1
|
Mao R, Li J. Construction of a molecular diagnostic system for neurogenic rosacea by combining transcriptome sequencing and machine learning. BMC Med Genomics 2024; 17:232. [PMID: 39272052 PMCID: PMC11396881 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-024-02008-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Patients with neurogenic rosacea (NR) frequently demonstrate pronounced neurological manifestations, often unresponsive to conventional therapeutic approaches. A molecular-level understanding and diagnosis of this patient cohort could significantly guide clinical interventions. In this study, we amalgamated our sequencing data (n = 46) with a publicly accessible database (n = 38) to perform an unsupervised cluster analysis of the integrated dataset. The eighty-four rosacea patients were partitioned into two distinct clusters. Neurovascular biomarkers were found to be elevated in cluster 1 compared to cluster 2. Pathways in cluster 1 were predominantly involved in neurotransmitter synthesis, transmission, and functionality, whereas cluster 2 pathways were centered on inflammation-related processes. Differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA were employed to delineate the characteristic gene sets of the two clusters. Subsequently, a diagnostic model was constructed from the identified gene sets using linear regression methodologies. The model's C index, comprising genes PNPLA3, CUX2, PLIN2, and HMGCR, achieved a remarkable value of 0.9683, with an area under the curve (AUC) for the training cohort's nomogram of 0.9376. Clinical characteristics from our dataset (n = 46) were assessed by three seasoned dermatologists, forming the NR validation cohort (NR, n = 18; non-neurogenic rosacea, n = 28). Upon application of our model to NR diagnosis, the model's AUC value reached 0.9023. Finally, potential therapeutic candidates for both patient groups were predicted via the Connectivity Map. In summation, this study unveiled two clusters with unique molecular phenotypes within rosacea, leading to the development of a precise diagnostic model instrumental in NR diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Mao
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Dermatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Aging Biology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bosco A, Altea V, Beretta P, Cacace R, Fanos V, Dessì A. Metabolomics in Children Cow's Milk Protein Allergy: Possible Contribution from a System Biology Approach? CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 11:562. [PMID: 38790557 PMCID: PMC11120097 DOI: 10.3390/children11050562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
One of the most frequent triggers of food anaphylaxis in pediatric age but also among the most common, early, and complex causes of childhood food allergy is cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA). The diagnostic course and management of this allergy is defined in a complex clinical picture due to several factors. First of all, the epidemiological data are not uniform, mainly as a consequence of the diagnostic methodology used in the various studies and the different age ranges covered. In addition, there is the complexity of terminology, since although CMPA traditionally refers to immune-mediated reactions to cow's milk, it is a term encompassing numerous clinical features with different symptoms and the requirement for specific treatments. Moreover, the differential diagnosis with other very frequent diseases, especially in the first year of life, such as gastro-esophageal reflux disease or colic, is still complex. This can result in misdiagnosis and incorrect treatment, with harmful health consequences and significant economic repercussions. In this context, the combination of several omics sciences together, which have already proved useful in clarifying the allergenicity of cow's milk proteins with greater precision, could improve the diagnostic tests currently in use through the identification of new, more specific, and precise biomarkers that make it possible to improve diagnostic accuracy and predict the patient's response to the various available treatments for the recovery of tolerance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Vassilios Fanos
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Cagliari and Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, AOU Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy; (A.B.); (V.A.); (P.B.); (R.C.); (A.D.)
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shi J, Dong P, Liu C, Xu Y, Zheng M, Cheng L, Wang J, Raghavan V. Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 alleviates OVA-sensitized food allergy through modulating gut microbiota and its metabolism. Food Funct 2023; 14:10784-10795. [PMID: 37982421 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03321j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Over the past few decades, food allergy has continued to rise, significantly affecting our health, economy, and quality of life. However, current therapeutic strategies have limited efficacy and need to be improved. One alternative to prevent or reduce allergies is to modulate immunity and microbiota. Human milk (HM) could be considered a protective factor against food allergy, but how probiotics in human milk impact the susceptibility to food allergy remains unknown. Therefore, we studied the preventive impact of human milk Lactobacillus rhamnosus Probio-M9 on food allergy in ovalbumin (OVA)-sensitized mice. We studied the effects of oral administration of Probio-M9 on allergic signatures, immune response, gut microbiota, and metabolism. Oral therapeutic administration of live Probio-M9, but not heat-killed Probio-M9, significantly reduces OVA-specific IgE (OVA-sIgE), histamine, and mMCP-1 (mouse mast cell protease-1) levels in OVA-sensitized mice. Moreover, Probio-M9 supplementation reduced allergic inflammation and changes in the Th2/Th1 balance toward a dampened Th2 response. 16S rDNA sequencing analysis revealed an increased ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) and the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing Clostridia in the feces after Probio-M9 intake. Simultaneously, Probio-M9 significantly increased the levels of SCFAs and promoted the phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), thereby inducing the expression of the antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) Reg3b and Reg3g. Our findings suggest that the use of Probio-M9 can be a potent strategy in food allergy prevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Shi
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Pengfei Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Cheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Yan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Mingzhu Zheng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology School of Medicine, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Lei Cheng
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Clinical Allergy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Jin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering, Ministry of Education, and Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Vijaya Raghavan
- Department of Bioresource Engineering, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, 21111 Lakeshore Rd, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC H9X3V9, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Cafarotti A, Giovannini M, Begìn P, Brough HA, Arasi S. Management of IgE-mediated food allergy in the 21st century. Clin Exp Allergy 2023; 53:25-38. [PMID: 36200952 PMCID: PMC10092460 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The 21st century has seen the propulsion of research in the field of food allergy, which has driven real changes in the clinical approach. Allergen immunotherapy has been recommended for the active management of food allergy. Data have shown promising additional methods of treatment, including biologics. Efforts have been devoted to the risk stratification of food allergy and the standardization of the assessment of food-allergic severity. Alternative routes of administration of epinephrine are under investigation to minimize any mechanical issue and the fear of injections. Evidence-based guidelines have been published by the main international societies in the field of anaphylaxis and food allergy management and new updates are in preparation. In the coming years, treatment options that are currently in pre-clinical or early clinical evaluation will hopefully lead to safe and effective disease-modifying therapies for food allergy in clinical practice. The identification of reliable biomarkers and the standardization of definitions and measurement approaches, alongside a shared decision-making with patients and families, will be key for the development of personalized care and to help minimize the substantial burden of food allergy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Cafarotti
- Allergy Unit - Area of Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| | - Mattia Giovannini
- Allergy Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Meyer Children's University Hospital, Florence, Italy
| | - Philippe Begìn
- Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology Division, Department of Pediatrics, CHU Sainte-Justine, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Allergy and Clinical Immunology Division, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Helen A Brough
- Children's Allergy Service, Evelina Children's Hospital, Guy's and St. Thomas' NHS Foundation Hospital, London, UK.,Paediatric Allergy Group, Department of Women and Children's Health, School of Life Course Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Stefania Arasi
- Allergy Unit - Area of Translational Research in Pediatric Specialities, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Sindher SB, Long A, Chin AR, Hy A, Sampath V, Nadeau KC, Chinthrajah RS. Food allergy, mechanisms, diagnosis and treatment: Innovation through a multi-targeted approach. Allergy 2022; 77:2937-2948. [PMID: 35730331 DOI: 10.1111/all.15418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The incidence of food allergy (FA) has continued to rise over the last several decades, posing significant burdens on health and quality of life. Significant strides into the advancement of FA diagnosis, prevention, and treatment have been made in recent years. In an effort to lower reliance on resource-intensive food challenges, the field has continued work toward the development of highly sensitive and specific assays capable of high-throughput analysis to assist in the diagnosis FA. In looking toward early infancy as a critical period in the development of allergy or acquisition of tolerance, evidence has increasingly suggested that early intervention via the early introduction of food allergens and maintenance of skin barrier function may decrease the risk of FA. As such, large-scale investigations are underway evaluating infant feeding and the impact of emollient and steroid use in infants with dry skin for the prevention of allergy. On the other end of the spectrum, the past few years have been witness to an explosive increase in clinical trials of novel and innovative therapeutic strategies aimed at the treatment of FA in those whom the disease has already manifested. A milestone in the field, 2020 marked the approval of the first drug, oral peanut allergen, for the indication of peanut allergy. With a foundation of promising data supporting the safety and efficacy of single- and multi-allergen oral immunotherapy, current efforts have turned toward the use of probiotics, biologic agents, and modified allergens to optimize and improve upon existing paradigms. Through these advancements, the field hopes to gain footing in the ongoing battle against FA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayantani B Sindher
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew Long
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Andrew R Chin
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Angela Hy
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Vanitha Sampath
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| | - R Sharon Chinthrajah
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research at Stanford University, Stanford, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|