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Cai M, Park HR, Yang EJ. Hominis Placenta modulates PTSD-like behaviors in SPSS-induced PTSD mice: Regulating energy metabolism and neuronal activity. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117243. [PMID: 39121588 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Revised: 07/21/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) include re-experiencing trauma, avoidance behaviors, negative alterations in cognition and mood. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear. Dysfunction of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA-axis) and dysregulation of glutamatergic and GABAergic systems were shown during PTSD. Therefore, regulating hormonal change or glutamate energy metabolism are considered as a therapeutic approach to alleviate this condition. Herbal medicine may be effective in treating PTSD due to its ability to target multiple underlying mechanisms with various compounds. Hominis placenta (HP) is a traditional medicine widely used in East Asia for various conditions. However, the effect on PTSD has not been clarified. We aimed to investigate the effects of HP treatment in single-prolonged stress with shock (SPSS)-induced PTSD mice and explore its possible mechanisms. HP treatment at ST36 acupoints, combined with herbal medicine and acupuncture point stimulation, was applied three times/week for 2 weeks. HP treatment effectively alleviated anxiety and cognitive decline in SPSS-induced PTSD mice, as detected by Open field and the Y-maze test. Additionally, HP decreased the corticosterone levels and proinflammatory cytokines in the serum, modulated brain energy metabolism, and inhibited glutamate excitotoxicity, while regulating neuronal activity through modulating brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels, as demonstrated by western blot and immunohistochemistry, and flow cytometry analyses. These findings reveal that HP treatment effectively alleviates PTSD-like behaviors by regulating energy metabolism and neuronal activity though modulation of the HPA-axis and BDNF levels in PTSD mice, indicating that HP treatment is a promising therapeutic approach for PTSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudan Cai
- Department of KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Hee Ra Park
- Department of KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, South Korea
| | - Eun Jin Yang
- Department of KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM), 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Hypothyroidism, the most common endocrine disease, comprises a deficiency of thyroid hormone, causing coldness, fatigue, and dysmenorrhea. Here, we report the improvement of hypothyroidism symptoms and thyroid hormone level normalization by using Korean herbal medicine and acupuncture therapy. PATIENT CONCERNS A 30-year-old woman (Case 1) presented at the clinic with continuous seborrheic dermatitis on the scalp, accompanied by dysmenorrhea. A 55-year-old woman (Case 2) presented with symptoms of coldness of the limbs and fatigue. DIAGNOSIS Both patients were diagnosed with "Yin deficiency and Yang hyperactivity" and hypothyroidism after serum thyroid function tests. INTERVENTIONS Both patients received herbal medicine decoction, acupuncture, and electroacupuncture therapy. OUTCOMES Korean medicine improved the symptoms of hypothyroidism and significantly normalized thyroid-stimulating hormone and free-thyroxine levels. CONCLUSION These outcomes suggest that Korean medicine may be effective for resolution of hypothyroidism; however, further research is needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyongjun Kim
- Chun-Jin Korean Medicine Clinic, 89 Jungang-ro, Boryeong-si, Chungcheongnam-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Young Moon
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
- Korean Medicine Life Science, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon
| | - Kyungsun Han
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Jun-Hwan Lee
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Jong Hwan Im
- Yakson Korean Medicine Clinic, Taean-gun, Chungcheongnam-do
| | - Sungha Kim
- Clinical Medicine Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine
| | - Jeong-Eun Yoo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Korean Medicine
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Dunsan Korean Medicine Hospital of Daejeon University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Biological Response to Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 on Bone-Implant Osseointegration in Ovariectomized Experimental Design. J Craniofac Surg 2019; 30:141-144. [DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000004992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Kim TH, Choi JY, Kim KH, Kwun MJ, Han CW, Won R, Lee JJ, Kim JI, Joo M. Hominis placenta Suppresses Acute Lung Inflammation by Activating Nrf2. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:801-817. [DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Hominis placenta (HP), a dried human placenta, has been known to target liver, lung, or kidney meridians, improving the functions associated with these meridians in traditional Chinese or Asian medicine (TCM). Since recent studies implicate an HP extract in suppressing inflammation, we investigated whether an aqueous HP extract can ameliorate inflammation that occurred in the lungs. When administered with a single intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS), C57BL/6 mice developed an acute neutrophilic lung inflammation along with an increased expression of pro-inflammatory cytokine genes. However, this was diminished by the administration HP extract via an intraperitoneal route 2 h after LPS treatment. Western blot and semi-quantitative RT-PCR analyses revealed that while suppressing the activity of a proinflammatory factor NF-[Formula: see text]B marginally, the HP extract strongly activated an anti-inflammatory factor Nrf2, with concomitant expression of Nrf2-dependent genes. Mechanistically, the HP extract suppressed the ubiquitin-mediated degradation of Nrf2, functioning similarly to a 26S proteasome inhibitor, MG132. Collectively, these results suggest that the HP extract suppresses inflammation in mouse lungs, which is in part related to the HP extract perturbing the ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Nrf2 and thus increasing the function of Nrf2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae Ho Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Yong Choi
- Lung Cancer Clinic, Pulmonary Medicine Center, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyun Ha Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jung Kwun
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Woo Han
- Department of Internal Medicine, Korean Medicine Hospital of Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Ran Won
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Division of Health Sciences, Dongseo University, Busan 47011, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ju Lee
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Kim
- Department of Clinical Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University, Yangsan 50612, Republic of Korea
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Neuroprotection of Dopaminergic Neurons by Herbal Acupuncture in and Models of Parkinson’s Disease Induced by MPP+/MPTP Toxicity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.13045/acupunct.2015003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Jo NY, Kim JH, Roh JD. Clinical review of the effects of hominis placental pharmacopuncture in the treatment of facial spasm patients. J Pharmacopuncture 2015; 16:52-7. [PMID: 25780676 PMCID: PMC4331967 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2013.16.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2013] [Accepted: 06/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The main purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of treatment with Hominis Placental pharmacopuncture (HPP) for 32 patients with hemifacial spasm. Methods: We treated facial spasm patients with acupuncture and HPP at Sabaek (ST2), Seung-eup (ST1), Gwallyeo (SI18), Chanjuk (BL2), Sajukgong (TE23), Hagwan (ST7), Hyeopgeo (ST6), Jichang (ST4), Wan-gol (SI4) and Yepung (TE17), and we investigated the effect by using Scott’s scale. The data were analyzed by using the SPSS/10.0 for windows program with descriptive statistics, the paired t-test, and the Shapiro-Wilk normality test. Results: After treatment, the grade of the spasm’s intensity based on Scott’s description were decreased significantly. About 72% of the patients felt that the combination treatment had produced excellent results. Conclusion: These data suggested that HPP can be useful for treating facial spasm patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Young Jo
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Semyung University College of Korean Medicine, Jecheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Semyung University College of Korean Medicine, Jecheon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Du Roh
- Department of Acupuncture & Moxibustion, Semyung University College of Korean Medicine, Jecheon, Korea
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Lee KW, Ji HM, Kim DW, Choi SM, Kim S, Yang EJ. Effects of Hominis placenta on LPS-induced cell toxicity in BV2 microglial cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2013; 147:286-292. [PMID: 23500882 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2013.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2012] [Revised: 02/21/2013] [Accepted: 02/22/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Hominis placenta (HP) dried placenta extracted from pregnant women after delivery has been widely used to treat chronic inflammatory diseases. HP has been reported to be effective to alleviate the arthritic symptoms by modulating the expression of inflammatory factors in adjuvant-induced arthritis rats. However, the mechanism of action of HP is unknown. Neuroinflammation has been implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disease, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), Parkinson's disease (PD) and amyotropic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Activated microglia produce large amounts of toxic soluble factors, which can be responsible for the neurodegenerative disease. Chronic microglial activation leads to neuroinflammation, which contributes to neuronal dysfunction, injury and loss in these diseases. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is widely used for neuroinflammation caused by microglial activation of immune cells in the central nervous system (CNS) and subsequent release of inflammatory or neurotoxic factors. In the present study, we investigated the effects and signaling pathway of HP in the LPS induced BV2 microglial cells. MATERIALS AND METHOD BV2 microglial cells were pretreated with 50 μM HP for 2h prior to 2 μg/ml LPS for 15 min. Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The level of protein expression was analyzed by western blot. Immunofluorescence was performed with an anti-COX2 antibody in BV2 cells. RESULTS HP decreased LPS-induced microglial cell death by 24% and inhibited LPS-induced activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) by 23% and p42/44MAP kinase (ERK) by 34% treatment of LPS. In addition, HP attenuated LPS-induced pro-inflammatory proteins such as iNOS and COX2 in microglial cells 34% and 28% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our data shows that HP has a protective role against LPS stimulation through inhibition of MAPK signaling and suppression of inflammation caused by neurotoxin including LPS. These findings suggest that HP could be a potential therapeutic agent of neurodegenerative diseases which accompanied with microglial activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Woo Lee
- Department of Medical Research, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Expo-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-811, Republic of Korea.
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Wnt-signaling-mediated antiosteoporotic activity of porcine placenta hydrolysates in ovariectomized rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2012; 2012:367698. [PMID: 23258987 PMCID: PMC3522380 DOI: 10.1155/2012/367698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2012] [Accepted: 11/18/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anti-osteoporotic effects of two types of porcine placenta hydrolysates (PPH) were evaluated in ovariectomized (OVX) rats orally administered PPH without (WPPH) or with (NPPH) ovarian hormones (1 g/kg bw/day). PPH groups were compared with OVX rats with estrogen replacement (0.1 mg/kg bw conjugated estrogen; EST), or dextrose (placebo; OVX-control) All rats received high-fat/calcium-deficient diets for 12 weeks. NPPH contained less estrogen and progesterone, but more essential amino acids, whereas the opposite was true for WPPH. NPPH decreased body weight and peri-uterine fat pads, and maintained uterus weight. NPPH rats had higher femur and lumbar spine bone mass density compared to controls; but less than those of EST rats. Serum phosphorus and urinary calcium and phosphorus levels were reduced in NPPH rats compared to OVX-controls. Serum bone-specific alkaline phosphatase, osteocalcin, and bone turnover marker levels were reduced NPPH rats compared to OVX-controls. WPPH produced results similar to those of NPPH, but less significant. Both NPPH and estrogen upregulated low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 and β-catenin in OVX rats, while the expression of dickkopf-related protein 1 was suppressed. In conclusion, NPPH exerted anti-osteoporotic effects by activating osteogenesis and stimulating Wnt signaling, possibly mediated by the various amino acids and not ovarian hormones.
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Hong TK, Kim J, Woo J, Ha KT, Joo M, Hahn YB, Jeong HS. Stimulative Effects of Hominis Placental Pharmacopuncture Solution Combined with Zinc-oxide Nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 Cells: ZnO HPPS more easily stimulates RAW 264.7 cells. J Pharmacopuncture 2012; 15:13-8. [PMID: 25780643 PMCID: PMC4331945 DOI: 10.3831/kpi.2012.15.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine whether Hominis Placental pharmacopuncture solution (HPPS) combined with zinc-oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NP) activates RAW 264.7 cells. Methods: We soaked ZnO nanoparticles in the Hominis Placenta pharmacopuncture solution, thereby making a combined form (ZnO NP HPPS). The effect of ZnO NP HPPS on the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was measured by 2', 7'-dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCFH-DA) assay. The effect of ZnO NP HPPS on NF-κ B was measured by using a luciferase assay. The effect of ZnO NP HPPS on the cytokine expression was assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The cellular uptake of ZnO NP HPPS was measured by using a flow cytometric analysis, and cellular structural alterations were analyzed by using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Results: Neither the HPPS nor the ZnO NPs induced intracellular ROS production in RAW 264.7 cells. Neither of the materials activated NF-κ B or it’s dependent genes, such as TNF-α, IL-1, and MCP-1. However, ZnO NP HPPS, the combined form of ZnO NPs and HPPS, did induce the intracellular ROS production, as well as prominently activating NF-κ B and it’s dependent genes. Also, compared to ZnO NPs, it effectively increased the uptake by RAW 264.7 cells. In addition, cellular structural alterations were observed in groups treated with ZnO NP HPPS. Conclusions: Neither ZnO NP nor HPPS activated RAW 264.7 cells, which is likely due to a low cellular uptake. The ZnO NP HPPS, however, significantly activated NF-κ B and up-regulated its dependent genes such as TNF-α, IL-1, and MCP-1. ZnO NP HPPS was also more easily taken into the RAW 264.7 cells than either ZnO NP or HPPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tae-Keun Hong
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Jeehye Kim
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Juyoun Woo
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Ki-Tae Ha
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Myungsoo Joo
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
| | - Yoon-Bong Hahn
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Chonbuk National University School of Semiconductor and Chemical Engineering, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Han-Sol Jeong
- Division of Applied Medicine, Pusan National University School of Korean Medicine, Yangsan, Korea
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Akca K, Sarac E, Baysal U, Fanuscu M, Chang TL, Cehreli M. Micro-morphologic changes around biophysically-stimulated titanium implants in ovariectomized rats. Head Face Med 2007; 3:28. [PMID: 17634134 PMCID: PMC1947957 DOI: 10.1186/1746-160x-3-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2006] [Accepted: 07/16/2007] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Osteoporosis may present a risk factor in achievement of osseointegration because of its impact on bone remodeling properties of skeletal phsiology. The purpose of this study was to evaluate micro-morphological changes in bone around titanium implants exposed to mechanical and electrical-energy in osteoporotic rats. Methods Fifteen 12-week old sprague-dowley rats were ovariectomized to develop osteoporosis. After 8 weeks of healing period, two titanium implants were bilaterally placed in the proximal metaphyses of tibia. The animals were randomly divided into a control group and biophysically-stimulated two test groups with five animals in each group. In the first test group, a pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation was administrated at a 0.2 mT 4 h/day, whereas the second group received low-magnitude high-frequency mechanical vibration (MECHVIB) at 50 Hz 14 min/day. Following completion of two week treatment period, all animals were sacrificed. Bone sites including implants were sectioned, removed en bloc and analyzed using a microCT unit. Relative bone volume and bone micro-structural parameters were evaluated for 144 μm wide peri-implant volume of interest (VOI). Results Mean relative bone volume in the peri-implant VOI around implants PEMF and MECHVIB was significantly higher than of those in control (P < .05). Differences in trabecular-thickness and -separation around implants in all groups were similar (P > .05) while the difference in trabecular-number among test and control groups was significant in all VOIs (P < .05). Conclusion Biophysical stimulation remarkably enhances bone volume around titanium implants placed in osteoporotic rats. Low-magnitude high-frequency MECHVIB is more effective than PEMF on bone healing in terms of relative bone volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kivanc Akca
- Research Scholar, Division of Restorative Dentistry, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLAc School of Dentistry, USA
- Associate Professor, Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Sarac
- Private Practice, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ugur Baysal
- Associate Professor, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mete Fanuscu
- Associate Clinical Professor, Division of Restorative Dentistry, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, USA
| | - Ting-Ling Chang
- Associate Clinicial Professor, Division of Advanced Prosthodontics, The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, USA
| | - Murat Cehreli
- Associate Professor of Prosthodontics, CosmORAL Oral and Dental Health Polyclinics, Ankara, Turkey
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