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Gao YX, Chu Y, Liu XP, Tang WH. Post-collaborative benefits: A meta-analysis of the effect of collaboration on subsequent individual retrieval. Br J Psychol 2024. [PMID: 39041068 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Collaboration has an essential role in memory, and how to appropriately use it to affect individual memory positively is a matter of concern. The meta-analysis generally assessed the effect of collaboration on subsequent individual retrieval, registered on the PROSPERO platform and adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, using the Web of Science, Science Direct, CNKI and WanFang databases with post-collaborative memory as the main subject, screened studies published up to December 31, 2023, a total of 64 studies with 101 effect sizes, including 13,398 participants from 11 countries. Heterogeneity test, sensitivity analysis, subgroup analysis and meta-regression analysis were performed on the included studies, while publication bias was assessed. The results found that collaboration improves subsequent individual retrieval memory more than individuals, and collaboration has a moderate facilitating effect on subsequent individual retrieval. Group size, material category, category size, collaboration phase, collaboration approach, task process and test method were among the moderating variables. The study emphasizes the role of collaboration in cognition and demonstrates the post-collaborative benefits. The conclusions are of value for developing methods to improve individual memory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Xia Gao
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yue Chu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xi-Ping Liu
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei-Hai Tang
- Faculty of Psychology, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, China
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2
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Saliou P, Chavant J, Belliard S, Merck C, de La Sayette V, Wallon D, Martinaud O, Eustache F, Laisney M. MEM&SO protocol: understanding the determinants of social learning in neurodegenerative diseases. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:307. [PMID: 38807183 PMCID: PMC11134701 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01791-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND People with neurodegenerative diseases may have difficulty learning new information, owing to their cognitive impairments. Teaching them techniques for learning in social contexts could alleviate this difficulty. The present study will examine the performances of patients with Alzheimer's disease and patients with the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia on a memory test administered in three social contexts. The protocol will make it possible to identify determinants of social interactions, social abilities, cognition, and personality that can explain the potentially beneficial effect of social context on learning in these patients. METHODS Thirty dyads (patient with primary memory impairment who meets criteria for Alzheimer's disease paired with caregiver), 16 dyads (patient meeting criteria for semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia paired with caregiver), and 46 dyads (healthy controls with no cognitive complaints) will be recruited. A nonverbal memory test (social memory task) will be administered to each dyad in three different social contexts (presence-only, observation, collaboration). Patients and healthy controls will also undergo a neuropsychological assessment to measure social (interactions and abilities), cognitive and personality aspects. Patients will be compared with controls on differential social scores calculated between the presence-only and collaboration contexts, and between the presence-only and observation contexts. A multiple comparative case study will be conducted to identify social, cognitive and personality variables that potentially explain the differential scores in the collaboration and observation contexts. DISCUSSION For the first time, memory will be assessed in patients with Alzheimer's disease and patients with the semantic variant of primary progressive aphasia in three different contexts (presence-only, observation, collaboration). The multiple comparative case study will make it possible to identify the determinants of memory performance in the social context, in order to create the most beneficial learning context for individual patients, according to their profile. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study was approved by the Ile de France XI institutional review board (2022-A00198-35), and registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (no. NCT05800028), on April 27, 2023.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Saliou
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France
| | - Julien Chavant
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France
| | - Serge Belliard
- Département de Neurologie, CHU Pontchaillou, Rennes, France
| | | | - Vincent de La Sayette
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France
| | - David Wallon
- Univ Rouen Normandie, Normandie Univ, Inserm U1245 and CHU Rouen, Department of Neurology and CNRMAJ, Rouen, F- 76000, France
| | - Olivier Martinaud
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France
| | - Francis Eustache
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France
| | - Mickaël Laisney
- Inserm, U1077, EPHE, UNICAEN, Normandie Université, PSL Université Paris, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine (NIMH), Caen, 14000, France.
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3
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Wolfe K, Crompton CJ, Hoffman P, MacPherson SE. Collaborative learning of new information in older age: a systematic review. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2023; 10:211595. [PMID: 37800148 PMCID: PMC10548100 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by a multitude of changes in cognitive abilities, which in turn affect learning. Learning collaboratively may benefit older adults by negating some of these age-related changes. However, studies on collaborative learning in older age differ in their methodology and findings. This systematic review provides an overview of the current research on collaborative learning in older age, exploring what factors influence collaborative learning in this age group. The titles and abstracts of imported 6629 works were screened, as well as four works added manually, which resulted in 29 studies. These studies were conducted across five countries (Canada, United States, United Kingdom, Switzerland and Belgium) between 1993 and 2023. Most studies were quantitative with a non-randomized (n = 16) design. Of the 29 studies, almost all studied collaboration in pairs (n = 28). The results suggest that the benefits of collaborating in older age may depend on the type of learning material, that familiarity between partners does not affect learning, and that age differences appear to decrease or disappear when older adults are provided with adequate time or trials. In addition, this systematic review identifies several gaps in the literature that future research should investigate further. This study was preregistered prior to its commencement on 21 January 2022. The accepted Stage 1 manuscript, unchanged from the point of in-principle acceptance, may be viewed at https://osf.io/tj4w7/. The data and materials of this study can be found at https://osf.io/8xvqf/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly Wolfe
- Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Catherine J. Crompton
- Division of Psychiatry, Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Paul Hoffman
- Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E. MacPherson
- Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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4
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Zihl J, Reppermund S. The aging mind: A complex challenge for research and practice. AGING BRAIN 2022; 3:100060. [PMID: 36911259 PMCID: PMC9997127 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbas.2022.100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Revised: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cognitive decline as part of mental ageing is typically assessed with standardized tests; below-average performance in such tests is used as an indicator for pathological cognitive aging. In addition, morphological and functional changes in the brain are used as parameters for age-related pathological decline in cognitive abilities. However, there is no simple link between the trajectories of changes in cognition and morphological or functional changes in the brain. Furthermore, below-average test performance does not necessarily mean a significant impairment in everyday activities. It therefore appears crucial to record individual everyday tasks and their cognitive (and other) requirements in functional terms. This would also allow reliable assessment of the ecological validity of existing and insufficient cognitive skills. Understanding and dealing with the phenomena and consequences of mental aging does of course not only depend on cognition. Motivation and emotions as well personal meaning of life and life satisfaction play an equally important role. This means, however, that cognition represents only one, albeit important, aspect of mental aging. Furthermore, creating and development of proper assessment tools for functional cognition is important. In this contribution we would like to discuss some aspects that we consider relevant for a holistic view of the aging mind and promote a strengthening of a multidisciplinary approach with close cooperation between all basic and applied sciences involved in aging research, a quick translation of the research results into practice, and a close cooperation between all disciplines and professions who advise and support older people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Zihl
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Department of Psychology, Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Reppermund
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Department of Developmental Disability Neuropsychiatry, Discipline of Psychiatry and Mental Health, School of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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5
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Crompton CJ, Wolters MK, MacPherson SE. Learning with friends and strangers: partner familiarity does not improve collaborative learning performance in younger and older adults. Memory 2022; 30:636-649. [PMID: 35193481 DOI: 10.1080/09658211.2022.2041038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Collaborative learning with a familiar partner can reduce age-related differences in learning and memory compared to learning alone. This study compares younger and older adults' learning with familiar and unfamiliar partners to determine whether familiarity is beneficial for collaborative learning. Twenty-four younger adults aged 18-28 years and 24 older adults aged 60-80 years participated in familiar and unfamiliar pairs. Participants were asked to arrange abstract tangram shapes in a specific order on a grid over multiple trials; the directors' tangram cards were arranged in a specific order on the grid and this order was communicated to the matcher. Older adults initially took longer to complete the task, using more words to correctly arrange the tangrams. Over multiple trials, a learning effect was observed in both groups, although older adults did not perform with similar efficiency to younger adults. Familiarity had no effect on performance. These findings suggest that the familiarity of a partner does not affect learning outcomes in younger or older adults when learning in a social context. Collaborative learning may be beneficial for older adults, even if they do not know their learning partner, which may have implications for adult education and lifelong learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine J Crompton
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.,School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Maria K Wolters
- School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sarah E MacPherson
- Human Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Mikal JP, Wurtz R, Grande SW. Older Adults' Computer-Mediated Communication (CMC) Engagement Following COVID-19 and Its Impact on Access to Community, Information, and Resource Exchange: A Longitudinal, Qualitative Study. Gerontol Geriatr Med 2021; 7:23337214211052201. [PMID: 34708148 PMCID: PMC8543631 DOI: 10.1177/23337214211052201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Following COVID-19, the CDC asked individuals to social distance and state and local authorities nationwide began issuing curfews and recommendations to “shelter-in-place.” Known to be more susceptible to the negative effects of COVID-19 and often coping with higher levels of social isolation, many worried that older adults’ mental health would suffer. While computer-mediated communication (CMC) is on the rise among older adults, whether and how older adults leverage the social benefits of CMC remains underexplored. This study assesses older adults’ CMC use after COVID and the impact of CMC engagement on access to connection, information, and resources. We follow 22 older adults over 6 weeks, using longitudinal qualitative surveys to study CMC use patterns and mental health outcomes. Results revealed that while older adults exhibited purpose-driven CMC engagement, limited integration into larger online communities restricted access to up-to-the-minute information, notably early in the pandemic. Longitudinal findings show progressively less engagement with online news and information, withdrawal from online social engagement, and a progressive relaxing of social distancing. This study sheds light on how best to reach older adults following disaster, and where older adults may be disadvantaged as social media becomes a modern “emergency broadcast system.”
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Affiliation(s)
- Jude P Mikal
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Rebecca Wurtz
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Stuart W Grande
- Division of Health Policy and Management, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA
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Rodrigues MA, Yoon SO, Clancy KBH, Stine-Morrow EAL. What are friends for? The impact of friendship on communicative efficiency and cortisol response during collaborative problem solving among younger and older women. J Women Aging 2021; 33:411-427. [PMID: 34038325 DOI: 10.1080/08952841.2021.1915686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Conversation is a skilled activity that depends on cognitive and social processes, both of which develop through adulthood. We examined the effects of age and partner familiarity on communicative efficiency and cortisol reactivity. Younger and older women interacted with familiar or unfamiliar partners in a dyadic collaborative conversation task (N = 8 in each group). Regardless of age, referential expressions among familiar and unfamiliar partners became more efficient over time, and cortisol concentrations were lower for speakers interacting with familiar partners. These findings suggest that communicative effectiveness is largely preserved with age, as is the stress-buffering effect of a familiar partner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle A Rodrigues
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Social and Cultural Sciences, Marquette University, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Si On Yoon
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Kathryn B H Clancy
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Anthropology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Elizabeth A L Stine-Morrow
- Beckman Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA.,Department of Educational Psychology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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8
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Paek EJ, Yoon SO. Partner-Specific Communication Deficits in Individuals With Alzheimer's Disease. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2021; 30:376-390. [PMID: 32585126 DOI: 10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Speakers adjust referential expressions to the listeners' knowledge while communicating, a phenomenon called "audience design." While individuals with Alzheimer's disease (AD) show difficulties in discourse production, it is unclear whether they exhibit preserved partner-specific audience design. The current study examined if individuals with AD demonstrate partner-specific audience design skills. Method Ten adults with mild-to-moderate AD and 12 healthy older adults performed a referential communication task with two experimenters (E1 and E2). At first, E1 and participants completed an image-sorting task, allowing them to establish shared labels. Then, during testing, both experimenters were present in the room, and participants described images to either E1 or E2 (randomly alternating). Analyses focused on the number of words participants used to describe each image and whether they reused shared labels. Results During testing, participants in both groups produced shorter descriptions when describing familiar images versus new images, demonstrating their ability to learn novel knowledge. When they described familiar images, healthy older adults modified their expressions depending on the current partner's knowledge, producing shorter expressions and more established labels for the knowledgeable partner (E1) versus the naïve partner (E2), but individuals with AD were less likely to do so. Conclusions The current study revealed that both individuals with AD and the control participants were able to acquire novel knowledge, but individuals with AD tended not to flexibly adjust expressions depending on the partner's knowledge state. Conversational inefficiency and difficulties observed in AD may, in part, stem from disrupted audience design skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Jin Paek
- Department of Audiology and Speech Pathology, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Knoxville
| | - Si On Yoon
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, The University of Iowa, Iowa City
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9
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Farina M, Polidoro Lima M, Machado WDL, Moret-Tatay C, Fernandes Lopes RM, Argimon IIDL, Irigaray TQ. Components of an indirect cognitive reserve: a longitudinal assessment of community-dwelling older adults. AGING NEUROPSYCHOLOGY AND COGNITION 2020; 28:907-920. [PMID: 33249955 DOI: 10.1080/13825585.2020.1839377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Cognitive reserve enables individuals to preserve their cognition, despite a possible underlying brain pathology. The objective was to verify which components contribute to an indirect measurement of cognitive reserve in older adults, assessed longitudinally within a four-year interval. The sample was comprised of 64 older adults from the community. The following instruments were used: sociodemographic form; Mini-Mental State Examination; subtests from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale - Third Edition; Trail Making Test; Verbal Fluency Test (animal category); Rey Auditory-Verbal Learning Test; Beck Anxiety Inventory; and the Geriatric Depression Scale 15-item version. Multiple linear regression analyses were performed for the data analysis. The sample was predominantly composed of women (81.3%) and the mean age of the sample was 73.19 years (SD = 6.12). With respect to the variables related to cognitive reserve, it was found that anxiety was the predictor variable of more cognitive components: It was found that poorer cognitive performance is associated with anxiety, and this variable is negatively related to cognitive reserve, as well as to the age variable. Engaging in cognitively stimulating activities, education level and living with someone were deemed to be factors that help build cognitive reserve in older adults. Keywords: cognitive reserve; older adults; longitudinal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Farina
- Psychology Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Manuela Polidoro Lima
- Psychology Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Wagner De Lara Machado
- Psychology Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Carmen Moret-Tatay
- Psychology Department, Universidad Catolica De Valencia San Vicente Martir, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | - Tatiana Quarti Irigaray
- Psychology Department, Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Rio Grande Do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Brazil
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10
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Khoo SS, Yang H. Social media use improves executive functions in middle-aged and older adults: A structural equation modeling analysis. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2020.106388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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11
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Human agency beliefs affect older adults' interaction behaviours and task performance when learning with computerised partners. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Stanley JT, Morrison LB, Webster BA, Turner JR, Richards CJ. An Age-Friendly University (AFU) assists with technology learning and social engagement among older adults and individuals with developmental disabilities. GERONTOLOGY & GERIATRICS EDUCATION 2019; 40:261-275. [PMID: 30707650 DOI: 10.1080/02701960.2019.1572009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As an Age-Friendly University (AFU), University of Akron is striving to support lifelong learning. A collaborative research effort developed between aging researchers at the university and a government-sponsored pilot program aimed to provide learning opportunities for older adults (OA) and engagement for individuals with developmental disabilities (IDD). The present study assessed the success of a pilot program to increase comfort with technology and community engagement. OA and IDD participants met twice a month for 9 months to discuss how to use technology (e.g., an IPad). We assessed satisfaction, perceived changes in comfort with technology, perceived changes in connection with others, and motivations for participating with questionnaires and a structured interview. On average, participants reported very high satisfaction with the group, and moderate increases in comfort with technology and how connected they feel to others as a result of participating in the group. The most common motivations for participation were related to values, strengthening social ties, seeking to learn, and bringing joy to others. These findings suggest that the pilot was successful at improving community engagement. The involvement of the university in the assessment of this pilot program situates the university as an age-friendly partner for community efforts to support lifelong learning.
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Quinn K. Cognitive Effects of Social Media Use: A Case of Older Adults. SOCIAL MEDIA + SOCIETY 2018; 4:10.1177/2056305118787203. [PMID: 37041879 PMCID: PMC10085578 DOI: 10.1177/2056305118787203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Research on the effects of social media use at older ages has largely focused on social benefits. Yet, participation in these new media forms may result in other favorable outcomes, such as improved cognitive functioning. Using a wait list-control design, this study examines the effects of social media engagement among novice adult social media users, aged 65 and older, in four cognitive domains: attention, processing speed, working memory, and inhibitory control. Baseline and multiple post-tests indicate improvement of intervention participants in inhibitory control. These findings demonstrate that the benefits of social media use at older ages extend beyond mere social engagement, and into other domains of everyday well-being.
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Abstract
Although a group of people working together recalls more items than any one individual, they recall fewer unique items than the same number of people working apart whose responses are combined. This is known as collaborative inhibition, and it is a robust effect that occurs for both younger and older adults. However, almost all previous studies documenting collaborative inhibition have used stimuli that were neutral in emotional valence, low in arousal, and studied by all group members. In the current experiments, we tested the impact of picture-stimuli valence, picture-stimuli arousal, and information distribution in modulating the magnitude of collaborative inhibition. We included both younger and older adults because there are age differences in how people remember emotional pictures that could modulate any effects of emotion on collaborative inhibition. Results revealed that when information was shared (i.e., studied by all group members), there were robust collaborative inhibition effects for both neutral and emotional stimuli for both younger and older adults. However, when information was unshared (i.e., studied by only a single group member), these effects were attenuated. Together, these results provide mixed support for the retrieval strategy disruption account of collaborative inhibition. Supporting the retrieval strategy disruption account, unshared study information was less susceptible to collaborative inhibition than shared study information. Contradicting the retrieval strategy disruption account, emotional valence and arousal did not modulate the magnitude of collaborative inhibition despite the fact that participants clustered the emotional, but not neutral, information together in memory.
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Besnard J, Allain P, Lerma V, Aubin G, Chauviré V, Etcharry-Bouyx F, Le Gall D. Frontal versus dysexecutive syndromes: relevance of an interactionist approach in a case series of patients with prefrontal lobe damage. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2016; 28:919-936. [DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2016.1209420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jérémy Besnard
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Philippe Allain
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Vanesa Lerma
- Department of Psychology, St. Edward’s University, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Ghislaine Aubin
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Regional Centre for Functional Rehabilitation, Angers, France
| | - Valérie Chauviré
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Frédérique Etcharry-Bouyx
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
| | - Didier Le Gall
- Laboratoire de Psychologie des Pays de la Loire (UPRES EA 4638), LUNAM Université, University of Angers, Angers, France
- Neuropsychological Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Angers, Angers, France
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Kensinger EA, Gutchess AH. Cognitive Aging in a Social and Affective Context: Advances Over the Past 50 Years. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci 2016; 72:61-70. [DOI: 10.1093/geronb/gbw056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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17
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Shune S, Duff MC. Verbal play as a discourse resource in the social interactions of older and younger communication pairs. JOURNAL OF INTERACTIONAL RESEARCH IN COMMUNICATION DISORDERS 2014; 5:193-216. [PMID: 25485072 PMCID: PMC4256531 DOI: 10.1558/jircd.v5i2.193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Verbal play, or the playful manipulation of elements of language, is a pervasive component of social interaction, serving important interpersonal functions. We analyzed verbal play in the interactional discourse of ten healthy younger pairs and ten healthy older pairs as they completed a collaborative referencing task. A total of 1,893 verbal play episodes were coded. While there were no group differences in verbal play frequency, age-related differences in the quality and function of these episodes emerged. While older participants engaged in more complex, extended, and reciprocal episodes that supported the social nature of communicative interactions (e.g., teasing), younger participants were more likely to engage in verbal play episodes for the purpose of successful task completion. Despite these age-related variations in the deployment of verbal play, verbal play is a robust interactional discourse resource in healthy aging, highlighting an element of human cognition that does not appear to decline with age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Shune
- Communication Disorders and Sciences, The University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA
| | - Melissa Collins Duff
- Departments of Communication Sciences and Disorders & Neurology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
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