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Özcan E, Šímová I, Bína D, Litvín R, Polívka T. Ultrafast spectroscopy of the hydrophilic carotenoid crocin at various pH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10225-10233. [PMID: 38497307 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00665h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
This study delves into the pH-dependent effects on the excited-state behavior of crocin, a hydrophilic carotenoid with diverse functions in biological systems. Steady-state spectroscopy demonstrates notable changes in absorption and fluorescence spectra, characterized by a pH-dependent blue shift and altered resolution of vibrational bands. Transient absorption spectra further elucidate these effects, highlighting a significant blue shift in the S1-Sn peak with increasing pH. Detailed kinetic analysis shows the pH-dependent dynamics of crocin's excited states. At pH 11, a shortening of effective conjugation is observed, resulting in a prolonged S1/ICT lifetime. Conversely, at pH 9, our data suggest a more complex scenario, suggesting the presence of two distinct crocin species with different relaxation patterns. This implies structural alterations within the crocin molecule, potentially linked to the deprotonation of hydroxyl groups in crocin and/or saponification at high pH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emrah Özcan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Ivana Šímová
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - David Bína
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Litvín
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Biology Centre, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Laboratory of Plant Biophysics and Biochemistry, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Polívka
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Caparello G, Groccia GD, Ceraudo F, Cesario M, Bonofiglio R, Augimeri G, Bonofiglio D. Association between Skin Carotenoid Score Measured with Veggie Meter ® and Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet among Adolescents from Southern Italy. Nutrients 2023; 15:4920. [PMID: 38068778 PMCID: PMC10707776 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The Veggie Meter® (Longevity Link Corporation, Salt Lake City, UT, USA), is a new portable device for the non-invasive and rapid detection of skin carotenoid content, which represents an acceptable biomarker for the evaluation of fruit and vegetable (FV) intake. FVs are important components of a healthy diet, including the Mediterranean Diet (MD), which is a plant-based dietary pattern. Here, we evaluated the adherence to the MD via the administration of two online food questionnaires, and we measured the skin carotenoid content using the Veggie Meter® in a cohort of 498 healthy adolescents (233 males and 265 females) from Southern Italy. Using KIDMED and the MD Pyramid tests to assess the adherence to the MD, we found an average adherence (5.43 ± 2.57 and 7.20 ± 1.93, respectively) to the MD in our sample population. Moreover, we observed that the skin carotenoid score was 364.75 ± 98.29, which was within the normal range and inversely related to the BMI (r = -0.1461, p = 0.0011). Similar results were observed when the population was categorized by sex. Interestingly, we demonstrated, for the first time, a positive correlation between the carotenoid score and the adherence to the MD assessed using both the KIDMED and MD Pyramid tests in the total population (r = -0.2926, p < 0.0001 and r = -0.1882, p < 0.0001, respectively). The same direct correlation was found in adolescents according to their sex. Our findings highlight the potential of the Veggie Meter® as a feasible and promising tool for evaluating adherence to the MD and, ultimately, to promote healthy eating habits among adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Caparello
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Giovanni Dongionny Groccia
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Fabrizio Ceraudo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Mirko Cesario
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Renzo Bonofiglio
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplantation, “Kidney and Transplantation” Research Centre, Annunziata Hospital, 87100 Cosenza, Italy;
| | - Giuseppina Augimeri
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
| | - Daniela Bonofiglio
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy; (G.C.); (G.D.G.); (F.C.); (M.C.); (G.A.)
- Centro Sanitario, University of Calabria, Arcavacata di Rende, 87036 Cosenza, Italy
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3
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Dansou DM, Zhang H, Yu Y, Wang H, Tang C, Zhao Q, Qin Y, Zhang J. Carotenoid enrichment in eggs: From biochemistry perspective. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 14:315-333. [PMID: 37635928 PMCID: PMC10448277 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of safe and functional eggs for consumer acceptance has gained focus. The production of carotenoid-enriched eggs has received attention due to its multifunctional biological properties. Nutritional modification of laying hens' diet can be a strategy to produce such eggs. This review presents the chemistry of carotenoids in nature and eggs, the accumulation process of carotenoids into eggs, and the functions of carotenoids in eggs. Our findings showed that carotenoids can be deposited into the egg and contribute to improving its nutritive value. The biosynthesis, chemical structure, and metabolism pathways of carotenoids lead to the deposition of carotenoids into eggs in their original or metabolized forms. Also, some factors modulate the efficiency of carotenoids in fowls before accumulation into eggs. Carotenoid-enriched eggs may be promising, ensuring the availability of highly nutritive eggs. However, further studies are still needed to comprehend the full metabolism process and the extensive functions of carotenoids in eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieudonné M. Dansou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Huiyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yanan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Chaohua Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yuchang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Junmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
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Yaver E, Bilgiçli N. Effect of ultrasound-accelerated debittering method on total alkaloid and total carotenoid content of lupin seeds (Lupinus albus L.) and storage stability of thermally treated lupin flours. JOURNAL OF FOOD MEASUREMENT AND CHARACTERIZATION 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11694-023-01870-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2023]
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de Oliveira LMG, Carreira RB, de Oliveira JVR, do Nascimento RP, Dos Santos Souza C, Trias E, da Silva VDA, Costa SL. Impact of Plant-Derived Compounds on Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Neurotox Res 2023; 41:288-309. [PMID: 36800114 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-022-00632-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal illness characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration. Conventional therapies for ALS are based on treatment of symptoms, and the disease remains incurable. Molecular mechanisms are unclear, but studies have been pointing to involvement of glia, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and glutamate excitotoxicity as a key factor. Nowadays, we have few treatments for this disease that only delays death, but also does not stop the neurodegenerative process. These treatments are based on glutamate blockage (riluzole), tyrosine kinase inhibition (masitinib), and antioxidant activity (edaravone). In the past few years, plant-derived compounds have been studied for neurodegenerative disorder therapies based on neuroprotection and glial cell response. In this review, we describe mechanisms of action of natural compounds associated with neuroprotective effects, and the possibilities for new therapeutic strategies in ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Matheus Gonçalves de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo Barreto Carreira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Juciele Valeria Ribeiro de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Ravena Pereira do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil
| | - Cleide Dos Santos Souza
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience (SITraN), University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Victor Diogenes Amaral da Silva
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
| | - Silvia Lima Costa
- Laboratory of Neurochemistry and Cell Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Institute of Health Sciences, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, 40110-100, Brazil.
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Piepiórka-Stepuk J, Wojtasik-Kalinowska I, Sterczyńska M, Mierzejewska S, Stachnik M, Jakubowski M. The effect of heat treatment on bioactive compounds and color of selected pumpkin cultivars. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2023.114469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Microalgae as a Source of Valuable Phenolic Compounds and Carotenoids. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248852. [PMID: 36557985 PMCID: PMC9783697 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae are photosynthetic, eukaryotic organisms that are widely used in the industry as cell factories to produce valuable substances, such as fatty acids (polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)), sterols (sitosterol), recombinant therapeutic proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, phenolic compounds (gallic acid, quercetin), and pigments (β-carotene, astaxanthin, lutein). Phenolic compounds and carotenoids, including those extracted from microalgae, possess beneficial bioactivities such as antioxidant capacity, antimicrobial and immunomodulatory activities, and direct health-promoting effects, which may alleviate oxidative stress and age-related diseases, including cardiovascular diseases or diabetes. The production of valuable microalgal metabolites can be modified by using abiotic stressors, such as light, salinity, nutrient availability, and xenobiotics (for instance, phytohormones).
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Pasquariello R, Anipchenko P, Pennarossa G, Crociati M, Zerani M, Brevini TA, Gandolfi F, Maranesi M. Carotenoids in female and male reproduction. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113459. [PMID: 36183866 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids are among the best-known pigments in nature, confer color to plants and animals, and are mainly derived from photosynthetic bacteria, fungi, algae, plants. Mammals cannot synthesize carotenoids. Carotenoids' source is only alimentary and after their assumption, they are mainly converted in retinal, retinol and retinoic acid, collectively known also as pro-vitamins and vitamin A, which play an essential role in tissue growth and regulate different aspects of the reproductive functions. However, their mechanisms of action and potential therapeutic effects are still unclear. This review aims to clarify the role of carotenoids in the male and female reproductive functions in species of veterinary interest. In female, carotenoids and their derivatives regulate not only folliculogenesis and oogenesis but also steroidogenesis. Moreover, they improve fertility by decreasing the risk of embryonic mortality. In male, retinol and retinoic acids activate molecular pathways related to spermatogenesis. Deficiencies of these vitamins have been correlated with degeneration of testis parenchyma with consequent absence of the mature sperm. Carotenoids have also been considered anti-antioxidants as they ameliorate the effect of free radicals. The mechanisms of action seem to be exerted by activating Kit and Stra8 pathways in both female and male. In conclusion, carotenoids have potentially beneficial effects for ameliorating ovarian and testes function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Pasquariello
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Polina Anipchenko
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Georgia Pennarossa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy.
| | - Martina Crociati
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy; Centre for Perinatal and Reproductive Medicine, University of Perugia, 06129, Perugia, Italy
| | - Massimo Zerani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Tiziana Al Brevini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 26900, Lodi, Italy
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università Degli Studi di Milano, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Margherita Maranesi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Perugia, Via S. Costanzo 4, 06126, Perugia, Italy
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Plant Antioxidants in Dry Fermented Meat Products with a Healthier Lipid Profile. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223558. [PMID: 36429150 PMCID: PMC9689944 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumers' perception of meat products has changed in recent years, which has led to an increased interest in healthier meat products. In response to this demand, academia and industry have made efforts to reformulate meat products, especially dry fermented meat products, which are known for their high fat contents, mainly saturated fat. The use of plant or marine oils stabilized in emulsion gels (EGs) or oil-bulking agents (OBAs) as animal fat replacers has been one of the most advantageous strategies to reformulate dry fermented meat products with a healthier lipid content (quality and quantity), but an increase in their polyunsaturated fatty acid content can trigger a significant increase in lipid oxidation, negatively affecting sensory and nutritional quality. The use of antioxidants is the main strategy to delay this deteriorative reaction, but the controversy around the safety and toxicity of synthetic antioxidants has driven consumers and industry toward the use of plant antioxidants, such as phenolic compounds, carotenoids, and some vitamins and minerals. This review provides information about the use of plant antioxidants to control lipid oxidation of dry fermented meat products with healthier lipids.
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Nanoscale Delivery Systems of Lutein: An Updated Review from a Pharmaceutical Perspective. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091852. [PMID: 36145601 PMCID: PMC9501598 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural lipid-soluble pigments that produce yellow to red colors in plants as well as providing bright coloration in vegetables and fruits. Lutein belongs to the xanthophyll subgroup of the carotenoid family, which plays an essential role in photosynthesis and photoprotection in nature. In the human body, lutein, together with its isomer zeaxanthin and its metabolite meso-zeaxanthin, accumulates in the macula of the eye retina, which is responsible for central, high-resolution, and color vision. As a bioactive phytochemical, lutein has essential physiological functions, providing photoprotection against damaging blue light, along with the neutralization of oxidants and the preservation of the structural and functional integrity of cellular membranes. As a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent, lutein unfortunately has a low bioavailability because of its lipophilicity and a low stability as a result of its conjugated double bonds. In order to enhance lutein stability and bioavailability and achieve its controlled delivery to a target, nanoscale delivery systems, which have great potential for the delivery of bioactive compounds, are starting to be employed. The current review highlights the advantages and innovations associated with incorporating lutein within promising nanoscale delivery systems, such as liposomes, nanoemulsions, polymer nanoparticles, and polymer–lipid hybrid nanoparticles, as well as their unique physiochemical properties.
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Jalali-Jivan M, Rostamabadi H, Assadpour E, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Alizadeh-Sani M, Kharazmi MS, Jafari SM. Recent progresses in the delivery of β-carotene: From nano/microencapsulation to bioaccessibility. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 307:102750. [PMID: 35987014 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Beta-carotene (BC) as an efficient pro-vitamin is effective in improving vision, immune system and cognitive function as well as preventing coronary diseases and cancer. However, besides its poor chemical stability, the high lipophilic nature of BC reduces its dispersibility and consequently bioavailability which limits its application into food, pharmaceutical and nutraceuticals. Different carriers with vesicular or particulate structures have been studied and utilized for promoting BC solubility, dispersibility, and protection against diverse operational or environmental stresses and also controlling BC release and subsequent bioaccessibility. The current study, therefore reviews different micro/nanocarriers reported on BC encapsulation with special focusing on its bioavailability. Liposomal structures have been successfully used for enhancing BC stability and bioavailability. Besides, emulsion-based carriers including Pickering emulsions, nanoemulsions and microemulsions have been widely evaluated for BC encapsulation and protection. In addition, lipid-based nanoparticles and nanostructural carriers have also been applied successfully for this context. Moreover, gel structures including emulgels, hydrogels and oleogels are studied in some researches. Most of these delivery systems led to higher hydro-solubility and dispersibility of BC which consequently increased its bioavailability; thereupon could promote its application into food, cosmetic and nutraceutical products. However, for remarkable incorporation of BC and other bioactive compounds into edible products, the safety and toxicological aspects of these delivery system especially those designed in nano scale should be addressed in the further researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Jalali-Jivan
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
| | - Hadis Rostamabadi
- Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 81746-73461, Iran
| | - Elham Assadpour
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Analytical and Food Chemistry Department. Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, 34303, Halkali, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmood Alizadeh-Sani
- Division of Food Safety and Hygiene, Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran; Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Science, E-32004 Ourense, Spain; College of Food Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, China.
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12
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McClements DJ, Öztürk B. Utilization of Nanotechnology to Improve the Application and Bioavailability of Phytochemicals Derived from Waste Streams. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2022; 70:6884-6900. [PMID: 33787251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c03020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Phytochemicals are relatively small molecular species found in edible plants that may exhibit a diverse range of techno- and biofunctional attributes. In particular, there has been great interest in the identification, isolation, and utilization of dietary phytochemicals that can be used as natural pigments, antioxidants, or antimicrobials or that may improve human health and wellbeing by preventing chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, and cancer. Relatively high levels of these phytochemicals are often present in the waste streams produced by the food and agriculture industry, such as the peels, stems, roots, or leaves of plants, that are normally discarded or turned into animal foods. From an economic and environmental perspective, it would be advantageous to convert these waste streams into value-added functional ingredients, which is consistent with the creation of a more circular economy. Bioactive phytochemicals can be isolated from agricultural and food waste streams using green extraction methods and then incorporated into plant-based functional foods or biodegradable active packaging materials. The utilization of phytochemicals in the food industry is often challenging. They may chemically degrade in the presence of light, heat, oxygen, and some pH conditions, thereby altering their biological activity. They may have low solubility in aqueous solutions and gastrointestinal fluids, thereby making them difficult to introduce into foods and leading to a low bioavailability. These challenges can sometimes be overcome using nanoencapsulation, which involves trapping the phytochemicals inside tiny food-grade particles. These nanoparticles may be assembled from edible lipids, proteins, carbohydrates, and/or surfactants and include nanoemulsions, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanoliposomes, and biopolymer nanoparticles. In this manuscript, we review a number of important phytochemicals and nanoencapsulation methods used to improve their efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Julian McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Food Science & Bioengineering, Zhejiang Gongshang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310018, China
| | - Bengü Öztürk
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey
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Souza CS, Daood H, Duah SA, Vinogradov S, Palotás G, Neményi A, Helyes L, Pék Z. Stability of carotenoids, carotenoid esters, tocopherols and capsaicinoids in new chili pepper hybrids during natural and thermal drying. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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14
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Saini RK, Prasad P, Lokesh V, Shang X, Shin J, Keum YS, Lee JH. Carotenoids: Dietary Sources, Extraction, Encapsulation, Bioavailability, and Health Benefits-A Review of Recent Advancements. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:795. [PMID: 35453480 PMCID: PMC9025559 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 37.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Natural carotenoids (CARs), viz. β-carotene, lutein, astaxanthin, bixin, norbixin, capsanthin, lycopene, canthaxanthin, β-Apo-8-carotenal, zeaxanthin, and β-apo-8-carotenal-ester, are being studied as potential candidates in fields such as food, feed, nutraceuticals, and cosmeceuticals. CAR research is advancing in the following three major fields: (1) CAR production from natural sources and optimization of its downstream processing; (2) encapsulation for enhanced physical and chemical properties; and (3) preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies of CARs' health benefits. This review critically discusses the recent developments in studies of the chemistry and antioxidant activity, marketing trends, dietary sources, extraction, bioaccessibility and bioavailability, encapsulation methods, dietary intake, and health benefits of CARs. Preclinical, clinical, and epidemiological studies on cancer, obesity, type 2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases (CVD), osteoporosis, neurodegenerative disease, mental health, eye, and skin health are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.K.S.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Parchuri Prasad
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA;
| | - Veeresh Lokesh
- Biocontrol Laboratory, University of Horticultural Sciences, Bagalkote 587104, India;
| | - Xiaomin Shang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Nutrition and Functional Food, Jilin University, Changchun 130062, China;
| | - Juhyun Shin
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea;
| | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.K.S.); (Y.-S.K.)
| | - Ji-Ho Lee
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (R.K.S.); (Y.-S.K.)
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15
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Zhao P, Chu L, Wang K, Zhao B, Li Y, Yang K, Wan P. Analyses on the pigment composition of different seed coat colors in adzuki bean. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:2611-2619. [PMID: 35959271 PMCID: PMC9361439 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Seed coat color is an important quality and domestication trait. The adzuki bean has more than a dozen seed coat colors closely associated with the anthocyanin and flavonoid metabolism pathways. In this study, we explored the pigment composition of 10 different seed coat color adzuki beans including red, black mottle on red, black mottle on gray, golden, green, black, ivory, brown, and light brown. The results showed that anthocyanins are the main pigment in adzuki bean seed coat. There were no carotenoid or pelargonidin derivatives in the seed coats of any accessions. Different colors of adzuki bean seed coat have different pigment compositions and the combination of procyanidins and anthocyanins affected seed coat color. The ivory seed coat had an extremely low proanthocyanidin and anthocyanin content. Only the green adzuki bean seed coats contained chlorophyll. Our results explain the pigment composition of the different seed coat colors and the combination of proanthocyanidins and anthocyanins affected seed coat color in adzuki bean. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the study of adzuki bean coloring mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Liwei Chu
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
- Institute of Modern Agricultural Research Dalian University Liaoning China
| | - Kaili Wang
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Bo Zhao
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Yisong Li
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North) of Ministry of Agriculture College of Bioscience and Resource Environment Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Kai Yang
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
| | - Ping Wan
- Key Laboratory of New Technology in Agricultural Application College of Plant Science and Technology Beijing University of Agriculture Beijing China
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16
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Joo H, Hwang J, Kim JY, Park S, Kim H, Kwon O. Association of Plasma Carotenoid and Malondialdehyde Levels with Physical Performance in Korean Adolescents. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19074296. [PMID: 35409979 PMCID: PMC8998767 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19074296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Increased oxidative stress has been shown to lead to muscle damage and reduced physical performance. The antioxidant mechanism is most likely to reduce these relationships, but in the context of the action of carotenoids, more research is needed. This study aimed to investigate whether carotenoids modify the association between plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and physical performance in Korean adolescents. The study sample consisted of 381 adolescents (164 boys, 217 girls) aged 13–18, who participated in the 2018 National Fitness Award Project. We quantified α-carotene, β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lutein, zeaxanthin, lycopene, and MDA levels in plasma using HPLC with photodiode array detection. Among boys but not girls, plasma MDA level was negatively associated (β = −0.279, p = 0.0030) with total plasma carotenoid levels and marginally negatively associated (β = −0.907, p = 0.0876) with absolute hand grip strength. After adjustment for covariates in boys, the MDA level was negatively associated with absolute hand grip strength and relative hand grip strength; this association was observed only in groups with individual carotenoid and total carotenoid values below the median. These findings support a significant association between plasma MDA level and hand grip strength, and this association has been potentially modified by plasma levels of carotenoids in Korean male adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heeyeon Joo
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.J.); (J.H.)
| | - Jiyoung Hwang
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.J.); (J.H.)
| | - Ji Yeon Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Seoul National University of Science and Technology, Seoul 01811, Korea;
| | - Saejong Park
- Department of Sport Science, Korea Institute of Sport Science, Seoul 01794, Korea;
| | - Hyesook Kim
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.J.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (O.K.); Tel./Fax: +82-2-3277-6860 (O.K.)
| | - Oran Kwon
- Graduate Program in System Health Science and Engineering, Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; (H.J.); (J.H.)
- Correspondence: (H.K.); (O.K.); Tel./Fax: +82-2-3277-6860 (O.K.)
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17
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Zhao X, Liang K, Zhu H. Carotenoids in Cereals and Related Foodstuffs: A Review of Extraction and Analysis Methods. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2022.2027438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Kehong Liang
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Food Monitoring and Evaluation Center, Institute of Food and Nutrition Development, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
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18
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Haeri F, Nouri M, Nezamoleslami S, Moradi A, Ghiasvand R. Role of dietary antioxidants and vitamins intake in semen quality parameters: A cross-sectional study. Clin Nutr ESPEN 2022; 48:434-440. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Łukowski A, Jagiełło R, Robakowski P, Adamczyk D, Karolewski P. Adaptation of a simple method to determine the total terpenoid content in needles of coniferous trees. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 314:111090. [PMID: 34895553 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.111090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In ecological research, quantitative methods are often used to measure the total content of metabolites groups (i.e., phenols, carbohydrates). Until recently, there has been no simple and effective method to determine the total terpenoid content with satisfactory repeatability and sensitivity. The procedure proposed by Ghorai et al. (2012) requires the use of fresh plant material. That may be problematic when experimental units are located far from a laboratory. Our goals were to optimize the procedure, and to find the threshold of misestimation using the procedure adjusted to work with dried material. Needles of Pinus sylvestris were used to test the effect of changes in drying, grinding, storage, and extraction on determined total terpenoid content. All applied changes in material storage and grinding decreased the quantity of the terpenoids in needles. Only air-dried and ball-milled material produced similar results to those obtained with fresh material - can be recommended if the fresh material unattainable. Air-dried material may be stored for up to three months, but it resulted in greater variation and then greater sample size is needed. Lower sample mass and solvent volume have no impact on accuracy. Shorter extraction time, oven-drying or microwaving leads to unreliability of measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Łukowski
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland; Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Radosław Jagiełło
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Piotr Robakowski
- Faculty of Forestry and Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71c, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Dawid Adamczyk
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
| | - Piotr Karolewski
- Institute of Dendrology, Polish Academy of Sciences, Parkowa 5, 62-035, Kórnik, Poland
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Demirci-Çekiç S, Özkan G, Avan AN, Uzunboy S, Çapanoğlu E, Apak R. Biomarkers of Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Defense. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2021; 209:114477. [PMID: 34920302 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A number of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are produced during normal metabolism in human body. These species can be both radical and non-radical and have varying degrees of reactivity. Although they have some important functions in the human body, such as contributing to signal transmission and the immune system, their presence must be balanced by the antioxidant defense system. The human body has an excellent intrinsic enzymatic antioxidant system in addition to different non-enzymatic antioxidants having small molecular masses. An extrinsic source of antioxidants are foodstuffs such as fruits, vegetables, herbs and spices, mostly rich in polyphenols. When the delicate biochemical balance between oxidants and antioxidants is disturbed in favor of oxidants, "oxidative stress" conditions emerge, under which reactive species can cause oxidative damage to biomacromolecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and DNA. This oxidative damage is often associated with cancer, aging, and neurodegenerative disorders. Because reactive species are extremely short-lived, it is almost impossible to measure their concentrations directly. Although there are certain methods such as ESR / EPR that serve this purpose, they have some disadvantages and are quite costly systems. Therefore, products generated from oxidative damage of proteins, lipids and DNA are often used to quantify the extent of oxidative damage rather than direct measurement of reactive species. These oxidative damage products are usually known as biomarkers. Determination of the concentrations of these biomarkers and changes in the concentration of protective antioxidants can provide useful information for avoiding certain diseases and keep healthy conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sema Demirci-Çekiç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gülay Özkan
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Aslı Neslihan Avan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Uzunboy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Çapanoğlu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical Uviversity, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa, Avcilar, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Vedat Dalokay St. No. 112, Cankaya, 06670 Ankara, Turkey.
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21
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An Updated Comprehensive Review on Vitamin A and Carotenoids in Breast Cancer: Mechanisms, Genetics, Assessment, Current Evidence, and Future Clinical Implications. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13093162. [PMID: 34579037 PMCID: PMC8465379 DOI: 10.3390/nu13093162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin A and carotenoids are fat-soluble micronutrients that play important role as powerful antioxidants modulating oxidative stress and cancer development. Breast cancer is the most common malignancy in women. As the risk of breast cancer is dependent on various lifestyle factors such as dietary modifications, there is increasing interest surrounding the anti-cancerous properties of vitamin A and carotenoids. Despite the suggested protective roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development, their clinical application for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer is limited. In this narrative review, we discuss the roles of vitamin A and carotenoids along with the evaluation method of vitamin A status. We also exhibit the association of genetic variations involved in metabolism of vitamin A and carotenoids with cancers and other diseases. We demonstrate the epidemiological evidence for the relationship of vitamin A and carotenoids with breast cancer risk, their effects on cancer mechanism, and the recent updates in clinical practice of vitamin A or carotenoids as a potential therapeutic agent against breast cancer. This review provides insight into the preventive and therapeutic roles of vitamin A and carotenoids in breast cancer development and progression.
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22
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Zerouki C, Bensalah F, Kuittinen S, Pappinen A, Turunen O. Whole-genome sequencing of two Streptomyces strains isolated from the sand dunes of Sahara. BMC Genomics 2021; 22:578. [PMID: 34315408 PMCID: PMC8317367 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-021-07866-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sahara is one of the largest deserts in the world. The harsh climatic conditions, especially high temperature and aridity lead to unique adaptation of organisms, which could be a potential source of new metabolites. In this respect, two Saharan soils from El Oued Souf and Beni Abbes in Algeria were collected. The bacterial isolates were selected by screening for antibacterial, antifungal, and enzymatic activities. The whole genomes of the two native Saharan strains were sequenced to study desert Streptomyces microbiology and ecology from a genomic perspective. RESULTS Strains Babs14 (from Beni Abbes, Algeria) and Osf17 (from El Oued Souf, Algeria) were initially identified by 16S rRNA sequencing as belonging to the Streptomyces genus. The whole genome sequencing of the two strains was performed using Pacific Biosciences Sequel II technology (PacBio), which showed that Babs14 and Osf17 have a linear chromosome of 8.00 Mb and 7.97 Mb, respectively. The number of identified protein coding genes was 6910 in Babs14 and 6894 in Osf17. No plasmids were found in Babs14, whereas three plasmids were detected in Osf17. Although the strains have different phenotypes and are from different regions, they showed very high similarities at the DNA level. The two strains are more similar to each other than either is to the closest database strain. The search for potential secondary metabolites was performed using antiSMASH and predicted 29 biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Several BGCs and proteins were related to the biosynthesis of factors needed in response to environmental stress in temperature, UV light and osmolarity. CONCLUSION The genome sequencing of Saharan Streptomyces strains revealed factors that are related to their adaptation to an extreme environment and stress conditions. The genome information provides tools to study ecological adaptation in a desert environment and to explore the bioactive compounds of these microorganisms. The two whole genome sequences are among the first to be sequenced for the Streptomyces genus of Algerian Sahara. The present research was undertaken as a first step to more profoundly explore the desert microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chahira Zerouki
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland.
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Biology, University ORAN 1, 31000, Oran, Algeria.
| | - Farid Bensalah
- Laboratory of Microbial Genetics, Department of Biology, University ORAN 1, 31000, Oran, Algeria
| | - Suvi Kuittinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ari Pappinen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Ossi Turunen
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, FI-80101, Joensuu, Finland
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23
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Swapnil P, Meena M, Singh SK, Dhuldhaj UP, Harish, Marwal A. Vital roles of carotenoids in plants and humans to deteriorate stress with its structure, biosynthesis, metabolic engineering and functional aspects. CURRENT PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 26:100203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cpb.2021.100203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
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Fernández-Marín B, Roach T, Verhoeven A, García-Plazaola JI. Shedding light on the dark side of xanthophyll cycles. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 230:1336-1344. [PMID: 33452715 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Xanthophyll cycles are broadly important in photoprotection, and the reversible de-epoxidation of xanthophylls typically occurs in excess light conditions. However, as presented in this review, compiling evidence in a wide range of photosynthetic eukaryotes shows that xanthophyll de-epoxidation also occurs under diverse abiotic stress conditions in darkness. Light-driven photochemistry usually leads to the pH changes that activate de-epoxidases (e.g. violaxanthin de-epoxidase), but in darkness alternative electron transport pathways and luminal domains enriched in monogalactosyl diacyl glycerol (which enhance de-epoxidase activity) likely enable de-epoxidation. Another 'dark side' to sustaining xanthophyll de-epoxidation is inactivation and/or degradation of epoxidases (e.g. zeaxanthin epoxidase). There are obvious benefits of such activity regarding stress tolerance, and indeed this phenomenon has only been reported in stressful conditions. However, more research is required to unravel the mechanisms and understand the physiological roles of dark-induced formation of zeaxanthin. Notably, the de-epoxidation of violaxanthin to antheraxanthin and zeaxanthin in darkness is still a frequently ignored process, perhaps because it questions a previous paradigm. With that in mind, this review seeks to shed some light on the dark side of xanthophyll de-epoxidation, and point out areas for future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Fernández-Marín
- Department of Botany, Ecology and Plant Physiology, University of La Laguna (ULL), Tenerife, 38200, Spain
| | - Thomas Roach
- Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), Sternwartestrasse 15, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria
| | - Amy Verhoeven
- Department of Biology, University of St Thomas, 2115 Summit Ave, St Paul, MN, 55105, USA
| | - José Ignacio García-Plazaola
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Barrio Sarriena s/n, Leioa, 48940, Spain
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25
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Duy LX, Toan TQ, Anh DV, Hung NP, Huong TTT, Long PQ, Dat NM, Le DTT, Pham DTN, Nhan NPT, Manh DV. Optimization of canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of Paracoccus carotinifacuens VTP20181 bacteria strain isolated in Vietnam. FOODS AND RAW MATERIALS 2021. [DOI: 10.21603/2308-4057-2021-1-117-125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. The bacterium strain Paracoccus carotinifaciens VTP20181 isolated in Vietnam produces canthaxanthin, a carotenoid widely used in the food and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this work was to determine optimal parameters for canthaxanthin extraction from fermented biomass of P. carotinifaciens VTP20181.
Study objects and methods. First, a series of single factor investigations were carried out in regard to maximal carotenoid content in the biomass extract obtained by using ultrasonic waves. Four parameters of the extraction process, such as extraction temperature, solvent/material ratio, extraction time, and ultrasonic output power, were studied. The obtained results were then optimized by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design.
Results and discussion. The optimal technological parameters of the extraction process included extraction temperature of 35°C, solvent/material ratio of 9.5:1 (v/w), extraction time of 90 min, and ultrasonic output power of 145 W. Under optimal conditions, canthaxanthin and total carotenoid contents were determined as 14.95 ± 0.12 and 18.21 ± 0.11 mg/g respectively, which were compatible with theoretical calculations ‒ 15.074 and 18.263 mg/g, respectively.
Conclusion. Current results confirmed that the strain of halophilic P. carotinifaciens VTP20181 is a potential source for canthaxanthin biosynthesis.
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Marcelino G, Machate DJ, Freitas KDC, Hiane PA, Maldonade IR, Pott A, Asato MA, Candido CJ, Guimarães RDCA. β-Carotene: Preventive Role for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Obesity: A Review. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25245803. [PMID: 33316948 PMCID: PMC7763535 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25245803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are vital antioxidants for plants and animals. They protect cells from oxidative events and act against the inflammatory process and carcinogenesis. Among the most abundant carotenoids in human and foods is β-carotene. This carotenoid has the highest level of provitamin A activity, as it splits into two molecules of retinol through the actions of the cytosolic enzymes: β-carotene-15,15′-monooxygenase (β-carotene-15,15′-oxygenase 1) and β-carotene-9′,10′-dioxygenase (β-carotene-9′,10′-oxygenase 2). The literature supports the idea that β-carotene acts against type 2 diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. Due to the many processes involved in β-carotene biosynthesis and metabolic function, little is known about such components, since many mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, our study concisely described the relationships between the consumption of carotenoids, with emphasis on β-carotene, and obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated parameters in order to understand the preventive role of carotenoids better and encourage their consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Marcelino
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (P.A.H.); (C.J.C.); (R.d.C.A.G.)
| | - David Johane Machate
- Group of Spectroscopy and Bioinformatics Applied Biodiversity and Health (GEBABS), Graduate Program in Science of Materials, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Karine de Cássia Freitas
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (P.A.H.); (C.J.C.); (R.d.C.A.G.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Priscila Aiko Hiane
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (P.A.H.); (C.J.C.); (R.d.C.A.G.)
| | - Iriani Rodrigues Maldonade
- Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (Embrapa Vegetables), Brasília 70275-970, Brazil;
| | - Arnildo Pott
- Laboratory of Botany, Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Marcel Arakaki Asato
- Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil;
| | - Camila Jordão Candido
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (P.A.H.); (C.J.C.); (R.d.C.A.G.)
| | - Rita de Cássia Avellaneda Guimarães
- Post Graduate Program in Health and Development in the Central-West Region of Brazil, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil; (G.M.); (P.A.H.); (C.J.C.); (R.d.C.A.G.)
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Johra FT, Bepari AK, Bristy AT, Reza HM. A Mechanistic Review of β-Carotene, Lutein, and Zeaxanthin in Eye Health and Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:E1046. [PMID: 33114699 PMCID: PMC7692753 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9111046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are natural lipid-soluble antioxidants abundantly found as colorful pigments in fruits and vegetables. At least 600 carotenoids occur naturally, although about 20 of them, including β-carotene, α-carotene, lycopene, lutein, zeaxanthin, meso-zeaxanthin, and cryptoxanthin, are detectable in the human blood. They have distinct physiological and pathophysiological functions ranging from fetal development to adult homeostasis. β-carotene is a precursor of vitamin A that essentially functions in many biological processes including vision. The human macula lutea and eye lens are rich in lutein, zeaxanthin, and meso-zeaxanthin, collectively known as macular xanthophylls, which help maintain eye health and prevent ophthalmic diseases. Ocular carotenoids absorb light from the visible region (400-500 nm wavelength), enabling them to protect the retina and lens from potential photochemical damage induced by light exposure. These natural antioxidants also aid in quenching free radicals produced by complex physiological reactions and, consequently, protect the eye from oxidative stress, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, and inflammation. This review discusses the protective mechanisms of macular xanthophylls in preventing eye diseases such as cataract, age-related macular degeneration, and diabetic retinopathy. Moreover, some preclinical animal studies and some clinical trials are discussed briefly to understand carotenoid safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Hasan Mahmud Reza
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Health and Life Sciences, North South University, Bashundhara R/A, Dhaka 1229, Bangladesh; (F.T.J.); (A.K.B.); (A.T.B.)
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28
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Huang K, Nitin N. Food-Grade Microscale Dispersion Enhances UV Stability and Antimicrobial Activity of a Model Bacteriophage (T7) for Reducing Bacterial Contamination ( Escherichia coli) on the Plant Surface. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:10920-10927. [PMID: 32845633 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c02795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To reduce the use of conventional chemical pesticides, naturally occurring biopesticides such as bacteriophages have emerged as a promising solution, but effectiveness of these biopesticides can be limited because of their UV and desiccation instability. This study developed a biopolymer formulation to improve the phage stability, enhance the antimicrobial activity of phages, and prevent bacterial contaminations on a leaf surface in the presence of UV-A. The mixture of microscale polydopamine (PDA) particles with whey protein isolate (WPI)-glycerol formulation was effective for enhancing the stability of T7 phages in spraying solution and on a model leaf surface during 4 h exposure to UV-A and 1 h exposure to the simulated sunlight, respectively. The T7 phages incorporated with the biopolymer formulation effectively improved the antimicrobial activity of phages, as exhibited by greater than 2.8 log reduction in model bacteria Escherichia coli BL21 and also illustrated by significant potential of this formulation to prevent bacterial contamination and colonization of the plant surface. In summary, this study illustrates that phages combined with a biopolymer formulation can be an effective approach for a field deployable biocontrol solution of bacterial contamination in the agricultural environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Nitin Nitin
- Department of Food Science and Technology, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California-Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
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Sharpe RM, Williamson-Benavides B, Edwards GE, Dhingra A. Methods of analysis of chloroplast genomes of C 3, Kranz type C 4 and Single Cell C 4 photosynthetic members of Chenopodiaceae. PLANT METHODS 2020; 16:119. [PMID: 32874195 PMCID: PMC7457496 DOI: 10.1186/s13007-020-00662-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloroplast genome information is critical to understanding forms of photosynthesis in the plant kingdom. During the evolutionary process, plants have developed different photosynthetic strategies that are accompanied by complementary biochemical and anatomical features. Members of family Chenopodiaceae have species with C3 photosynthesis, and variations of C4 photosynthesis in which photorespiration is reduced by concentrating CO2 around Rubisco through dual coordinated functioning of dimorphic chloroplasts. Among dicots, the family has the largest number of C4 species, and greatest structural and biochemical diversity in forms of C4 including the canonical dual-cell Kranz anatomy, and the recently identified single cell C4 with the presence of dimorphic chloroplasts separated by a vacuole. This is the first comparative analysis of chloroplast genomes in species representative of photosynthetic types in the family. RESULTS Methodology with high throughput sequencing complemented with Sanger sequencing of selected loci provided high quality and complete chloroplast genomes of seven species in the family and one species in the closely related Amaranthaceae family, representing C3, Kranz type C4 and single cell C4 (SSC4) photosynthesis six of the eight chloroplast genomes are new, while two are improved versions of previously published genomes. The depth of coverage obtained using high-throughput sequencing complemented with targeted resequencing of certain loci enabled superior resolution of the border junctions, directionality and repeat region sequences. Comparison of the chloroplast genomes with previously sequenced plastid genomes revealed similar genome organization, gene order and content with a few revisions. High-quality complete chloroplast genome sequences resulted in correcting the orientation the LSC region of the published Bienertia sinuspersici chloroplast genome, identification of stop codons in the rpl23 gene in B. sinuspersici and B. cycloptera, and identifying an instance of IR expansion in the Haloxylon ammodendron inverted repeat sequence. The rare observation of a mitochondria-to-chloroplast inter-organellar gene transfer event was identified in family Chenopodiaceae. CONCLUSIONS This study reports complete chloroplast genomes from seven Chenopodiaceae and one Amaranthaceae species. The depth of coverage obtained using high-throughput sequencing complemented with targeted resequencing of certain loci enabled superior resolution of the border junctions, directionality, and repeat region sequences. Therefore, the use of high throughput and Sanger sequencing, in a hybrid method, reaffirms to be rapid, efficient, and reliable for chloroplast genome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Sharpe
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Bruce Williamson-Benavides
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
- Molecular Plants Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Gerald E. Edwards
- Molecular Plants Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
- School of Biological Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
| | - Amit Dhingra
- Department of Horticulture, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
- Molecular Plants Sciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164 USA
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Tanambell H, Bishop KS, Quek SY. Tangerine tomatoes: origin, biochemistry, potential health benefits and future prospects. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 61:2237-2248. [PMID: 32530292 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1775172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tomatoes and lycopene have been associated with the prevention of chronic diseases. Tetra-cis lycopene from tangerine tomatoes has been reported to be more bioavailable than the all-trans isomer found in red tomatoes. Therefore, tangerine tomatoes might contain superior health benefits compared to those of red tomatoes. SCOPE AND APPROACH This review focuses on the origin, biochemistry, nutritional composition, and potential health benefits of tangerine tomatoes, as well as their comparison with those of the red and high-β-carotene varieties. Information gathered from numerous studies on tomatoes, as well as conflicting perspectives, have been summarized to provide an unbiased review. KEY FINDINGS AND CONCLUSION The origin of tangerine tomatoes is disputable, but they were reportedly present from as early as 1934. The carotenoid biosynthesis pathway underlying the accumulation of tetra-cis lycopene in tangerine tomatoes has been well defined. However, the nutritional composition of tangerine tomatoes is not currently publicly available. The carotenoid composition of tangerine tomatoes is unique not only because of the presence of tetra-cis lycopene, but also due to the relatively high content of phytoene, phytofluene, ζ-carotene, and neurosporene relative to other tomato varieties. Although a few in vitro and in vivo studies have shown promising results, further studies are required to validate the health benefits of tangerine tomatoes. Furthermore, published data regarding the potential health benefits of tangerine tomatoes on cardiovascular and bone health is currently lacking even though red tomatoes have shown promise in these areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hartono Tanambell
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Karen Suzanne Bishop
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Discipline of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Siew Young Quek
- Food Science, School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Riddet Institute, New Zealand Centre of Research Excellence for Food Research, Palmerston North, New Zealand
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Valorization of melon fruit (Cucumis melo L.) by-products: Phytochemical and Biofunctional properties with Emphasis on Recent Trends and Advances. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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32
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Saini RK, Keum YS, Daglia M, Rengasamy KR. Dietary carotenoids in cancer chemoprevention and chemotherapy: A review of emerging evidence. Pharmacol Res 2020; 157:104830. [PMID: 32344050 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, natural products have reemerged as biotherapeutic options, with several dietary carotenoids, viz. astaxanthin, fucoxanthin, siphonaxanthin, β-cryptoxanthin, α-carotene, β-carotene, and lycopene, developing as potential candidates for chemoprevention and chemotherapeutics of breast, colorectal, lung, and prostate cancers. The potent cytotoxic and antiproliferative effects of carotenoids against various cancer cells are mediated by a wide range of molecular mechanisms modulating oxidative stress and redox balance, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) and other cellular signaling proteins, transcription factors, caspase cascade pathways of apoptosis, cell cycle progression and proliferation, angiogenesis, metastasis, gap junction intercellular communication (GJIC), and multidrug resistance (MDR). This review discusses recent evidence demonstrating the crucial roles of carotenoids in these cellular and molecular events of cancer cell cytotoxicity. In addition, recent case-control and cohort studies are discussed to support the potential role of carotenoids in cancer prevention and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; Institute of Natural Science and Agriculture, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea; Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Soo Keum
- Department of Crop Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Daglia
- Department of Drug Sciences, Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Technology Section, Pavia University, Viale Taramelli 12, Pavia, 27100, Italy
| | - Kannan Rr Rengasamy
- Department of Bioresources and Food Science, Konkuk University, Seoul 143-701, Republic of Korea.
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Miyashita K, Beppu F, Hosokawa M, Liu X, Wang S. Nutraceutical characteristics of the brown seaweed carotenoid fucoxanthin. Arch Biochem Biophys 2020; 686:108364. [PMID: 32315653 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2020.108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Fucoxanthin (Fx), a major carotenoid found in brown seaweed, is known to show a unique and wide variety of biological activities. Upon absorption, Fx is metabolized to fucoxanthinol and amarouciaxanthin, and these metabolites mainly accumulate in visceral white adipose tissue (WAT). As seen in other carotenoids, Fx can quench singlet oxygen and scavenge a wide range of free radicals. The antioxidant activity is related to the neuroprotective, photoprotective, and hepatoprotective effects of Fx. Fx is also reported to show anti-cancer activity through the regulation of several biomolecules and signaling pathways that are involved in either cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, or metastasis suppression. Among the biological activities of Fx, anti-obesity is the most well-studied and most promising effect. This effect is primarily based on the upregulation of thermogenesis by uncoupling protein 1 expression and the increase in the metabolic rate induced by mitochondrial activation. In addition, Fx shows anti-diabetic effects by improving insulin resistance and promoting glucose utilization in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuo Miyashita
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan.
| | - Fumiaki Beppu
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Masashi Hosokawa
- Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, 041-8611, Japan
| | - Xiaoyong Liu
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
| | - Shuzhou Wang
- Shandong Haizhibao Ocean Science and Technology Co., Ltd., Rongcheng City, 264300, China
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Therapeutic Effect of Seaweed Derived Xanthophyl Carotenoid on Obesity Management; Overview of the Last Decade. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072502. [PMID: 32260306 PMCID: PMC7177665 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Present-day lifestyles associated with high calorie-fat intake and accumulation, as well as energy imbalance, have led to the development of obesity and its comorbidities, which have emerged as some of the major health issues globally. To combat the disease, many studies have reported the anti-obesity effects of natural compounds in foods, with some advantages over chemical treatments. Carotenoids, such as xanthophyll derived from seaweeds, have attracted the attention of researchers due to their notable biological activities, which are associated mainly with their antioxidant properties. Their involvement in oxidative stress modulation, the regulation of major transcription factors and enzymes, and their antagonistic effects on various obesity parameters have been examined in both in vitro and in vivo studies. The present review is a collation of published research over the last decade on the antioxidant properties of seaweed xanthophyll carotenoids, with a focus on fucoxanthin and astaxanthin and their mechanisms of action in obesity prevention and treatment.
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Protection of β-Carotene from Chemical Degradation in Emulsion-Based Delivery Systems Using Scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) Gonad Protein Isolates. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-020-02429-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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36
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Han J, Zhang Z, Shang W, Yan J, Julian McClements D, Xiao H, Wu H, Zhu B. Modulation of physicochemical stability and bioaccessibility of β-carotene using alginate beads and emulsion stabilized by scallop (Patinopecten yessoensis) gonad protein isolates. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108875. [PMID: 32036913 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The colloidal delivery systems fabricated by emulsion containing natural proteins and lipids have been utilized to protect carotenoids as well as to release the carotenoids in the simulated in vitro gastrointestinal tract (GIT). In this study, β-carotene (BC) was embedded into emulsions that were stabilized by scallop gonad protein isolates (SGPIs), and the emulsion droplets containing BC were then entrapped into calcium-alginate beads. The results showed that the oil-in-water emulsions coated by SGPIs only showed good stability at pH 7-8, while the emulsion-alginate beads remained relatively intact at pH 3-8. BC encapsulated in emulsions was extremely unstable and prone to degradation when stored at the comparatively higher temperature (37 °C), whereas the stability of BC was greatly enhanced through incorporation into emulsion-alginate beads. The digestion rate and extent of lipid droplets constructed within SGPIs-stabilized emulsion-alginate beads were slower than that in emulsions during GIT. The confocal laser scanning microscopy revealed that the lipid droplets in emulsions were aggregated after exposure to the mouth and gastric phases, while the emulsion-alginate beads maintained their spherical shape after exposure to the oral and gastric phases. Moreover, the free lipid droplets in the emulsions showed a higher bioaccessibility of BC (66%) than that in the emulsion-alginate beads (38%), whereas the BC transformation was on the contrary. The findings in this study indicated that SGPIs-stabilized emulsion in alginate beads can potentially be utilized for the encapsulation and controlled release of lipophilic bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiarun Han
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Zipei Zhang
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Wenhui Shang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | - Jianan Yan
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China
| | | | - Hang Xiao
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, United States
| | - Haitao Wu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
| | - Beiwei Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Dalian Polytechnic University, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China; National Engineering Research Center of Seafood, Dalian, Liaoning 116034, China.
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Panwar D, Panesar PS, Chopra HK. Recent Trends on the Valorization Strategies for the Management of Citrus By-products. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1695834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Divyani Panwar
- Food Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Parmjit S. Panesar
- Food Biotechnology Research Laboratory, Department of Food Engineering and Technology, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
| | - Harish K. Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering and Technology, Longowal, India
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Neela S, Fanta SW. Review on nutritional composition of orange-fleshed sweet potato and its role in management of vitamin A deficiency. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1920-1945. [PMID: 31289641 PMCID: PMC6593376 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Revised: 03/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A wide variety of the roots and tubers plays a major role in human diet, animal feed, and industrial raw materials. Sweet potatoes (SPs) play an immense role in human diet and considered as second staple food in developed and underdeveloped countries. Moreover, SP production and management need low inputs compared to the other staple crops. The color of SP flesh varied from white, yellow, purple, and orange. Scientific studies reported the diversity in SP flesh color and connection with nutritional and sensory acceptability. Among all, orange-fleshed sweet potato (OFSP) has been attracting food technologists and nutritionists due to its high content of carotenoids and pleasant sensory characteristics with color. Researchers reported the encouraging health effects of OFSP intervention into the staple food currently practicing in countries such as Uganda, Mozambique, Kenya, and Nigeria. Scientific reviews on the OFSP nutritional composition and role in vitamin A management (VAM) are hardly available in the published literature. So, this review is conducted to address the detailed nutritional composition (proximate, mineral, carotenoids, vitamins, phenolic acids, and antioxidant properties), role in vitamin A deficiency (VAD) management, and different food products that can be made from OFSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satheesh Neela
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia
| | - Solomon W Fanta
- Faculty of Chemical and Food Engineering, Bahir Dar Institute of Technology Bahir Dar University Bahir Dar Ethiopia
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39
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Terán Hilares R, Dos Santos JG, Shiguematsu NB, Ahmed MA, da Silva SS, Santos JC. Low-pressure homogenization of tomato juice using hydrodynamic cavitation technology: Effects on physical properties and stability of bioactive compounds. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2019; 54:192-197. [PMID: 30765218 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2019.01.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC) technology, offers benefits in many processes, specifically due to its low operational cost and simple configuration. In the present work, physical properties, microbial quality and stability of bioactive compounds of HC-treated tomato juice were evaluated considering different processing conditions. Significant effects of the induced cavitation such as a reduction in particle size and an increase in the apparent viscosity were observed in the HC-treated samples. Moreover, the HC-treated tomato juice showed higher stability without sedimentation for 14 days compared to a sedimentation index of 68% observed in samples before treatment and control experiment. Lycopene and phenolic contents in tomato juice were not altered even after HC-treatment. Finally, the microbiological quality was also improved, mainly for the samples treated above 55 °C. Therefore, this technology can be envisaged as a promising strategy for food processing to enhancing desirable properties in juices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruly Terán Hilares
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil.
| | - Joana Gonçalves Dos Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - Nicole Bacic Shiguematsu
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - Muhammad Ajaz Ahmed
- Department of Chemical Engineering, MNS University of Engineering and Technology, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Silvio Silvério da Silva
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
| | - Júlio César Santos
- Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, University of São Paulo, 12602-810 Lorena, Brazil
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40
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Mi J, Jia KP, Balakrishna A, Feng Q, Al-Babili S. A Highly Sensitive SPE Derivatization-UHPLC-MS Approach for Quantitative Profiling of Carotenoid-Derived Dialdehydes from Vegetables. AIDS Behav 2019; 67:5899-5907. [PMID: 31055928 PMCID: PMC7722347 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b01749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative cleavage of carotenoids leads to dialdehydes (diapocarotenoids, DIALs) in addition to the widely known apocarotenoids. DIALs are biologically active compounds that presumably impact human health and play different roles in plant development and carotenoid metabolism. However, detection of DIALs in plants is challenging due to their instability, low abundance, and poor ionization efficiency in mass spectrometry. Here, we developed a solid-phase extraction and derivatization protocol coupled with ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry for quantitative profiling of DIALs. Our method significantly enhances the sensitivity of DIAL detection with a detection limit of 0.05 pg/mg of dried food materials, allowing unambiguous profiling of 30 endogenous DIALs with C5 to C24 from vegetables. Our work provides a new and efficient approach for determining the content of DIALs from various complex matrices, paving the way for uncovering the functions of DIALs in human health and plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Mi
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Kun-Peng Jia
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Aparna Balakrishna
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Qitong Feng
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Salim Al-Babili
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, The BioActives Lab, Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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Hazal Özyur V, Erdoğan A, Zeliha Demirel Z, Conk Dalay M, Ötleş S. OPTIMIZATION OF EXTRACTION PARAMETERS FOR FUCOXANTHIN, GALLIC ACID AND RUTIN FROM NITZSCHIA THERMALIS. FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.15673/fst.v13i1.1342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Recently, microalgae have become important in their health, and cosmetic applications since they are viewed as new sources of carotenoids. Fucoxanthin is also a type of carotenoid. The anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, and antioxidant properties of fucoxanthin have been widely reported. Since these valuable properties, they also represent a valuable resource of nutraceuticals for functional food applications. This study aims to determine the amount of fucoxanthin, gallic acid, and rutin in Nitzschia thermalis obtained from the Ege University Microalgae Culture Collection. The extraction parameters have been optimized using response surface methodology. The extraction temperature (25, 35, and 45°C), the extraction time (10, 20, and 30 min) and the biomass/solvent ratio (0.005, 0.001, and 0.015 g ml-1) have been assessed as response variables in the Box – Behnken design. The amount of fucoxanthin was determined by the C30 column at 450 nm, while both the amount of gallic acid and rutin were separated in the C18 column at 275 nm by HPLC-DAD. In the present study, the optimum extraction conditions providing the maximum amount of fucoxantin, gallic acid, and rutin were selected by applying the “desirability” function approach in response surface methodology. Finally, the temperature has been determined to be 27.30°C, the extraction time 10 minutes, and the biomass ratio 0.05 g ml-1. Under these conditions, the optimum fucoxanthin level has been determined as 5.8702 mg g-1, the gallic acid level as 0.0140 mg g-1, and the rutin level as 0.0496 mg g-1. The findings are in good agreement with international published values for fucoxanthin content. In addition, response surface methodology was shown to be an effective technique for optimising extraction conditions for maximum fucoxanthin yield. In conclusion, these findings may be applied in the development of extraction methodologies for value added microalgea products as well as can serve as a reference for the extraction of fucoxanthin having high gallic acid and rutin from other brown microalgae, and therefore it could potentially be applied in both pharmaceutical and food industries.
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Mc Gee D, Gillespie E. The Bioactivity and Chemotaxonomy of Microalgal Carotenoids. SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND BIODIVERSITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-30746-2_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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44
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Stinco CM, Benítez-González AM, Meléndez-Martínez AJ, Hernanz D, Vicario IM. Simultaneous determination of dietary isoprenoids (carotenoids, chlorophylls and tocopherols) in human faeces by Rapid Resolution Liquid Chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2019; 1583:63-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Revised: 10/31/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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45
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Biosynthesis and biomedical perspectives of carotenoids with special reference to human health-related applications. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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46
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Namitha KK, Negi PS. Agroinfiltration of Phytoene Desaturase and Lycopene Β-Cyclase Genes from Bacterial Source in Tomato (Solanum Lycopersicum L.) Enhances Nutritional and Processing Quality of its Juice. FOOD BIOTECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/08905436.2018.1519447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kanakapura K. Namitha
- Fruit and Vegetable Technology Department, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
| | - Pradeep S. Negi
- Fruit and Vegetable Technology Department, CSIR—Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
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47
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Yildiz E, Ozcan T. Functional and textural properties of vegetable‐fibre enriched yoghurt. INT J DAIRY TECHNOL 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/1471-0307.12566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eda Yildiz
- Department of Food Engineering Uludag University 16059 Bursa Turkey
| | - Tulay Ozcan
- Department of Food Engineering Uludag University 16059 Bursa Turkey
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48
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Antioxidant and pro-oxidant activities of carotenoids and their oxidation products. Food Chem Toxicol 2018; 120:681-699. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2018.07.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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49
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Pandey A, Chauhan AS, Haware DJ, Negi PS. Proximate and mineral composition of Kadamba ( Neolamarckia cadamba) fruit and its use in the development of nutraceutical enriched beverage. JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2018; 55:4330-4336. [PMID: 30228432 PMCID: PMC6133846 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-018-3382-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Neolamarckia cadamba, commonly known as Kadamba, is one of the economically important trees, which is being exploited for paper, pulp and wood industries, however uses of its fruits are not reported. In the present investigation the N. cadamba fruits were analysed for their proximate and mineral content at different stages of maturity, and the ripe fruit was used for nectar preparation. Proximate analysis of the ripe edible fruit showed that it is rich in fat (2.4%) and proteins (2.1%), and has calorific value of 103.7 kcal/100 g. The nectar prepared from the ripe fruits showed mean overall acceptability score of more than 6 indicating its suitability for nectar preparation. The shelf life of nectar was found to be 150 days at ambient conditions (28 ± 3 °C). The nectar was rich in minerals and antioxidants, and can be recommended for consumption by various age groups. However, studies are required to ascertain its physiological effect on consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arti Pandey
- Fruit and Vegetable Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110 001 India
| | - Attar Singh Chauhan
- Fruit and Vegetable Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India
| | - Devendra Jaganath Haware
- Food Safety and Analytical Quality Control Laboratory, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570020 India
| | - Pradeep Singh Negi
- Fruit and Vegetable Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, 570 020 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), New Delhi, 110 001 India
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50
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Hossain A, Jayadeep PA. Comparison of total carotenoids, lutein, zeaxanthin, and β‐carotene content in maize employing solvent extraction and in vitro physiological methods. J Food Biochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ashrafi Hossain
- Department of Grain Science and Technology CSIR‐Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysuru India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Mysuru India
| | - Padmanabhan Appukuttan Jayadeep
- Department of Grain Science and Technology CSIR‐Central Food Technological Research Institute Mysuru India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Mysuru India
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