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Kesharwani P, Alexander A, Shukla R, Jain S, Bisht A, Kumari K, Verma K, Sharma S. Tissue regeneration properties of hydrogels derived from biological macromolecules: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132280. [PMID: 38744364 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The successful tissue engineering depends on the development of biologically active scaffolds that possess optimal characteristics to effectively support cellular functions, maintain structural integrity and aid in tissue regeneration. Hydrogels have emerged as promising candidates in tissue regeneration due to their resemblance to the natural extracellular matrix and their ability to support cell survival and proliferation. The integration of hydrogel scaffold into the polymer has a variable impact on the pseudo extracellular environment, fostering cell growth/repair. The modification in size, shape, surface morphology and porosity of hydrogel scaffolds has consequently paved the way for addressing diverse challenges in the tissue engineering process such as tissue architecture, vascularization and simultaneous seeding of multiple cells. The present review provides a comprehensive update on hydrogel production using natural and synthetic biomaterials and their underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, it delves into the application of hydrogel scaffolds in tissue engineering for cardiac tissues, cartilage tissue, adipose tissue, nerve tissue and bone tissue. Besides, the present article also highlights various clinical studies, patents, and the limitations associated with hydrogel-based scaffolds in recent times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payal Kesharwani
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India; Institute of Pharmacy, Ram-Eesh Institute of Vocational and Technical Education Greater Noida, India
| | - Amit Alexander
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Rahul Shukla
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Raebareli, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smita Jain
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Akansha Bisht
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kajal Kumari
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kanika Verma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Swapnil Sharma
- Department of Pharmacy, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India.
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Liu X, Wang J, Ren L, Ling Q. Bladder Replacement Therapy. Bladder (San Franc) 2023; 10:e21200010. [PMID: 38022707 PMCID: PMC10668601 DOI: 10.14440/bladder.2023.869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The bladder, as a vital organ of the urinary system, facilitates urine storage and micturition. The bladder can store urine under low pressure, sense volume changes, and coordinate with the urethral sphincter to ensure autonomous and efficient urination and bladder emptying. However, irreversible bladder damage may result from various conditions, such as nerve injuries, aging, or metabolic syndrome, compromising its normal physiological functions and necessitating various interventions for anatomical and functional bladder replacements. This review aimed to summarize advances on anatomical and functional bladder replacements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qing Ling
- Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
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Fu Z, Xiao S, Wang P, Zhao J, Ling Z, An Z, Shao J, Fu W. Injectable, stretchable, toughened, bioadhesive composite hydrogel for bladder injury repair †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10903-10913. [PMID: 37033438 PMCID: PMC10076968 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00402c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The bladder is exposed to constant internal and external mechanical forces due to its deformation and the dynamic environment in which it is placed, which can hamper its repair after an injury. Traditional hydrogel materials have limitations regarding their use in the bladder owing to their poor mechanical and tissue adhesion properties. In this study, a composite hydrogel composed of methacrylate gelatine, methacrylated silk fibroin, and Pluronic F127 diacrylate was developed, which combines the characteristics of natural and synthetic polymers. The mechanical properties of the novel hydrogel, such as stretchability, viscoelasticity, and toughness, were improved by virtue of a particular molecular design strategy whereby covalent and non-covalent bond interactions create a cross-linking effect. In addition, the composite hydrogel has important usability properties; it can be injected in liquid format and rapidly transformed into a gel via photo-initiated crosslinking. This was demonstrated on an isolated porcine bladder where the hydrogel closed arbitrarily-shaped tissue defects within 90 s of its application, verifying its effective bioadhesive and sealing properties. This composite hydrogel has great potential for application in bladder injury repair as a tissue-engineering scaffold. An injectable, stretchable, toughened, bioadhesive composite hydrogel offers a new application strategy for sutureless repair and tissue regeneration of injured bladders.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhouyang Fu
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
| | - Shuwei Xiao
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Department of Urology, Air Force Medical CenterBeijing100142China
| | - Pengchao Wang
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
- Department of Urology, Hainan Hospital of PLA General HospitalHainan572013China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
| | - Zhengyun Ling
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
| | - Ziyan An
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
| | - Jinpeng Shao
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
- Medical School of Chinese PLABeijing100853China
| | - Weijun Fu
- Department of Urology, The Third Medical Centre, Chinese PLA General HospitalBeijing100853China
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Alasmary FA, Kenawy E, El‐Deeb NM, Kamoun EA, Khattab SA, Karami AM, Cinelli P, Azaam MM. Synthesis, antimicrobial and anticancer activities of Tetronic 1107 Schiff bases. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fatmah Ali Alasmary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science King Saud University Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - El‐Refaie Kenawy
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
| | - Nehal M. El‐Deeb
- Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute (GEBRI) City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA‐City) Alexandria New Borg El‐Arab City Egypt
- Pharmaceutical and Fermentation Industries Development Center City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA‐City) Alexandria New Borg El‐Arab City Egypt
| | - Elbadawy A. Kamoun
- Polymeric Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI) City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA‐City) Alexandria New Borg El‐Arab City Egypt
- Nanotechnology Research Center (NTRC) The British University in Egypt (BUE) El‐Sherouk City Cairo Egypt
| | - Samar A. Khattab
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
- Department of Chemistry University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland
| | | | - Patrizia Cinelli
- Department of Civil and Industrial Engineering University of Pisa Pisa Italy
| | - Mohamed M. Azaam
- Polymer Research Group, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Tanta University Tanta Egypt
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Sharma S, Basu B. Biomaterials assisted reconstructive urology: The pursuit of an implantable bioengineered neo-urinary bladder. Biomaterials 2021; 281:121331. [PMID: 35016066 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Urinary bladder is a dynamic organ performing complex physiological activities. Together with ureters and urethra, it forms the lower urinary tract that facilitates urine collection, low-pressure storage, and volitional voiding. However, pathological disorders are often liable to cause irreversible damage and compromise the normal functionality of the bladder, necessitating surgical intervention for a reconstructive procedure. Non-urinary autologous grafts, primarily derived from gastrointestinal tract, have long been the gold standard in clinics to augment or to replace the diseased bladder tissue. Unfortunately, such treatment strategy is commonly associated with several clinical complications. In absence of an optimal autologous therapy, a biomaterial based bioengineered platform is an attractive prospect revolutionizing the modern urology. Predictably, extensive investigative research has been carried out in pursuit of better urological biomaterials, that overcome the limitations of conventional gastrointestinal graft. Against the above backdrop, this review aims to provide a comprehensive and one-stop update on different biomaterial-based strategies that have been proposed and explored over the past 60 years to restore the dynamic function of the otherwise dysfunctional bladder tissue. Broadly, two unique perspectives of bladder tissue engineering and total alloplastic bladder replacement are critically discussed in terms of their status and progress. While the former is pivoted on scaffold mediated regenerative medicine; in contrast, the latter is directed towards the development of a biostable bladder prosthesis. Together, these routes share a common aspiration of designing and creating a functional equivalent of the bladder wall, albeit, using fundamentally different aspects of biocompatibility and clinical needs. Therefore, an attempt has been made to systematically analyze and summarize the evolution of various classes as well as generations of polymeric biomaterials in urology. Considerable emphasis has been laid on explaining the bioengineering methodologies, pre-clinical and clinical outcomes. Some of the unaddressed challenges, including vascularization, innervation, hollow 3D prototype fabrication and urinary encrustation, have been highlighted that currently delay the successful commercial translation. More importantly, the rapidly evolving and expanding concepts of bioelectronic medicine are discussed to inspire future research efforts towards the further advancement of the field. At the closure, crucial insights are provided to forge the biomaterial assisted reconstruction as a long-term therapeutic strategy in urological practice for patients' care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swati Sharma
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India; Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India.
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Hanczar M, Moazen M, Day R. The Significance of Biomechanics and Scaffold Structure for Bladder Tissue Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312657. [PMID: 34884464 PMCID: PMC8657955 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Current approaches for bladder reconstruction surgery are associated with many morbidities. Tissue engineering is considered an ideal approach to create constructs capable of restoring the function of the bladder wall. However, many constructs to date have failed to create a sufficient improvement in bladder capacity due to insufficient neobladder compliance. This review evaluates the biomechanical properties of the bladder wall and how the current reconstructive materials aim to meet this need. To date, limited data from mechanical testing and tissue anisotropy make it challenging to reach a consensus on the native properties of the bladder wall. Many of the materials whose mechanical properties have been quantified do not fall within the range of mechanical properties measured for native bladder wall tissue. Many promising new materials have yet to be mechanically quantified, which makes it difficult to ascertain their likely effectiveness. The impact of scaffold structures and the long-term effect of implanting these materials on their inherent mechanical properties are areas yet to be widely investigated that could provide important insight into the likely longevity of the neobladder construct. In conclusion, there are many opportunities for further investigation into novel materials for bladder reconstruction. Currently, the field would benefit from a consensus on the target values of key mechanical parameters for bladder wall scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Hanczar
- Applied Biomedical Engineering Group, Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK;
| | - Mehran Moazen
- UCL Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, London WC1E 7JE, UK;
| | - Richard Day
- Applied Biomedical Engineering Group, Centre for Precision Healthcare, UCL Division of Medicine, University College London, London WC1E 6JF, UK;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-203-108-2183
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Wang X, Zhang F, Liao L. Current Applications and Future Directions of Bioengineering Approaches for Bladder Augmentation and Reconstruction. Front Surg 2021; 8:664404. [PMID: 34222316 PMCID: PMC8249581 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.664404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
End-stage neurogenic bladder usually results in the insufficiency of upper urinary tract, requiring bladder augmentation with intestinal tissue. To avoid complications of augmentation cystoplasty, tissue-engineering technique could offer a new approach to bladder reconstruction. This work reviews the current state of bioengineering progress and barriers in bladder augmentation or reconstruction and proposes an innovative method to address the obstacles of bladder augmentation. The ideal tissue-engineered bladder has the characteristics of high biocompatibility, compliance, and specialized urothelium to protect the upper urinary tract and prevent extravasation of urine. Despite that many reports have demonstrated that bioengineered bladder possessed a similar structure to native bladder, few large animal experiments, and clinical applications have been performed successfully. The lack of satisfactory outcomes over the past decades may have become an important factor hindering the development in this field. More studies should be warranted to promote the use of tissue-engineered bladders in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuesheng Wang
- Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,University of Rehabilitation, Qingdao, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,University of Rehabilitation, Qingdao, China
| | - Limin Liao
- Department of Urology, China Rehabilitation Research Center, Rehabilitation School of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Urology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,University of Rehabilitation, Qingdao, China
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Sivaraman S, Amoroso N, Gu X, Purves JT, Hughes FM, Wagner WR, Nagatomi J. Evaluation of Poly (Carbonate-Urethane) Urea (PCUU) Scaffolds for Urinary Bladder Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 2018; 47:891-901. [PMID: 30542784 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-018-02182-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although the previous success of bladder tissue engineering demonstrated the feasibility of this technology, most polyester based scaffolds used in previous studies possess inadequate mechanical properties for organs that exhibit large deformation. The present study explored the use of various biodegradable elastomers as scaffolds for bladder tissue engineering and poly (carbonate-urethane) urea (PCUU) scaffolds mimicked urinary bladder mechanics more closely than polyglycerol sebacate-polycaprolactone (PGS-PCL) and poly (ether-urethane) urea (PEUU). The PCUU scaffolds also showed cyto-compatibility as well as increased porosity with increasing stretch indicating its ability to aid in infiltration of smooth muscle cells. Moreover, a bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) rat model was used to test the safety and efficacy of the PCUU scaffolds in treating a voiding dysfunction. Bladder augmentation with PCUU scaffolds led to enhanced survival of the rats and an increase in the bladder capacity and voiding volume over a 3 week period, indicating that the high-pressure bladder symptom common to BOO was alleviated. The histological analysis of the explanted scaffold demonstrated smooth muscle cell and connective tissue infiltration. The knowledge gained in the present study should contribute towards future improvement of bladder tissue engineering technology to ultimately aide in the treatment of bladder disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Sivaraman
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA. .,ENRC 4614, University of Arkansas, 700 Research Center Blvd, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA.
| | - Nicholas Amoroso
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Xinzhu Gu
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - J Todd Purves
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Francis M Hughes
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA.,Division of Urology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - William R Wagner
- McGowan Institute for Regenerative Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jiro Nagatomi
- Department of Bioengineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA
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Ajalloueian F, Lemon G, Hilborn J, Chronakis IS, Fossum M. Bladder biomechanics and the use of scaffolds for regenerative medicine in the urinary bladder. Nat Rev Urol 2018; 15:155-174. [DOI: 10.1038/nrurol.2018.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Xiao D, Yan H, Wang Q, Lv X, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Zhou Z, Xu J, Sun Q, Sun K, Li W, Lu M. Trilayer Three-Dimensional Hydrogel Composite Scaffold Containing Encapsulated Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Promotes Bladder Reconstruction via SDF-1α/CXCR4 Pathway. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:38230-38241. [PMID: 29022693 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Bladder acellular matrix graft-alginate dialdehyde-gelatin hydrogel-silk mesh (BAMG-HS) encapsulated with adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) was evaluated in a rat model of augmentation cystoplasty, including BAMG-HS-ASCs (n = 18, subgroup n = 6 for 2, 4, and 12 weeks), acellular BAMG-HS (n = 6 for 12 weeks) and cystotomy control (n = 6 for 12 weeks) groups. Equipped with good cytocompatibility and superior mechanical properties (elastic modulus: 5.33 ± 0.96 MPa, maximum load: 28.90 ± 0.69 N), BAMG-HS acted a trilayer "sandwich" scaffold with minimal interference in systemic homeostasis. ASCs in BAMG-HS promoted morphological and histological bladder restoration by accelerating scaffold degradation (p < 0.05), ameliorating fibrosis (p < 0.05) and inflammation (p < 0.01). Additionally, ASCs facilitated the recovery of bladder function by enhancing smooth muscle regeneration (p < 0.05), innervation (p < 0.01) and angiogenesis (p < 0.001). Except for a small number of endothelium-differentiated ASCs, the pro-angiogenic effects of ASCs were mainly related to ERK1/2 phosphorylation in the downstream of SDF-1α/CXCR4 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongdong Xiao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Hao Yan
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Qiong Wang
- Department of Urology, The Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510120, China
| | - Xiangguo Lv
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Zhe Zhou
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
| | - Jiping Xu
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Qian Sun
- The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Kang Sun
- The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wei Li
- The State Key Lab of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Mujun Lu
- Department of Urology and Andrology, Ren Ji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai 200001, China
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