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Chai Z, Wang J, Dai Y, Du E, Guo H. Synergy between UV light and trichloroisocyanuric acid on methylisothiazolinone degradation: Performance, kinetics and degradation pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 236:116693. [PMID: 37481058 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023]
Abstract
Methylisothiazolinone (MIT) is widely used in daily chemicals, fungicides, and other fields and its toxicity has posed a threat to water system and human health. In this study, ultraviolet (UV)/trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), which belongs to advanced oxidation processes (AOP), was adopted to degrade MIT. Total chlorine attenuation detection proved that TCCA has medium UV absorption and a strong quantum yield (0.49 mol E-1). At a pH of 7.0, 93.5% of MIT had been decontaminated after 60 min in UV/TCCA system (kobs = 4.4 × 10-2 min-1, R2 = 0.978), which was much higher than that in the UV alone system and TCCA alone system, at 65% (1.7 × 10-2 min-1, R2 = 0.995) and 10% (1.8 × 10-3 s-1, R2 = 0.915), respectively. This system also behaved well in degrading other five kinds of contaminants. Tert-butanol (TBA) and carbonate (CO32-) were separately used in quenching experiments, and the degradation efficiency of MIT decreased by 39.5% and 46.5% respectively, which confirmed that HO• and reactive chlorine species (RCS) were dominant oxidants in UV/TCCA system. With TCCA dosage increasing in a relatively low concentration range (0.02-0.2 mM) and pH decreasing, the effectiveness of this AOP system would be strengthened. The influences of coexisting substances (Cl-, SO42-, CO32-, NO2- and NO3-) were explored. MIT degradation pathways were proposed and sulfur atom oxidation and carboxylation were considered as the dominant removal mechanisms of MIT. Frontier orbital theory and Fukui indexes of MIT were employed to further explore the degradation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhizhuo Chai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Jingquan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Yixue Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Erdeng Du
- School of Environmental and Safety Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China.
| | - Hongguang Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Deep Earth Science and Engineering, College of Architecture and Environment, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
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Kuang J, Hu Q, Feng Y, Yuan J, Cheng Z. Sensitive Detections of Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate and Rosmarinic Acid by Polyvinylpyrrolidone Coated Copper Nanoclusters. J Fluoresc 2023:10.1007/s10895-023-03454-2. [PMID: 37882933 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-023-03454-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
In this article, the water-soluble blue-light-emitting copper nanoclusters (CuNCs) were prepared by polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and ascorbic acid as templating and reducing agents, respectively. The optimization of synthesis conditions of PVP-CuNCs were studied and analyzed. And the quantum yield of the PVP-CuNCs was calculated to be 14.97%. It had good specificity and exceptionally sensitive detection for sodium dichloroisocyanurate (DCCNa)/rosmarinic acid (RA), with a linear response range of 0.030-2.400/0.030-0.900 μM and corresponding LOD value of 10.766/8.985 nM. Moreover, the fluorescent reaction mechanisms of the PVP-CuNCs-DCCNa and PVP-CuNCs-DCCNa-RA systems were discussed, and the sensing probe could be effectively used for the assays of DCCNa and RA in genuine samples, whose results were acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Kuang
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Qingqing Hu
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Yao Feng
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Jingxue Yuan
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China
| | - Zhengjun Cheng
- Chemical Synthesis and Pollution Control Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China.
- Institute of Applied Chemistry, China West Normal University, Nanchong, 637002, China.
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Montagnin C, Cawthraw S, Ring I, Ostanello F, Smith RP, Davies R, Martelli F. Efficacy of Five Disinfectant Products Commonly Used in Pig Herds against a Panel of Bacteria Sensitive and Resistant to Selected Antimicrobials. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12202780. [PMID: 36290166 PMCID: PMC9597786 DOI: 10.3390/ani12202780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing threat of antimicrobial resistance worldwide has led to an increasing concern in the human, veterinary, and environmental fields, highlighting the need for strategies to effectively control bacterial contamination. Correct biosecurity practices, including the appropriate use of disinfectants, play a crucial role in controlling bacterial contamination. This study aimed to verify whether the recommended concentrations defined according to the Defra General Orders concentration (GO, published by the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs' disinfectant-approval scheme) of five commercial disinfectant preparations (peroxygen-based, phenol-based, two halogen-releasing agents, and glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based; disinfectants A to E, respectively) were sufficient to inhibit growth and inactivate selected bacterial strains, including some that carry known phenotypic patterns of multidrug resistance. The effectiveness of each disinfectant was expressed as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) values, determined by the broth-microdilution method. The results indicate that the type of disinfectant and its concentration influence the inhibitory and bactericidal efficacy. The glutaraldehyde/quaternary ammonium compound-based (disinfectant D) and chlorocresol-based products (disinfectant B) were the most effective, and the GO concentration was bactericidal in all the strains tested. The efficacy of the other compounds varied, depending on the bacterial species tested. The GO concentrations were at least able to inhibit the bacterial growth in all the products and bacterial strains tested. A greater tolerance to the compounds was observed in the strains of E. coli with multidrug-resistance profiles compared to the strains that were sensitive to the same antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Montagnin
- Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell’Emilia-Romagna, Via Bianchi 9, 25124 Brescia, Italy
| | - Shaun Cawthraw
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Isaac Ring
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Fabio Ostanello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Tolara di Sopra, 50, 40064 Ozzano dell’Emilia, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Richard P. Smith
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Rob Davies
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
| | - Francesca Martelli
- Animal and Plant Health Agency, Woodham Lane, New Haw, Addlestone KT15 3NB, UK
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Oliveira IM, Gomes IB, Simões LC, Simões M. Chlorinated cyanurates and potassium salt of peroxymonosulphate as antimicrobial and antibiofilm agents for drinking water disinfection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 811:152355. [PMID: 34921876 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.152355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The understanding of microbial susceptibility to disinfectants is an important step to provide drinking water (DW) of adequate microbiological quality. In drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) the application of disinfectants is the main approach to control microorganisms. Although chlorine has been commonly used for DW treatment, the increase of microbial resistance and the production of harmful disinfection by-products promote the necessity to seek new alternatives. This study evaluated the antimicrobial activity of sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC), trichloroisocyanuric acid (TCCA), and pentapotassium bis(peroxymonosulphate) bis(sulphate) (OXONE) against two emerging pathogens isolated from DW, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Free chlorine from calcium hypochlorite was used for comparison. The dose and time-responses against planktonic bacteria were performed as well as the assessment of the effects on membrane integrity. Moreover, the effects against 48 h-old biofilms formed on polyvinyl chloride and stainless steel were evaluated in terms of biofilm culturability and removal. Minimum bactericidal concentrations of 2.1 and 3.1 mg/L for NaDCC, 2.5 and 3.8 mg/L for TCCA, 340 and 690 mg/L for OXONE, and 0.80 and 1.0 mg/L for free chlorine alone were obtained against S. maltophilia and A. calcoaceticus, respectively. The kinetic modeling revealed that NaDCC and TCCA caused similar inactivation rates and the time for first log reduction by OXONE was less than 10 min, for both bacteria. All the disinfectants triggered significant bacterial cytoplasmic membrane destabilization, even at sub-lethal concentrations. A 30 min treatment with the disinfectants allowed a reduction in the biofilm culturability up to 5 log. OXONE was the disinfectant with the best efficiency against both bacterial biofilms. However, none of the disinfectants caused significant biofilm removal (reduction < 1 log cells/cm2). This study highlights NaDCC, TCCA, and OXONE as promising alternatives to free chlorine for DW disinfection, particularly for planktonic growth control and biofilm culturability reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Maria Oliveira
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Bezerra Gomes
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Lúcia Chaves Simões
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal
| | - Manuel Simões
- LEPABE - Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
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Kucera J. Biofouling of Polyamide Membranes: Fouling Mechanisms, Current Mitigation and Cleaning Strategies, and Future Prospects. MEMBRANES 2019; 9:E111. [PMID: 31480327 PMCID: PMC6780091 DOI: 10.3390/membranes9090111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Revised: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Reverse osmosis and nanofiltration systems are continuously challenged with biofouling of polyamide membranes that are used almost exclusively for these desalination techniques. Traditionally, pretreatment and reactive membrane cleanings are employed as biofouling control methods. This in-depth review paper discusses the mechanisms of membrane biofouling and effects on performance. Current industrial disinfection techniques are reviewed, including chlorine and other chemical and non-chemical alternatives to chlorine. Operational techniques such as reactive membrane cleaning are also covered. Based on this review, there are three suggested areas of additional research offering promising, polyamide membrane-targeted biofouling minimization that are discussed. One area is membrane modification. Modification using surface coatings with inclusion of various nanoparticles, and graphene oxide within the polymer or membrane matrix, are covered. This work is in the infancy stage and shows promise for minimizing the contributions of current membranes themselves in promoting biofouling, as well as creating oxidant-resistant membranes. Another area of suggested research is chemical disinfectants for possible application directly on the membrane. Likely disinfectants discussed herein include nitric oxide donor compounds, dichloroisocyanurate, and chlorine dioxide. Finally, proactive cleaning, which aims to control the extent of biofouling by cleaning before it negatively affects membrane performance, shows potential for low- to middle-risk systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jane Kucera
- Nalco Water, An Ecolab Company, 1601 West Diehl Road, Naperville, IL 60563, USA.
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Zhou X, Zhang K, Zhang T, Li C, Mao X. An ignored and potential source of taste and odor (T&O) issues—biofilms in drinking water distribution system (DWDS). Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2017; 101:3537-3550. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-017-8223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Quain DE. Draught beer hygiene: cleaning of dispense tap nozzles. JOURNAL OF THE INSTITUTE OF BREWING 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/jib.335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David E. Quain
- International Centre for Brewing Science, School of Biosciences; University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus; Leicestershire UK
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Adukwu EC, Allen SC, Phillips CA. A comparison of the sensitivity of four Staphylococcus aureus isolates to two chlorine-based disinfectants and an eco-friendly commercially available cleaning agent. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH RESEARCH 2014; 25:115-125. [PMID: 24725246 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2014.903905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of household bleach, a sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC)-based disinfectant and an eco-friendly cleaning agent (EFCA) on four Staphylococcus aureus strains, including two isolated from community infections. The products were assessed using the suspension (EN 1276) and surface (EN 13697) tests, while biofilm activity was determined using the 96-well plate method. Bleach and NaDCC caused > 5 log reduction in viable counts within 5 min in suspension, whilst on surfaces the reduction was < 3 log. Bleach at 5000 ppm free available chlorine completely eradicated MSSA NCTC 13297 and PVL CA MSSA biofilms within 10 min, but not at 500 and 50 ppm, NaDCC was less effective against biofilms. The EFCA demonstrated no antimicrobial activity. It is of concern that at the recommended "use" dilution, bleach did not eradicate biofilms. Although increasing contact time and/or concentration should improve the activity, this may not be acceptable to the user.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel C Adukwu
- a Department of Biology and Biomedical Science , University of the West of England , Bristol , UK
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Yu J, Baek Y, Yoon H, Yoon J. New disinfectant to control biofouling of polyamide reverse osmosis membrane. J Memb Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2012.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Villa F, Remelli W, Forlani F, Gambino M, Landini P, Cappitelli F. Effects of chronic sub-lethal oxidative stress on biofilm formation by Azotobacter vinelandii. BIOFOULING 2012; 28:823-833. [PMID: 22871137 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2012.715285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This work showed that perturbations of the physiological steady-state level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) affected biofilm genesis and the characteristics of the model bacterium Azotobacter vinelandii. To get a continuous endogenous source of ROS, a strain exposed to chronic sub-lethal oxidative stress was deprived of the gene coding for the antioxidant rhodanese-like protein RhdA (MV474). In this study MV474 biofilm showed (i) a seven-fold higher growth rate, (ii) induction of catalase and alkyl-hydroxyl-peroxidase enzymes, (iii) higher average thicknesses due to increased production of a polysaccharide-rich extracellular matrix and (iv) less susceptibility to hydrogen peroxide than the wild-type strain (UW136). MV474 showed increased swimming and swarming activity and the swarming colonies experienced a higher level of oxidative stress compared to UW136. A continuous exogenous source of ROS increased biofilm formation in UW136. Overall, chronic sub-lethal oxidative events promoted sessile behavior in A. vinelandii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Villa
- Dipartimento di Scienze per gli Alimenti, la Nutrizione e l'Ambiente, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Celoria 2, Milano, 20133, Italy
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