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Aslim B, Nigdelioglu Dolanbay S, Baran SS. Exploring allocryptopine as a neuroprotective agent against oxidative stress-induced neural apoptosis via Akt/GSK-3β/tau pathway modulation. Comput Biol Chem 2024; 112:108144. [PMID: 39004026 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2024.108144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by neuronal loss due to hyperphosphorylated proteins induced by oxidative stress. AD remains a formidable challenge in the medical field, as current treatments focusing on single biomarkers have yielded limited success. Hence, there's a burgeoning interest in investigating novel compounds that can target mechanisms, offering alternative therapeutic approaches. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of allocryptopine, an isoquinoline alkaloid, on mechanisms related to AD in order to develop alternative treatment strategies. In this study, the in vitro AD cell model was obtained by inducing nerve growth factor (NGF)-differentiated PC12 (dPC12) cells to oxidative stress with H2O2, and also the effect mechanism of different allocryptopine concentrations on the in vitro AD cell model was studied. The treatments' antioxidative effects at the ROS level and their regulation of the cell cycle were assessed through flow cytometry, while their anti-apoptotic effects were evaluated using both flow cytometry and qRT-PCR. Additionally, the phosphorylation levels of Akt, GSK-3β, and tau proteins were analyzed via western blot, and the interactions between Akt, GSK-3β, CDK5 proteins, and allocryptopine were demonstrated through molecular docking. Our study's conclusive results revealed that allocryptopine effectively suppressed intracellular ROS levels, while simultaneously enhancing the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway by increasing p-Akt and p-GSK-3β proteins. This mechanism played a critical role in inhibiting neural cell apoptosis and preventing tau hyperphosphorylation. Moreover, allocryptopine demonstrated its ability to regulate the G1/S cell cycle progression, leading to cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase, and facilitating cellular repair mechanisms, potentially contributing to the suppression of neural apoptosis. The in silico results of allocryptopine were shown to docking with the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK 5) playing a role in tau phosphorylation Akt and GSK-3β from target proteins. Therefore, the in silico study results supported the in vitro results. The results showed that allocryptopine can protect dPC12 cells from oxidative stress-induced apoptosis and hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein by regulating the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. Based on these findings, it can be suggested that allocryptopine, with its ability to target biomarkers and its significant effects on AD-associated mechanisms, holds promise as a potential candidate for drug development in the treatment of AD. Further research and clinical trials are recommended in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belma Aslim
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | | | - Sahra Setenay Baran
- Gazi University, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey; Gazi University, Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Biology, Ankara 06500, Turkey
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2
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Bernini R, Campo M, Cassiani C, Fochetti A, Ieri F, Lombardi A, Urciuoli S, Vignolini P, Villanova N, Vita C. Polyphenol-Rich Extracts from Agroindustrial Waste and Byproducts: Results and Perspectives According to the Green Chemistry and Circular Economy. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:12871-12895. [PMID: 38829927 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.4c00945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Polyphenols are natural secondary metabolites found in plants endowed with multiple biological activities (antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, cardioprotective, and anticancer). In view of these properties, they find many applications and are used as active ingredients in nutraceutical, food, pharmaceutical, and cosmetic formulations. In accordance with green chemistry and circular economy strategies, they can also be recovered from agroindustrial waste and reused in various sectors, promoting sustainable processes. This review described structural characteristics, methods for extraction, biological properties, and applications of polyphenolic extracts obtained from two selected plant materials of the Mediterranean area as olive (Olea europaea L.) and pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) based on recent literature, highlighting future research perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Bernini
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Margherita Campo
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Chiara Cassiani
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Fochetti
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Francesca Ieri
- Institute of Bioscience and BioResources (IBBR), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Andrea Lombardi
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Silvia Urciuoli
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Pamela Vignolini
- Department of Statistics, Informatics, Applications "G. Parenti" (DiSIA), PHYTOLAB Laboratory, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Noemi Villanova
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Chiara Vita
- QuMAP - PIN, University Center "Città di Prato" Educational and Scientific Services for the University of Florence, 59100 Prato, Italy
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3
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Bianchetti G, Bottoni P, Tringali G, Maulucci G, Tabolacci E, Clementi ME. The polyphenolic compound punicalagin protects skin fibroblasts from UVA radiation oxidative damage. CURRENT RESEARCH IN PHARMACOLOGY AND DRUG DISCOVERY 2024; 6:100186. [PMID: 38846010 PMCID: PMC11153882 DOI: 10.1016/j.crphar.2024.100186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols are a class of natural compounds that act as antioxidants, neutralising harmful free radicals that would damage cells and increase the risk of diseases such as cancer, diabetes and heart disease. They also reduce inflammation, which is thought to be at the root of many chronic diseases. We are investigating the photoprotective effects of punicalagin, a type of polyphenolic compound mainly found in pomegranates, against UVA-induced damage in human skin fibroblasts. Punicalagin increases cell viability and reduces the high levels of ROS generated by photooxidative stress through its ability to modulate the Nrf2 transcriptional pathway. Interestingly, activation of the Nrf2 pathway results in an increase in reduced glutathione, NADH, and subsequently protects mitochondrial respiratory capacity. Integrating molecular and imaging approaches, our results demonstrate a potential cytoprotective effect of punicalagin against UVA-induced skin damage through an anti-apoptotic mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Bianchetti
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Patrizia Bottoni
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Sicurezza e Bioetica, Sezione di Farmacologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione di Fisica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tabolacci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCSS, 00168, Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Medicina Genomica, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
| | - Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” SCITEC-CNR, Largo Francesco Vito 1, 00168, Rome, Italy
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Wang N, Yang K, Wang J, Liang J, Yu S, Zhu A, Zhang R. Punicalagin relieves lipotoxic injuries on pancreatic β-cells via regulating the oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2023; 59:575-585. [PMID: 37775711 DOI: 10.1007/s11626-023-00806-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Cellular toxicity of hyperlipidemia has been long considered a major cause of various intractable disease such as diabetes. Discovering lipotoxicity antagonist with high efficiency and low side effects is of importance to develop therapeutics for relevant diseases. In the current study, we evaluate the anti-lipotoxic potential of punicalagin (PU) on pancreatic cells and investigate its underpinning mechanism involved. The administration of PU effectively improved cell viability, quenched intracellular reactive oxygen species, alleviated lipid peroxidation, and enhanced cellular antioxidative capacity in RINm5F cells stimulated by sodium palmitate. Besides that, PU treatment significantly inhibited the overload of mitochondrial calcium ions; alleviated the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress mediators including glucose-regulated protein 78, protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase, eukaryotic initiation factor 2α, activating transcription factor 6, caspase 12, and C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP); and attenuated the expression of cleaved caspase 3 and poly ADP-ribose polymerase in test cells. Further RNA interference experiment results and miR211-5p expression analysis revealed that PU may directly mitigate CHOP expression and upregulate the expression of miR211-5p to reduce ER stress-induced pancreatic cell death. The efficacy of PU in maintaining redox equilibrium and diminishing ER stress on pancreatic cells stressed by hyperlipidemia suggests that PU can be used as a promising dietary natural product to safeguard the pancreatic health against lipotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wang
- Department of Biotechnology, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, 212013, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kexin Yang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinghe Liang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengbo Yu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Aiqing Zhu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, 212013, People's Republic of China.
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Investigation of DHA-Induced Regulation of Redox Homeostasis in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells through the Combination of Metabolic Imaging and Molecular Biology. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11061072. [PMID: 35739970 PMCID: PMC9219962 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11061072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes-induced oxidative stress leads to the onset of vascular complications, which are major causes of disability and death in diabetic patients. Among these, diabetic retinopathy (DR) often arises from functional alterations of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) due to damaging oxidative stress reactions in lipids, proteins, and DNA. This study aimed to investigate the impact of the ω3-polyunsaturated docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) on the regulation of redox homeostasis in the human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line (ARPE-19) under hyperglycemic-like conditions. The present results show that the treatment with DHA under high-glucose conditions activated erythroid 2-related factor Nrf2, which orchestrates the activation of cellular antioxidant pathways and ultimately inhibits apoptosis. This process was accompanied by a marked increase in the expression of NADH (Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide plus Hydrogen) Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (Nqo1), which is correlated with a contextual modulation and intracellular re-organization of the NAD+/NADH redox balance. This investigation of the mechanisms underlying the impairment induced by high levels of glucose on redox homeostasis of the BRB and the subsequent recovery provided by DHA provides both a powerful indicator for the detection of RPE cell impairment as well as a potential metabolic therapeutic target for the early intervention in its treatment.
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Alper Erdo M, Bayar C, Ozkaya E, Metin A, Birim D, Armagan G, Demir S, Elgin Cebe G. Neuroprotective Effects of Different Lavandula stoechas L. Extracts Against Hydrogen Peroxide Toxicity in vitro. INT J PHARMACOL 2022. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2022.883.896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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7
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Cervantes-Anaya N, Azpilcueta-Morales G, Estrada-Camarena E, Ramírez Ortega D, Pérez de la Cruz V, González-Trujano ME, López-Rubalcava C. Pomegranate and Its Components, Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid, Promote Antidepressant, Antioxidant, and Free Radical-Scavenging Activity in Ovariectomized Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:836681. [PMID: 35600992 PMCID: PMC9120967 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.836681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports described the antidepressant-like action of the aqueous extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum: AEPG). Thus we evaluated the effect of AEPG and the main compounds found in the extract, punicalagin (PNCG) and ellagic acid (EA), on forced swimming test and the redox environment (reactive oxygen species [ROS] production, lipoperoxidation [LPX], and cellular function) in the brain of rats treated with 3 weeks post ovariectomy exposed ex vivo to pro-oxidants. Also, we selected PNCG and EA to study their antidepressant-like effects (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg) in the forced swimming test and their scavenging capacities in chemical combinatorial assays (expressed as IC50 values). We observed a 2-fold increase in the formation of ROS and LPX in the brain after exposure to FeSO4. However, these effects were significantly attenuated when rats were treated with AEPG, PNCG, and EA (1 mg/kg and 0.010 mg/kg for 14 days). AEPG and EA significantly increased the cellular function values of brains that had been affected by the effect of FeSO4 and with ONOO-. PNCG and EA significantly reduced immobility behavior at the lower doses used in this study. The capacity of scavenging compounds to eliminate radicals was for hydroxyl radical (⋅OH), superoxide anion (O2⋅-), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) as follows: AEPG > punicalagin > ellagic acid. In conclusion, the AEPG and their active compounds PNCG and EA promote antidepressant-like actions and antioxidant activity as they attenuate oxidative damage and prevent cellular dysfunction in ovariectomized rat brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Cervantes-Anaya
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Azpilcueta-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Estrada-Camarena
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ramírez Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Pérez de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C. López-Rubalcava
- Laboratorio 16, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico
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He X, Pei S, Meng X, Hua Q, Zhang T, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhu X, Liu R, Guo Y, Chen L, Li D. Punicalagin Attenuates Neuronal Apoptosis by Upregulating 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in the Diabetic Mouse Brain. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:4995-5004. [PMID: 35412829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Punicalagin exerts neuroprotective activity by improving AMP-activated kinase (AMPK) and mitochondrial Krebs cycle. AMPK and Krebs cycle metabolites regulate 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) via acting on ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes. Therefore, we hypothesized that punicalagin inhibits diabetes-related neuronal apoptosis by upregulating 5hmC in the diabetic mouse brain. C57BL/6J mice aged 8 weeks were randomly separated into five groups (n = 10), normal control (NC), diabetes mellitus (DM), resveratrol (RES), low-dose punicalagin (LPU), and high-dose punicalagin (HPU). Compared with other groups, the neuronal apoptosis rate was significantly higher and the 5hmC level of the cerebral cortex was significantly lower in the DM group. The levels of TET2 and P-AMPKα/AMPKα were significantly lower in the DM group than in both LPU and HPU groups. The ratio of (succinic acid + fumaric acid)/α-ketoglutarate was significantly higher in the DM group than in other groups. The present results suggest that punicalagin upregulates 5hmC via activating AMPK and maintaining Krebs cycle homeostasis, thus inhibiting neuronal apoptosis in the diabetic mouse brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin He
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Shengjie Pei
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xiangyuan Meng
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Qinglian Hua
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Tianyu Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Zhizhao Zhang
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xinyu Zhu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Run Liu
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yurong Guo
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Lei Chen
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Duo Li
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
- Institute of Nutrition & Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
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9
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Clementi ME, Pizzoferrato M, Bianchetti G, Brancato A, Sampaolese B, Maulucci G, Tringali G. Cytoprotective Effect of Idebenone through Modulation of the Intrinsic Mitochondrial Pathway of Apoptosis in Human Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells Exposed to Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020503. [PMID: 35203712 PMCID: PMC8962354 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Idebenone is a ubiquinone short-chain synthetic analog with antioxidant properties, which is believed to restore mitochondrial ATP synthesis. As such, idebenone is investigated in numerous clinical trials for diseases of mitochondrial aetiology and it is authorized as a drug for the treatment of Leber’s hereditary optic neuropathy. Mitochondria of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) are particularly vulnerable to oxidative damage associated with cellular senescence. Therefore, the aim of this study was to explore idebenone’s cytoprotective effect and its underlying mechanism. We used a human-RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to idebenone pre-treatment for 24 h followed by conditions inducing H2O2 oxidative damage for a further 24 h. We found that idebenone: (a) ameliorated H2O2-lowered cell viability in the RPE culture; (b) activated Nrf2 signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation; (c) increased Bcl-2 protein levels, leaving unmodified those of Bax, thereby reducing the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio; (d) maintained the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) at physiological levels, preserving the functionality of mitochondrial respiratory complexes and counteracting the excessive production of ROS; and (e) reduced mitochondrial cytochrome C-mediated caspase-3 activity. Taken together, our findings show that idebenone protects RPE from oxidative damage by modulating the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis, suggesting its possible role in retinal epitheliopathies associated with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Michela Pizzoferrato
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
| | - Giada Bianchetti
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Brancato
- Department of Health Promotion, Mother and Child Care, Internal Medicine and Medical Specialties of Excellence “G. D’Alessandro”, University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)-CNR, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.B.); (G.M.)
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-015-4367
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10
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Mohamad EA, Mohamed ZN, Hussein MA, Elneklawi MS. GANE can Improve Lung Fibrosis by Reducing Inflammation via Promoting p38MAPK/TGF-β1/NF-κB Signaling Pathway Downregulation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:3109-3120. [PMID: 35097306 PMCID: PMC8792938 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c06591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
There is a trend to use nanoparticles as distinct treatments for cancer treatment because they have overcome many of the limitations of traditional drug delivery systems. Gallic acid (GA) is an effective polyphenol in the treatment of tissue injuries. In this study, GA was loaded onto niosomes to produce gallic acid nanoemulsion (GANE) using a green synthesis technique. GANE's efficiency, morphology, UV absorption, release, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were evaluated. An in vitro study was conducted on the A549 lung carcinoma cell line to determine the GANE cytotoxicity. Also, our study was extended to evaluate the protective effect of GANE against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats. GANE showed higher encapsulation efficiency and strong absorption at 280 nm. Transmission electron microscopy presented a spherical shape of the prepared nanoparticles, and FTIR demonstrated different spectra for the free gallic acid sample compared to GANE. GANE showed cytotoxicity for the A549 carcinoma lung cell line with a low IC50 value. It was found that oral administration of GANE at 32.8 and 82 mg/kg.b.w. and dexamethasone (0.5 mg/kg) provided significant protection against LPS-induced pulmonary fibrosis. GANE enhanced production of superoxide dismutase, GPx, and GSH. It simultaneously reduced the MDA level. The GANE and dexamethasone, induced the production of IL-4, but suppressed TNF-α and IL-6. On the other hand, the lung p38MAPK, TGF-β1, and NF-κB gene expression was downregulated in rats administrated with GANE when compared with the LPS-treated rats. Histological studies confirmed the effective effect of GANE as it had a lung-protective effect against LPS-induced lung fibrosis. It was noticed that GANE can inhibit oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cytokines and downregulate p38MAPK, TGF-β1, and NF-κB gene expression to suppress the proliferation and migration of lung fibrotic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebtesam A. Mohamad
- Biophysics
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo University Street, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Zahraa N. Mohamed
- Medical
Laboratory Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Hussein
- Biochemistry
Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of
October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mona S. Elneklawi
- Biomedical
Equipment Department, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, October 6 University, 6th of October City 28125, Giza, Egypt
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11
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Harscoat-Schiavo C, Khoualdia B, Savoire R, Hobloss S, Buré C, Samia BA, Subra-Paternault P. Extraction of phenolics from pomegranate residues: Selectivity induced by the methods. J Supercrit Fluids 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2021.105300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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12
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Wang X, Zhou X, Yang K, Li Q, Wan R, Hu G, Ye J, Zhang Y, He J, Gu H, Yang Y, Zhu L. Peroxidase- and UV-triggered oxidase mimetic activities of the UiO-66-NH 2/chitosan composite membrane for antibacterial properties. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:2647-2657. [PMID: 33595569 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01960g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In this study, UiO-66-NH2 metal-organic framework (MOF) nanoparticles with peroxidase and oxidase mimetic activities were incorporated into a chitosan (CS) matrix by a simple and environmentally friendly method. The UiO-66-NH2/CS composite membrane possesses the peroxidase mimicking activity in the presence of traces of H2O2, thus resulting in good antibacterial properties. Intriguingly, 30 min of UV pre-irradiation of the UiO-66-NH2/CS composite membrane, in the absence of H2O2, still leads to a good antibacterial activity. This was attributed to the oxidase mimetic activity and the peroxidase mimicking activity of UiO-66-NH2. In such a way, the side effects of direct exposure to UV irradiation and H2O2 can be avoided for wound-healing treatments. The antibacterial mechanism was further proved by antibacterial experiments, TMB·2HCl color development experiments, reactive oxygen species generation tests and electron spin resonance tests. As a potential medical antibacterial dressing, in vitro membranes were also investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Wang
- The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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13
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Clementi ME, Maulucci G, Bianchetti G, Pizzoferrato M, Sampaolese B, Tringali G. Cytoprotective Effects of Punicalagin on Hydrogen-Peroxide-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10020192. [PMID: 33572785 PMCID: PMC7911437 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is a densely pigmented, monostratified epithelium that provides metabolic and functional support to the outer segments of photoreceptors. Endogenous or exogenous oxidative stimuli determine a switch from physiological to pathological conditions, characterized by an increase of intracellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Accumulating evidence has elucidated that punicalagin (PUN), the major ellagitannin in pomegranate, is a potent antioxidant in several cell types. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effect of PUN on mitochondrial dysfunction associated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative stress. For this purpose, we used a human RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to H2O2 for 24 h. The effects of PUN pre-treatment (24 h) were examined on cell viability, mitochondrial ROS levels, mitochondrial membrane potential, and respiratory chain complexes, then finally on caspase-3 enzymatic activity. The results showed that supplementation with PUN: (a) significantly increased cell viability; (b) kept the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) at healthy levels and limited ROS production; (c) preserved the activity of respiratory complexes; (d) reduced caspase-3 activity. In conclusion, due to its activity in helping mitochondrial functions, reducing oxidative stress, and subsequent induction of cellular apoptosis, PUN might be considered a useful nutraceutical agent in the treatment of oxidation-associated disorders of RPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—CNR, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: (M.E.C.); (G.T.); Tel.: +39-063-015-4215 (M.E.C.); +39-063-015-4367 (G.T.)
| | - Giuseppe Maulucci
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giada Bianchetti
- Biophysics Section, Neuroscience Department, Università Cattolica Del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (G.B.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Michela Pizzoferrato
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—CNR, L.go F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A, Gemelli IRCSS, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (M.E.C.); (G.T.); Tel.: +39-063-015-4215 (M.E.C.); +39-063-015-4367 (G.T.)
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14
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Tao LX, Ji SS, Szalóki D, Kovács T, Mándi A, Antus S, Ding X, Kurtán T, Zhang HY. An optically active isochroman-2H-chromene conjugate potently suppresses neuronal oxidative injuries associated with the PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathways. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2021; 42:36-44. [PMID: 32393798 PMCID: PMC7921582 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-020-0391-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that the use of potent neuroprotective agents featured with novel pharmacological mechanism would offer a promising strategy to delay or prevent the progression of neurodegeneration. Here, we provide the first demonstration that the chiral nonracemic isochroman-2H-chromene conjugate JE-133, a novel synthetic 1,3-disubstituted isochroman derivative, possesses superior neuroprotective effect against oxidative injuries. Pretreatment with JE-133 (1-10 μM) concentration-dependently prevented H2O2-induced cell death in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells and rat primary cortical neurons. Pretreatment with JE-133 significantly alleviated H2O2-induced apoptotic changes. These protective effects could not be simply attributed to the direct free radical scavenging as JE-133 had moderate activity in reducing DPPH free radical. Further study revealed that pretreatment with JE-133 (10 μM) significantly decreased the phosphorylation of MAPK pathway proteins, especially ERK and P38, in the neuronal cells. In addition, blocking PI3K/Akt pathway using LY294002 partially counteracted the cell viability-enhancing effect of JE-133. We conclude that JE-133 exerts neuroprotection associated with dual regulative mechanisms and consequently activating cell survival and inhibiting apoptotic changes, which may provide important clues for the development of effective neuroprotective drug lead/candidate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Xue Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Sha-Sha Ji
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Dóra Szalóki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Tibor Kovács
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Attila Mándi
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Sándor Antus
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Xun Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Tibor Kurtán
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, P. O. Box 400, H-4002, Debrecen, Hungary.
| | - Hai-Yan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201203, China.
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15
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Chen B, Zhao J, Zhang R, Zhang L, Zhang Q, Yang H, An J. Neuroprotective effects of natural compounds on neurotoxin-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. Nutr Neurosci 2020; 25:1078-1099. [PMID: 33164705 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2020.1840035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Overproduction of reactive species, notably reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species, along with the failure of balancing effects of endogenous antioxidant defenses result in destruction of cellular structures, lipids, proteins, and genetic material, which lead to oxidative stress. Oxidative stress-induced neuronal apoptosis plays a pivotal role in pathogenesis of neurodegeneration. Antioxidants represent one of the medical choice strategies for protecting against this unbalanced oxidation-antioxidation status. Recently, natural compounds with neuroprotective potential that can scavenge free radicals and protect cells from oxidative damage have received extensive attention. METHODS In this review, we summarized the detailed research progress on the medicinal plants-derived natural compounds with potential anti-oxidation effects and their molecular mechanisms on modulating the neurotoxin (6-OHDA, H2O2, glutamate, Aβ)-induced oxidative stress and cell apoptosis. RESULTS The natural compounds that efficacious in modulating reactive species production and mitochondrial function include flavonoids, glucosides, alkaloids, polyphenols, lignans, coumarins, terpenoids, quinones and others. They decreased the neurotoxin-induced oxidative damage and apoptosis by (1) decreasing ROS/RNS generation, lipid peroxidation, caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, LDH release, the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2, Ca2+ influx and cytochrome c release, (2) elevating MMP, and (3) restoring endogenous antioxidant enzymatic activities (CAT, GSH-Px, GSR, SOD). And they exerted neuroprotective effects against cell damages and apoptosis by modulating the oxidative cascades of different signaling pathways (Nrf2/HO-1, NF-κB, MAPKs, PI3K/Akt, GSK-3β) and preventing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis pathways. DISCUSSION The present work reviews the role of oxidative stress in neurodegeneration, highlighting the potential anti-oxidation effects of natural compounds as a promising approach to develop innovative neuroprotective strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Chen
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingjing Zhao
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Yang
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing An
- Translational Medicine Centre, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shannxi, People's Republic of China
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16
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Boni R, Ali A, Giteru SG, Shavandi A, Clarkson AN. Silk fibroin nanoscaffolds for neural tissue engineering. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2020; 31:81. [PMID: 32857207 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-020-06422-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The nervous system is a crucial component of the body and damages to this system, either by injury or disease, can result in serious or potentially lethal consequences. An important problem in neural engineering is how we can stimulate the regeneration of damaged nervous tissue given its complex physiology and limited regenerative capacity. To regenerate damaged nervous tissue, this study electrospun three-dimensional nanoscaffolds (3DNSs) from a biomaterial blend of silk fibroin (SF), polyethylene glycol (PEG), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). The 3DNSs were characterised to ascertain their potential suitability for direct implant into the CNS. The biological activity of 3DNSs was investigated in vitro using PC12 cells and their effects on reactive astrogliosis were assessed in vivo using a photothrombotic model of ischaemic stroke in mice. Results showed that the concentration of SF directly affected the mechanical characteristics and internal structure of the 3DNSs, with formulations presenting as either a gel-like structure (SF ≥ 50%) or a nanofibrous structure (SF ≤ 40%). In vitro assessment revealed increased cell viability in the presence of the 3DNSs and in vivo assessment resulted in a significant decrease in glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression in the peri-infarct region (p < 0.001 for F2 and p < 0.05 for F4) after stroke, suggesting that 3DNSs could be suppressing reactive astrogliosis. The findings enhanced our understanding of physiochemical interactions between SF, PEG, and PVA, and elucidated the potential of 3DNSs as a potential therapeutic approach to stroke recovery, especially if these are used in conjunction with drug or cell treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Boni
- Bioengineering Research Team, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Azam Ali
- Bioengineering Research Team, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Stephen G Giteru
- Department of Food Science, University of Otago, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
| | - Amin Shavandi
- Bioengineering Research Team, Centre for Bioengineering and Nanomedicine, Department of Food Science, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
- BioMatter-Biomass Transformation Lab (BTL), École Interfacultaire de Bioingénieurs (EIB), École Polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt, 50-CP 165/61, 1050, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Andrew N Clarkson
- Department of Anatomy, Brain Health Research Centre and Brain Research New Zealand, University of Otago, PO Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand
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17
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Nguyen-Ngo C, Willcox JC, Lappas M. Anti-inflammatory effects of phenolic acids punicalagin and curcumin in human placenta and adipose tissue. Placenta 2020; 100:1-12. [PMID: 32814232 DOI: 10.1016/j.placenta.2020.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The world is witnessing a steady rise in the prevalence of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), correlated with the current obesity epidemic. Both GDM and obesity negatively impact both the health of women but also that of the next generation. GDM and maternal obesity are associated with increased maternal and fetal inflammation and oxidative stress. A safe and effective intervention that can prevent these pathological features, and reduce the intergenerational burden, is required. Phenolic acids, such as punicalagin and curcumin, possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine the effects of punicalagin and curcumin on pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, and antioxidant expression in an in vitro model of inflammation. METHODS Human placenta, visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) explants were obtained at term elective Caesarean section and stimulated with TNF alpha (TNF). RESULTS We found that punicalagin and curcumin significantly supressed TNF-induced pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL1A, IL1B, and IL6) and chemokine (CCL2-4, CXCL1, CXCL5 and CXCL8) expression in human placenta, VAT and SAT. Anti-inflammatory cytokine IL4 and IL13 mRNA expression was also upregulated by punicalagin and curcumin treatment in placenta, VAT and SAT. Punicalagin and curcumin also altered antioxidant (SOD2 and catalase) mRNA expression in placenta, VAT and SAT, with minimal effect on hydrogen peroxide concentrations in tissue lysates. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the phenolic acids punicalagin and curcumin possess potent anti-inflammatory capabilities in in vitro human models of inflammation. Further studies are warranted to determine their suitability as therapeutic interventions for pro-inflammatory gestational complications, including GDM and maternal obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlyn Nguyen-Ngo
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jane C Willcox
- Dietetics and Human Nutrition, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia
| | - Martha Lappas
- Obstetrics, Nutrition and Endocrinology Group, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Mercy Perinatal Research Centre, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
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18
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Abbaszadeh F, Fakhri S, Khan H. Targeting apoptosis and autophagy following spinal cord injury: Therapeutic approaches to polyphenols and candidate phytochemicals. Pharmacol Res 2020; 160:105069. [PMID: 32652198 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a neurological disorder associated with the loss of sensory and motor function. Understanding the precise dysregulated signaling pathways, especially apoptosis and autophagy following SCI, is of vital importance in developing innovative therapeutic targets and treatments. The present study lies in the fact that it reveals the precise dysregulated signaling mediators of apoptotic and autophagic pathways following SCI and also examines the effects of polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals. It provides new insights to develop new treatments for post-SCI complications. Accordingly, a comprehensive review was conducted using electronic databases including, Scopus, Web of Science, PubMed, and Medline, along with the authors' expertise in apoptosis and autophagy as well as their knowledge about the effects of polyphenols and other phytochemicals on SCI pathogenesis. The primary mechanical injury to spinal cord is followed by a secondary cascade of apoptosis and autophagy that play critical roles during SCI. In terms of pharmacological mechanisms, caspases, Bax/Bcl-2, TNF-α, and JAK/STAT in apoptosis along with LC3 and Beclin-1 in autophagy have shown a close interconnection with the inflammatory pathways mainly glutamatergic, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, ERK/MAPK, and other cross-linked mediators. Besides, apoptotic pathways have been shown to regulate autophagy mediators and vice versa. Prevailing evidence has highlighted the importance of modulating these signaling mediators/pathways by polyphenols and other candidate phytochemicals post-SCI. The present review provides dysregulated signaling mediators and therapeutic targets of apoptotic and autophagic pathways following SCI, focusing on the modulatory effects of polyphenols and other potential phytochemical candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah 6734667149, Iran.
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
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19
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Jia Q, Zhang X, Zhang A, Wu R, Liu Z, Chen Y, Wang J, Lv L. rLj-RGD4, the shortened peptide of rLj-RGD3 from Lampetra japonica, protects against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury via the PI3K/Akt pathway. Peptides 2020; 129:170310. [PMID: 32389578 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2020.170310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The toxic RGD peptide, rLj-RGD4, characterized by 4 (Arg-Gly-Asp) (RGD) motifs, is a novel mutant of rLj-RGD3 from the salivary gland of Lampetra japonica. Our previous study showd that rLj-RGD3 exerts a protective effect against cerebral ischemia injury in rats. Through the induction of middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) injuries in rats, the present study investigated the effects and the mechanism through which rLj-RGD4 protects against ischemic stroke. In rats, treatment with rLj-RGD4 2 h after MCAO enhanced survival rate, improved movement and ameliorated the severity of brain infarction and apoptosis by diminishing pathological changes. This study demonstrated that rLj-RGD4 can reverse the downregulation of Bcl2, and the upregulation of Caspase-3. Mechanistic studies showed that rLj-RGD4 upregulated the expression levels of FAK, p-FAK, PI3K and p-Akt. In contrast, caspase-3 expression was inhibited. These results showed that rLj-RGD4 may reduce cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qilan Jia
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Ailin Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Rui Wu
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116029, China
| | - Zhien Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Yiheng Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China
| | - Jihong Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116029, China.
| | - Li Lv
- Department of Pharmacology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning Province, 116044, China.
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20
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Tabatabaei Mirakabad FS, Khoramgah MS, Tahmasebinia F, Darabi S, Abdi S, Abbaszadeh HA, Khoshsirat S. The Effect of Low-Level Laser Therapy and Curcumin on the Expression of LC3, ATG10 and BAX/BCL2 Ratio in PC12 Cells Induced by 6-Hydroxide Dopamine. J Lasers Med Sci 2020; 11:299-304. [PMID: 32802291 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2020.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders. The neuroinflammation in the brain of PD patients is one of the critical processes in the immune pathogenesis of PD leading to the neural loss in the substantia nigra. Due to the anti-inflammatory effects of curcumin (CU) and low-level laser therapy (LLLT), we examined the protective effect of CU and LLLT on PC12 cells treated with 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) as a Parkinson model. Methods: PC12 cells were pretreated using various concentrations of 6-OHDA for 24 hours to induce oxidative and cellular damages. PC12-6-OHDA cells were co-treated with CU and LLLT. The effects of CU and LLLT on Bax/Bcl2 and LC3/ATG10 expression were analyzed by real-time PCR and cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. Cell A Software was used to calculate the length of the Neurite and cell body areas. Results: The results of this study show that the combination of CU dose-dependently and LLLT has a significant neuroprotective effect on cells and cellular death significantly decreases by increasing CU concentration. CU+LLLT decreases Bax/Bcl2 ratio which is an indicator of apoptosis and it also rescued a decrease in LC3 and ATG10 expression in comparison with 6-OHDA group. Conclusion: This study shows that the combination of 5 μM CU and LLLT has the best neuroprotective effect on PC12 cells against 6-OHDA by decreasing the BAX/BCL2 ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maryam Sadat Khoramgah
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Hearing Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foozhan Tahmasebinia
- Proteomics Research Center, Faculty of Paramedical Science, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Saeed Abdi
- Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahrokh Khoshsirat
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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21
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Clementi ME, Sampaolese B, Sciandra F, Tringali G. Punicalagin Protects Human Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells from Ultraviolet Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage by Activating Nrf2/HO-1 Signaling Pathway and Reducing Apoptosis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9060473. [PMID: 32498245 PMCID: PMC7346122 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9060473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxidative damage of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is the early event that underlies the pathogenesis of maculopathies. Numerous studies have shown that punicalagin (PUN), a polyphenol present in pomegranate, can protect several cell types from oxidative stress. Our study aims to establish if PUN protects RPE from UV radiation-induced oxidative damage. We used an experimental model which involves the use of a human-RPE cell line (ARPE-19) exposed to UV-A radiation for 1, 3, and 5 h. ARPE-19 cells were pre-treated with PUN (24 h) followed by UV-A irradiation; controls were treated identically, except for UV-A. Effects of pre-treatment with PUN on cell viability, intracellular reactive oxygen species ROS levels, modulation of Nrf2 and its antioxidant target genes, and finally apoptosis were examined. We found that pre-treatment with PUN: (1) antagonized the decrease in cell viability and reduced high levels of ROS associated with UV-A-induced oxidative stress; (2) activated Nrf2 signaling pathway by promoting Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulating its downstream antioxidant target genes (HO-1 and NQO1); (3) induced an anti-apoptotic effect by decreasing Bax/Bcl-2 ratio. These findings provide the first evidence that PUN can prevent UV-A-induced oxidative damage in RPE, offering itself as a possible antioxidant agent capable of contrasting degenerative eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- National Research Council (CNR), Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—c/o Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- National Research Council (CNR), Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—c/o Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Francesca Sciandra
- National Research Council (CNR), Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche “Giulio Natta” (SCITEC)—c/o Istituto di Biochimica e Biochimica Clinica Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (M.E.C.); (B.S.); (F.S.)
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- Pharmacology Section, Department of Health Care Surveillance and Bioethics, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Roma—Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-063-015-4367
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22
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Khoshsirat S, Abbaszadeh HA, Khoramgah MS, Darabi S, Mansouri V, Ahmady-Roozbahany N, Ahrabi B, Bahrami M, Vafaee S, Tahmasebinia F, Poor Hassan M. Protective effect of Photobiomodulation Therapy and Bone Marrow Stromal Stem Cells Conditioned Media on Pheochromocytoma Cell Line 12 Against Oxidative Stress Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide. J Lasers Med Sci 2019; 10:163-170. [PMID: 31749940 DOI: 10.15171/jlms.2019.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Bone marrow stromal stem cells (BMSCs), a type of adult stem cells, secrete bioactive molecules such as trophic factors, growth factors, chemokine and cytokines that may be effective against oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. In this study, we examined the protective effect of BMSCs conditioned media (CM) and photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) on PC12 cells exposed to H2O2 as an oxidative injury model. Methods: BMSCs were cultured and confirmed by flow cytometry analysis and underwent osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation. Then, PC12-H2O2 cells were co-treated with BMSCs-CM and PBMT. The effect of BMSCs-CM and PBMT (He-Ne laser, 632.8nm, 3mW, 1.2J/ cm2 , 378s) on Bax/Bcl2 expression, cell viability, was assessed by real-time PCR and MTT assay. The length of the Neurite and cell body areas were assessed by Cell A software. Results: Flowcytometry analysis, as well as osteogenic and adipogenic staining, confirmed the BMSCs. The length of the Neurite was the highest in the group which received CM+PBMT and cell body areas were significant in CM+PBMT compared to other groups. Based on our results, elevating H2O2 concentration increased cell death significantly and using concentrations of 250 µM resulted in a dramatic increase in the mortality compared to the other groups. Conclusion: Our result demonstrated that the combination of CM +PBMT has a protective effect on PC12 cells against oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahrokh Khoshsirat
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hojjat Allah Abbaszadeh
- Hearing Disorders Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Sadat Khoramgah
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Darabi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Vahid Mansouri
- Faculty of Paramedical Science, Proteomics Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences,Tehran,Iran
| | | | - Behnaz Ahrabi
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bahrami
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Vafaee
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Foozhan Tahmasebinia
- Department of Biological Sciences, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Poor Hassan
- Laser Application in Medical Sciences Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Biology and Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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23
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Clementi ME, Lazzarino G, Sampaolese B, Brancato A, Tringali G. DHA protects PC12 cells against oxidative stress and apoptotic signals through the activation of the NFE2L2/HO-1 axis. Int J Mol Med 2019; 43:2523-2531. [PMID: 31017264 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) is an omega‑3 polyunsaturated fatty acid, derived mainly from fish oil. It is well known that DHA is present in high concentrations in nervous tissue and plays an important role in brain development and neuroprotection. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying its role remain to be fully elucidated. In this study, to enhance our understanding of the pathophysiological role of DHA, we investigated the possible neuroprotective mechanisms of action of DHA against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)‑induced oxidative damage in a rat pheochromocytoma cell line (PC12). Specifically, we evaluated the viability, oxidation potential, and the expression and production of antioxidant/cytoprotective enzymes, and eventual apoptosis. We found that pre‑treatment with DHA (24 h) protected the cells from H2O2‑induced oxidative damage. In particular, pre‑treatment with DHA: i) Antagonized the consistent decrease in viability observed following exposure to H2O2 for 24 h; ii) reduced the high levels of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) associated with H2O2‑induced oxidative stress; iii) increased the intracellular levels of enzymatic antioxidants [superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH‑Px)] both under basal conditions and following H2O2 exposure; iv) augmented the intracellular levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid, while it reduced the malondialdehyde (MDA) levels under conditions of oxidative stress; v) upregulated the expression of nuclear factor (erythroid‑derived 2)‑like 2 (NFE2L2) and its downstream target protein, heme‑oxygenase‑1 (HO‑1); and vi) induced an anti‑apoptotic effect by decreasing Bax and increasing Bcl2 expression. These findings provide evidence suggesting that DHA is able to prevent H2O2‑induced oxidative damage to PC12 cells, which is attributed to its antioxidant and anti‑apoptotic effects via the regulation NFE2L2/HO‑1 signaling. Therefore, DHA may play protective role in neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisabetta Clementi
- CNR‑ICRM Institute of 'Chemistry of Molecular Recognition', c/o Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University Medical School, I‑00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lazzarino
- Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University Medical School, I‑00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Beatrice Sampaolese
- CNR‑ICRM Institute of 'Chemistry of Molecular Recognition', c/o Institute of Biochemistry and Clinical Biochemistry, Catholic University Medical School, I‑00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Brancato
- Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother‑Child Care 'G. D'Alessandro' University of Palermo, I‑90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Tringali
- A. Gemelli University Polyclinic Foundation, Italy IRCCS, I‑00168 Rome, Italy
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24
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Bourebaba L, Michalak I, Röcken M, Marycz K. Cladophora glomerata methanolic extract decreases oxidative stress and improves viability and mitochondrial potential in equine adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (ASCs). Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 111:6-18. [PMID: 30553132 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Revised: 12/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are key mediators of several cellular damage and thus associated with equine diseases such as inflammation and metabolic syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the protective and antioxidant activities of methanolic extract prepared from Cladophora glomerata (C. glomerata) biomass, on equine adipose derived mesenchymal stem cells (EqASCs), under experimental oxidative stress induced by H2O2. Pre-treatment of EqASCs cells with different concentrations of C. glomerata methanolic extract (1% and 5%) provided a clear protection against cellular damage triggered by H2O2. The cell's apoptotic status was significantly regulated, with promotion of cell viability, down-regulation of pro-apoptotic (p21, p53, Bax and Casp-9) genes expression, concomitant to up-regulation of the survival gene Bcl-2, this being supported by a mitigation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and significant minimization of mitochondrial dysfunction. The results also showed that C. glomerata extract significantly increased the antioxidant enzymes Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and Catalase (CAT) activities, positively regulated the enzymes genes expression, and markedly reduced the protein carbonyls derivatives production. Finally, RT-qPCR analysis of the inflammatory related genes allowed to highlight a promising anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect of this extract. Due to the valuable antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, C. glomerata may have potential benefits for the prevention of equine diseases associated with oxidative stress, including metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lynda Bourebaba
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Michael Röcken
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Marycz
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology and Animal Science, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Norwida 27B, 50-375 Wrocław, Poland; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Equine Clinic - Equine Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University, 35392 Gießen, Germany.
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25
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Brancato A, Castelli V, Cavallaro A, Lavanco G, Plescia F, Cannizzaro C. Pre-conceptional and Peri-Gestational Maternal Binge Alcohol Drinking Produces Inheritance of Mood Disturbances and Alcohol Vulnerability in the Adolescent Offspring. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:150. [PMID: 29743872 PMCID: PMC5930268 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Although binge drinking is on the rise in women of reproductive age and during pregnancy, the consequences in the offspring, in particular the inheritance of alcohol-related mood disturbances and alcohol abuse vulnerability, are still poorly investigated. In this study, we modeled both Habitual- and Binge Alcohol Drinking (HAD and BAD) in female rats by employing a two-bottle choice paradigm, with 20% alcohol and water. The exposure started 12 weeks before pregnancy and continued during gestation and lactation. The consequences induced by the two alcohol drinking patterns in female rats were assessed before conception in terms of behavioral reactivity, anxiety- and depressive-like behavior. Afterwards, from adolescence to young-adulthood, male offspring was assessed for behavioral phenotype and alcohol abuse vulnerability. At pre-conceptional time BAD female rats showed higher mean alcohol intake and preference than HAD group; differences in drinking trajectories were attenuated during pregnancy and lactation. Pre-conceptional BAD induced a prevalent depressive/anhedonic-like behavior in female rats, rather than an increase in anxiety-like behavior, as observed in HAD rats. In the adolescent offspring, peri-gestational BAD did not affect behavioral reactivity in the open field and anxiety-like behavior in the elevated plus maze. Rather, BAD dams offspring displayed higher despair-behavior and lower social interaction with respect to control- and HAD dams progeny. Notably, only binge drinking exposure increased offspring vulnerability to alcohol abuse and relapse following forced abstinence. This is the first report showing that binge-like alcohol consumption from pre-conceptional until weaning induces relevant consequences in the affective phenotype of both the mothers and the offspring, and that such effects include heightened alcohol abuse vulnerability in the offspring. These findings highlight the need for more incisive public education campaigns about detrimental consequences of peri-gestational alcohol exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Brancato
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valentina Castelli
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Angela Cavallaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gianluca Lavanco
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Fulvio Plescia
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Carla Cannizzaro
- Department of Sciences for Health Promotion and Mother and Child Care "Giuseppe D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
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26
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DaSilva NA, Nahar PP, Ma H, Eid A, Wei Z, Meschwitz S, Zawia NH, Slitt AL, Seeram NP. Pomegranate ellagitannin-gut microbial-derived metabolites, urolithins, inhibit neuroinflammation in vitro. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:185-195. [PMID: 28784051 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1360558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Urolithins, ellagitannin-gut microbial-derived metabolites, have been reported to mediate pomegranate's neuroprotective effects against Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there are limited data on their effects against neuroinflammation. Herein, we: (1) evaluated whether urolithins (urolithins A and B and their methylated derivatives) attenuate neuroinflammation in murine BV-2 microglia and human SH-SY5Y neurons, and (2) evaluated hippocampus of transgenic AD (R1.40) mice administered a pomegranate extract (PE; 100 or 200 mg/kg/day for 3 weeks) for inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS Effects of urolithins (10 μM) on inflammatory biomarkers were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 microglia. In a non-contact co-culture cell model, SH-SY5Y cell viability was assessed after exposure to media collected from LPS-BV-2 cells treated with or without urolithins. Effects of urolithins on apoptosis and caspase 3/7 and 9 release from H2O2-induced oxidative stress of BV-2 and SH-SY5Y cells were assessed. Hippocampal tissues of vehicle and PE-treated transgenic R1.40 mice were evaluated for gene expression of inflammatory biomarkers by qRT-PCR. RESULTS Urolithins decreased media levels of nitric oxide, interleukin 6 (IL-6), prostaglandin E2, and tumor necrosis factor alpha from LPS-BV-2 microglia. In the co-culture cell model, media from LPS-BV-2 cells treated with urolithins preserved SH-SY5Y cell viability greater than media from cells treated without urolithins. Urolithins mitigated apoptosis and caspase 3/7 and 9 release from H2O2-induced oxidative stress of BV-2 and SH-SY5Y cells. While not statistically significant, inflammatory biomarkers (TNF-α, COX-2, IL-1, and IL-6) appeared to follow a decreasing trend in the hippocampus of high-dose PE-treated animals compared to controls. DISCUSSION The attenuation of neuroinflammation by urolithins may contribute, in part, toward pomegranate's neuroprotective effects against AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas A DaSilva
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Pragati P Nahar
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Hang Ma
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Aseel Eid
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Zhengxi Wei
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Susan Meschwitz
- b Department of Chemistry , Salve Regina University , Newport , RI 02840 , USA
| | - Nasser H Zawia
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA.,c George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Angela L Slitt
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
| | - Navindra P Seeram
- a Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA.,c George and Anne Ryan Institute for Neuroscience, University of Rhode Island , Kingston , RI 02881 , USA
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