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Jothi R, Hong ST, Enkhtsatsral M, Pandian SK, Gowrishankar S. ROS mediated anticandidal efficacy of 3-Bromopyruvate prevents vulvovaginal candidiasis in mice model. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0295922. [PMID: 38153954 PMCID: PMC10754460 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0295922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Candidal infections, particularly vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), necessitate effective therapeutic interventions in clinical settings owing to their intricate clinical nature and elusive understanding of their etiological mechanisms. Given the challenges in developing effective antifungal therapies, the strategy of repurposing existing pharmaceuticals has emerged as a promising approach to combat drug-resistant fungi. In this regard, the current study investigates molecular insights on the anti-candidal efficacy of a well-proven anticancer small molecule -3-bromopyruvate (3BP) against three clinically significant VVC causing Candida species viz., C. albicans, C. tropicalis and C. glabrata. Furthermore, the study validates 3BP's therapeutic application by developing it as a vaginal cream for the treatment of VVC. 3BP exhibited phenomenal antifungal efficacy (killing >99%) with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) of 256 μg/mL against all tested Candida spp. Time killing kinetics experiment revealed 20 min as the minimum time required for 3BP at 2XMIC to achieve complete-killing (99.9%) in all Candida strains. Moreover, the ergosterol or sorbitol experiment explicated that the antifungal activity of 3BP does not stem from targeting the cell wall or the membrane component ergosterol. Instead, 3BP was observed to instigate a sequence of pre-apoptotic cascade events, such as phosphatidylserine (PS) externalization, nuclear condensation and ROS accumulations, as evidenced by PI, DAPI and DCFH-DA staining methods. Furthermore, 3BP demonstrated a remarkable efficacy in eradicating mature biofilms of Candida spp., achieving a maximum eradication level of 90%. Toxicity/safety profiling in both in vitro erythrocyte lysis and in vivo Galleria mellonella survival assay authenticated the non-toxic nature of 3BP up to 512 μg/mL. Finally, a vaginal cream formulated with 3BP was found to be effective in VVC-induced female mice model, as it significantly decreasing fungal load and protecting vaginal mucosa. Concomitantly, the present study serves as a clear demonstration of antifungal mechanistic action of anticancer drug -3BP, against Candida species. This finding holds significant potential for mitigating candidal infections, particularly VVC, within healthcare environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Jothi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Seong-Tshool Hong
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
| | - Munkhtur Enkhtsatsral
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Institute for Medical Science, Jeonbuk National University Medical School, Jeonju, South Korea
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Fettach S, Thari FZ, Hafidi Z, Karrouchi K, Bouathmany K, Cherrah Y, El Achouri M, Benbacer L, El Mzibri M, Sefrioui H, Bougrin K, Faouzi MEA. Biological, toxicological and molecular docking evaluations of isoxazoline-thiazolidine-2,4-dione analogues as new class of anti-hyperglycemic agents. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:1072-1084. [PMID: 34957934 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2021.2017348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, three isoxazoline-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives were synthesized and characterized by FT-IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and ESI-MS spectrometry. All compounds have been investigated for their α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. In vitro enzymatic evaluation revealed that all compounds were inhibitory potent against α-glucosidase with IC50 values varied from 40.67 ± 1.81 to 92.54 ± 0.43 µM, and α-amylase with IC50 in the range of 07.01 ± 0.02 to 75.10 ± 1.06 µM. One of the tested compounds were found to be more potent inhibitor compared to other compounds and standard drug Acarbose (IC50 glucosidase= 97.12 ± 0.35 µM and IC50 amylase= 2.97 ± 0.01 μM). All compounds were then evaluated for their acute toxicity in vivo and shown their safety at a high dose with LD > 2000mg/kg BW. A cell-based toxicity evaluation was performed to determine the safety of compounds on liver cells, using the MTT assay against HepG2 cells, and the results shown that all compounds have non-toxic impact against cell viability and proliferation compared to reference drug (Pioglitazone). Furthermore, the molecular homology analysis, SAR and the molecular binding properties of compound with the active site of α-amylase and α-glucosidase were confirmed through computational analysis. This study has identified the inhibitory potential of a new class of synthesized isoxazoline-thiazolidine-2,4-dione derivatives in controlling both hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus without any hepatic toxicity.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Fettach
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fatima Zahra Thari
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Hafidi
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, IQAC-CSIC, c/Jordi Girona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Khalid Karrouchi
- Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry and Bromatology, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Kaoutar Bouathmany
- Biology and Molecular Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, National Center for Energy, Nuclear Science and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yahia Cherrah
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Achouri
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Matériaux Inorganiques et Organiques, Centre des Sciences des Matériaux, Ecole Normale Supérieure-Rabat, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Laila Benbacer
- Biology and Molecular Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, National Center for Energy, Nuclear Science and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Mohammed El Mzibri
- Biology and Molecular Research Unit, Department of Life Sciences, National Center for Energy, Nuclear Science and Technology (CNESTEN), Rabat, Morocco
| | - Hassan Sefrioui
- Moroccan Foundation for Science, Innovation & Research (MAScIR), Centre de Biotechnologie Médicale, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khalid Bougrin
- Equipe de Chimie des Plantes et de Synthèse Organique et Bioorganique, URAC23, Faculty of Science, B.P. 1014, Geophysics, Natural Patrimony and Green Chemistry (GEOPAC) Research Center, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.,Chemical and Biochemical Sciences Green Process Engineering (CBS), Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - My El Abbes Faouzi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Biopharmaceutical and Toxicological Analysis Research Team, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Mohammed V University in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
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Perez L, Hafidi Z, Pinazo A, García MT, Martín-Pastor M, de Sousa FFO. Zein Nanoparticles Containing Arginine-Phenylalanine-Based Surfactants: Stability, Antimicrobial and Hemolytic Activity. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:200. [PMID: 36616110 PMCID: PMC9824401 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Although cationic surfactants have a remarkable antimicrobial activity, they present an intrinsic toxicity that discourages their usage. In this work novel zein nanoparticles loaded with arginine-phenylalanine-based surfactants are presented. The nanoparticles were loaded with two single polar head (LAM and PNHC12) and two with double amino acid polar head surfactants, arginine-phenylalanine (C12PAM, PANHC12). The formulations were characterized and their stability checked up to 365 days. Furthermore, the antimicrobial and hemolytic activities were investigated. Finally, NMR and molecular docking studies were carried out to elucidate the possible interaction mechanisms of surfactant-zein. The nanoparticles were obtained with satisfactory size, zeta potential and dispersibility. The surfactants containing arginine-phenylalanine residues were found to be more stable. The nanoencapsulation maintained the antimicrobial activities unaltered in comparison to the surfactants' solutions. These results are in agreement with the NMR and docking findings, suggesting that zein interacts with the surfactants by the aromatic rings of phenylalanine. As a result, the cationic charges and part of the aliphatic chains are freely available to attack the bacteria and fungi, while not available to disrupt the cellular membranes. This approach opens new possibilities for using cationic surfactants and benefits from their extraordinary antimicrobial responses for several applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lourdes Perez
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Zakaria Hafidi
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aurora Pinazo
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Teresa García
- Department of Surfactants and Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), 08034 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Martín-Pastor
- Unidad de Resonancia Magnética, Área de Infraestructuras de Investigación, Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, 15782 A Coruña, Spain
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Jothi R, Sangavi R, Raja V, Kumar P, Pandian SK, Gowrishankar S. Alteration of Cell Membrane Permeability by Cetyltrimethylammonium Chloride Induces Cell Death in Clinically Important Candida Species. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:ijerph20010027. [PMID: 36612353 PMCID: PMC9819714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The increased incidence of healthcare-related Candida infection has necessitated the use of effective disinfectants/antiseptics in healthcare settings as a preventive measure to decontaminate the hospital environment and stop the persistent colonization of the offending pathogens. Quanternary ammonium surfactants (QASs), with their promising antimicrobial efficacy, are considered as intriguing and appealing candidates for disinfectants. From this perspective, the present study investigated the antifungal efficacy and action mechanism of the QAS cetyltrimethylammonium chloride (CTAC) against three clinically important Candida species: C. albicans, C. tropicalis, and C. glabrata. CTAC exhibited phenomenal antifungal activity against all tested Candida spp., with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentrations (MFC) between 2 and 8 µg/mL. The time−kill kinetics of CTAC (at 2XMIC) demonstrated that an exposure time of 2 h was required to kill 99.9% of the inoculums in all tested strains. An important observation was that CTAC treatment did not influence intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS), signifying that its phenomenal anticandidal efficacy was not mediated via oxidative stress. In addition, sorbitol supplementation increased CTAC’s MIC values against all tested Candida strains by three times (8−32 μg/mL), indicating that CTAC’s possible antifungal activity involves fungus cell membrane destruction. Interestingly, the increased fluorescence intensity of CTAC-treated cells in both propidium iodide (PI) and DAPI staining assays indicated the impairment of cell plasma membrane and nuclear membrane integrity by CTAC, respectively. Additionally, CTAC at MIC and 2XMIC was sufficient (>80%) to disrupt the mature biofilms of all tested spp., and it inhibited the yeast-to-hyphae transition at sub-MIC in C. albicans. Finally, the non-hemolytic activity of CTAC (upto 32 µg/mL) in human blood cells and HBECs signified its non-toxic nature at the investigated concentrations. Furthermore, thymol and citral, two phytocompounds, together with CTAC, showed synergistic fungicidal effectiveness against C. albicans planktonic cells. Altogether, the data of the present study appreciably broaden our understanding of the antifungal action mechanism of CTAC and support its future translation as a potential disinfectant against Candida-associated healthcare infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Jothi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ravichellam Sangavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Veerapandian Raja
- Center of Emphasis in Infectious Diseases, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, TX 79905, USA
| | - Ponnuchamy Kumar
- Department of Animal Health and Management, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Shanmugaraj Gowrishankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Science Campus, Alagappa University, Karaikudi 630 003, Tamil Nadu, India
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Oucheikh L, Ou-Ani O, Moujane S, Ansari A, Oubair A, Znini M. Chemical composition, in vitro antifungal activity, DFT, molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation studies of the essential oil from Anvillea gracinii subsp. radiata (Coss. & Durieu) Anderb. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2022.2109767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lahcen Oucheikh
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Dynamics, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Omar Ou-Ani
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Dynamics, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Soumia Moujane
- Faculty of Science and Techniques, Biochemistry of natural substances, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Abdeslam Ansari
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Dynamics, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Ahmad Oubair
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Dynamics, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Znini
- Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Laboratory of Natural Substances & Synthesis and Molecular Dynamics, Moulay Ismail University of Meknes, Errachidia, Morocco
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Waseem M, Thakur JK, Subbarao N. Prediction of novel and potent inhibitors of lanosterol 14-α demethylase. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2022:1-13. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2022.2096116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Waseem
- School of computational and integrative sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Jitendra K. Thakur
- Plant Transcription Regulation Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
- Plant Mediator Lab, National Institute of Plant Genome Research, New Delhi, India
| | - Naidu Subbarao
- School of computational and integrative sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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