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Błachnio A, Przepiórka A, Gorbaniuk O, Abreu AM, Bendayan R, Ben-Ezra M, Benvenuti M, Durak M, Senol-Durak E, Makita M, McNeill M, Seidman G, Wu AMS, Blanca MJ, Angeluci A, Čuš Babić N, Brkljacic T, Ciobanu AM, Ivanova A, Giannakos MN, Gorbaniuk J, Holdoš J, Malik S, Mahmoud AB, Milanovic A, Musil B, Pappas IO, Popa C, Pantic I, Rando B, D'Souza L, Wołonciej M, Vanden Abeele MMP, Yafi E, Yu SM, Elphinston RA, Mazzoni E. Measurement invariance of the Facebook intrusion questionnaire across 25 countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 39138585 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.13227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Facebook is one of the most popular social networking sites. However, Facebook intrusion or addiction is a growing concern as it involves an excessive attachment to Facebook, which disrupts daily functioning. To date, few studies have examined whether cross-cultural differences in the measurement of Facebook addiction exist. The aim of this study was to investigate the cross-cultural validity and measurement invariance of the Facebook Intrusion Questionnaire (FIQ), one of the most widely used measures of Facebook addiction, across 25 countries (N = 12,204, 62.3% female; mean age = 25 years). Multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) assessed cross-cultural validity as well as invariance. Additionally, individual confirmatory factor analyses evaluated the factorial structure and measurement invariance across genders in each country. The FIQ demonstrated partial metric invariance across countries and metric (13 countries), scalar (11 countries) or residual (10 countries) invariance across genders within individual countries. A one-factor model indicated a good fit in 18 countries. Cronbach's alpha for the entire sample was .85. Our findings suggest that the FIQ may provide an adequate assessment of Facebook addiction that is psychometrically equivalent across cultures. Moreover, the questionnaire seems to be universal and suitable for studying different social media in distinct cultural environments. Consequently, this robust tool can be used to explore behaviours related to specific media that are particularly popular in any given country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Błachnio
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Aneta Przepiórka
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Oleg Gorbaniuk
- Institute of Psychology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Psychology, Casimir Pulaski University of Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Ana Maria Abreu
- Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health (CIIS), Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rebecca Bendayan
- University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
- Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | | | - Mithat Durak
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Department of Psychology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Emre Senol-Durak
- Bolu Abant Izzet Baysal University Department of Psychology, Bolu, Turkey
| | - Meiko Makita
- Statistical Cybermetrics Research Group, University of Wolverhampton, Wolverhampton, UK
| | | | | | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology / Centre for Cognitive and Brain Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | | | - Alan Angeluci
- Institute of Psychology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nenad Čuš Babić
- Institute of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | | | | | - Ana Ivanova
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Julia Gorbaniuk
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
- Department of Psychology, Casimir Pulaski University of Radom, Radom, Poland
| | - Juraj Holdoš
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University in Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Sadia Malik
- Department of Psychology, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Ali Bassam Mahmoud
- St John's University, The Peter J Tobin College of Business, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anita Milanovic
- Clinic for Mental Disorders "Dr Laza Lazarević", Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Bojan Musil
- Institute of Psychology, University of Maribor, Maribor, Slovenia
| | - Ilias O Pappas
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Camelia Popa
- Romanian Academy, "Constantin Rădulescu-Motru" Institute of Philosophy and Psychology, UNATC, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Igor Pantic
- University of Belgrade, Serbia
- University of Haifa, Haifa, Israel
| | - Belen Rando
- Institute of Social and Political Sciences, Centre for Public Administration and Public Policies, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Lancy D'Souza
- Department of Psychology, University of Mysore, Mysore, India
| | - Mariusz Wołonciej
- Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Mariek M P Vanden Abeele
- Institute of Psychology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Institute of Psychology, University of Tilburg, Tiburg, The Netherlands
| | | | - Shu M Yu
- Centre of Excellence in Responsible Gaming, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar
| | - Rachel A Elphinston
- Recover Injury Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- National Health and Medical Research Council Centre for Research Excellence in Road Traffic Injury Recovery, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Addiction and Mental Health Service, Metro South Hospital and Health Service, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Elvis Mazzoni
- Institute of Psychology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Błachnio A, Przepiórka A, Gorbaniuk O, Bendayan R, McNeill M, Angeluci A, Abreu AM, Ben-Ezra M, Benvenuti M, Blanca MJ, Brkljacic T, Babić NČ, Gorbaniuk J, Holdoš J, Ivanova A, Karadağ E, Malik S, Mazzoni E, Milanovic A, Musil B, Pantic I, Rando B, Seidman G, D'Souza L, Vanden Abeele MMP, Wołońciej M, Wu AMS, Yu S. Measurement invariance of the Phubbing Scale across 20 countries. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2021; 56:885-894. [PMID: 34169522 DOI: 10.1002/ijop.12790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phone addiction is a robust phenomenon observed throughout the world. The social aspect of mobile phone use is crucial; therefore, phubbing is a part of the mobile phone addiction phenomenon. Phubbing is defined as ignoring an interlocutor by glancing at one's mobile phone during a face-to-face conversation. The main aim of this study was to investigate how the Phubbing Scale (containing 10 items) might vary across countries, and between genders. Data were collected in 20 countries: Belarus, Brazil, China, Croatia, Ecuador, India, Israel, Italy, Netherlands, Pakistan, Poland, Portugal, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Turkey, UK, Ukraine and USA. The mean age across the sample (N = 7696, 65.8% women, 34.2% men) was 25.32 years (SD = 9.50). The cross-cultural invariance of the scale was investigated using multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) as well as the invariance analyses. Additionally, data from each country were assessed individually via confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs). We obtained two factors, based on only eight of the items: (a) communication disturbances and (b) phone obsession. The 8 items Phubbing Scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Błachnio
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Aneta Przepiórka
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Oleg Gorbaniuk
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.,Faculty of Psychology, University of Economics and Human Sciences in Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rebecca Bendayan
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methodology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain.,Department of Biostatistics and Health Informatics, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Alan Angeluci
- City University of São Caetano do Sul, São Caetano do Sul, Brazil
| | - Ana Maria Abreu
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | - Martina Benvenuti
- Italian National Research Council (CNR) and University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria J Blanca
- Department of Psychobiology and Behavioral Sciences Methodology, University of Malaga, Malaga, Spain
| | | | | | - Julia Gorbaniuk
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Juraj Holdoš
- Department of Psychology, Catholic University in Ruzomberok, Ruzomberok, Slovakia
| | - Ana Ivanova
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Engin Karadağ
- Educational Administration, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | | | | | - Anita Milanovic
- Clinic for mental disorders "Dr Laza Lazarević", Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | | | - Belen Rando
- Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Center for Interdisciplinary Research in Health, Institute of Health Sciences, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | | | - Mariusz Wołońciej
- Airfinity Ltd Martina Benvenuti, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Anise M S Wu
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Shu Yu
- Department of Psychology, University of Macau, Macau, China
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