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Benny AT, Arikkatt SD, Vazhappilly CG, Kannadasan S, Thomas R, Leelabaiamma MSN, Radhakrishnan EK, Shanmugam P. Chromone a Privileged Scaffold in Drug Discovery: Developments on the Synthesis and Bioactivity. Mini Rev Med Chem 2021; 22:1030-1063. [PMID: 34819000 DOI: 10.2174/1389557521666211124141859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Chromones are the class of secondary metabolites broadly occurred in the plant kingdom in a noticeable quantity. This rigid bicyclic system has been categorized "as privileged scaffolds in compounds" in medicinal chemistry. The wide biological responses made them an important moiety in a drug discovery program. This review provides updates on the various methods of synthesis of chromones and biological applications in medicinal chemistry. Various synthetic strategies for the construction of chromones include readily available phenols, salicylic acid and its derivatives, ynones, chalcones, enaminones, chalcones and 2-hydroxyarylalkylketones as starting materials. Synthesis of chromones by using metal, metal free, nanomaterials and different catalysts are included. Details of diverse biological activities such as anti-cancer agents, antimicrobial agents, anti-viral property, anti-inflammatory agents, antioxidants, Monoamine Oxidase-B (MAO-B) Inhibitors, anti-Alzheimer's agents, anti-diabetic agent, antihistaminic potential, antiplatelet agents of chromone derivatives are diecussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjitha Theres Benny
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014. India
| | - Sonia D Arikkatt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT, Vellore-632014. India
| | - Cijo George Vazhappilly
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah. United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Renjan Thomas
- Division of Molecular Pathology, Strand Lifesciences, HCG Hospital, Bangalore - 560 0270. India
| | | | | | - Ponnusamy Shanmugam
- Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai-600020. India
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2
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Joseph D, Oh MS, Jayaraman A, Lee S. Amides Activation: Transition Metal‐Free Coupling Between
CN
Activated Amides and Enolizable Amides. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Devaneyan Joseph
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Oh
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Aravindan Jayaraman
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University Gwangju 61186 Republic of Korea
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3
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Chen J, Joseph D, Xia Y, Lee S. Amide/Ester Cross-Coupling via C–N/C–H Bond Cleavage: Synthesis of β-Ketoesters. J Org Chem 2021; 86:5943-5953. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Devaneyan Joseph
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325035, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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4
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Kumar Mehra M, Malik M, Kumar B, Kumar D. Chemoselective Cu-catalyzed synthesis of diverse N-arylindole carboxamides, β-oxo amides and N-arylindole-3-carbonitriles using diaryliodonium salts. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1109-1114. [PMID: 33434249 DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02247k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Chemoselective copper-catalyzed synthesis of diverse N-arylindole-3-carboxamides, β-oxo amides and N-arylindole-3-carbonitriles from readily accessible indole-3-carbonitriles, α-cyano ketones and diaryliodonium salts has been developed. Diverse N-arylindole-3-carboxamides and β-oxo amides were successfully achieved in high yields under copper-catalyzed neutral reaction conditions, and the addition of an organic base (DIPEA) resulted in a completely different selectivity pattern to produce N-arylindole-3-carbonitriles. Moreover, the importance of the developed methodology was realized by the synthesis of indoloquinolones and N-((1H-indol-3-yl)methyl)aniline and by a single-step gram-scale synthesis of the naturally occurring cephalandole A analogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manish Kumar Mehra
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Monika Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Bintu Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Dalip Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani 333 031, Rajasthan, India.
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Takao K, Sakatsume T, Kamauchi H, Sugita Y. Syntheses and Evaluation of 2- or 3-( N-Cyclicamino)chromone Derivatives as Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2020; 68:1082-1089. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c20-00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Takao
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Tsukasa Sakatsume
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Hitoshi Kamauchi
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
| | - Yoshiaki Sugita
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Josai University
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6
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Chen J, Xu M, Yu S, Xia Y, Lee S. Nickel-Catalyzed Claisen Condensation Reaction between Two Different Amides. Org Lett 2020; 22:2287-2292. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c00485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Man Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Subeen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuanzhi Xia
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, P. R. China
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
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7
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El-Meligie SEM, Khalil NA, El-Nassan HB, Ibraheem AAM. A Review on the Synthetic Routes to β-Keto Amides. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666191021120336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes the data published on the methods of preparation of β-
keto amides as a versatile synthon for many heterocyclic rings and asymmetric urea derivatives.
Based on the starting materials used for the synthesis of β-keto amides, eight
methods were reported including β-keto acids and their derivatives, Meldrum’s acid and
their derivatives, diketene, 2,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxin-4-one derivatives (TMD), α-diazo ketones,
enamines and enolates, acetamides and their derivatives and reduction of certain
Passerini products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salwa E. M. El-Meligie
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Nadia A. Khalil
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Hala B. El-Nassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. M. Ibraheem
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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Bandyopadhyay C, Sur KR, Patra R, Banerjee S. One-Pot Synthesis of 2-Alkyl/Arylamino-4-oxo-4H-1-Benzopyran-3-Carboxaldehyde from 4-oxo-4H-1-Benzopyran-3-Carboxaldehyde. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/030823403103174812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Zn/NH4Cl–mediated reactions of aldehyde 1 with nitro compounds 2 afford 2-( N-alkyl/arylamino)-3-formylchromones 4, which on heating with 70% H2SO4 produces 9a-d and 11e-h from 4a-d and 4e-h, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrakanta Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, North 24 Paraganas, West Bengal – 700118, India
| | - Kumar Ranabir Sur
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, North 24 Paraganas, West Bengal – 700118, India
| | - Ranjan Patra
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, North 24 Paraganas, West Bengal – 700118, India
| | - Subhabrata Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, North 24 Paraganas, West Bengal – 700118, India
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9
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Liu H, Yang Y, Wang S, Wu J, Wang XN, Chang J. Synthesis of 3-Substituted 2-Aminochromones via Sn(IV)-Promoted Annulation of Ynamides with 2-Methoxyaroyl Chlorides. Org Lett 2015; 17:4472-5. [PMID: 26332185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b02137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A Sn(IV)-promoted annulation reaction of ynamides is described for the efficient synthesis of 3-substituted 2-aminochromones under mild conditions. This novel method allows for a concomitant construction of C-C and C-O bonds between ynamides and 2-methoxyaroyl chlorides by a tandem Friedel-Crafts acylation/oxo-Michael addition/elimination strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Yang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Shen Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Jie Wu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Na Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
| | - Junbiao Chang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, and College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, P. R. China
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10
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Barlaam B, Cosulich S, Degorce S, Fitzek M, Green S, Hancox U, Lambert-van der Brempt C, Lohmann JJ, Maudet M, Morgentin R, Pasquet MJ, Péru A, Plé P, Saleh T, Vautier M, Walker M, Ward L, Warin N. Discovery of (R)-8-(1-(3,5-Difluorophenylamino)ethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-morpholino-4-oxo-4H-chromene-6-carboxamide (AZD8186): A Potent and Selective Inhibitor of PI3Kβ and PI3Kδ for the Treatment of PTEN-Deficient Cancers. J Med Chem 2015; 58:943-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501629p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bernard Barlaam
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Sabina Cosulich
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Sébastien Degorce
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Martina Fitzek
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Stephen Green
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Urs Hancox
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | | | - Jean-Jacques Lohmann
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Mickaël Maudet
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Rémy Morgentin
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Marie-Jeanne Pasquet
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Aurélien Péru
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Patrick Plé
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Twana Saleh
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Michel Vautier
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
| | - Mike Walker
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Lara Ward
- Oncology
iMed, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TG, United Kingdom
| | - Nicolas Warin
- Centre
de Recherches, AstraZeneca, Z. I. La Pompelle, Chemin de Vrilly, BP 1050, 51689 Reims Cedex 2, France
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Aristegui SR, El-Murr MD, Golding BT, Griffin RJ, Hardcastle IR. Judicious Application of Allyl Protecting Groups for the Synthesis of 2-Morpholin-4-yl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl Triflate, a Key Precursor of DNA-Dependent Protein Kinase Inhibitors. Org Lett 2006; 8:5927-9. [PMID: 17165896 DOI: 10.1021/ol062297x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[Structure: see text] 2-morpholin-4-yl-4-oxo-4H-chromen-8-yl 2,2,2-trifluoromethanesulfonate is a key intermediate for the synthesis of the DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor 8-dibenzothiophen-4-yl-2-morpholin-4-yl-chromen-4-one (NU7441). Two improved methods for the synthesis of this triflate have been developed: (A) in 35% overall yield, through modification of the published route, and (B) in 15% overall yield, by a new route employing a Baker-Venkataraman rearrangement to enable generation of the chromenone scaffold. Both syntheses depend on the judicious use of allyl protecting groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonsoles Rodriguez Aristegui
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Natural Sciences - Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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12
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Alaimo PJ, Knight ZA, Shokat KM. Targeting the gatekeeper residue in phosphoinositide 3-kinases. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:2825-36. [PMID: 15781393 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2004] [Accepted: 02/12/2005] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A single residue in the ATP binding pocket of protein kinases-termed the gatekeeper-has been shown to control sensitivity to a wide range of small molecule inhibitors (Chem. Biol.2004, 11, 691; Chem. Biol.1999, 6, 671). Kinases that possess a small side chain at this position (Thr, Ala, or Gly) are readily targeted by structurally diverse classes of inhibitors, whereas kinases that possess a larger residue at this position are broadly resistant. Recently, lipid kinases of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3-K) family have become the focus of intense research interest as potential drug targets (Chem. Biol.2003, 10, 207; Curr. Opin. Pharmacol.2003, 3, 426). In this study, we identify the residue that corresponds structurally to the gatekeeper in PI3-Ks, and explore its importance in controlling enzyme activity and small molecule sensitivity. Isoleucine 848 of p110alpha was mutated to alanine and glycine, but the mutated kinase was found to have severely impaired enzymatic activity. A structural bioinformatic comparison of this kinase with its yeast orthologs identified second site mutations that rescued the enzymatic activity of the I848A kinase. To probe the dimensions of the gatekeeper pocket, a focused panel of analogs of the PI3-K inhibitor LY294002 was synthesized and its activity against gatekeeper mutated and wild-type p110alpha was assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Alaimo
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-2280, USA
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13
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Leahy JJJ, Golding BT, Griffin RJ, Hardcastle IR, Richardson C, Rigoreau L, Smith GCM. Identification of a highly potent and selective DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) inhibitor (NU7441) by screening of chromenone libraries. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2005; 14:6083-7. [PMID: 15546735 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2004.09.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2004] [Revised: 09/17/2004] [Accepted: 09/21/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A solution-phase multiple-parallel synthesis approach was employed for the preparation of 6-, 7- and 8-aryl-substituted chromenone libraries, which were screened as inhibitors of the DNA repair enzyme DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK). These studies resulted in the identification of 8-dibenzothiophen-4-yl-2-morpholin-4-yl-chromen-4-one (NU7441) as a highly potent and selective DNA-PK inhibitor (IC50=14 nM), exhibiting ATP-competitive inhibition kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justin J J Leahy
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, Bedson Building, University of Newcastle, Newcastle Upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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14
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Griffin RJ, Fontana G, Golding BT, Guiard S, Hardcastle IR, Leahy JJJ, Martin N, Richardson C, Rigoreau L, Stockley M, Smith GCM. Selective benzopyranone and pyrimido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one inhibitors of DNA-dependent protein kinase: synthesis, structure-activity studies, and radiosensitization of a human tumor cell line in vitro. J Med Chem 2005; 48:569-85. [PMID: 15658870 DOI: 10.1021/jm049526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A diverse range of chromen-2-one, chromen-4-one and pyrimidoisoquinolin-4-one derivatives was synthesized and evaluated for inhibitory activity against the DNA repair enzyme DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), with a view to elucidating structure-activity relationships for potency and kinase selectivity. DNA-PK inhibitory activity varied widely over the series of compounds evaluated (IC(50) values ranged from 0.19 to >10 microM), with excellent activity being observed for the 7,8-benzochromen-4-one and pyrimido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one templates. By contrast, inhibitors based on the benzochromen-2-one (coumarin) or 2-aryl-7,8-benzochromen-4-one (flavone) scaffolds were less potent. Crucially, these studies revealed a very constrained structure-activity relationship at the 2-position of the benzopyranone and pyrimido[2,1-a]isoquinolin-4-one pharmacophore, with only a 2-morpholino or 2-(2'-methylmorpholino) group being tolerated at this position. More detailed biological studies conducted with the most potent inhibitor NU7163 (48; IC(50) = 0.19 microM) demonstrated ATP-competitive DNA-PK inhibition, with a K(i) value of 24 nM, and 48 exhibited selectivity for DNA-PK compared with the related enzymes ATM, ATR, mTOR, and PI 3-K (p110alpha). Compound 48 sensitized the HeLa human tumor cell line to the cytotoxic effects of ionizing radiation in vitro, a dose modification factor of 2.3 at 10% survival being observed with an inhibitor concentration of 5 microM. This study identified these structural classes as novel DNA-PK inhibitors and delineated initial structure-activity relationships against DNA-PK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roger J Griffin
- Northern Institute for Cancer Research, School of Natural Sciences-Chemistry, Bedson Building, The University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
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15
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16
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T.Kaye Kaye P, D. I. Ramaite I. Chromone Studies. Part 9.1 Dynamic NMR Analysis of Rotational Isomerism in 2-(N,N-Dialkylamino)chromones. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 1997. [DOI: 10.1039/a702801f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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