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Alyami MH, Alyami HS, Abdo AM, A. Sabry S, El-Nahas HM, Ayoub MM. Maximizing the Use of Ivermectin Transethosomal Cream in the Treatment of Scabies. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:1026. [PMID: 39204371 PMCID: PMC11360360 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16081026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2024] [Revised: 07/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
In an effort to tackle the skin reactions frequently observed with topical application of ivermectin (IVM), a study was conducted to develop and optimize transethosomes (TESMs) loaded with IVM for scabies treatment. A three-factor, two-level (23) full factorial design was employed. Soyabean phosphatidylcholine concentration (A), ethanol concentration (B) and Span 60 amount (C) were studied as independent factors, while entrapment efficiency (EE), particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP) and drug release after 6 h (Q6h) were characterized. The skin sensitivity of the optimized formulation was evaluated by skin irritation test and histopathological examination. The EE% ranged from 88.55 ± 0.576% to 94.13 ± 0.305%, PS was from 318.033 ± 45.61 nm to 561.400 ± 45.17 nm, PDI was from 0.328 ± 0.139 to 0.671 ± 0.103, ZP was from -54.13 ± 1.09 mV to -60.50 ± 2.34 mV and Q6h was from 66.20 ± 0.30% to 93.46 ± 0.86%. The IVM-loaded transethosomal cream showed lower skin irritation and a more intact epidermal layer with intact keratinocyte, compared to the marketed cream which showed severe destruction of the keratin layer. Therefore, patient compliance can be improved by encapsulating IVM within TESMs to minimize its skin reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad H. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamad S. Alyami
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran 66462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asmaa M. Abdo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Shereen A. Sabry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. El-Nahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Margrit M. Ayoub
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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2
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Faisal MM, Gomaa E, Ibrahim AE, El Deeb S, Al-Harrasi A, Ibrahim TM. Verapamil-Loaded Cubosomes for Enhancing Intranasal Drug Delivery: Development, Characterization, Ex Vivo Permeation, and Brain Biodistribution Studies. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:95. [PMID: 38710921 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02814-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 04/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024] Open
Abstract
Verapamil hydrochloride (VRP), an antihypertensive calcium channel blocker drug has limited bioavailability and short half-life when taken orally. The present study was aimed at developing cubosomes containing VRP for enhancing its bioavailability and targeting to brain for cluster headache (CH) treatment as an off-label use. Factorial design was conducted to analyze the impact of different components on entrapment efficiency (EE%), particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), and percent drug release. Various in-vitro characterizations were performed followed by pharmacokinetic and brain targeting studies. The results revealed the significant impact of glyceryl monooleate (GMO) on increasing EE%, PS, and ZP of cubosomes with a negative influence on VRP release. The remarkable effect of Poloxamer 407 (P407) on decreasing EE%, PS, and ZP of cubosomes was observed besides its influence on accelerating VRP release%. The DSC thermograms indicated the successful entrapment of the amorphous state of VRP inside the cubosomes. The design suggested an optimized formulation containing GMO (50% w/w) and P407 (5.5% w/w). Such formulation showed a significant increase in drug permeation through nasal mucosa with high Er value (2.26) when compared to VRP solution. Also, the histopathological study revealed the safety of the utilized components used in the cubosomes preparation. There was a significant enhancement in the VRP bioavailability when loaded in cubosomes owing to its sustained release favored by its direct transport to brain. The I.N optimized formulation had greater BTE% and DTP% at 183.53% and 90.19%, respectively in comparison of 41.80% and 59% for the I.N VRP solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mennatullah M Faisal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Eman Gomaa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Adel Ehab Ibrahim
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman.
| | - Sami El Deeb
- Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, 38106, Brunswick, Germany.
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Center, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mauz, P.O. Box 33, Nizwa, 616, Sultanate of Oman
| | - Tarek M Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
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3
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Fan M, Liu W, Zhao L, Nie L, Wang Y. Engineering nanosystems for transdermal delivery of antihypertensive drugs. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:265-279. [PMID: 38416123 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2024.2324981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
To control hypertension, long-term continuous antihypertensive therapeutics are required and five classes of antihypertensive drugs are frequently involved, including diuretics, β-blockers, calcium channel blockers, angiotensin II receptor blockers, and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors. Although with demonstrated clinical utility, there is still room for the improvement of many antihypertensive drugs in oral tablet or capsule dosage form, in terms of reducing systemic side effects and first-pass hepatic drug uptake. Meanwhile, nanocarrier-mediated transdermal drug delivery systems have emerged as a powerful tool for various disease treatments. With benefits such as promoting patient compliance for long-time administration, enhancing skin permeability, and reducing systemic side effects, these systems are reasonably investigated and developed for the transdermal delivery of multiple antihypertensive drugs. This review aims to summarize the literature relating to nanosystem-based transdermal antihypertensive drug delivery and update recent advances in this field, as well as briefly discuss the challenges and prospects of engineering transdermal delivery nanosystems for hypertension treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Fan
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wengang Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Liangfeng Zhao
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lirong Nie
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shidong Hospital, Yangpu District, Shidong Hospital Affiliated to University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China
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4
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Preeti, Sambhakar S, Malik R, Bhatia S, Harrasi AA, Saharan R, Aggarwal G, Kumar S, Sehrawat R, Rani C. Lipid Horizons: Recent Advances and Future Prospects in LBDDS for Oral Administration of Antihypertensive Agents. Int J Hypertens 2024; 2024:2430147. [PMID: 38410720 PMCID: PMC10896658 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2430147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The lipid-based drug delivery system (LBDDS) is a well-established technique that is anticipated to bring about comprehensive transformations in the pharmaceutical field, impacting the management and administration of drugs, as well as treatment and diagnosis. Various LBDDSs verified to be an efficacious mechanism for monitoring hypertension systems are SEDDS (self-nano emulsifying drug delivery), nanoemulsion, microemulsions, vesicular systems (transferosomes and liposomes), and solid lipid nanoparticles. LBDDSs overcome the shortcomings that are associated with antihypertensive agents because around fifty percent of the antihypertensive agents experience a few drawbacks including short half-life because of hepatic first-pass metabolism, poor aqueous solubility, low permeation rate, and undesirable side effects. This review emphasizes antihypertensive agents that were encapsulated into the lipid carrier to improve their poor oral bioavailability. Incorporating cutting-edge technologies such as nanotechnology and targeted drug delivery, LBDDS holds promise in addressing the multifactorial nature of hypertension. By fine-tuning drug release profiles and enhancing drug uptake at specific sites, LBDDS can potentially target renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system components, sympathetic nervous system pathways, and endothelial dysfunction, all of which play crucial roles in hypertension pathophysiology. The future of hypertension management using LBDDS is promising, with ongoing reviews focusing on precision medicine approaches, improved biocompatibility, and reduced toxicity. As we delve deeper into understanding the intricate mechanisms underlying hypertension, LBDDS offers a pathway to develop next-generation antihypertensive therapies that are safer, more effective, and tailored to individual patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad 304022, Rajasthan, India
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar 122506, Haryana, India
| | - Sharda Sambhakar
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Rohit Malik
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar 122506, Haryana, India
- SRM Modinagar College of Pharmacy, SRMIST, Delhi-NCR Campus, Ghaziabad, India
| | - Saurabh Bhatia
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mouz, Nizwa, Oman
- School of Health Sciences, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ahmed Al Harrasi
- Natural & Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Al Mouz, Nizwa, Oman
| | - Renu Saharan
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad 304022, Rajasthan, India
- Maharishi Markandeshwar Deemed to be University, Mullana, Ambala 133203, Haryana, India
| | - Geeta Aggarwal
- Banasthali Vidyapith, Vanasthali Road, Aliyabad 304022, Rajasthan, India
| | - Suresh Kumar
- Bharat Institute of Pharmacy, Pehladpur, Babain, Kurukshetra 136132, Haryana, India
| | - Renu Sehrawat
- School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K. R. Mangalam University, Gurugram, Haryana 122103, India
| | - Chanchal Rani
- Gurugram Global College of Pharmacy, Haily Mandi Rd, Farukh Nagar 122506, Haryana, India
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Fouad SA, Khatab ST, Teaima MH, El-Nabarawi MA, Abdelmonem R. Nanosized ethosomal dispersions for enhanced transdermal delivery of nebivolol using intradermal/transfollicular sustained reservoir: in vitro evaluation, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. Pharm Dev Technol 2024; 29:40-51. [PMID: 38078863 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2023.2294278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Nebivolol (NBV), a BCS class II anti-hypertensive drug, suffers from limited solubility and oral bioavailability. Nanosized ethosomes were adopted as an approach to solubilize and deliver NBV transdermally, as a substitute to oral route. Ethosomal dispersions were prepared employing thin film hydration method. Formulation variables were adjusted to obtain entrapment efficiency; EE > 50%, particle size; PS < 100 nm, zeta potential; ZP > ±25 mV, and polydispersity index; PDI < 0.5. The optimized ethosomal dispersion (OED) showed accepted EE 86.46 ± 0.15%, PS 73.50 ± 0.08 nm, ZP 33.75 ± 1.20 mV, and PDI 0.31 ± 0.07. It also showed enhanced cumulative amount of NBV permeated at 8 h (Q8) 71.26 ± 1.46% and 24 h (Q24) 98.18 ± 1.02%. TEM images denoted spherical vesicles with light colored lipid bi-layer and dark core. Confocal laser scanning microscopy showed deeply localized intradermal and transfollicular permeation of the fluorolabelled OED (FL-OED). Nanosized FL-OED (<100 nm) can permeate through hair follicles creating a drug reservoir for enhanced systemic absorption. OED formulated into transdermal patch (OED-TP1) exhibited accepted physicochemical properties including; thickness 0.14 ± 0.01 mm, folding endurance 151 ± 0.07, surface pH 5.80 ± 0.15, drug content 98.64 ± 2.01%, mucoadhesion 8534 ± 0.03, Q8 87.61 ± 0.11%, and Q24 99.22 ± 0.24%. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies showed significantly enhanced bioavailability of OED-TP1 by 7.9 folds compared to oral Nevilob® tablets (p = 0.0002). It could be concluded that OED-TP1 can be a promising lipid nanocarrier TDDS for NBV and an efficacious alternative route of administration for hypertensive patients suffering from dysphagia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahinaze A Fouad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara T Khatab
- The General Authority for Health Insurance, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud H Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rehab Abdelmonem
- Department of Industrial Pharmacy, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology, Cairo, Egypt
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6
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Sabry SA, Abd El Razek AM, Nabil M, Khedr SM, El-Nahas HM, Eissa NG. Brain-targeted delivery of Valsartan using solid lipid nanoparticles labeled with Rhodamine B; a promising technique for mitigating the negative effects of stroke. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2179127. [PMID: 36794404 PMCID: PMC10003139 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2179127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The brain is a vital organ that is protected from the general circulation and is distinguished by the presence of a relatively impermeable blood brain barrier (BBB). Blood brain barrier prevents the entry of foreign molecules. The current research aims to transport valsartan (Val) across BBB utilizing solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) approach to mitigate the adverse effects of stroke. Using a 32-factorial design, we could investigate and optimize the effect of several variables in order to improve brain permeability of valsartan in a target-specific and sustained-release manner, which led to alleviation of ischemia-induced brain damage. The impact of each of the following independent variables was investigated: lipid concentration (% w/v), surfactant concentration (% w/v), and homogenization speed (RPM) on particle size, zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE) %, and cumulative drug release percentage (CDR) %. TEM images revealed a spherical form of the optimized nanoparticles, with particle size (215.76 ± 7.63 nm), PDI (0.311 ± 0.02), ZP (-15.26 ± 0.58 mV), EE (59.45 ± 0.88%), and CDR (87.59 ± 1.67%) for 72 hours. SLNs formulations showed sustained drug release, which could effectively reduce the dose frequency and improve patient compliance. DSC and X-ray emphasize that Val was encapsulated in the amorphous form. The in-vivo results revealed that the optimized formula successfully delivered Val to the brain through intranasal rout as compared to a pure Val solution and evidenced by the photon imaging and florescence intensity quantification. In a conclusion, the optimized SLN formula (F9) could be a promising therapy for delivering Val to brain, alleviating the negative consequences associated with stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shereen A Sabry
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Amal M Abd El Razek
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Nabil
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, New Valley University, Kharga, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa M Khedr
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Centre (PFIDC), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), New Borg El-Arab, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Hanan M El-Nahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Noura G Eissa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt.,Science Academy, Badr University in Cairo, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Abdallah MH, El-Horany HES, El-Nahas HM, Ibrahim TM. Tailoring Risperidone-Loaded Glycethosomal In Situ Gels Using Box-Behnken Design for Treatment of Schizophrenia-Induced Rats via Intranasal Route. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2521. [PMID: 38004501 PMCID: PMC10675145 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Schizophrenic patients often face challenges with adherence to oral regimens. The study aimed to highlight the potentiality of intranasal ethanol/glycerin-containing lipid-nanovesicles (glycethosomes) incorporated into in situ gels for sustaining anti-psychotic risperidone (RS) release. The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was followed for in vitro characterization. Glycethosomal-based in situ gels were examined by physical, ex vivo, and in vivo investigations. The ethanol impact on minimizing the vesicle size (VS) and enhancing the zeta potential (ZP) and entrapment efficiency (EE%) of nanovesicles was observed. Glycerin displayed positive action on increasing VS and ZP of nanovesicles, but reduced their EE%. After incorporation into various mucoadhesive agent-enriched poloxamer 407 (P407) in situ gels, the optimized gel containing 20% P407 and 1% hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose-K4M (HPMC-K4M) at a 4:1 gel/glycethosomes ratio showed low viscosity and high spreadability with acceptable pH, gel strength, and mucoadhesive strength ranges. The ethanol/glycerin mixture demonstrated a desirable ex vivo skin permeability of RS through the nasal mucosa. By pharmacokinetic analysis, the optimized gel showed eight-fold and three-fold greater increases in RS bioavailability than the control gel and marketed tablet, respectively. Following biochemical assessments of schizophrenia-induced rats, the optimized gel boosted the neuroprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory action of RS in comparison to other tested preparations. Collectively, the intranasal RS-loaded glycethosomal gel offered a potential substitute to oral therapy for schizophrenic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (H.M.E.-N.); (T.M.I.)
| | - Hemat El-Sayed El-Horany
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta 31511, Egypt
| | - Hanan M. El-Nahas
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (H.M.E.-N.); (T.M.I.)
| | - Tarek M. Ibrahim
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt; (H.M.E.-N.); (T.M.I.)
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Shinde P, Page A, Bhattacharya S. Ethosomes and their monotonous effects on Skin cancer disruption. FRONTIERS IN NANOTECHNOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.3389/fnano.2023.1087413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Skin cancer is one of the most prominent diseases, affecting all continents worldwide, and has shown a significant rise in mortality and prevalence. Conventional therapy, including chemotherapy and surgery, has a few drawbacks. The ethosomal systems would be thoroughly reviewed in this compilation, and they would be classified based on constituents: classical ethosomes, binary ethosomes, and transethosomes. Ethosomes systems are model lipid vesicular carriers with a substantial portion of ethanol. The impacts of ethosomal system components, preparation techniques, and their major roles in selecting the final characteristics of these nanocarriers are comprehensively reviewed in this chapter. The special techniques for ethosomes, including the cold approach, hot approach, injection method, mechanical dispersion method, and conventional method, are explained in this chapter. Various evaluation parameters of ethosomes were also explained. Furthermore, ethosomal gels, patches, and creams can be emphasised as innovative pharmaceutical drug formulations. Some hybrid ethosomal vesicles possessing combinatorial cancer therapy using nanomedicine could overcome the current drug resistance of specific cancer cells. Through the use of repurpose therapy, phytoconstituents may be delivered more effectively. A wide range of in vivo models are employed to assess their effectiveness. Ethosomes have provided numerous potential skin cancer therapeutic approaches in the future.
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Rao L, Bhardwaj BY, Chugh M, Sharma A, Shah R, Minocha N, Pandey P. Enhanced Efficacy of Carvedilol by Utilization of Solid Dispersion and Other Novel Strategies: A Review. Cardiovasc Hematol Disord Drug Targets 2023; 23:141-156. [PMID: 37953616 DOI: 10.2174/011871529x247622231101075854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Carvedilol is classified as a second class drug of Biopharmaceutical classification system (BCS), and it is an excellent beta blocker and vasodilating agent. It is used in a diverse range of disease states. Despite having tremendous advantages, the drug cannot be used effectively and productively due to aquaphobicity and poor bioavailability. To overcome this limitation, numerous novel approaches and tactics have been introduced over the past few years, such as Selfmicro emulsifying drug delivery systems (SMEDDS), nanoparticles, solid dispersions and liposomal drug delivery. The present review aims to accentuate the role of solid dispersion in improving the dissolution profile and aqua solubility of carvedilol and also to emphasize other novel formulations of carvedilol proposed to prevail the limitations of carvedilol. Solid dispersion and other novel approaches were found to play a significant role in overcoming the drawbacks of carvedilol, among which solid dispersion is the most feasible and effective approach being used worldwide. Reduced particle size, more wettability, and large surface area are obtained by the implementation of solid dispersion technique, hence improving carvedilol solubility and bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshita Rao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram - 122018, Haryana, India
| | - Bigul Yogeshver Bhardwaj
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University, Solan - 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mahek Chugh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Ashish Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram - 122018, Haryana, India
| | - Rashmi Shah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak - 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Neha Minocha
- Chitkara School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Baddi - 174103, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Parijat Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurugram University, Gurugram - 122018, Haryana, India
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10
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Ginger Extract-Loaded Sesame Oil-Based Niosomal Emulgel: Quality by Design to Ameliorate Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Gels 2022; 8:gels8110737. [DOI: 10.3390/gels8110737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ginger, a natural plant belonging to the Zingeberaceae family, has been reported to have reasonable anti-inflammatory effects. The current study aimed to examine ginger extract transdermal delivery by generating niosomal vesicles as a promising nano-carrier incorporated into emulgel prepared with sesame oil. Particle size, viscosity, in vitro release, and ex vivo drug penetration experiments were performed on the produced formulations (ginger extract loaded gel, ginger extract loaded emulgel, ginger extract niosomal gel, and ginger extract niosomal emulgel). Carrageenan-induced edema in rat hind paw was employed to estimate the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The generated ginger extract formulations showed good viscosity and particle size. The in vitro release of ginger extract from niosomal formulation surpassed other formulations. In addition, the niosomal emulgel formulation showed improved transdermal flux and increased drug permeability through rabbit skin compared to other preparations. Most importantly, carrageenan-induced rat hind paw edema test confirmed the potential anti-inflammatory efficacy of ginger extract niosomal emulgel, compared to other formulations, as manifested by a significant decrease in paw edema with a superior edema inhibition potency. Overall, our findings suggest that incorporating a niosomal formulation within sesame oil-based emulgel might represent a plausible strategy for effective transdermal delivery of anti-inflammatory drugs like ginger extract.
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Abdallah HM, El-Megrab NA, Balata GF, Eissa NG. Niosomal and ethosomal gels: A comparative in vitro and ex vivo evaluation for repurposing of spironolactone. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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12
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Jafari A, Daneshamouz S, Ghasemiyeh P, Mohammadi-Samani S. Ethosomes as dermal/transdermal drug delivery systems: applications, preparation and characterization. J Liposome Res 2022; 33:34-52. [PMID: 35695714 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2022.2085742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) have gained substantial attention during the last decade. TDDS are versatile delivery systems in which active components are delivered to skin for local effects or systemic delivery of active pharmaceutical through the skin. Overcoming stratum corneum is the most challenging step of delivering drugs through the skin. Lipid-based vesicular delivery systems due to the capability of the delivery of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs are becoming more popular during the recent years. Ethosomes are innovative, biocompatible, biodegradable and non-toxic form of lipid-based vesicles that efficiently enable to entrap drugs of various physicochemical properties. These are other forms of liposome which contain high amounts of ethanol in their structure that enabling ethosomes to efficiently penetrate through deeper layers of skin. Ethosomes have various compositions based on their type but are mainly composed of phospholipids, ethanol, water and the active components. Ethosomes are easily manufactured and they are superior compared to liposomes in terms of different aspects due to the presence of ethanol. The purpose of this review is to thoroughly focus on various aspects of ethosomes, including mechanism of penetration, advantages and disadvantages, characterisation and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atoosa Jafari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Saeid Daneshamouz
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Parisa Ghasemiyeh
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Soliman Mohammadi-Samani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.,Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Fabrication of Ethosomes Containing Tocopherol Acetate to Enhance Transdermal Permeation: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Characterizations. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060335. [PMID: 35735679 PMCID: PMC9222905 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Tocopherol acetate (TA) is known as a skin moisturizing and photoprotective agent. One major drawback with tocopherol and its derivatives remains its limited stability. Aim: To develop highly stable TA-containing ethosomal gel (TAEG) as an advanced dosage form. Methods: A cold method technique was used to produce the ethosomes. An in vitro evaluation of viscosity, conductivity, and pH stability was carried out for three months. An in vitro physical characterization of the nanoparticles (NPs) that included particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis was then performed. Organoleptic evaluation, thermostability at 8 °C, 25 °C, 40 °C and 40 °C ± 75% RH, pH, conductivity, viscosity, and spreadability measurements were also performed in vitro for three months. An ex vivo permeation study was performed in phosphate-buffered solution (1× PBS; pH 5.5 or pH 7.4) at 37 ± 0.2 °C by using rat abdominal skin and the Franz diffusion cell method. The data of three independent experiments were expressed as mean ± SD. A two-way ANOVA was applied to compare data on TAEG versus TA control gel (TACG). Results: PS of the ethosomes was in the range of 144−289 nm. A total of nine formulations were developed. Optimized TAEG formulation (TA-5) was selected based on the highest entrapment efficiency (EE) of 99.71%, while the stability, the PS, and the uniformity-based polydispersity index (PDI) were also among the best. TA-5 exhibited smooth spherical ethosomal NPs with PS of 200.6 nm, ZP value of −18.6 V, and PDI of 0.465. Stability data obtained for TA-5 in terms of rheology, conductivity, and pH presented no significant change (p > 0.05) during the entire study duration. Rheological studies indicated that TA-5 followed a non-Newtonian behavior of shear thinning system. The ex vivo drug permeation was 44.55 ± 0.01% in TA-5 and the drug retention in skin was 51.20%, which was significantly higher than TACG as observed after 24 h permeation study (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The newly developed TAEG formulation appears promising to enhance the effectivity of TA and its topical application.
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Akhtar N, Akhtar N. Development of Stable Tocopherol Succinate-Loaded Ethosomes to Enhance Transdermal Permeation: In-Vitro and In-Vivo Characterizations. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:4942-4955. [PMID: 35274433 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tocopherol succinate (TS) represents synthetic derivative of α-tocopherol (vitamin E), it act as anti-aging, moisturizing and antioxidant. Ultraviolet (UV) photo stability of TS is low and it cause skin irritation. AIM To develop tocopherol succinate loaded ethosomal gel for topical TS delivery and to evaluate its moisturizing and anti-aging effects. METHOD Cold method technique was used to produce ethosomal formulations (N=9) by varying ethanol and lipid concentrations (F1-F9). The most optimized formulation (F5) was selected for further study on the basis of characterization. F5 Formulation was incorporated into gel. Ex vivo permeation study was done by using Franz diffusion cell. Non-invasive in-vivo study was performed by using corneometer for evaluation of skin moisture content and skin mechanical properties by using cutometer, for 12 weeks on human subjects (N=13). RESULTS Particle size (PS), zeta potential (ZP) and polydispersity index (PDI), Entrapment efficiency were found to be 179.1 nm, -13.7 mV and 0.345, 99.71% respectively. TEM depicted spherical ethosomal particles. Ethosomal gel and control gel were evaluated for Conductivity and pH. Rheological analysis revealed a non-Newtonian flow. The release profile showed Initial burst and then sustained release, release data followed Korsmeyer-Peppas model. TS loaded ethosomal gel appeared physically stable and showed significant results in terms of skin capacitance and mechanical properties. CONCLUSION The prepared ethosomal gel formulation containing TS is more stable with enhanced antioxidant, moisturizing properties and increased TS deposition into the skin layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Panjab, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmacy, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Panjab, Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
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Rafique J, Afzal QQ, Perveen M, Iqbal J, Akhter MS, Nazir S, Al-Buriahi MS, Alomairy S, Alrowaili ZA. Drug delivery of carvedilol (cardiovascular drug) using phosphorene as a drug carrier: a DFT study. JOURNAL OF TAIBAH UNIVERSITY FOR SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/16583655.2021.2021789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javeria Rafique
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Qaba Qusain Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Mehvish Perveen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Javed Iqbal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Punjab Bio-Energy Institute, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sidra Nazir
- Faisalabad Institute of Cardiology, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | | | - Sultan Alomairy
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Z. A. Alrowaili
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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16
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Abdallah MH, Abu Lila AS, Shawky SM, Almansour K, Alshammari F, Khafagy ES, Makram TS. Experimental Design and Optimization of Nano-Transfersomal Gel to Enhance the Hypoglycemic Activity of Silymarin. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030508. [PMID: 35160498 PMCID: PMC8838802 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Current advancements in the research investigations focused at using natural products to generate novel dosage forms with a potential therapeutic impact. Silymarin is a natural product obtained from the herb Silybum marianum that has been shown to have remarkable hypoglycemic activity. Owing to the low enteral absorption, instability in stomach secretion, and poor solubility of Silymarin, it was better to be produced as a topical dosage form. A three-factor, three-level Box Behnken (33 BB) design was constructed to develop 15 formulations using three independent variables (phospholipid concentration, surfactant concentration, and sonication time) and two dependent variables (encapsulation efficiency and in vitro drug release). The optimized formula was added to HPMC gel and the resulting transfersomal gel was investigated for its characteristics, in vitro, ex vivo and hypoglycemic behaviors. The pH of the Silymarin-loaded transfersomal gel was 7.05, the spreadability was 55.35 mm, and the viscosity was 6.27 Pa. Furthermore, Silymarin loaded transfersomal gel had the greatest transdermal flux (92.41 µg/cm2·h), which was much greater than all other formulations. In vivo observations revealed that Silymarin loaded transfersomal gel significantly reduced blood glucose levels, compared to either Silymarin gel or oral Silymarin suspension. The findings show that the developed transfersomal gel could be an effective carrier for Silymarin transdermal delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Amr S. Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Seham Mohammed Shawky
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt;
| | - Khaled Almansour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.)
| | - Farhan Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (K.A.); (F.A.)
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41552, Egypt
| | - Tarek Saad Makram
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, October 6 University, Al Mehwar Al Markazi 12511, Egypt;
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17
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Wen MM, Abdelwahab IA, Aly RG, El-Zahaby SA. Nanophyto-gel against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound infection. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:463-477. [PMID: 33620004 PMCID: PMC7906617 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1889720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Burn wound is usually associated by antibiotic-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection that worsens and complicates its management. An effective approach is to use natural antibiotics such as cinnamon oil as a powerful alternative. This study aims to investigate topical nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC) gel loaded cinnamon oil for Pseudomonas aeruginosa wound infection. A 24 full factorial design was performed to optimize the formulation with particle size 108.48 ± 6.35 nm, zeta potential -37.36 ± 4.01 mV, and EE% 95.39 ± 0.82%. FTIR analysis revealed no excipient interaction. Poloxamer 407 in a concentration 20% w/w NLC gel was prepared for topical application. Drug release exhibited an initial burst release in the first five hours, followed by a slow, sustained release of up to five days. NLC-cinnamon gel has a significant ability to control the drug release with the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration again P. aeruginosa compared to other formulations (p < .05). In vivo study also showed NLC-cinnamon gel effectively healed the infected burned wound after a six-day treatment course with better antibacterial efficacy in burned animal models. Histological examination ensured the tolerability of NLC-cinnamon gel. The results suggest that nanoparticle-based cinnamon oil gel is a promising natural product against antibiotic-resistant strains of P. aeruginosa in wound infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ming Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A. Abdelwahab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania G. Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sally A. El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
- CONTACT Sally A. El-Zahaby Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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18
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Abdallah MH, Elsewedy HS, AbuLila AS, Almansour K, Unissa R, Elghamry HA, Soliman MS. Quality by Design for Optimizing a Novel Liposomal Jojoba Oil-Based Emulgel to Ameliorate the Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Brucine. Gels 2021; 7:gels7040219. [PMID: 34842709 PMCID: PMC8628777 DOI: 10.3390/gels7040219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the recent advancements in research is the application of natural products in developing newly effective formulations that have few drawbacks and that boost therapeutic effects. The goal of the current exploration is to investigate the effect of jojoba oil in augmenting the anti-inflammatory effect of Brucine natural alkaloid. This is first development of a formulation that applies Brucine and jojoba oil int a PEGylated liposomal emulgel proposed for topical application. Initially, various PEGylated Brucine liposomal formulations were fabricated using a thin-film hydration method. (22) Factorial design was assembled using two factors (egg Phosphatidylcholine and cholesterol concentrations) and three responses (particle size, encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release). The optimized formula was incorporated within jojoba oil emulgel. The PEGylated liposomal emulgel was inspected for its characteristics, in vitro, ex vivo and anti-inflammatory behaviors. Liposomal emulgel showed a pH of 6.63, a spreadability of 48.8 mm and a viscosity of 9310 cP. As much as 40.57% of Brucine was released after 6 h, and drug permeability exhibited a flux of 0.47 µg/cm2·h. Lastly, % of inflammation was lowered to 47.7, which was significant effect compared to other formulations. In conclusion, the anti-inflammatory influence of jojoba oil and Brucine was confirmed, supporting their integration into liposomal emulgel as a potential nanocarrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (K.A.); (R.U.); (M.S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
- Correspondence:
| | - Heba S. Elsewedy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Alhofuf 31982, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Amr S. AbuLila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (K.A.); (R.U.); (M.S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Khaled Almansour
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (K.A.); (R.U.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Rahamat Unissa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (K.A.); (R.U.); (M.S.S.)
| | - Hanaa A. Elghamry
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt;
| | - Mahmoud S. Soliman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (A.S.A.); (K.A.); (R.U.); (M.S.S.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
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19
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Ethosomes-based gel formulation of karanjin for treatment of acne vulgaris: in vitro investigations and preclinical assessment. 3 Biotech 2021; 11:456. [PMID: 34631355 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-021-02978-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to develop and characterize karanjin-loaded ethosomes-based gel formulation for enhanced topical delivery and effective therapy of skin acne. Karanjin-loaded ethosomes (K-ETH) presented a nanometric size of 140.87 ± 2.35 nm, entrapment of 71.41 ± 2.74% and enhanced permeation with 1.9 times increase in the flux and 2.4 times higher skin deposition compared to the hydro-ethanolic solution of karanjin. The DSC analysis confirmed successful entrapment of the karanjin within the ethosomes. The developed ethosomes were incorporated in the carbopol gel for adequate application on the skin surface. The ethosomal gel (K-EGF) also exhibited greater penetration in the rat skin as revealed by CLSM. The optimized K-EGF formulation was non-irritant to the skin as evident by Draize score test and histopathological examination. The highest zone of inhibition, 30.0 ± 1.52 mm and 36.22 ± 0.57 mm was produced by the K-EGF against Propionibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis, respectively, indicating substantial antibacterial properties of the K-EGF. DPPH assay indicated its potent antioxidant effects. Substantial anti-inflammatory effects in the carrageenan-induced edema in the rat paw were evident with inhibition of rat paw edema by 66.66% and 70.37% upon application of K-EGF and standard anti-inflammatory agent, respectively. Anti-acne effects were also evident with K-EGF treatment with significant decrease in number and size of sebaceous gland units in dermis. Overall, the above findings vouch for a therapeutic opportunity to improve topical delivery of karanjin in acne treatment employing ethosomal gels as the promising carrier system. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13205-021-02978-3.
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20
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El-Hashemy HA. Design, formulation and optimization of topical ethosomes using full factorial design: in-vitro and ex-vivo characterization. J Liposome Res 2021; 32:74-82. [PMID: 34697998 DOI: 10.1080/08982104.2021.1955925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to develop lomefloxacin-loaded ethosomal vesicles intended to be applied topically for treating skin infections. Ethosomes were prepared using the cold method. The formulation variables were optimized using 22 factorial design and Design Expert® software for analyzing the data statistically and graphically using response surface plots. Phosphatidylcholine (X1) and ethanol (X2) were chosen as the independent variables, while the dependent variables comprised entrapment efficiency (Y1), vesicles size (Y2) and zeta potential (Y3). The optimized ethosomes were subsequently incorporated into Carbopol® 940 gel and characterized for rheological behaviour, in-vitro release, ex-vivo skin permeation and deposition. The ex-vivo permeation and skin deposition studies showed better results compared to drug solutions. In a nutshell, the ethosomal vesicles were found to be a promising carrier demonstrating enhanced topical delivery of lomefloxacin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadeer A El-Hashemy
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
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21
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Sudhakar K, Fuloria S, Subramaniyan V, Sathasivam KV, Azad AK, Swain SS, Sekar M, Karupiah S, Porwal O, Sahoo A, Meenakshi DU, Sharma VK, Jain S, Charyulu RN, Fuloria NK. Ultraflexible Liposome Nanocargo as a Dermal and Transdermal Drug Delivery System. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11102557. [PMID: 34685005 PMCID: PMC8537378 DOI: 10.3390/nano11102557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A selected active pharmaceutical ingredient must be incorporated into a cargo carrier in a particular manner so that it achieves its goal. An amalgamation of active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) should be conducted in such a manner that it is simple, professional, and more beneficial. Lipids/polymers that are known to be used in nanocarriers for APIs can be transformed into a vesicular formulation, which offers elegant solutions to many problems. Phospholipids with other ingredients, such as ethanol and water, form suitable vesicular carriers for many drugs, overcoming many problems related to poor bioavailability, poor solubility, etc. Ultraflexible liposomes are novel carriers and new frontiers of drug delivery for transdermal systems. Auxiliary advances in vesicular carrier research have been made, enabling polymer-coated ethanolic liposomes to avoid detection by the body’s immune system—specifically, the cells of the reticuloendothelial system. Ultraflexible liposomes act as a cargo system and a nanotherapeutic approach for the transport of therapeutic drugs and bioactive agents. Various applications of liposome derivatives in different diseases are emphasized in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalvatala Sudhakar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (LIT-Pharmacy), Lovely Professional University, Jalandhar 144411, India;
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (N.K.F.)
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Selangor, Malaysia;
| | - Kathiresan V. Sathasivam
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Faculty of Applied Science, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia
| | - Abul Kalam Azad
- Advanced Drug Delivery Laboratory, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia;
| | - Shasank S. Swain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India;
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Universiti Kuala Lumpur Royal College of Medicine Perak, Ipoh 30450, Perak, Malaysia;
| | - Sundram Karupiah
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
| | - Omji Porwal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, KRG, Iraq;
| | - Alaka Sahoo
- Department of Skin & VD, Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar 751003, India;
| | | | - Vipin Kumar Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gurukul Kangri (Deemed to Be University), Haridwar 249404, Uttarakhand, India;
| | - Sanjay Jain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Medicaps University, Indore 453331, MP, India;
| | - R. Narayana Charyulu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, NGSM Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, NITTE Deemed to be University, Mangalore 575018, India;
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Kedah, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: (S.F.); (N.K.F.)
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22
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Antimisiaris S, Marazioti A, Kannavou M, Natsaridis E, Gkartziou F, Kogkos G, Mourtas S. Overcoming barriers by local drug delivery with liposomes. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 174:53-86. [PMID: 33539852 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 01/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Localized or topical administration of drugs may be considered as a potential approach for overcoming the problems caused by the various biological barriers encountered in drug delivery. The combination of using localized administration routes and delivering drugs in nanoparticulate formulations, such as liposomes, may have additional advantages. Such advantages include prolonged retention of high drug loads at the site of action and controlled release of the drug, ensuring prolonged therapeutic effect; decreased potential for side-effects and toxicity (due to the high topical concentrations of drugs); and increased protection of drugs from possible harsh environments at the site of action. The use of targeted liposomal formulations may further potentiate any acquired therapeutic advantages. In this review we present the most advanced cases of localized delivery of liposomal formulations of drugs, which have been investigated pre-clinically and clinically in the last ten years, together with the reported therapeutic advantages, in each case.
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Central composite design for the development of carvedilol-loaded transdermal ethosomal hydrogel for extended and enhanced anti-hypertensive effect. J Nanobiotechnology 2021; 19:100. [PMID: 33836744 PMCID: PMC8035747 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-021-00833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Carvedilol, the anti-hypertensive drug, has poor bioavailability when administered orally. Ethosomes-mediated transdermal delivery is considered a potential route of administration to increase the bioavailability of carvedilol. The central composite design could be used as a tool to optimize ethosomal formulation. Thus, this study aims to optimize carvedilol-loaded ethosomes using central composite design, followed by incorporation of synthesized ethosomes into hydrogels for transdermal delivery of carvedilol. Results The optimized carvedilol-loaded ethosomes were spherical in shape. The optimized ethosomes had mean particle size of 130 ± 1.72 nm, entrapment efficiency of 99.12 ± 2.96%, cumulative drug release of 97.89 ± 3.7%, zeta potential of − 31 ± 1.8 mV, and polydispersity index of 0.230 ± 0.03. The in-vitro drug release showed sustained release of carvedilol from ethosomes and ethosomal hydrogel. Compared to free carvedilol-loaded hydrogel, the ethosomal gel showed increased penetration of carvedilol through the skin. Moreover, ethosomal hydrogels showed a gradual reduction in blood pressure for 24 h in rats. Conclusions Taken together, central composite design can be used for successful optimization of carvedilol-loaded ethosomes formulation, which can serve as the promising transdermal delivery system for carvedilol. Moreover the carvedilol-loaded ethosomal gel can extend the anti-hypertensive effect of carvedilol for a longer time, as compared to free carvedilol, suggesting its therapeutic potential in future clinics.![]() Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12951-021-00833-4.
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Tansathien K, Chareanputtakhun P, Ngawhirunpat T, Opanasopit P, Rangsimawong W. Hair growth promoting effect of bioactive extract from deer antler velvet-loaded niosomes and microspicules serum. Int J Pharm 2021; 597:120352. [PMID: 33545292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Deer antler velvet (DAV) extract is important in stimulating the growth of skin and hair cells. The aim of this study was to develop DAV extract-loaded niosomes (NIs) and microspicules (MS) serum for effective hair growth. Bioactivities of DAV extract on human dermal papilla cells were studied. To develop protein delivery, NIs were prepared to entrap DAV extract and then loaded into MS serum (NI serum MS). Physicochemical properties and in vitro skin permeations were evaluated. The formulations were applied on human scalp and relative efficacies were evaluated. DAV extract at 2,000 µg/ml significantly enhanced cell proliferation and aggregation. DAV extract-loaded NI exhibited nanovesicle, narrow size distribution and negative surface charge. The vesicles were able to load into MS serum and showed significantly highest macromolecular protein permeation through the skin, with deposition into the deepest skin layer compared with other formulations. Applying the serum on human scalp for 14 and 30 days significantly enhanced hair elongation and melanin content, with increased skin hydration and decreased the erythema index, thereby promoting hair growth without skin irritation. NI serum MS containing DAV extract played an important role to deliver biomacromolecular protein through the skin and hair follicles, leading to effective hair growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kritsanaporn Tansathien
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | | | - Tanasait Ngawhirunpat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Praneet Opanasopit
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Silpakorn University, Nakhon Pathom 73000, Thailand
| | - Worranan Rangsimawong
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand.
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Wen MM, Abdelwahab IA, Aly RG, El-Zahaby SA. Nanophyto-gel against multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa burn wound infection. Drug Deliv 2021. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/10717544.2021.1889720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Ming Wen
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim A. Abdelwahab
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Rania G. Aly
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Sally A. El-Zahaby
- Department of Pharmaceutics & Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharos University in Alexandria, Alexandria, Egypt
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Hot melt-extrusion improves the properties of cyclodextrin-based poly(pseudo)rotaxanes for transdermal formulation. Int J Pharm 2020; 586:119510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2020.119510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Potential treatment of arthritis with an optimized Mometasone Furoate loaded-ethosomal gel in carrageenan-induced rat joint arthritis. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.101771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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