1
|
Choudhry HS, Zhu A, Shaikh S, Zaki H, Masket S, Law SK. Epidemiology of Consumer-Product-Related Ocular Injuries in the Geriatric Population in the United States. Ophthalmol Ther 2024; 13:367-384. [PMID: 37995015 PMCID: PMC10776527 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00852-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to assess trends in consumer-product-related geriatric ocular injuries using National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS) data. Understanding the specific consumer products and settings coded in the NEISS dictionary that contribute to geriatric (≥ 65 years) ocular injuries, along with changing patterns during events like the COVID-19 pandemic, provides crucial insights for tailoring therapy and preventative strategies. This ultimately may reduce the burden of eye injuries on both older adults and healthcare systems. METHODS This was a retrospective population-based cohort study. The NEISS database was used to study eye injuries in geriatric adults from 2010 to 2021. Patients were categorized by age groups (65-74, 75-84, 85-94, ≥ 95 years), and data on demographics, injury types, product categories, and COVID-19 impact were collected. Pearson's chi-squared test (with p < 0.001 taken to indicate significance) was used to assess differences in expected ratios between age groups. RESULTS A total of 168,685 eye injury cases in adults aged 65 years and older were analyzed. Household items, tools, and gardening products accounted for over 75% of injuries. Most injuries occurred at home (65.3%). Contusions/abrasions (40.3%) and a foreign body (19.3%) were common diagnoses. Females had more household-item-related injuries, while males had more foreign body injuries. Regarding therapeutic disposition, 93.7% of all injuries were treated/examined and released, which showed a decreasing trend as age increased, while hospital admission/transfer rates increased with age. Compared to before COVID-19, the percentage of injuries during COVID-19 due to tools decreased (from 22.5% to 18.3%), while injuries due to gardening/lawn/landscaping/patio products increased (from 13.8% to 15.3%). CONCLUSIONS Our study characterizes geriatric ocular injuries and COVID-19 impact, highlighting common products and locations. Different age groups showed different injury patterns. Understanding these trends can aid injury prevention strategies for consumers and healthcare providers. Demographics and injury frequencies differed based on age and sex. Future research should further explore post-COVID-19 trends.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hassaam S Choudhry
- Medical Science Building, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA.
| | - Aretha Zhu
- Medical Science Building, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Sadiq Shaikh
- Medical Science Building, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | - Haider Zaki
- Medical Science Building, New Jersey Medical School, 185 South Orange Avenue, Newark, NJ, 07103, USA
| | | | - Simon K Law
- UCLA Stein Eye Institute, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ring-shaped cataract and urinary metabolites among 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene exposed population of Pakistan. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:2619-2624. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02252-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Kamboj A, Spiller HA, Funk AR, Badeti J, Smith GA. Cosmetics and Personal Care Products-Related Ocular Exposures Reported to United States Poison Control Centers. Ophthalmic Epidemiol 2021; 29:573-581. [PMID: 34551657 DOI: 10.1080/09286586.2021.1980590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study cosmetics and personal care products-related ocular exposures in the United States. METHODS A retrospective analysis of cosmetics and personal care products-related ocular exposures from 2000 through 2018 was conducted using data from the National Poison Data System. RESULTS From January 2000 through December 2018, United States Poison Control Centers received 266,743 calls concerning eye exposures to cosmetics and personal care products, corresponding to a mean of 14,039 calls per year. Young children (<6 years old) represented 51.6% of exposures, while older children and teenagers (6-19 years old) and adults (≥ 20 years old) represented 19.5% and 28.9% of exposures, respectively. Over the study period, the annual frequency of exposures decreased by 46.0%. The product subcategories associated with the highest proportion of exposures were perfumes, colognes, and aftershaves (19.0%), suntan and/or sunscreen products (11.2%), nail polishes (9.5%), soaps (6.3%), and creams, lotions, and make-up (5.8%). The product subcategories associated with the greatest proportion of moderate or major medical outcomes were acrylic nail adhesives (14.4%), miscellaneous nail products (12.9%), other hair care products excluding peroxides (10.9%), hair coloring agents excluding peroxides (8.9%), and peroxides (7.5%). CONCLUSIONS Although the annual frequency of exposures to cosmetics and personal care products declined during the study period, public health efforts are needed to prevent further ocular exposures to these products. Containers of potentially ocular-toxic products should be redesigned to reduce confusion with eye dropper bottles and to reduce attractiveness to young children, with immediate priority placed on acrylic nail adhesives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alisha Kamboj
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Henry A Spiller
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,Central Ohio Poison Center at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Alexandra R Funk
- Central Ohio Poison Center at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jaahnavi Badeti
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Gary A Smith
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, the Abigail Wexner Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA.,Child Injury Prevention Alliance, Columbus, OH, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wasser LM, Koppel JH, Zadok D, Berkowitz L, Abulafia A, Heiman E, Aryan A, Roditi E, Weill Y. Pediatric Ocular Injury Due to Hand Sanitizer Exposure: An Emerging Hazard. Pediatr Emerg Care 2021; 37:462-465. [PMID: 34116551 DOI: 10.1097/pec.0000000000002468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to describe the incidence and severity of ocular exposure to alcohol-based hand rub (ABHR) in children presenting to a tertiary medical center during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic. METHODS A retrospective single-center observational study conducted from February 21, 2020, to October 11, 2020. Subjects 10 years or younger who presented with ABHR-induced ocular injury were included. The same period from 2019 was studied and a comparison was performed between the 2 years. Outcome measures included the number of subjects with ocular injury due to ABHR, extent of ocular epithelial defects, length of hospitalization and time to resolution. RESULTS A total of 9 patients presented to the Pediatric Emergency Department after sustaining ocular chemical injuries from ABHR during this period. Treatment included immediate irrigation followed by topical antibiotics, steroids, and lubrication. Six children were discharged and followed as outpatients with no reported adverse ocular sequelae. Three patients exhibited epithelial defects involving 85% to 100% of the cornea, 30% to 75% of the conjunctiva and required inpatient treatment ranging from 4 to 11 days. All patients experienced a complete resolution of the ocular epithelial defects after 12 to 19 days. No long-term irreversible damage was observed and visual acuity returned to normal in all patients. CONCLUSIONS The utilization of ABHR during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 pandemic resulted in childhood ocular injury. Prompt treatment led to good visual outcomes. These products should be regarded as potentially toxic and stored out of the reach of young children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Wasser
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Jordanna H Koppel
- Edmond and Lily Safra Children's Hospital, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer
| | - David Zadok
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Liron Berkowitz
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Adi Abulafia
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Eyal Heiman
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ahmad Aryan
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Eduardo Roditi
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| | - Yishay Weill
- From the Department of Ophthalmology, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Boedeker W, Watts M, Clausing P, Marquez E. The global distribution of acute unintentional pesticide poisoning: estimations based on a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2020; 20:1875. [PMID: 33287770 PMCID: PMC7720593 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09939-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human poisoning by pesticides has long been seen as a severe public health problem. As early as 1990, a task force of the World Health Organization (WHO) estimated that about one million unintentional pesticide poisonings occur annually, leading to approximately 20,000 deaths. Thirty years on there is no up-to-date picture of global pesticide poisoning despite an increase in global pesticide use. Our aim was to systematically review the prevalence of unintentional, acute pesticide poisoning (UAPP), and to estimate the annual global number of UAPP. METHODS We carried out a systematic review of the scientific literature published between 2006 and 2018, supplemented by mortality data from WHO. We extracted data from 157 publications and the WHO cause-of-death database, then performed country-wise synopses, and arrived at annual numbers of national UAPP. World-wide UAPP was estimated based on national figures and population data for regions defined by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). RESULTS In total 141 countries were covered, including 58 by the 157 articles and an additional 83 by data from the WHO Mortality Database. Approximately 740,000 annual cases of UAPP were reported by the extracted publications resulting from 7446 fatalities and 733,921 non-fatal cases. On this basis, we estimate that about 385 million cases of UAPP occur annually world-wide including around 11,000 fatalities. Based on a worldwide farming population of approximately 860 million this means that about 44% of farmers are poisoned by pesticides every year. The greatest estimated number of UAPP cases is in southern Asia, followed by south-eastern Asia and east Africa with regards to non-fatal UAPP. CONCLUSIONS Our study updates outdated figures on world-wide UAPP. Along with other estimates, robust evidence is presented that acute pesticide poisoning is an ongoing major global public health challenge. There is a need to recognize the high burden of non-fatal UAPP, particularly on farmers and farmworkers, and that the current focus solely on fatalities hampers international efforts in risk assessment and prevention of poisoning. Implementation of the international recommendations to phase out highly hazardous pesticides by the FAO Council could significantly reduce the burden of UAPP.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Meriel Watts
- PAN Asia Pacific, P.O. Box 1170, 10850, Penang, Malaysia
| | | | - Emily Marquez
- PAN North America, 2029 University Ave., Suite 200, Berkeley, CA, 94704, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Hermanns-Clausen M, Desel H, Färber E, Seidel C, Holzer A, Eyer F, Engel A, Prasa D, Tutdibi E, Stürer A. MAGAM II – prospective observational multicentre poisons centres study on eye exposures caused by cleaning products. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2019; 57:765-772. [DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2018.1560462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maren Hermanns-Clausen
- Poisons Information Centre, Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center – University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Desel
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany
| | - Elke Färber
- GIZ-Nord Poisons Center, University Medical Center, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Carola Seidel
- Poison Center Bonn, Children's University Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Florian Eyer
- Department of Clinical Toxicology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Antje Engel
- Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health Poison Information Centre, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Erol Tutdibi
- Poison Center of the Saarland, University Children’s Hospital, Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Stürer
- Poisons Centre – Clinical Toxicology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhu S, Gong L, Li Y, Xu H, Gu Z, Zhao Y. Safety Assessment of Nanomaterials to Eyes: An Important but Neglected Issue. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1802289. [PMID: 31453052 PMCID: PMC6702629 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201802289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The production and application of nanomaterials have grown tremendously during last few decades. The widespread exposure of nanoparticles to the public is provoking great concerns regarding their toxicity to the human body. However, in comparison with the extensive studies carried out to examine nanoparticle toxicity to the human body/organs, one especially vulnerable organ, the eye, is always neglected. Although it is a small part of the body, 90% of outside information is obtained via the ocular system. In addition, eyes usually directly interact with the surrounding environment, which may get severer damage from toxic nanoparticles compared to inner organs. Therefore, the study of assessing the potential nanoparticle toxicity to the eyes is of great importance. Here, the recent advance of some representative manufactured nanomaterials on ocular toxicity is summarized. First, a brief introduction of ocular anatomy and disorders related to particulate matter exposure is presented. Following, the factors that may influence toxicity of nanoparticles to the eye are emphasized. Next, the studies of representative manufactured nanoparticles on eye toxicity are summarized and classified. Finally, the limitations that are associated with current nanoparticle-eye toxicity research are proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Linji Gong
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yijian Li
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Southwest Eye HospitalSouthwest HospitalThird Military Medical University (Army Medical University)Chongqing400038China
| | - Zhanjun Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yuliang Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and NanosafetyInstitute of High Energy PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
- College of Materials Science and Optoelectronic TechnologyUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| |
Collapse
|