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Zorrilla R, Soudah E. An efficient procedure for the blood flow computer simulation of patient-specific aortic dissections. Comput Biol Med 2024; 179:108832. [PMID: 39002313 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
In this work we present a novel methodology for the numerical simulation of patient-specific aortic dissections. Our proposal, which targets the seamless virtual prototyping of customized scenarios, combines an innovative two-step segmentation procedure with a CutFEM technique capable of dealing with thin-walled bodies such as the intimal flap. First, we generate the fluid mesh from the outer aortic wall disregarding the intimal flap, similarly to what would be done in a healthy aorta. Second, we create a surface mesh from the approximate midline of the intimal flap. This approach allows us to decouple the segmentation of the fluid volume from that of the intimal flap, thereby bypassing the need to create a volumetric mesh around a thin-walled body, an operation widely known to be complex and error-prone. Once the two meshes are obtained, the original configuration of the dissection into true and false lumen is recovered by embedding the surface mesh into the volumetric one and calculating a level set function that implicitly represents the intimal flap in terms of the volumetric mesh entities. We then leverage the capabilities of unfitted mesh methods, specifically relying on a CutFEM technique tailored for thin-walled bodies, to impose the wall boundary conditions over the embedded intimal flap. We tested the method by simulating the flow in four patient-specific aortic dissections, all involving intricate geometrical patterns. In all cases, the preprocess is greatly simplified with no impact on the computational times. Additionally, the obtained results are consistent with clinical evidence and previous research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Zorrilla
- Departament d'Enginyeria Civil i Ambiental, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08034, Spain; International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, 08034, Spain.
| | - Eduardo Soudah
- Departament de Resistència de Materials i Estructures a l'Enginyeria, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, 08034, Spain; International Center for Numerical Methods in Engineering (CIMNE), Barcelona, 08034, Spain; Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica, Expresión Gráfica en la Ingeniería, Ingeniería Cartográfica, Geodésica y Fotogrametría, Ingeniería Mecánica e Ingeniería de los Procesos de Fabricación, Universidad de Valladolid (UVA), Valladolid, 47011, Spain.
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Rongchang F, Kun W, Hui W. Study of the mechanism of action of sand therapy on atherosclerosis based on the two-phase flow-Casson model. Biomed Mater Eng 2024; 35:165-178. [PMID: 38043001 DOI: 10.3233/bme-230134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sand therapy is a non-pharmacological physiotherapy method that uses the natural environment and resources of Xinjiang to treat through the heat transfer and magnetic effects of sand. OBJECTIVE Employing the two-phase flow-Casson blood flow model, we investigate the mechanism of atherosclerosis prevention via sand therapy, offering a biomechanical theoretical rationale for the prevention of atherosclerosis through sand therapy via the prism of computational fluid dynamics (CFD). METHODS Sand therapy experiments were conducted to obtain popliteal artery blood flow velocity, and blood was considered as a two-phase flow composed of plasma and red blood cells, and CFD method was applied to analyze the hemodynamic effects of Casson's blood viscosity model before and after sand therapy. RESULTS (1) The blood flow velocity increased by 0.24 m/s and 0.04 m/s at peak systolic and diastolic phases, respectively, after sand therapy; the axial velocity of blood vessels increased by 28.56% after sand therapy. (2) The average red blood cell viscosity decreased by 0.00014 Pa ⋅ s after sand therapy. (3) The low wall shear stress increased by 1.09 Pa and the high wall shear stress reached 41.47 Pa after sand therapy. (4) The time-averaged wall shear stress, shear oscillation index and relative retention time were reduced after sand therapy. CONCLUSION The increase of blood flow velocity after sand therapy can reduce the excessive deposition of cholesterol and other substances, the decrease of erythrocyte viscosity is beneficial to the migration of erythrocytes to the vascular center, the increase of low wall shear stress has a positive effect on the prevention of atherosclerosis, and the decrease of time-averaged wall shear stress, shear oscillation index and relative retention time can reduce the occurrence of thrombosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fu Rongchang
- College of Intelligent Manufacturing Modern Industry, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wang Kun
- College of Intelligent Manufacturing Modern Industry, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Wu Hui
- College of Intelligent Manufacturing Modern Industry, School of Mechanical Engineering, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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Kim T, van Bakel PAJ, Nama N, Burris N, Patel HJ, Williams DM, Figueroa CA. A Computational Study of Dynamic Obstruction in Type B Aortic Dissection. J Biomech Eng 2023; 145:031008. [PMID: 36459144 PMCID: PMC10854260 DOI: 10.1115/1.4056355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A serious complication in aortic dissection is dynamic obstruction of the true lumen (TL). Dynamic obstruction results in malperfusion, a blockage of blood flow to a vital organ. Clinical data reveal that increases in central blood pressure promote dynamic obstruction. However, the mechanisms by which high pressures result in TL collapse are underexplored and poorly understood. Here, we developed a computational model to investigate biomechanical and hemodynamical factors involved in Dynamic obstruction. We hypothesize that relatively small pressure gradient between TL and false lumen (FL) are sufficient to displace the flap and induce obstruction. An idealized fluid-structure interaction model of type B aortic dissection was created. Simulations were performed under mean cardiac output while inducing dynamic changes in blood pressure by altering FL outflow resistance. As FL resistance increased, central aortic pressure increased from 95.7 to 115.3 mmHg. Concurrent with blood pressure increase, flap motion was observed, resulting in TL collapse, consistent with clinical findings. The maximum pressure gradient between TL and FL over the course of the dynamic obstruction was 4.5 mmHg, consistent with our hypothesis. Furthermore, the final stage of dynamic obstruction was very sudden in nature, occurring over a short time (<1 s) in our simulation, consistent with the clinical understanding of this dramatic event. Simulations also revealed sudden drops in flow and pressure in the TL in response to the flap motion, consistent with first stages of malperfusion. To our knowledge, this study represents the first computational analysis of potential mechanisms driving dynamic obstruction in aortic dissection.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - P A J van Bakel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - N Nama
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588
| | - N Burris
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - H J Patel
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - D M Williams
- Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
| | - C A Figueroa
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105; Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48105
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Liu D, Wang X, Zhao D, Sun Z, Biekan J, Wen Z, Xu L, Liu J. Influence of MRI-based boundary conditions on type B aortic dissection simulations in false lumen with or without abdominal aorta involvement. Front Physiol 2022; 13:977275. [PMID: 36160847 PMCID: PMC9490059 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.977275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Most computational hemodynamic studies of aortic dissections rely on idealized or general boundary conditions. However, numerical simulations that ignore the characteristics of the abdominal branch arteries may not be conducive to accurately observing the hemodynamic changes below the branch arteries. In the present study, two men (M-I and M-II) with type B aortic dissection (TBAD) underwent arterial-phase computed tomography angiography and four-dimensional flow magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before and after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR). The finite element method was used to simulate the computational fluid dynamic parameters of TBAD [false lumen (FL) with or without visceral artery involvement] under MRI-specific and three idealized boundary conditions in one cardiac cycle. Compared to the results of zero pressure and outflow boundary conditions, the simulations with MRI boundary conditions were closer to the initial MRI data. The pressure difference between true lumen and FL after TEVAR under the other three boundary conditions was lower than that of the MRI-specific results. The results of the outflow boundary conditions could not characterize the effect of the increased wall pressure near the left renal artery caused by the impact of Tear-1, which raised concerns about the distal organ and limb perfused by FL. After TEVAR, the flow velocity and wall pressure in the FL and the distribution areas of high time average wall shear stress and oscillating shear index were reduced. The difference between the calculation results for different boundary conditions was lower in M-II, wherein FL did not involve the abdominal aorta branches than in M-I. The boundary conditions of the abdominal branch arteries from MRI data might be valuable in elucidating the hemodynamic changes of the descending aorta in TBAD patients before and after treatment, especially those with FL involving the branch arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongting Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongliang Zhao
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhonghua Sun
- Discipline of Medical Radiation Science, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Jiayi Liu, ; Zhonghua Sun,
| | | | - Zhaoying Wen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Xu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Liu
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Jiayi Liu, ; Zhonghua Sun,
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Zhu Y, Mirsadraee S, Rosendahl U, Pepper J, Xu XY. Fluid-Structure Interaction Simulations of Repaired Type A Aortic Dissection: a Comprehensive Comparison With Rigid Wall Models. Front Physiol 2022; 13:913457. [PMID: 35774287 PMCID: PMC9237394 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.913457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of aortic wall compliance on intraluminal hemodynamics within surgically repaired type A aortic dissection (TAAD). Fully coupled two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations were performed on two patient-specific post-surgery TAAD models reconstructed from computed tomography angiography images. Our FSI model incorporated prestress and different material properties for the aorta and graft. Computational results, including velocity, wall shear stress (WSS) and pressure difference between the true and false lumen, were compared between the FSI and rigid wall simulations. It was found that the FSI model predicted lower blood velocities and WSS along the dissected aorta. In particular, the area exposed to low time-averaged WSS ( ≤ 0.2 P a ) was increased from 21 cm2 (rigid) to 38 cm2 (FSI) in patient 1 and from 35 cm2 (rigid) to 144 cm2 (FSI) in patient 2. FSI models also produced more disturbed flow where much larger regions presented with higher turbulence intensity as compared to the rigid wall models. The effect of wall compliance on pressure difference between the true and false lumen was insignificant, with the maximum difference between FSI and rigid models being less than 0.25 mmHg for the two patient-specific models. Comparisons of simulation results for models with different Young's moduli revealed that a more compliant wall resulted in further reduction in velocity and WSS magnitudes because of increased displacements. This study demonstrated the importance of FSI simulation for accurate prediction of low WSS regions in surgically repaired TAAD, but a rigid wall computational fluid dynamics simulation would be sufficient for prediction of luminal pressure difference.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Saeed Mirsadraee
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Radiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Rosendahl
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - John Pepper
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Royal Brompton and Harefield Hospitals, London, United Kingdom
| | - Xiao Yun Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Ling Y, Tang J, Liu H. Numerical investigation of two-phase non-Newtonian blood flow in bifurcate pulmonary arteries with a flow resistant using Eulerian multiphase model. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Xu H, Xiong J, Han X, Mei Y, Shi Y, Wang D, Zhang M, Chen D. Computed tomography-based hemodynamic index for aortic dissection. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2020; 162:e165-e176. [PMID: 32217023 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In this study we aimed to propose a new computed tomography-based hemodynamic indicator to quantify the functional significance of aortic dissection and predict post intervention luminal remodeling. METHODS Computational hemodynamics and 3D structural analyses were conducted in 51 patients with type B aortic dissection, at initial presentation and at approximately 1 month, 3 months, and 1 year post intervention. A functional index was proposed on the basis of luminal pressure difference. Statistical relationships between the proposed indicator and longitudinal luminal development were analyzed. RESULTS The computed luminal pressure difference (true lumen pressure minus false lumen pressure) varied overall from positive to negative along the aorta. The first balance position at which the pressure difference equals 0 was proposed as the functional indicator. A more distally located first balance position indicated better functional status. Implantation of stent graft distally shifted this balance position. Patients with the balance position shifted out of the dissected region (43%) presented the highest functional improvement after intervention; whereas those with the balance position shifted to the abdominal region (25%) showed unsatisfactory results. The magnitude of distal shifting of the first balance position at 3 months post intervention was statistically related to the subsequent true lumen expansion and false lumen reduction. CONCLUSIONS The first balance position of luminal pressure difference quantified the hemodynamic status of the dissected aorta. The magnitude of distal shifting of the balance position after intervention was associated with functional improvement and might be used predict longitudinal aortic remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanming Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Xiong
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqian Mei
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Yue Shi
- Department of Engineering and Technology, Meiyin (Beijing) Medical Device Development Ltd, Beijing, China
| | - Dianpeng Wang
- Department of Probability and Statistics, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Mingchen Zhang
- Department of Mathematics, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, Calif
| | - Duanduan Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China.
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Bäumler K, Vedula V, Sailer AM, Seo J, Chiu P, Mistelbauer G, Chan FP, Fischbein MP, Marsden AL, Fleischmann D. Fluid-structure interaction simulations of patient-specific aortic dissection. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2020; 19:1607-1628. [PMID: 31993829 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-020-01294-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Credible computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations of aortic dissection are challenging, because the defining parallel flow channels-the true and the false lumen-are separated from each other by a more or less mobile dissection membrane, which is made up of a delaminated portion of the elastic aortic wall. We present a comprehensive numerical framework for CFD simulations of aortic dissection, which captures the complex interplay between physiologic deformation, flow, pressures, and time-averaged wall shear stress (TAWSS) in a patient-specific model. Our numerical model includes (1) two-way fluid-structure interaction (FSI) to describe the dynamic deformation of the vessel wall and dissection flap; (2) prestress and (3) external tissue support of the structural domain to avoid unphysiologic dilation of the aortic wall and stretching of the dissection flap; (4) tethering of the aorta by intercostal and lumbar arteries to restrict translatory motion of the aorta; and a (5) independently defined elastic modulus for the dissection flap and the outer vessel wall to account for their different material properties. The patient-specific aortic geometry is derived from computed tomography angiography (CTA). Three-dimensional phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) and the patient's blood pressure are used to inform physiologically realistic, patient-specific boundary conditions. Our simulations closely capture the cyclical deformation of the dissection membrane, with flow simulations in good agreement with 4D flow MRI. We demonstrate that decreasing flap stiffness from [Formula: see text] to [Formula: see text] kPa (a) increases the displacement of the dissection flap from 1.4 to 13.4 mm, (b) decreases the surface area of TAWSS by a factor of 2.3, (c) decreases the mean pressure difference between true lumen and false lumen by a factor of 0.63, and (d) decreases the true lumen flow rate by up to 20% in the abdominal aorta. We conclude that the mobility of the dissection flap substantially influences local hemodynamics and therefore needs to be accounted for in patient-specific simulations of aortic dissection. Further research to accurately measure flap stiffness and its local variations could help advance future CFD applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Bäumler
- 3D and Quantitative Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Vijay Vedula
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Anna M Sailer
- 3D and Quantitative Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jongmin Seo
- Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Peter Chiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Gabriel Mistelbauer
- Department of Simulation and Graphics, University of Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Frandics P Chan
- 3D and Quantitative Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Michael P Fischbein
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Alison L Marsden
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Dominik Fleischmann
- 3D and Quantitative Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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Munshi B, Parker LP, Norman PE, Doyle BJ. The application of computational modeling for risk prediction in type B aortic dissection. J Vasc Surg 2019; 71:1789-1801.e3. [PMID: 31831314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.09.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE New tools are urgently needed to help with surgical decision-making in type B aortic dissection (TBAD) that is uncomplicated at the time of initial presentation. This narrative review aims to answer the clinical question, Can computational modeling be used to predict risk in acute and chronic Stanford TBAD? METHODS The review (PROSPERO 2018 CRD42018104472) focused on risk prediction in TBAD. A comprehensive search of the Ovid MEDLINE database, using terms related to computational modeling and aortic dissection, was conducted to find studies of any form published between 1998 and 2018. Cohort studies, case series, and case reports of adults (older than 18 years) with computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging diagnosis of TBAD were included. Computational modeling was applied in all selected studies. RESULTS There were 37 studies about computational modeling of TBAD identified from the search, and the findings were synthesized into a narrative review. Computational modeling can produce numerically calculated values of stresses, pressures, and flow velocities that are difficult to measure in vivo. Hemodynamic parameters-high or low wall shear stress, high pressure gradient between lumens during the cardiac cycle, and high false lumen flow rate-have been linked to the pathogenesis of branch malperfusion and aneurysm formation by numerous studies. Considering the major outcomes of end-organ failure, aortic rupture, and stabilization and remodeling, hypotheses have been generated about inter-relationships of measurable parameters in computational models with observable anatomic and pathologic changes, resulting in specific clinical outcomes. CONCLUSIONS There is consistency in study findings about computational modeling in TBAD, although a limited number of patients have been analyzed using various techniques. The mechanistic patterns of association found in this narrative review should be investigated in larger cohort prospective studies to further refine our understanding. It highlights the importance of patient-specific computational hemodynamic parameters in clinical decision-making algorithms. The current challenge is to develop and to test a risk assessment method that can be used by clinicians for TBAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijit Munshi
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Louis P Parker
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Paul E Norman
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; Department of Vascular Surgery, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia
| | - Barry J Doyle
- Vascular Engineering Laboratory, Harry Perkins Institute of Medical Research, QEII Medical Centre, Nedlands, Australia; Centre for Medical Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia; School of Engineering, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
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Pirola S, Guo B, Menichini C, Saitta S, Fu W, Dong Z, Xu XY. 4-D Flow MRI-Based Computational Analysis of Blood Flow in Patient-Specific Aortic Dissection. IEEE Trans Biomed Eng 2019; 66:3411-3419. [DOI: 10.1109/tbme.2019.2904885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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11
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Qiao Y, Fan J, Ding Y, Zhu T, Luo K. A Primary Computational Fluid Dynamics Study of Pre- and Post-TEVAR With Intentional Left Subclavian Artery Coverage in a Type B Aortic Dissection. J Biomech Eng 2019; 141:2735390. [DOI: 10.1115/1.4043881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The impact of left subclavian artery (LSA) coverage during thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) on the circulatory system is not fully understood. Here, we coupled a single-phase non-Newtonian model with fluid–structure interaction (FSI) technique to simulate blood flow in an acute type B aortic dissection. Three-element Windkessel model was implemented to reproduce physiological pressure waves, where a new workflow was designed to determine model parameters with the absence of measured data. Simulations were carried out in three geometric models to demonstrate the consequence of TEVAR with the LSA coverage; case A: pre-TEVAR aorta; case B: post-TEVAR aorta with the disappearance of LSA; case C: post-TEVAR aorta with virtually adding LSA. Results show that the blood flow through the compressed true lumen is only 8.43%, which may lead to ischemia in related organs. After TEVAR, the wall pressure on the stented segment increases and blood flow in the supra-aortic branches and true lumen is improved. Meantime, the average deformation of the aorta is obviously reduced due to the implantation of the stent graft. After virtually adding LSA, significant changes in the distribution of blood flow and two indices based on wall shear stress are observed. Moreover, the movement of residual false lumen becomes stable, which could contribute to patient recovery. Overall, this study quantitatively evaluates the efficacy of TEVAR for acute type B aortic dissection and demonstrates that the coverage of LSA has a considerable impact on the important hemodynamic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China e-mail:
| | - Jianren Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China e-mail:
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China e-mail:
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, 180 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China e-mail:
| | - Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, Hangzhou 310027, China e-mail:
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Numerical simulation of haemodynamics of the descending aorta in the non-diabetic and diabetic rabbits. J Biomech 2019; 91:140-150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Gültekin O, Hager SP, Dal H, Holzapfel GA. Computational modeling of progressive damage and rupture in fibrous biological tissues: application to aortic dissection. Biomech Model Mechanobiol 2019; 18:1607-1628. [PMID: 31093869 PMCID: PMC6825033 DOI: 10.1007/s10237-019-01164-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study analyzes the lethal clinical condition of aortic dissections from a numerical point of view. On the basis of previous contributions by Gültekin et al. (Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 312:542-566, 2016 and 331:23-52, 2018), we apply a holistic geometrical approach to fracture, namely the crack phase-field, which inherits the intrinsic features of gradient damage and variational fracture mechanics. The continuum framework captures anisotropy, is thermodynamically consistent and is based on finite strains. The balance of linear momentum and the crack evolution equation govern the coupled mechanical and phase-field problem. The solution scheme features the robust one-pass operator-splitting algorithm upon temporal and spatial discretizations. Based on experimental data of diseased human thoracic aortic samples, the elastic material parameters are identified followed by a sensitivity analysis of the anisotropic phase-field model. Finally, we simulate an incipient propagation of an aortic dissection within a multi-layered segment of a thoracic aorta that involves a prescribed initial tear. The finite element results demonstrate a severe damage zone around the initial tear and exhibit a rather helical crack pattern, which aligns with the fiber orientation. It is hoped that the current contribution can provide some directions for further investigations of this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osman Gültekin
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/II, 8010, Graz, Austria.,Department of Mechanical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Dumlupınar Bulvarı No. 1, Çankaya, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sandra Priska Hager
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/II, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Hüsnü Dal
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Middle East Technical University, Dumlupınar Bulvarı No. 1, Çankaya, 06800, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gerhard A Holzapfel
- Institute of Biomechanics, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 16/II, 8010, Graz, Austria. .,Department of Structural Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491, Trondheim, Norway.
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Qiao Y, Zeng Y, Ding Y, Fan J, Luo K, Zhu T. Numerical simulation of two-phase non-Newtonian blood flow with fluid-structure interaction in aortic dissection. Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2019; 22:620-630. [PMID: 30822150 DOI: 10.1080/10255842.2019.1577398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghui Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yujie Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Ding
- Department of Radiology, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianren Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kun Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Zhongshan Hospital Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Bonfanti M, Balabani S, Alimohammadi M, Agu O, Homer-Vanniasinkam S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. A simplified method to account for wall motion in patient-specific blood flow simulations of aortic dissection: Comparison with fluid-structure interaction. Med Eng Phys 2018; 58:S1350-4533(18)30074-2. [PMID: 29759947 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2018.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Revised: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Aortic dissection (AD) is a complex and highly patient-specific vascular condition difficult to treat. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) can aid the medical management of this pathology, yet its modelling and simulation are challenging. One aspect usually disregarded when modelling AD is the motion of the vessel wall, which has been shown to significantly impact simulation results. Fluid-structure interaction (FSI) methods are difficult to implement and are subject to assumptions regarding the mechanical properties of the vessel wall, which cannot be retrieved non-invasively. This paper presents a simplified 'moving-boundary method' (MBM) to account for the motion of the vessel wall in type-B AD CFD simulations, which can be tuned with non-invasive clinical images (e.g. 2D cine-MRI). The method is firstly validated against the 1D solution of flow through an elastic straight tube; it is then applied to a type-B AD case study and the results are compared to a state-of-the-art, full FSI simulation. Results show that the proposed method can capture the main effects due to the wall motion on the flow field: the average relative difference between flow and pressure waves obtained with the FSI and MBM simulations was less than 1.8% and 1.3%, respectively and the wall shear stress indices were found to have a similar distribution. Moreover, compared to FSI, MBM has the advantage to be less computationally expensive (requiring half of the time of an FSI simulation) and easier to implement, which are important requirements for clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Bonfanti
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Mona Alimohammadi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | | | - Shervanthi Homer-Vanniasinkam
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University College London, WC1E 7JE, UK; Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, LS1 3EX, UK; University of Warwick Medical School & University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, CV4 7AL, UK
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Xu H, Li Z, Dong H, Zhang Y, Wei J, Watton PN, Guo W, Chen D, Xiong J. Hemodynamic parameters that may predict false-lumen growth in type-B aortic dissection after endovascular repair: A preliminary study on long-term multiple follow-ups. Med Eng Phys 2017; 50:12-21. [PMID: 28890304 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2016] [Revised: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is commonly applied in type-B aortic dissection. For patients with dissection affects descending aorta and extends downward to involve abdominal aorta and possibly iliac arteries, false lumen (FL) expansion might occur post-TEVAR. Predictions of dissection development may assist in medical decision on re-intervention or surgery. In this study, two patients are selected with similar morphological features at initial presentation but with different long-term FL development post-TEVAR (stable and enlarged FL). Patient-specific models are established for each of the follow-ups. Flow boundaries and computational validations are obtained from Doppler ultrasound velocimetry. By analyzing the hemodynamic parameters, the false-to-true luminal pressure difference (PDiff) and particle relative residence time (RRT) are found related to FL remodeling. It is found that (i) the position of the first FL flow entry is the watershed of negative-and-positive PDiff and, in long-term follow-ups, and the position of largest PDiff is consistent with that of the greatest increase of FL width; (ii) high RRT occurs at the FL proximal tip and similar magnitude of RRT is found in both stable and enlarged cases; (iii) comparing to the RRT at 7days post-TEVAR, an increase of RRT afterwards in short-term is found in the stable case while a slight decrease of this parameter is found in the enlarged case, indicating that the variation of RRT in short-term post-TEVAR might be potential to predict long-term FL remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanming Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Zhenfeng Li
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China
| | - Huiwu Dong
- Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, Chinese PLA General Hospital, China
| | - Yilun Zhang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianyong Wei
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Paul N Watton
- Department of Computer Science & INSIGNEO Institute, University of Sheffield, UK; Department of Mechanical Engineering and Material Science, University of Pittsburgh, United States
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
| | - Duanduan Chen
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China; Key Laboratory of Convergence Medical Engineering System and Healthcare Technology, The Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, China.
| | - Jiang Xiong
- Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.
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Long Ko JK, Liu RW, Ma D, Shi L, Ho Yu SC, Wang D. Pulsatile hemodynamics in patient-specific thoracic aortic dissection models constructed from computed tomography angiography. JOURNAL OF X-RAY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2017; 25:233-245. [PMID: 28234275 DOI: 10.3233/xst-17256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Thoracic aortic dissection (TAD) is considered one of the most catastrophic and non-traumatic cardiovascular diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality rates in clinical treatment. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the pulsatile hemodynamics changes throughout a cardiac cycle in a Stanford Type B TAD model with the aid of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) method. METHODS A patient-specific dissected aorta geometry was reconstructed from the three-dimensional (3D) computed tomography angiography (CTA) scanning. The realistic time-dependent pulsatile boundary conditions were prescribed for our 3D patient-specific TAD model. Blood was considered to be an incompressible, Newtonian fluid. The aortic wall was assumed to be rigid, and a no-slip boundary condition was applied at the wall. CFD simulations were processed using the finite volume (FV) method to investigate the pulsatile hemodynamics in terms of blood flow velocity, aortic wall pressure, wall shear stress and flow vorticity. In the experiments, blood velocity, pressure, wall shear stress and vorticity distributions were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively. RESULTS The experimental results demonstrated a high wall shear stress and strong vertical flow at dissection initiation. The results also indicated that wall shear progressed along the false lumen, which is a possible cause of blood flow between aortic wall layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky Ka Long Ko
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Ryan Wen Liu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Diya Ma
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
- Chow Yuk Ho Technology Center for Innovative Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Simon Chun Ho Yu
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
| | - Defeng Wang
- Department of Imaging and Interventional Radiology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
- Research Center for Medical Image Computing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong
- Shenzhen Research Institute, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China
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Alimohammadi M, Sherwood JM, Karimpour M, Agu O, Balabani S, Díaz-Zuccarini V. Aortic dissection simulation models for clinical support: fluid-structure interaction vs. rigid wall models. Biomed Eng Online 2015; 14:34. [PMID: 25881252 PMCID: PMC4407424 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-015-0032-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The management and prognosis of aortic dissection (AD) is often challenging and the use of personalised computational models is being explored as a tool to improve clinical outcome. Including vessel wall motion in such simulations can provide more realistic and potentially accurate results, but requires significant additional computational resources, as well as expertise. With clinical translation as the final aim, trade-offs between complexity, speed and accuracy are inevitable. The present study explores whether modelling wall motion is worth the additional expense in the case of AD, by carrying out fluid-structure interaction (FSI) simulations based on a sample patient case. METHODS Patient-specific anatomical details were extracted from computed tomography images to provide the fluid domain, from which the vessel wall was extrapolated. Two-way fluid-structure interaction simulations were performed, with coupled Windkessel boundary conditions and hyperelastic wall properties. The blood was modelled using the Carreau-Yasuda viscosity model and turbulence was accounted for via a shear stress transport model. A simulation without wall motion (rigid wall) was carried out for comparison purposes. RESULTS The displacement of the vessel wall was comparable to reports from imaging studies in terms of intimal flap motion and contraction of the true lumen. Analysis of the haemodynamics around the proximal and distal false lumen in the FSI model showed complex flow structures caused by the expansion and contraction of the vessel wall. These flow patterns led to significantly different predictions of wall shear stress, particularly its oscillatory component, which were not captured by the rigid wall model. CONCLUSIONS Through comparison with imaging data, the results of the present study indicate that the fluid-structure interaction methodology employed herein is appropriate for simulations of aortic dissection. Regions of high wall shear stress were not significantly altered by the wall motion, however, certain collocated regions of low and oscillatory wall shear stress which may be critical for disease progression were only identified in the FSI simulation. We conclude that, if patient-tailored simulations of aortic dissection are to be used as an interventional planning tool, then the additional complexity, expertise and computational expense required to model wall motion is indeed justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Alimohammadi
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Joseph M Sherwood
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK. .,Bioengineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2BP, UK.
| | - Morad Karimpour
- Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Obiekezie Agu
- Vascular Unit, University College Hospital, 235 Euston Road, London, NW1 2BU, UK.
| | - Stavroula Balabani
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Vanessa Díaz-Zuccarini
- Mechanical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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