Development and Psychometric Testing of the Signed Donor Card (SDC) Scale in an Islamic Society

Childbirth Readiness Scale (CRS): instrument development and psychometric properties

Background

Childbirth preparation plays an important role in reducing maternal mortality and improving women’s childbirth experience. Evaluating childbirth readiness levels before and after interventions provides a basis for formulating more targeted and effective interventions. However, existing tools only assess partial childbirth preparation or have limited evidence of reliability and validity. The aim of this study was thus to develop a new instrument for use during the third trimester to comprehensively assess the readiness level of pregnant women, and test the scale’s psychometric properties.

Methods

The scale was developed through exploratory mixed methods including qualitative and quantitative phases. A literature review and in-depth semi-structured interviews were utilized to identify the scale items. A Delphi expert consultation evaluated the content validity. Psychometric testing was conducted in a convenience sample of 731 pregnant women in the third trimester (recruited from 3 tertiary hospitals in Hubei province in China). Item analysis was used to screen items; exploratory factor analysis was performed to extract factors; confirmatory factor analysis was performed to evaluate fit on the factor structures.

Results

The final scale consisted of four dimensions and 18 items that explained 65.8% of the total variance. Confirmative factor analysis (CFA) model showed that the 4-factor model fits the data well. The total Cronbach alpha coefficient of the total scale and 4 factors was 0.935 and 0.853–0.914. The split-half reliability was 0.880. The dimensions comprised “Self-management”, “Information literacy”, “Birth confidence” and “Birth plan”.

Conclusions

The childbirth readiness scale we developed has good reliability and validity, and can be used to comprehensively assess the readiness level of pregnant women. In addition to understanding the overall level of women’s childbirth readiness, using subscale scores, improvements can be targeted to specific areas of the preparation for childbirth, to improve the efficiency of the intervention.

Physical Activity Health Literacy in Iranian Older Adults: Development and Psychometric Testing

Inadequate health literacy decreases physical activity. This study aimed to develop and examine psychometrics of physical activity health literacy in Iranian older adults. This methodological work was conducted in two phases. Phase 1 consisted of extensive studies review and qualitative study to extract and design the items. The psychometrics were measured in Phase 2 included content, faceconstruct validities, reliability, and stability. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS (version 25.0) and AMOS (version 24.0). The results of the exploratory factor analysis showed four factors- information evaluation, reading skill, perception, and decision making-and used information that explained 70.08% of the variance. The model's fitness was supported by confirmatory factor analysis. Internal consistency based on Cronbach's alpha was .89 with composite reliability >0.85. Stability was confirmed through the test-retest method and intraclass correlation coefficient (.89-1). Psychometrics of physical activity health literacy in Iranian older adults supported validity and reliability of the tool.

Socio-Cultural Factors Contributing to Being an Organ Donor in Iranian Employees

AIMS

The purpose of this study was to use a culturally modified Organ Donation Model (ODM) to explore the significant factors and ways in which these factors could influence signing the donor card.

METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted among 600 employees from 57 offices in Hamadan, Iran, in 2018. Participants were selected randomly and surveyed on being a donor and their perceptions regarding signing the donor card. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was conducted to determine the inter-relationship between the studied variables.

RESULTS

Participants' mean age was 39.5 (SD = 7.0). 20% of participants had a signed donor card. Descriptive norms (β = 0.53, p < 0.001), non-cognitive beliefs (β=-0.33, p < 0.001), anticipated regret (β = 0.28, p < 0.001) and subjective norms (β=-0.17, p < 0.01) had significant direct effects on signing the donor card.

CONCLUSION

This study provides socio-culturally informed evidence on individuals' signing donor card. These factors could provide a guide to policymakers to develop the community-based interventions.