rapid enhancement of secondary metabolites, accompanied by a stable induction of the VcMYBPA1 transcription factor suggest a better performance against UV-B radiation of the Brigitta genotype.
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Beckmann M, Václavík T, Manceur AM, Šprtová L, von Wehrden H, Welk E, Cord AF. glUV: a global UV-B radiation data set for macroecological studies. Methods Ecol Evol 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/2041-210x.12168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Beckmann
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Am Kirchtor 1 06108 Halle Germany
| | - Tomáš Václavík
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Science; Palacký University Olomouc; tř. Svobody 26 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
| | - Ameur M. Manceur
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
- Department of Community Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Theodor-Lieser-Str 4, 06120 Halle Germany
| | - Lenka Šprtová
- Department of Ecology and Environmental Sciences; Faculty of Science; Palacký University Olomouc; tř. Svobody 26 77146 Olomouc Czech Republic
- Schwestern von Betlehem; Kloster Maria im Paradies; 5621 St. Veit im Pongau Austria
| | - Henrik von Wehrden
- Institute of Ecology/Faculty of Sustainability; Leuphana University Lüneburg; Scharnhorststr. 1 21335 Lüneburg Germany
- Center for Methods; Leuphana University Lüneburg; Scharnhorststr. 1 21335 Lüneburg Germany
- Research Institute of Wildlife Ecology; Savoyen Strasse 1 Vienna 1160 Austria
| | - Erik Welk
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical Garden; Martin Luther University Halle Wittenberg; Am Kirchtor 1 06108 Halle Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig; Deutscher Platz 5d 04103 Leipzig Germany
| | - Anna F. Cord
- Department of Computational Landscape Ecology; UFZ - Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; Permoserstraße 15 04318 Leipzig Germany
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Gil M, Bottini R, Berli F, Pontin M, Silva MF, Piccoli P. Volatile organic compounds characterized from grapevine (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec) berries increase at pre-harvest and in response to UV-B radiation. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2013; 96:148-57. [PMID: 24075072 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2013.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultraviolet-B solar radiation (UV-B) is an environmental signal with biological effects in plant tissues. Recent investigations have assigned a protective role of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plant tissues submitted to biotic and abiotic stresses. This study investigated VOCs in berries at three developmental stages (veraison, pre-harvest and harvest) of Vitis vinifera L. cv. Malbec exposed (or not) to UV-B both, in in vitro and field experiments. By Head Space-Solid Phase Micro Extraction-Gas Chromatography-Electron Impact Mass Spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-EIMS) analysis, 10 VOCs were identified at all developmental stages: four monoterpenes, three aldehydes, two alcohols and one ketone. Monoterpenes increased at pre-harvest and in response to UV-B in both, in vitro and field conditions. UV-B also augmented levels of some aldehydes, alcohols and ketones. These results along with others from the literature suggest that UV-B induce grape berries to produce VOCs (mainly monoterpenes) that protect the tissues from UV-B itself and other abiotic and biotic stresses, and could affect the wine flavor. Higher emission of monoterpenes was observed in the field experiments as compared in vitro, suggesting the UV-B/PAR ratio is not a signal in itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Gil
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica Vegetal, Instituto de Biología Agrícola de Mendoza, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas-Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, M5528AHB Chacras de Coria, Argentina
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Singh S, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB. Differential sensitivity of spinach and amaranthus to enhanced UV-B at varying soil nutrient levels: association with gas exchange, UV-B-absorbing compounds and membrane damage. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2013; 115:123-138. [PMID: 23686471 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-013-9841-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 04/26/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic reasons associated with differential sensitivity of C3 and C4 plant species to enhanced UV-B under varying soil nutrient levels are not well understood. In the present study, spinach (Spinacia oleracea L. var All Green), a C3 and amaranthus (Amaranthus tricolor L. var Pusa Badi Chaulai), a C4 plant were subjected to enhanced UV-B (280-315 nm; 7.2 kJ m(-2) day(-1)) over ambient under varying soil nutrient levels. The nutrient amendments were recommended Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Potassium (K), 1.5× recommended NPK, 1.5× recommended N and 1.5× recommended K. Enhanced UV-B negatively affected both the species at all nutrient levels, but the reductions varied with nutrient concentration and combinations. Reductions in photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and chlorophyll content were significantly more in spinach compared with amaranthus. The reduction in photosynthetic rate was maximum at 1.5× recommended K and minimum in 1.5× NPK amended plants. The oxidative damage to membranes measured in terms of malondialdehyde content was significantly higher in spinach compared with amaranthus. Enhanced UV-B reduced SOD activity in both the plants except in amaranthus at 1.5× recommended K. POX activity increased under enhanced UV-B at all nutrient levels in amaranthus, but only at 1.5× K in spinach. Amaranthus had significantly higher UV-B-absorbing compounds than spinach even under UV-B stress. Lowest reductions in yield and total biomass under enhanced UV-B compared with ambient were observed in amaranthus grown at 1.5× recommended NPK. Enhanced UV-B did not significantly change the nitrogen use efficiency in amaranthus at all NPK levels, but reduced in spinach except at 1.5× K. These findings suggest that the differential sensitivity of the test species under enhanced UV-B at varying nutrient levels is due to varying antioxidative and UV-B screening capacity, and their ability to utilize nutrients. Amaranthus tolerated enhanced UV-B stress more than spinach at all nutrient levels and 1.5× recommended NPK lowered the sensitivity maximally to enhanced UV-B with respect to photosynthesis, biomass and yield. PCA score has also confirmed the lower sensitivity of amaranthus compared with spinach with respect to the measured physiological and biochemical parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suruchi Singh
- Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
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Rai R, Meena RP, Smita SS, Shukla A, Rai SK, Pandey-Rai S. UV-B and UV-C pre-treatments induce physiological changes and artemisinin biosynthesis in Artemisia annua L. – An antimalarial plant. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2011; 105:216-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2011.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 09/23/2011] [Accepted: 09/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Zhang M, Dong JF, Jin HH, Sun LN, Xu MJ. Ultraviolet-B-induced flavonoid accumulation in Betula pendula leaves is dependent upon nitrate reductase-mediated nitric oxide signaling. TREE PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 31:798-807. [PMID: 21813515 DOI: 10.1093/treephys/tpr070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Nitric oxide (NO) is an important signaling molecule involved in many physiological processes in plants. Nitric oxide generation and flavonoid accumulation are two early reactions of plants to ultraviolet-B (UV-B) irradiation. However, the source of UV-B-triggered NO generation and the role of NO in UV-B-induced flavonoid accumulation are not fully understood. In order to evaluate the origin of UV-B-triggered NO generation, we examined the responses of nitrate reductase (NR) activity and the expression levels of NIA1 and NIA2 genes in leaves of Betula pendula Roth (silver birch) seedlings to UV-B irradiation. The data show that UV-B irradiation stimulates NR activity and induces up-regulation of NIA1 but does not affect NIA2 expression during UV-B-triggered NO generation. Pretreatment of the leaves with NR inhibitors tungstate (TUN) and glutamine (Gln) abolishes not only UV-B-triggered NR activities but also UV-B-induced NO generation. Furthermore, application of TUN and Gln suppresses UV-B-induced flavonoid production in the leaves and the suppression of NR inhibitors on UV-B-induced flavonoid production can be reversed by NO via its donor sodium nitroprusside. Together, the data indicate that NIA1 in the leaves of silver birch seedlings is sensitive to UV-B and the UV-B-induced up-regulation of NIA1 may lead to enhancement of NR activity. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that NR is involved in UV-B-triggered NO generation and NR-mediated NO generation is essential for UV-B-induced flavonoid accumulation in silver birch leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310015, China
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17
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Berli FJ, Moreno D, Piccoli P, Hespanhol-Viana L, Silva MF, Bressan-Smith R, Cavagnaro JB, Bottini R. Abscisic acid is involved in the response of grape (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Malbec leaf tissues to ultraviolet-B radiation by enhancing ultraviolet-absorbing compounds, antioxidant enzymes and membrane sterols. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2010; 33:1-10. [PMID: 19781012 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2009.02044.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the interactions of abscisic acid (ABA) in the responses of grape leaf tissues to contrasting ultraviolet (UV)-B treatments. One-year-old field-grown plants of Vitis vinifera L. were exposed to photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) where solar UV-B was eliminated by using polyester filters, or where PAR was supplemented with UV-B irradiation. Treatments combinations included weekly foliar sprays of ABA or a water control. The levels of UV-B absorbing flavonols, quercetin and kaempferol were significantly decreased by filtering out UV-B, while applied ABA increased their content. Concentration of two hydroxycinnamic acids, caffeic and ferulic acids, were also increased by ABA, but not affected by plus UV-B (+UV-B) treatments. Levels of carotenoids and activities of the antioxidant enzymes, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase were elevated by +ABA treatments, but only if +UV-B was given. Cell membrane beta-sitosterol was enhanced by ABA independently of +UV-B. Changes in photoprotective compounds, antioxidant enzymatic activities and sterols were correlated with lessened membrane harm by UV-B, as assessed by ion leakage. Oxidative damage expressed as malondialdehyde content was increased under +UV-B treatments. Our results suggest that the defence system of grape leaf tissues against UV-B is activated by UV-B irradiation with ABA acting downstream in the signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico J Berli
- Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias-CONICET, Universidad Nacional de Cuyo, Almirante Brown 500, Chacras de Coria, Argentina
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Zu YG, Pang HH, Yu JH, Li DW, Wei XX, Gao YX, Tong L. Responses in the morphology, physiology and biochemistry of Taxus chinensis var. mairei grown under supplementary UV-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2009; 98:152-8. [PMID: 20044266 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2009.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2009] [Revised: 11/27/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The effects of supplemental UV-B radiation on Taxus chinensis var. mairei were studied. Leaf traits, gas exchange parameters and the concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, cellular defense system products, secondary metabolites and ultrastructure were determined. UV-B radiation significantly decreased leaf area (p<0.05). Leaf number, secondary branch number, leaf weight per plant and leaf moisture all increased dramatically (p<0.05). Neither the leaf weight nor the specific leaf weight (SLW) exhibited significant differences between ambient and enhanced UV-B radiation. Gas exchange parameters were all dramatically reduced by enhanced UV-B radiation (p<0.05). The contents of chlorophyll and the chlorophyll a/b ratio were not distinctly affected by UV-B radiation, while carotenoids content significantly decreased (p<0.05). Supplemental UV-B treatment induced significant flavonoid accumulation (p<0.05), which was able to protect plant from radiation damage. Meanwhile, the appendage content, abaxial stomatal density, papilla density and particulate matter content in substomatic chambers increased noticeably by supplemental UV-B radiation, whereas the aperture size of single stomata was diminished. The number and area of plastoglobuli were apparently reduced by UV-B radiation, but stroma and grana lamellae were not destroyed. Our results demonstrated that T. chinensis var. mairei can activate several defense mechanisms against oxidative stress injury caused by supplemental UV-B radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-gang Zu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Abstract
UV-B radiation is a key environmental signal that initiates diverse responses in plants that affect metabolism, development, and viability. Many effects of UV-B involve the differential regulation of gene expression. The response to UV-B depends on the nature of the UV-B treatment, the extent of adaptation and acclimation to UV-B, and interaction with other environmental factors. Responses to UV-B are mediated by both nonspecific signaling pathways, involving DNA damage, reactive oxygen species, and wound/defense signaling molecules, and UV-B-specific pathways that mediate photomorphogenic responses to low levels of UV-B. Importantly, photomorphogenic signaling stimulates the expression of genes involved in UV-protection and hence promotes plant survival in UV-B. Photomorphogenic UV-B signaling is mediated by the UV-B-specific component UV RESISTANCE LOCUS8 (UVR8). Both UVR8 and CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENESIS1 (COP1) are required for UV-B-induced expression of the ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL5 (HY5) transcription factor, which plays a central role in the regulation of genes involved in photomorphogenic UV-B responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gareth I. Jenkins
- Plant Science Group, Division of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
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Fernández E, Quilhot W, Rubio C, Hidalgo ME, Diaz R, Ojeda J. Effects of UV Radiation on Usnic Acid in Xanthoparmelia microspora (Müll. Arg. Hale). Photochem Photobiol 2006; 82:1065-8. [PMID: 16620157 DOI: 10.1562/2006-01-19-ra-782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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21
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Wetzel MA. Physical, chemical, and ultraviolet radiative characteristics of aerosol in central Alaska. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd003208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Steyn WJ, Wand SJE, Holcroft DM, Jacobs G. Anthocyanins in vegetative tissues: a proposed unified function in photoprotection. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2002; 155:349-361. [PMID: 33873306 DOI: 10.1046/j.1469-8137.2002.00482.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The function of anthocyanins in green, vegetative tissues has always been a contentious issue. Here we evaluate their proposed photoprotective function since recent findings have shown that anthocyanins reduce photoinhibition and photobleaching of chlorophyll under light stress conditions. Anthocyanins generally accumulate in peripheral tissues exposed to high irradiance, although there are some exceptions (e.g. accumulation in abaxial leaf tissues and in obligatory shade plants) and accumulation is usually transient. Anthocyanin accumulation requires light and generally coincides with periods of high excitation pressure and increased potential for photo-oxidative damage due to an imbalance between light capture, CO2 assimilation and carbohydrate utilization (e.g. greening of developing tissues, senescence and adverse environmental conditions). Light attenuation by anthocyanin may help to re-establish this balance and so reduce the risk of photo-oxidative damage. Although it has been suggested that anthocyanins may act as antioxidants, the association between anthocyanins and oxidative stress appears to relate to the ability of anthocyanins to reduce excitation pressure and, hence, the potential for oxidative damage. The various aspects of anthocyanin induction and pigmentation presented here are compatible with, and support, the proposed general role of anthocyanins as photoprotective light screens in vegetative tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- W J Steyn
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private BagXI, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - S J E Wand
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private BagXI, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
| | - D M Holcroft
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824-1325, USA
| | - G Jacobs
- Department of Horticultural Science, University of Stellenbosch, Private BagXI, 7602 Matieland, South Africa
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Palmer H, Ohta M, Watanabe M, Suzuki T. Oxidative stress-induced cellular damage caused by UV and methyl viologen in Euglena gracilis and its suppression with rutin. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2002; 67:116-29. [PMID: 12031812 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(02)00271-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The effects of ultraviolet radiation (UV-A: 320-400 nm and UV-B: 280-320 nm) and methyl viologen (MV) single or combined exposure, on the cell growth, viability and morphology of two strains of the unicellular flagellate Euglena gracilis, using the Z strain as a plant model and the achlorophyllous mutant SMZ strain as an animal model were investigated. Cell growth was not affected by MV only, whereas UV-A or UV-B single and combined exposure with MV inhibited the cell growth or decreased the viability. The SMZ strain had a higher number of abnormal cells than the Z strain after the third dose of UV-B was delivered simultaneously with MV. The abnormal cell number decreased when E. gracilis SMZ cells were preincubated with 100 microM rutin prior to the UV-B and MV exposure. There were higher abnormal cell numbers with groups exposed to UV rather than MV single exposure. Combined exposure to UV-B and 200 microM MV induced the highest levels of TBARS in both strains, and with the supplementation of rutin these high levels were suppressed. These results suggest that UV-A or UV-B irradiation alone or combined with MV cause considerable oxidative damage in E. gracilis cells, and rutin supplementation may suppress their adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen Palmer
- Laboratory of Food Wholesomeness, Department of Life Sciences, Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University, 3-1-1 Minato, Hakodate 041-8611, Japan
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Effects of Ultraviolet-B Radiation on Terrestrial Organisms and Ecosystems with Special Reference to the Arctic. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-56075-0_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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25
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McLeod AR, Rey A, Newsham KK, Lewis GC, Wolferstam P. Effects of elevated ultraviolet radiation and endophytic fungi on plant growth and insect feeding in Lolium perenne, Festuca rubra, F. arundinacea and F. pratensis. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2001; 62:97-107. [PMID: 11693372 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(01)00151-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Plants of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.), red fescue (Festuca rubra L.), tall fescue (F. arundinacea Schreb.) and meadow fescue (F. pratensis Huds) were exposed at an outdoor facility located in Edinburgh, UK to modulated levels of UV-B radiation (280-315 nm) using banks of cellulose diacetate filtered UV-B fluorescent lamps that also produce UV-A radiation (315-400 nm). The plants were derived from a single clone of each species and were grown both with and without colonization by naturally-occurring fungal endophytes. The UV-B treatment was a 30% elevation above the ambient erythemally-weighted level of UV-B during July to October. Growth of treated plants was compared with plants grown under elevated UV-A radiation alone produced by banks of polyester filtered lamps and with plants grown at ambient levels of solar radiation under banks of unenergized lamps. At the end of the treatment period, sample leaves were collected for feeding trials with the desert locust Schistocerca gregaria (Forsk). The UV-B treatment produced no effects on the aboveground biomass of any of the four grasses. The UV-B treatment and the UV-A control exposure both increased plant height and the number of daughter plants formed by rhizome growth in F. rubra. There were significant effects of endophyte presence on the total fresh and dry weights of F. arundinacea and F. rubra, on fresh weight only in F. pratensis, and on the fresh and dry weights of inflorescence in F. arundinacea and L. perenne. There were no effects of UV treatments on the absolute amounts of leaf consumed or on the feeding preferences of locusts for leaves with or without endophyte in three species: F. rubra, F. arundinacea and L. perenne. In F. pratensis there was no effect of UV treatment on the weight of leaves consumed but a significant UV x endophyte interaction caused by a marked change in feeding preference between leaves with and without endophyte that differed between the UV-B treatment and UV-A control exposures. The alkaloid compounds known as lolines were analysed in leaves of F. pratensis and were only found in plants grown with endophyte. However, there was no significant relationship between total loline content and insect feeding preference. These effects illustrate the potential complexities of species interactions under increasing levels of UV-B. The experiment also demonstrates the importance of appropriate controls in UV lamp supplementation experiments for interpretation of both plant growth and insect feeding effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- A R McLeod
- Centre for the Study of Environmental Change and Sustainability, University of Edinburgh, UK.
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Farooq M, Suresh Babu G, Ray RS, Misra RB, Shankar U, Hans RK. Sensitivity of duckweed (Lemna major) to ultraviolet-B radiation. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2000; 276:970-3. [PMID: 11027577 DOI: 10.1006/bbrc.2000.3564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The sensitivity of an important aquatic macrophyte, duckweed (Lemna major), to UV-B radiation was studied under experimental conditions at three different doses designated as no, mild, and severe injury dose by observing visible injury symptoms and estimating levels of chlorophyll, pheophytin, carotenoids, protein, starch, free sugar, and peroxidase activity. Laboratory-grown duckweed plants were exposed to UV-B radiation at 0.4 mW/cm(2) intensity for different time periods. Mild and severe injury were developed at 6.48 and 8.64 J, respectively. Peroxidase activity increased at all the exposure levels. Dose-dependent decrease in chlorophyll and starch with drastic depletion in protein and free sugar content were observed. Pheophytin and carotenoids content increased at no injury level, but decreased at higher exposure level. The results indicate that ambient UV-B radiation at the indicated level acts as a physiological stress in Lemna major.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Farooq
- Photobiology Laboratory, Industrial Toxicology Research Centre, Lucknow, 226 001, India
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An L, Feng H, Tang X, Wang X. Changes of microsomal membrane properties in spring wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L.) exposed to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2000; 57:60-5. [PMID: 11100838 DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(00)00077-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The properties of microsomal membranes in spring wheat leaves (Triticum aestivum L. cv. Ganlong No. 92-005) exposed to (0) control, 8.64 (T1) and 11.2 kJ m(-2) day(-1) (T2) biologically effective UV-B irradiation (UV-B(BE)) were studied under greenhouse conditions. These irradiance levels correspond to a decrease in the stratospheric ozone of approximately 12.5 and 20%, respectively, for a clear solstice day at Lanzhou (36.04 degrees N, 1550 m), China. Compared with controls, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased by 70.8% in T1 and 83.8% in T2 on the 7th day of the radiation, and the IUFA (index of unsaturated fatty acids) decreased, indicating peroxidation of lipid acids. Simultaneously, a drastic decrease of phospholipid content after 21 days and an increase of membrane lipid microviscosity on UV-B irradiation were also found, suggesting a reduction in the fluidity of membrane lipids. Ethylene emission by the microsomal membrane, in the presence of exogenous 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid was higher in the wheat seedlings after 7, 14 and 21 days' irradiation than in the controls. These changes were correlated with a rise in lipoxygenase activity. Membrane-bound enzymes (Ca2+ -ATPase and Mg2+ -ATPase) were promoted by UV radiation in the first 7 days and significantly decreased after 14 and 21 days' treatment in comparison to control. Our results suggest that UV-B radiation may cause changes in structural complexity and function of microsomal membranes in spring wheat leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- L An
- School of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Arid Agrioecology, Lanzhou University, PR China
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Effects of increased solar ultraviolet radiation on terrestrial ecosystems. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(98)00184-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 363] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Laakso K, Huttunen S. Effects of the ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) on conifers: a review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 1998; 99:319-328. [PMID: 15093296 DOI: 10.1016/s0269-7491(98)00022-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/1997] [Accepted: 12/22/1997] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The current knowledge on conifer responses to enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation is mainly based on greenhouse or growth chamber experiments of one growing season in duration. However, the biomass losses observed in greenhouses do not occur in field-grown trees in their natural habitats. Moreover, the majority of the 20 conifer species studied have been 1-year-old seedlings, and no studies have been undertaken on mature trees. Fully grown needles, with their glaucous waxy surfaces and thick epidermal cells with both soluble and wall-bound UV-B screening metabolites, are well protected against UV-B radiation. However, it is not known whether these are sufficient protectants in young emerging needles or during the early spring period of high UV-B levels reflected from snow. In order to understand all the mechanisms that result in the protection of conifer needles against UV-B radiation, future research should focus on the epidermal layer, separating the waxes, cuticle and epidermal and hypodermal cells. Parallel studies should consist of wall-bound and soluble secondary metabolite analysis, antioxidant measurements and microscopic observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Laakso
- University of Oulu, Department of Biology/Botany, FIN-90570 Oulu, Finland
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Effects of UVB radiation on light-dependent and light-independent protein phosphorylation in thylakoid proteins. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1997. [DOI: 10.1016/s1011-1344(96)07409-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Rozema J, van de Staaij J, Björn LO, Caldwell M. UV-B as an environmental factor in plant life: stress and regulation. Trends Ecol Evol 1997; 12:22-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5347(96)10062-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 464] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Yu SG, Olof Björn L. Differences in UV-B sensitivity between PSII from grana lamellae and stroma lamellae. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/1011-1344(95)07243-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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