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Rossheim ME, Peterson MS, Livingston MD, Dunlap P, Trangenstein PJ, Tran K, Emechebe OC, McDonald KK, Treffers RD, Jernigan DH, Thombs DL. Eye-tracking to examine differences in alcohol product appeal by sex among young people. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:734-744. [PMID: 36206530 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2129062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background: Advertising of traditional alcopops contains elements that appeal to youth, especially females. Supersized alcopops are marketed differently than traditional alcopops and contain up to 5.5 standard alcoholic drinks. Young females are more likely to underestimate the alcohol content of supersized alcopops, putting them at higher risk of overconsumption. Similar to supersized alcopops, beer is packaged in large cans and in the same areas of store shelves.Objective: This study examined among young people whether supersized alcopops versus beer products disproportionately appealed to females.Methods: Eleven adolescents (13-17 years old) and 72 college students (21-26 years old) were recruited during 2019-2020. Participants viewed 19 photos of convenience store display cases containing both supersized alcopop and beer products. While viewing each image, participants were instructed to click on the beverage that looked the "coolest" (i.e. most appealing). Eye-tracking hardware and software measured the amount of time participants visually fixated on each product. Participants completed a survey to record demographic characteristics.Results: Compared to males (n=25), females (n=58) fixated on supersized alcopops for 6.8 seconds longer (95%CI 0.3,13.3). Females also had 3.7 times the odds of selecting a supersized alcopop as the product they found most appealing compared to males (95%CI 1.68,8.01), adjusting for amount of time visually fixating on supersized alcopops, which was also a significant predictor.Conclusions: Young females' strong preference for supersized alcopops is concerning given they disproportionately underestimate their potency, relative to males, and are more likely to obtain dangerously high BAC levels from consuming one or two supersized alcopops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Rossheim
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, University of North Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - M Doug Livingston
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Phenesse Dunlap
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Health Education, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Katherine Tran
- Department of Biology, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ogechi C Emechebe
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Kayla K McDonald
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ryan D Treffers
- National Capital Region Center, Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation (PIRE), Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David H Jernigan
- Department of Health Law, Policy, and Management, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dennis L Thombs
- Department of Health Behavior and Health Systems, University of North Texas Health Science Center School of Public Health, Fort Worth, TX, USA
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Rossheim ME, Livingston MD, Walker A, Reid NE, Liu L, Mazer-Amirshahi M. Supersized alcopop related calls in the National Poison Data System, 2010-2019. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 222:108657. [PMID: 33713974 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.108657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Supersized alcopops are single-serving high-alcohol-content beverages frequently consumed by underage drinkers. However, little data exist regarding the public health burden of supersized alcopops during the last decade. The current study examined the characteristics of calls to U.S. poison control centers involving supersized alcopops. This study also compared the proportion of calls for underage consumers between calls involving consumption of supersized alcopops and calls involving other types of alcohol (e.g., liquor, beer, wine). METHODS Data from the National Poison Data System (NPDS) repository of calls to U.S. poison control centers were analyzed. RESULTS Between 2010 and 2019, poison control centers received 1719 calls for exposures to supersized alcopops. Nearly one-half of calls involving supersized alcopop consumption (46.3 %) were made for consumers who were below the legal drinking age. In all years, the proportion of calls for supersized alcopops that were for underage exposures greatly exceeded the proportion of calls that were for underage exposures for other types of alcohol. For those 0-11 years of age, 91 % of supersized alcopop exposures were unintentional; however, for each other age group, at least 84 % of exposures were intentional. Supersized alcopop exposures involved a co-ingested product in more than 80 % of cases among patients of legal drinking age and less than 50 % of cases among patient under legal drinking age. CONCLUSIONS Compared to other alcohol products, calls to U.S poison control centers for supersized alcopops disproportionately involved underage drinkers. To protect youth, improved regulation of supersized alcopop products is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States.
| | - Melvin D Livingston
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Andrew Walker
- Department of Behavioral, Social, and Health Education Sciences, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nicole E Reid
- National Capital Poison Center, Washington, D.C., United States
| | - Lindsy Liu
- National Capital Poison Center, Washington, D.C., United States
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Rossheim ME, Yurasek AM, Greene KM, Gonzalez-Pons KM, Barry AE, Thombs DL, Trangenstein PJ, Nelson C, Cavazos T, Treffers RD, Jernigan DH. The Federal Trade Commission’s mandated Four Loko labeling fails to facilitate accurate estimation of alcohol content by college students. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2019; 46:430-437. [DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2019.1671438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew E. Rossheim
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ali M. Yurasek
- Department of Health Education & Behavior, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kaylin M. Greene
- Department of Sociology & Anthropology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT, USA
| | | | - Adam E. Barry
- Department of Health and Kinesiology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dennis L. Thombs
- School of Public Health, University of North Texas Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, USA
| | | | - Candace Nelson
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Tammy Cavazos
- Department of Global and Community Health, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA
| | - Ryan D. Treffers
- Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation, Santa Cruz, CA, USA
| | - David H. Jernigan
- Department of Health Law, Policy & Management, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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