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Talebi AS, Bodaghi R, Bagherzadeh S. Lifetime attributable risks (LARs) of cancer in the fetus associated with maternal radiography examinations. Int J Radiat Biol 2024; 100:420-426. [PMID: 38193807 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2295294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE For various reasons, pregnant women are occasionally exposed to ionizing radiation during radiology examinations. In these situations, it is essential to determine the radiation dose to the fetus and any associated risks. The present study attempts to calculate the mean dose for the fetus to estimate the possible cancer induction and cancer mortality risks resulting from maternal radiography exams. MATERIAL AND METHODS The GATE Monte Carlo platform and a standard voxelized pregnant phantom were employed to calculate fetal radiation dose during maternal radiography exams. The data published in Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation VII were used to convert fetal dose to lifetime attributable risks (LARs) of cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality. RESULTS The fetal doses and LARs of cancer incidence and cancer-related mortality for the radiographs of the chest and skull were negligible. The maximum LAR values for the lateral view of the abdomen in computed and digital radiography are 5598.29 and 2238.95 per 100,000 individuals, respectively. The computed radiography of the lateral view of the abdomen revealed the highest LAR of cancer-related mortality (2074.30 deaths for every 100,000 people). CONCLUSION The radiation dose incurred by the fetus due to chest and skull radiographs was minimal and unlikely to cause any abnormalities in the fetus. The discernible elevation in the lifetime attributable risk associated with cancer incidence and mortality arising from lateral computed radiography examinations of the abdomen warrants careful consideration within the realm of maternal radiography examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asra Sadat Talebi
- Department of Medical Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roghiyeh Bodaghi
- Department of Medical Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Bagherzadeh
- Department of Medical Physics, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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2
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Dahl H, Ballangby J, Tengs T, Wojewodzic MW, Eide DM, Brede DA, Graupner A, Duale N, Olsen AK. Dose rate dependent reduction in chromatin accessibility at transcriptional start sites long time after exposure to gamma radiation. Epigenetics 2023; 18:2193936. [PMID: 36972203 PMCID: PMC10054331 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2023.2193936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Ionizing radiation (IR) impact cellular and molecular processes that require chromatin remodelling relevant for cellular integrity. However, the cellular implications of ionizing radiation (IR) delivered per time unit (dose rate) are still debated. This study investigates whether the dose rate is relevant for inflicting changes to the epigenome, represented by chromatin accessibility, or whether it is the total dose that is decisive. CBA/CaOlaHsd mice were whole-body exposed to either chronic low dose rate (2.5 mGy/h for 54 d) or the higher dose rates (10 mGy/h for 14 d and 100 mGy/h for 30 h) of gamma radiation (60Co, total dose: 3 Gy). Chromatin accessibility was analysed in liver tissue samples using Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin with high-throughput sequencing (ATAC-Seq), both one day after and over three months post-radiation (>100 d). The results show that the dose rate contributes to radiation-induced epigenomic changes in the liver at both sampling timepoints. Interestingly, chronic low dose rate exposure to a high total dose (3 Gy) did not inflict long-term changes to the epigenome. In contrast to the acute high dose rate given to the same total dose, reduced accessibility at transcriptional start sites (TSS) was identified in genes relevant for the DNA damage response and transcriptional activity. Our findings link dose rate to essential biological mechanisms that could be relevant for understanding long-term changes after ionizing radiation exposure. However, future studies are needed to comprehend the biological consequence of these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hildegunn Dahl
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Jarle Ballangby
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Torstein Tengs
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Division for Aquaculture, Department of breeding and genetics, Nofima, Ås, Norway
| | - Marcin W. Wojewodzic
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Department of Research, Section Molecular Epidemiology and Infections, Cancer Registry of Norway, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag M. Eide
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Dag Anders Brede
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Natural Resource Management (MINA), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Anne Graupner
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Nur Duale
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
| | - Ann-Karin Olsen
- Division of Climate and Environmental Health, Department of Chemical Toxicology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
- Centre for Environmental Radiation (CERAD), Norwegian University of Life Sciences (NMBU), Ås, Norway
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3
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Bradley DA, Essa RZ, Peh SC, Teow SY, Chew MT, Zubair HT, Oresegun A, Basaif A, Choo KY, Ibrahim SA, Abdul-Rashid HA. Low dose and low dose rate radioluminescence dosimetry. Appl Radiat Isot 2023; 198:110875. [PMID: 37257265 DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2023.110875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Review is provided of a number of low-dose, low dose rate situations that in study require advances in the development of dosimetric facilities. Using a clinical linac set up to provide doses down to the few mGy level, the performance of a real-time radioluminescence system has then been illustrated, accommodating pulsed as well as continuous dose delivery. The system gate times provide for tracking of the pattern of dose delivery, allowing detailed account of dose and dose-rate variations. The system has been tested in both x-ray and electron mode dose delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- D A Bradley
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia; School of Mathematics and Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.
| | - R Z Essa
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
| | - Suat-Cheng Peh
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
| | - Sin-Yeang Teow
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Medical and Life Sciences, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
| | - Ming-Tsuey Chew
- Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, Sunway University, PJ, Malaysia
| | - H T Zubair
- Fiber Optics Research Centre, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Jalan Multimedia, Malaysia; Lumisyns Sdn Bhd, Cyberjaya, 63100, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Adebiyi Oresegun
- Fiber Optics Research Centre, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Jalan Multimedia, Malaysia
| | - Azmi Basaif
- Fiber Optics Research Centre, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Jalan Multimedia, Malaysia
| | - Kan Yeep Choo
- Fiber Optics Research Centre, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Jalan Multimedia, Malaysia
| | - Siti A Ibrahim
- Fiber Optics Research Centre, Multimedia University, Cyberjaya, 63100, Jalan Multimedia, Malaysia
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Otsuka K, Iwasaki T. Insights into radiation carcinogenesis based on dose-rate effects in tissue stem cells. Int J Radiat Biol 2023; 99:1503-1521. [PMID: 36971595 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2023.2194398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Increasing epidemiological and biological evidence suggests that radiation exposure enhances cancer risk in a dose-dependent manner. This can be attributed to the 'dose-rate effect,' where the biological effect of low dose-rate radiation is lower than that of the same dose at a high dose-rate. This effect has been reported in epidemiological studies and experimental biology, although the underlying biological mechanisms are not completely understood. In this review, we aim to propose a suitable model for radiation carcinogenesis based on the dose-rate effect in tissue stem cells. METHODS We surveyed and summarized the latest studies on the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. Next, we summarized the radiosensitivity of intestinal stem cells and the role of dose-rate in the modulation of stem-cell dynamics after irradiation. RESULTS Consistently, driver mutations can be detected in most cancers from past to present, supporting the hypothesis that cancer progression is initiated by the accumulation of driver mutations. Recent reports demonstrated that driver mutations can be observed even in normal tissues, which suggests that the accumulation of mutations is a necessary condition for cancer progression. In addition, driver mutations in tissue stem cells can cause tumors, whereas they are not sufficient when they occur in non-stem cells. For non-stem cells, tissue remodeling induced by marked inflammation after the loss of tissue cells is important in addition to the accumulation of mutations. Therefore, the mechanism of carcinogenesis differs according to the cell type and magnitude of stress. In addition, our results indicated that non-irradiated stem cells tend to be eliminated from three-dimensional cultures of intestinal stem cells (organoids) composed of irradiated and non-irradiated stem cells, supporting the stem-cell competition. CONCLUSIONS We propose a unique scheme in which the dose-rate dependent response of intestinal stem cells incorporates the concept of the threshold of stem-cell competition and context-dependent target shift from stem cells to whole tissue. The concept highlights four key issues that should be considered in radiation carcinogenesis: i.e. accumulation of mutations; tissue reconstitution; stem-cell competition; and environmental factors like epigenetic modifications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Otsuka
- Biology and Environmental Chemistry Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiyasu Iwasaki
- Strategy and Planning Division, Sustainable System Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry, Tokyo, Japan
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Caravaca J, Peter R, Yang J, Gunther C, Antonio Camara Serrano J, Nostrand C, Steri V, Seo Y. Comparison and calibration of dose delivered by 137Cs and x-ray irradiators in mice. Phys Med Biol 2022; 67:10.1088/1361-6560/ac9e88. [PMID: 36317316 PMCID: PMC9933773 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6560/ac9e88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Objective.The Office of Radiological Security, U.S. Department of Energy's National Nuclear Security Administration, is implementing a radiological risk reduction program which seeks to minimize or eliminate the use of high activity radiological sources, including137Cs, by replacing them with non-radioisotopic technologies, such as x-ray irradiators. The main goal of this paper is to evaluate the equivalence of the dose delivered by gamma- and x-ray irradiators in mice using experimental measurements and Monte Carlo simulations. We also propose a novel biophantom as anin situdose calibration method.Approach.We irradiated mouse carcasses and 3D-printed mouse biophantoms in a137Cs irradiator (Mark I-68) and an x-ray irradiator (X-Rad320) at three voltages (160 kVp, 225 kVp and 320 kVp) and measured the delivered radiation dose. A Geant4-based Monte Carlo model was developed and validated to provide a comprehensive picture of gamma- and x-ray irradiation in mice.Main Results.Our Monte Carlo model predicts a uniform dose delivered in soft-tissue for all the explored irradiation programs and in agreement with the absolute dose measurements. Our Monte Carlo model shows an energy-dependent difference between dose in bone and in soft tissue that decreases as photon energy increases. Dose rate depends on irradiator and photon energy. We observed a deviation of the measured dose from the target value of up to -9% for the Mark I-68, and up to 35% for the X-Rad320. The dose measured in the 3D-printed phantoms are equivalent to that in the carcasses within 6% uncertainty.Significance.Our results suggest that 320 kVp irradiation is a good candidate to substitute137Cs irradiation barring a few caveats. There is a significant difference between measured and targeted doses for x-ray irradiation that suggests a strong need forin situcalibration, which can be achieved with 3D-printed mouse biophantoms. A dose correction is necessary for bone doses, which can be provided by a Monte Carlo calculation. Finally, the biological implications of the differences in dose rates and dose per photon for the different irradiation methods should be carefully assessed for each small-animal irradiation experiment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Caravaca
- Physics Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Robin Peter
- Physics Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
| | - Jaewon Yang
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, United States of America
| | - Chad Gunther
- C&C Irradiator Service, LLC, Washington, DC. United States of America
| | - Juan Antonio Camara Serrano
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
| | | | - Veronica Steri
- Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - Youngho Seo
- Physics Research Laboratory, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
- Department of Nuclear Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, United States of America
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Putt KS, Du Y, Fu H, Zhang ZY. High-throughput screening strategies for space-based radiation countermeasure discovery. LIFE SCIENCES IN SPACE RESEARCH 2022; 35:88-104. [PMID: 36336374 DOI: 10.1016/j.lssr.2022.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
As humanity begins to venture further into space, approaches to better protect astronauts from the hazards found in space need to be developed. One particular hazard of concern is the complex radiation that is ever present in deep space. Currently, it is unlikely enough spacecraft shielding could be launched that would provide adequate protection to astronauts during long-duration missions such as a journey to Mars and back. In an effort to identify other means of protection, prophylactic radioprotective drugs have been proposed as a potential means to reduce the biological damage caused by this radiation. Unfortunately, few radioprotectors have been approved by the FDA for usage and for those that have been developed, they protect normal cells/tissues from acute, high levels of radiation exposure such as that from oncology radiation treatments. To date, essentially no radioprotectors have been developed that specifically counteract the effects of chronic low-dose rate space radiation. This review highlights how high-throughput screening (HTS) methodologies could be implemented to identify such a radioprotective agent. Several potential target, pathway, and phenotypic assays are discussed along with potential challenges towards screening for radioprotectors. Utilizing HTS strategies such as the ones proposed here have the potential to identify new chemical scaffolds that can be developed into efficacious radioprotectors that are specifically designed to protect astronauts during deep space journeys. The overarching goal of this review is to elicit broader interest in applying drug discovery techniques, specifically HTS towards the identification of radiation countermeasures designed to be efficacious towards the biological insults likely to be encountered by astronauts on long duration voyages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karson S Putt
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907 USA
| | - Yuhong Du
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Haian Fu
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology and Emory Chemical Biology Discovery Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA
| | - Zhong-Yin Zhang
- Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907 USA; Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Purdue University, West Lafayette IN 47907 USA.
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A multi-omics longitudinal study of the murine retinal response to chronic low-dose irradiation and simulated microgravity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16825. [PMID: 36207342 PMCID: PMC9547011 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19360-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The space environment includes unique hazards like radiation and microgravity which can adversely affect biological systems. We assessed a multi-omics NASA GeneLab dataset where mice were hindlimb unloaded and/or gamma irradiated for 21 days followed by retinal analysis at 7 days, 1 month or 4 months post-exposure. We compared time-matched epigenomic and transcriptomic retinal profiles resulting in a total of 4178 differentially methylated loci or regions, and 457 differentially expressed genes. Highest correlation in methylation difference was seen across different conditions at the same time point. Nucleotide metabolism biological processes were enriched in all groups with activation at 1 month and suppression at 7 days and 4 months. Genes and processes related to Notch and Wnt signaling showed alterations 4 months post-exposure. A total of 23 genes showed significant changes in methylation and expression compared to unexposed controls, including genes involved in retinal function and inflammatory response. This multi-omics analysis interrogates the epigenomic and transcriptomic impacts of radiation and hindlimb unloading on the retina in isolation and in combination and highlights important molecular mechanisms at different post-exposure stages.
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Visweswaran S, Raavi V, Abdul Syed Basheerudeen S, Kanagaraj K, Prasad A, Selvan Gnana Sekaran T, Pattan S, Shanmugam P, Ozimuthu A, Joseph S, Perumal V. Comparative analysis of physical doses and biomarker changes in subjects underwent Computed Tomography, Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography, and interventional procedures. MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2021; 870-871:503404. [PMID: 34583824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2021.503404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Even though the medical uses of ionizing radiation are well-acknowledged globally as vital tools for the improvement of human health, they also symbolize the major man-made sources of radiation exposure to the population. Estimation of absorbed dose and biological changes after radiation-based imaging might help to better understand the effects of low dose radiation. Because of this, we measured the Entrance Surface Dose (ESD) at different anatomical locations using Lithium tetraborate doped with manganese (Li2B4O7: Mn), recorded Dose Length Product (DLP) and Dose Area Product (DAP), analyzed Chromosomal Aberration (CA), Micronucleus (MN), gamma-H2AX (γ-H2AX), and p53ser15 proteins in the blood lymphocytes of patients (n = 267) underwent Computed Tomography (CT), Positron Emission Tomography-CT (PET/CT), and interventional procedures and healthy volunteers (n = 19). The DLP and effective doses obtained from PET/CT procedures were significantly higher (p < 0.05) when compared to CT. Fluoroscopic time and DAP were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in therapeutic compared to diagnostic interventional procedures. All the anatomical locations registered a significant amount of ESD, the ESD obtained from CT and interventional procedures were significantly (p < 0.05) higher when compared to PET/CT. Fluoroscopic time did not correlate with the ESD (eye, head, thyroid, and shoulder; R2 = 0.03). CA frequency after PET/CT was significantly higher (p < 0.001) when compared to CT and interventional procedures. MN frequency was significantly higher in 24-hs (p < 0.001) post-interventional procedure compared to 2-hs. The mean ± SD of mean fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX and p53ser15 obtained from all subjects underwent PET/CT and interventional procedures did not show a significant difference (p > 0.05) between pre- and post-procedure. However, the relative fluorescence intensity of γ-H2AX and p53ser15 was >1 in 58.5 % and 65.8 % of subjects respectively. Large inter-individual variation and lack of correlation between physical dose and biomarkers suggest the need for robust dosimetry with a large sample size to understand the health effects of low dose radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangamithra Visweswaran
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Venkateswarlu Raavi
- Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, Sri Devaraj Urs Academy of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Tamaka, Kolar, Karnataka, 563 103, India
| | - Safa Abdul Syed Basheerudeen
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Karthik Kanagaraj
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Akshaya Prasad
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Tamizh Selvan Gnana Sekaran
- Central Research Lab, K.S. Hegde Medical Academy, NITTE (Deemed to be University), Mangalore, Karnataka, 575 018, India
| | - Sudha Pattan
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Panneerselvam Shanmugam
- Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Annalakshmi Ozimuthu
- Safety, Quality & Resource Management Group, Health Safety and Environment Group, Homi Bhabha National Institute, Indira Gandhi Center for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam, Tamil Nadu, 603 102, India
| | - Santhosh Joseph
- Department of Neuro-Radiology, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India
| | - Venkatachalam Perumal
- Department of Human Genetics, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Porur, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600 116, India.
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Hamada N, Laiakis EC, Zablotska LB, Cullings HM. Introduction to the Second Bill Morgan Memorial Special Issue: an update on low dose biology, epidemiology, its integration and implications for radiation protection. Int J Radiat Biol 2021; 97:755-756. [PMID: 33872125 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2021.1918972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nobuyuki Hamada
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), Komae, Japan
| | - Evagelia C Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Lydia B Zablotska
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Harry M Cullings
- Department of Statistics, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, Hiroshima, Japan
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10
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Laiakis EC, Chauhan V, Little MP, Woloschak GE, Weil MM, Hamada N. Summary of the Second Bill Morgan Memorial Symposium: an update on low dose biology, epidemiology, its integration and implications for radiation protection. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:861-865. [PMID: 33252285 PMCID: PMC10655691 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1855373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evagelia C. Laiakis
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cellular Biology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC 20057, USA
| | - Vinita Chauhan
- Consumer and Clinical Radiation Protection Bureau, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K9, Canada
| | - Mark P. Little
- Radiation Epidemiology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-9778, USA
| | - Gayle E. Woloschak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Michael M. Weil
- Department of Environmental and Radiological Health Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA
| | - Nobuyuki Hamada
- Radiation Safety Research Center, Nuclear Technology Research Laboratory, Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry (CRIEPI), 2-11-1 Iwado-kita, Komae, Tokyo 201-8511, Japan
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