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Dai SL, Pan JQ, Su ZR. Multi-omics features of immunogenic cell death in gastric cancer identified by combining single-cell sequencing analysis and machine learning. Sci Rep 2024; 14:21751. [PMID: 39294296 PMCID: PMC11410816 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-73071-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is a prevalent malignancy with high mortality rates. Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is a unique form of programmed cell death that is closely linked to antitumor immunity and plays a critical role in modulating the tumor microenvironment (TME). Nevertheless, elucidating the precise effect of ICD on GC remains a challenging endeavour. ICD-related genes were identified in single-cell sequencing datasets and bulk transcriptome sequencing datasets via the AddModuleScore function, weighted gene co-expression network (WGCNA), and differential expression analysis. A robust signature associated with ICD was constructed using a machine learning computational framework incorporating 101 algorithms. Furthermore, multiomics analysis, including single-cell sequencing analysis, bulk transcriptomic analysis, and proteomics analysis, was conducted to verify the correlation of these hub genes with the immune microenvironment features of GC and with GC invasion and metastasis. We screened 59 genes associated with ICD and developed a robust ICD-related gene signature (ICDRS) via a machine learning computational framework that integrates 101 different algorithms. Furthermore, we identified five key hub genes (SMAP2, TNFAIP8, LBH, TXNIP, and PIK3IP1) from the ICDRS. Through single-cell analysis of GC tumor s, we confirmed the strong correlations of the hub genes with immune microenvironment features. Among these five genes, LBH exhibited the most significant associations with a poor prognosis and with the invasion and metastasis of GC. Finally, our findings were validated through immunohistochemical staining of a large clinical sample set, and the results further supported that LBH promotes GC cell invasion by activating the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Long Dai
- Department of General Surgery, Deqing People's Hospital, Deqing Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 120 South Yingxi Road, Deqing, 313200, Zhejiang, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Qiang Pan
- Department of Pathology, Deqing People's Hospital, Deqing Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 120 South Yingxi Road, Deqing, 313200, Zhejiang, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Rong Su
- Department of General Surgery, Deqing People's Hospital, Deqing Campus, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, 120 South Yingxi Road, Deqing, 313200, Zhejiang, P. R. China
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2
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Yang LJ, Han T, Liu RN, Shi SM, Luan SY, Meng SN. Plant-derived natural compounds: A new frontier in inducing immunogenic cell death for cancer treatment. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 177:117099. [PMID: 38981240 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Immunogenic cell death (ICD) can activate adaptive immune response in the host with normal immune system. Some synthetic chemotherapeutic drugs and natural compounds have shown promising results in cancer treatment by triggering the release of damage-associated molecules (DAMPs) to trigger ICD. However, most chemotherapeutic drugs exhibit non-selective cytotoxicity and may also induce and promote metastasis, thereby significantly reducing their clinical efficacy. Among the natural compounds that can induce ICD, plant-derived compounds account for the largest proportion, which are of increasing value in the treatment of cancer. Understanding which plant-derived natural compounds can induce ICD and how they induce ICD is crucial for developing strategies to improve chemotherapy outcomes. In this review, we focus on the recent findings regarding plant-derived natural compounds that induce ICD according to the classification of flavonoids, alkaloids, glycosides, terpenoids and discuss the potential mechanisms including endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, DNA damage, apoptosis, necroptosis autophagy, ferroptosis. In addition, plant-derived natural compounds that can enhance the ICD induction ability of conventional therapies for cancer treatment is also elaborated. The rational use of plant-derived natural compounds to induce ICD is helpful for the development of new cancer treatment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Juan Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Ruo-Nan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Shu-Ming Shi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Shi-Yun Luan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
| | - Sheng-Nan Meng
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China.
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3
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Wu J, Wang X, Wang Y, Xun Z, Li S. Application of PLGA in Tumor Immunotherapy. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:1253. [PMID: 38732722 PMCID: PMC11085488 DOI: 10.3390/polym16091253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers have been extensively researched in the field of biomedicine. Polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA), a biodegradable polymer material, has been widely used in drug delivery systems and has shown great potential in various medical fields, including vaccines, tissue engineering such as bone regeneration and wound healing, and 3D printing. Cancer, a group of diseases with high mortality rates worldwide, has recently garnered significant attention in the field of immune therapy research. In recent years, there has been growing interest in the delivery function of PLGA in tumor immunotherapy. In tumor immunotherapy, PLGA can serve as a carrier to load antigens on its surface, thereby enhancing the immune system's ability to attack tumor cells. Additionally, PLGA can be used to formulate tumor vaccines and immunoadjuvants, thereby enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) can also enhance the effectiveness of tumor immunotherapy by regulating the activity and differentiation of immune cells, and by improving the expression and presentation of tumor antigens. Furthermore, due to the diverse physical properties and surface modifications of PLGA, it has a wider range of potential applications in tumor immunotherapy through the loading of various types of drugs or other innovative substances. We aim to highlight the recent advances and challenges of plga in the field of oncology therapy to stimulate further research and development of innovative PLGA-based approaches, and more effective and personalized cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiashuai Wu
- Innovation Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Xiaopeng Wang
- Innovation Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China; (J.W.); (X.W.)
| | - Yunduan Wang
- School of Intelligent Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China;
| | - Zhe Xun
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Obesity and Glucose/Lipid Associated Metabolic Diseases, Health Science Institute, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
| | - Shuo Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China
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4
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Wang J, Ma J, Xie F, Miao F, lv L, Huang Y, Zhang X, Yu J, Tai Z, Zhu Q, Bao L. Immunogenic cell death-based cancer vaccines: promising prospect in cancer therapy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1389173. [PMID: 38745666 PMCID: PMC11092378 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1389173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Tumor immunotherapy is a promising approach for addressing the limitations of conventional tumor treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy, which often have side effects and fail to prevent recurrence and metastasis. However, the effectiveness and sustainability of immune activation in tumor immunotherapy remain challenging. Tumor immunogenic cell death, characterized by the release of immunogenic substances, damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), and tumor associated antigens, from dying tumor cells (DTCs), offers a potential solution. By enhancing the immunogenicity of DTCs through the inclusion of more immunogenic antigens and stimulating factors, immunogenic cell death (ICD) based cancer vaccines can be developed as a powerful tool for immunotherapy. Integrating ICD nanoinducers into conventional treatments like chemotherapy, photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, sonodynamic therapy, and radiotherapy presents a novel strategy to enhance treatment efficacy and potentially improve patient outcomes. Preclinical research has identified numerous potential ICD inducers. However, effectively translating these findings into clinically relevant applications remains a critical challenge. This review aims to contribute to this endeavor by providing valuable insights into the in vitro preparation of ICD-based cancer vaccines. We explored established tools for ICD induction, followed by an exploration of personalized ICD induction strategies and vaccine designs. By sharing this knowledge, we hope to stimulate further development and advancement in the field of ICD-based cancer vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiandong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jinyuan Ma
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fangyuan Xie
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengze Miao
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei lv
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueying Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junxia Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Leilei Bao
- Department of Pharmacy, Third Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
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5
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Reyes-Hernández OD, Figueroa-González G, Quintas-Granados LI, Hernández-Parra H, Peña-Corona SI, Cortés H, Kipchakbayeva A, Mukazhanova Z, Habtemariam S, Leyva-Gómez G, Büsselberg D, Sharifi-Rad J. New insights into the anticancer therapeutic potential of icaritin and its synthetic derivatives. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22175. [PMID: 38567708 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
Icaritin is a natural prenylated flavonoid derived from the Chinese herb Epimedium. The compound has shown antitumor effects in various cancers, especially hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Icaritin exerts its anticancer activity by modulating multiple signaling pathways, such as IL-6/JAK/STAT3, ER-α36, and NF-κB, affecting the tumor microenvironment and immune system. Several clinical trials have evaluated the safety and efficacy of icaritin in advanced HCC patients with poor prognoses, who are unsuitable for conventional therapies. The results have demonstrated that icaritin can improve survival, delay progression, and produce clinical benefits in these patients, with a favorable safety profile and minimal adverse events. Moreover, icaritin can enhance the antitumor immune response by regulating the function and phenotype of various immune cells, such as CD8+ T cells, MDSCs, neutrophils, and macrophages. These findings suggest that icaritin is a promising candidate for immunotherapy in HCC and other cancers. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms and optimal dosing regimens of icaritin and its potential synergistic effects with other agents. Therefore, this comprehensive review of the scientific literature aims to summarize advances in the knowledge of icaritin in preclinical and clinical studies as well as the pharmacokinetic, metabolism, toxicity, and mechanisms action to recognize the main challenge, gaps, and opportunities to develop a medication that cancer patients can use. Thus, our main objective was to clarify the current state of icaritin for use as an anticancer drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, UMIEZ, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Laura Itzel Quintas-Granados
- Colegio de Ciencias y Humanidades, Plantel Cuautepec, Universidad Autónoma de la Ciudad de México. Ciudad de México, México, México
| | - Hector Hernández-Parra
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
- Departamento de Farmacología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional (CINVESTAV-IPN), Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Sheila I Peña-Corona
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Hernán Cortés
- Laboratorio de Medicina Genómica, Departamento de Genómica, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo Ibarra Ibarra, Ciudad de Mexico, Mexico
| | - Aliya Kipchakbayeva
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Zhazira Mukazhanova
- Higher School of IT and Natural Sciences, Sarsen Amanzholov East Kazakhstan University, Ust-Kamenogorsk, Kazakhstan
| | - Solomon Habtemariam
- Pharmacognosy Research & Herbal Analysis Services UK, Central Avenue, Chatham-Maritime, London, UK
| | - Gerardo Leyva-Gómez
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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6
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Liu X, Sun K, Jin X, Wu X, Xia M, Sun Y, Feng L, Li G, Wan X, Chen C. Review on active components and mechanism of natural product polysaccharides against gastric carcinoma. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27218. [PMID: 38449642 PMCID: PMC10915412 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the malignant tumors with a high occurrence rate worldwide is gastric carcinoma, which is an epithelial malignant tumor emerging from the stomach. Natural product polysaccharides are a kind of natural macromolecular polymers, which have the functions of regulating immunity, anti-oxidation, anti-fatigue, hypoglycemia, etc. Natural polysaccharides have remarkable effectiveness in preventing the onset, according to studies, and development of gastric cancer at both cellular and animal levels. This paper summarizes the inhibitory mechanisms and therapeutic significance of plant polysaccharides, fungi polysaccharides, and algal polysaccharides in natural product polysaccharides on the occurrence and development of gastric cancer in recent years, providing a theoretical basis for the research, development, and medicinal value of polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinze Liu
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Kaijing Sun
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of the Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinmin Wu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Mingjie Xia
- Department of Gastric and Colorectal Surgery, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Sun
- Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Lin Feng
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Guangzhe Li
- College of Pharmacy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, 130117, China
| | - Xilin Wan
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Changbao Chen
- Jilin Ginseng Academy, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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Zhang Z, Liang X, Yang X, Liu Y, Zhou X, Li C. Advances in Nanodelivery Systems Based on Metabolism Reprogramming Strategies for Enhanced Tumor Therapy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:6689-6708. [PMID: 38302434 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Tumor development and metastasis are closely related to the complexity of the metabolism network. Recently, metabolism reprogramming strategies have attracted much attention in tumor metabolism therapy. Although there is preliminary success of metabolism therapy agents, their therapeutic effects have been restricted by the effective reaching of the tumor sites of drugs. Nanodelivery systems with unique physical properties and elaborate designs can specifically deliver to the tumors. In this review, we first summarize the research progress of nanodelivery systems based on tumor metabolism reprogramming strategies to enhance therapies by depleting glucose, inhibiting glycolysis, depleting lactic acid, inhibiting lipid metabolism, depleting glutamine and glutathione, and disrupting metal metabolisms combined with other therapies, including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, photodynamic therapy, etc. We further discuss in detail the advantages of nanodelivery systems based on tumor metabolism reprogramming strategies for tumor therapy. As well as the opportunities and challenges for integrating nanodelivery systems into tumor metabolism therapy, we analyze the outlook for these emerging areas. This review is expected to improve our understanding of modulating tumor metabolisms for enhanced therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongquan Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiaoya Liang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhou
- Department of Thyroid and Vascular Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
- Basic Medicine Research Innovation Center for Cardiometabolic Disease, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
| | - Chunhong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan 646000, China
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8
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Huang M, Liu J, Fan Y, Sun J, Cheng JX, Zhang XF, Zhai BT, Guo DY. Development of curcumin-loaded galactosylated chitosan-coated nanoparticles for targeted delivery of hepatocellular carcinoma. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127219. [PMID: 37802456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Curcumin (CUR) has good antitumor effects, but its poor aqueous solubility severely limits its clinical application and the systemic nonspecific distribution of the free drug in tumor patients is a key therapeutic challenge. In order to overcome the limitations of free drugs and improve the therapeutic efficacy, we developed novel galactosylated chitosan (GC)-modified nanoparticles (GC@NPs) based on poly (ethylene glycol) methyl ether-block-poly (lactide-co-glycolide) (PEG-PLGA), which can target asialoglycoprotein receptor (ASGPR) expressed on hepatocellular carcinoma cells and have excellent biocompatibility. The results showed that the drug loading (DL) of CUR was approximately 4.56 %. A favorable biosafety profile was maintained up to concentrations of 500 μg/mL. Furthermore, in vitro cellular assays showed that GC@NPs could be efficiently internalized by HepG2 cells via ASGPR-mediated endocytosis and successfully released CUR for chemotherapy. More importantly, in vivo anti-tumor experiments revealed that GC@NPs were able to accumulate effectively within tumor sites through EPR effect and ASGPR-mediated endocytosis, leading to superior inhibition of tumor growth compared to free CUR. Overall, GC@NPs are a promising CUR nanocarrier for enhanced tumor therapy with a good biosafety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mian Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Ji Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu Fan
- School of Basic Medicine, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Jiang-Xue Cheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Xiao-Fei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China
| | - Bing-Tao Zhai
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
| | - Dong-Yan Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Fundamentals and New Drugs Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, China.
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9
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Gupta M, Ahmad J, Ahamad J, Kundu S, Goel A, Mishra A. Flavonoids as promising anticancer therapeutics: Contemporary research, nanoantioxidant potential, and future scope. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5159-5192. [PMID: 37668281 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural polyphenolic compounds considered safe, pleiotropic, and readily available molecules. It is widely distributed in various food products such as fruits and vegetables and beverages such as green tea, wine, and coca-based products. Many studies have reported the anticancer potential of flavonoids against different types of cancers, including solid tumors. The chemopreventive effect of flavonoids is attributed to various mechanisms, including modulation of autophagy, induction of cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and antioxidant defense. Despite of significant anticancer activity of flavonoids, their clinical translation is limited due to their poor biopharmaceutical attributes (such as low aqueous solubility, limited permeability across the biological membranes (intestinal and blood-brain barrier), and stability issue in biological systems). A nanoparticulate system is an approach that is widely utilized to improve the biopharmaceutical performance and therapeutic efficacy of phytopharmaceuticals. The present review discusses the significant anticancer potential of promising flavonoids in different cancers and the utilization of nanoparticulate systems to improve their nanoantioxidant activity further to enhance the anticancer activity of loaded promising flavonoids. Although, various plant-derived secondary metabolites including flavonoids have been recommended for treating cancer, further vigilant research is warranted to prove their translational values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Gupta
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Javed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javed Ahamad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Snehashis Kundu
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Archit Goel
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Guwahati, Assam, India
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10
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Xia L, Xu X, Li M, Zhang X, Cao F. Afzelin induces immunogenic cell death against lung cancer by targeting NQO2. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:381. [PMID: 37891619 PMCID: PMC10605937 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04221-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lung cancer is one of the most common malignant cancers worldwide. Previous studies have shown that Afzelin, a flavonoid, possesses anticancer activity. The aim of this study was to explore Afzelin's effect on lung cancer cells and delineate potential anti-cancer mechanism. METHODS The effect of Afzelin on cell viability, proliferation, and apoptosis of lung cancer cells i.e., A549 and H1299 cells, was studied. The targets for Afzelin in lung cancer were predicted using SwissTargetPrediction, Next, the GO analysis and pathway enrichment were analyzed using String. For in vitro studies, the overexpression plasmid of NQO2, the identified target of Afzelin, was transfected into Afzelin-treated cells to verify the regulatory role of Afzelin on its target and signaling pathway. RESULTS In in vitro studies, Afzelin markedly inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and raised apoptotic rate of A549 and H1299 cells. In addition, Afzelin activated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and increased ATP, HMGB1, and CRT levels in lung cancer cells, indicating that Afzelin induced immunogenic cell death (ICD). SwissTargetPrediction identified NQO2 as a target of Afzelin. Further, Afzelin markedly inhibited NQO2 protein expression and in turn, overexpression of NQO2 attenuated the effect of Afzelin on A549 and H1299 cells. CONCLUSION Afzelin inhibits lung cancer progression by targeting NQO2, in turn, activating ER stress and inducing ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xia
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xu
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Meijun Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- The First Clinical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, 250355, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Cao
- Department of Medical Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 16369, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong, 250000, China.
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11
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Gupta J, Ahmed AT, Tayyib NA, Zabibah RS, Shomurodov Q, Kadheim MN, Alsaikhan F, Ramaiah P, Chinnasamy L, Samarghandian S. A state-of-art of underlying molecular mechanisms and pharmacological interventions/nanotherapeutics for cisplatin resistance in gastric cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115337. [PMID: 37659203 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The fourth common reason of death among patients is gastric cancer (GC) and it is a dominant tumor type in Ease Asia. One of the problems in GC therapy is chemoresistance. Cisplatin (CP) is a platinum compound that causes DNA damage in reducing tumor progression and viability of cancer cells. However, due to hyperactivation of drug efflux pumps, dysregulation of genes and interactions in tumor microenvironment, tumor cells can develop resistance to CP chemotherapy. The current review focuses on the CP resistance emergence in GC cells with emphasizing on molecular pathways, pharmacological compounds for reversing chemoresistance and the role of nanostructures. Changes in cell death mechanisms such as upregulation of pro-survival autophagy can prevent CP-mediated apoptosis that results in drug resistance. Moreover, increase in metastasis via EMT induction induces CP resistance. Dysregulation of molecular pathways such as PTEN, PI3K/Akt, Nrf2 and others result in changes in CP response of GC cells. Non-coding RNAs determine CP response of GC cells and application of pharmacological compounds with activity distinct of CP can result in sensitivity in tumor cells. Due to efficacy of exosomes in transferring bioactive molecules such as RNA and DNA molecules among GC cells, exosomes can also result in CP resistance. One of the newest progresses in overcoming CP resistance in GC is application of nanoplatforms for delivery of CP in GC therapy that they can increase accumulation of CP at tumor site and by suppressing carcinogenic factors and overcoming biological barriers, they increase CP toxicity on cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitendra Gupta
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura 281406, U.P., India
| | | | - Nahla A Tayyib
- Faculty of Nursing, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rahman S Zabibah
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Medical Technology, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
| | - Qakhramon Shomurodov
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Tashkent State Dental Institute, Tashkent, Uzbekistan; Department of Scientific Affairs, Samarkand State Medical University, Samarkand, Uzbekistan
| | - Mostafai N Kadheim
- Department of Dentistry, Kut University College, Kut, Wasit 52001, Iraq; Medical Laboratory Techniques Department, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad 10022 Iraq
| | - Fahad Alsaikhan
- College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj, Saudi Arabia.
| | | | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Healthy Ageing Research Centre, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, the Islamic Republic of Iran.
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12
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Zhang J, Wang S, Zhang D, He X, Wang X, Han H, Qin Y. Nanoparticle-based drug delivery systems to enhance cancer immunotherapy in solid tumors. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1230893. [PMID: 37600822 PMCID: PMC10435760 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1230893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapy has developed rapidly in solid tumors, especially in the areas of blocking inhibitory immune checkpoints and adoptive T-cell transfer for immune regulation. Many patients benefit from immunotherapy. However, the response rate of immunotherapy in the overall population are relatively low, which depends on the characteristics of the tumor and individualized patient differences. Moreover, the occurrence of drug resistance and adverse reactions largely limit the development of immunotherapy. Recently, the emergence of nanodrug delivery systems (NDDS) seems to improve the efficacy of immunotherapy by encapsulating drug carriers in nanoparticles to precisely reach the tumor site with high stability and biocompatibility, prolonging the drug cycle of action and greatly reducing the occurrence of toxic side effects. In this paper, we mainly review the advantages of NDDS and the mechanisms that enhance conventional immunotherapy in solid tumors, and summarize the recent advances in NDDS-based therapeutic strategies, which will provide valuable ideas for the development of novel tumor immunotherapy regimen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Daidi Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Academy of Medical Science, School of Basic Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Huiqiong Han
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yanru Qin
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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13
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Lin Y, Yang B, Huang Y, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Ma L, Shen YQ. Mitochondrial DNA-targeted therapy: A novel approach to combat cancer. CELL INSIGHT 2023; 2:100113. [PMID: 37554301 PMCID: PMC10404627 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellin.2023.100113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes proteins and RNAs that are essential for mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis, and participates in important processes of cellular bioenergetics and metabolism. Alterations in mtDNA are associated with various diseases, especially cancers, and are considered as biomarkers for some types of tumors. Moreover, mtDNA alterations have been found to affect the proliferation, progression and metastasis of cancer cells, as well as their interactions with the immune system and the tumor microenvironment (TME). The important role of mtDNA in cancer development makes it a significant target for cancer treatment. In recent years, many novel therapeutic methods targeting mtDNA have emerged. In this study, we first discussed how cancerogenesis is triggered by mtDNA mutations, including alterations in gene copy number, aberrant gene expression and epigenetic modifications. Then, we described in detail the mechanisms underlying the interactions between mtDNA and the extramitochondrial environment, which are crucial for understanding the efficacy and safety of mtDNA-targeted therapy. Next, we provided a comprehensive overview of the recent progress in cancer therapy strategies that target mtDNA. We classified them into two categories based on their mechanisms of action: indirect and direct targeting strategies. Indirect targeting strategies aimed to induce mtDNA damage and dysfunction by modulating pathways that are involved in mtDNA stability and integrity, while direct targeting strategies utilized molecules that can selectively bind to or cleave mtDNA to achieve the therapeutic efficacy. This study highlights the importance of mtDNA-targeted therapy in cancer treatment, and will provide insights for future research and development of targeted drugs and therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Bowen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yibo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - You Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Longyun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
| | - Ying-Qiang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, PR China
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14
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Feng X, Lin T, Chen D, Li Z, Yang Q, Tian H, Xiao Y, Lin M, Liang M, Guo W, Zhao P, Guo Z. Mitochondria-associated ER stress evokes immunogenic cell death through the ROS-PERK-eIF2α pathway under PTT/CDT combined therapy. Acta Biomater 2023; 160:211-224. [PMID: 36792045 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) can effectively induce immunogenic cell death (ICD) in tumours and is thus a promising strategy for boosting the efficacy of immunotherapy. However, the mechanism by which CDT enhances ICD and lowers ICD efficiency is unknown and this restricts its clinical application. In this study, a second near-infrared (NIR-II) window irradiation-triggered hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) self-supplying nanocomposite ((Cu2Se-CaO2)@LA) was constructed. The modified lauric acid was melted by the heat energy of the NIR-II irradiation, to expose the CaO2 nanoparticles, and they then reacted with water to produce H2O2 and Ca2+. H2O2 was then converted to hydroxyl radicals by the photothermal-enhanced CDT process of the Cu2Se nanocubes. Notably, the CDT and Ca2+ overload was found to induce sequential damage to the mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which upregulated the PERK-mediated eIF2α phosphorylation pathway and caused subsequent ICD. NIR-II irradiation of the (Cu2Se-CaO2)@LA also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation and this was sufficient to increase dendritic cell maturation, attracting cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and suppressing tumour growth in vivo. Overall, we demonstrated that an enhanced CDT strategy under NIR-II exposure and H2O2 self-supply can induce extensive ICD by inducing mitochondria-associated ER stress, which represents a highly effective and promising strategy for ICD amplification and tumour immunotherapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: In this study, a second near-infrared window (NIR-II) irradiation-triggered and H2O2 self-supplying nanocomposite (named (Cu2Se-CaO2)@LA) was constructed and tested both in vitro and in vivo. These nanoparticles demonstrated promising antitumor activity as designed. Mechanistically, the nanoparticles could damage mitochondria and upregulate the PERK-mediated eIF2αphosphorylation pathway, further causing endoplasmic reticulum stress, and inducing immunogenic cell death through dendritic cell maturation and cytotoxic T lymphocyte recruitment augmented activity. This system represents a highly effective and promising strategy for enhancing tumor immunotherapy and provides new insights for future studies and design refinements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Feng
- Stomatological Hospital, School of Stomatology, Southern medical University, S366 Jiangnan Boulevard, Guangzhou 510280, China
| | - Tian Lin
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Dong Chen
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Zhiyang Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiuping Yang
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Huiting Tian
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yao Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Mingzhen Lin
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China
| | - Min Liang
- Department of Oncology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Abdominal Surgery, Innovation Centre for Advanced Interdisciplinary Medicine, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510700, China.
| | - Weihong Guo
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Peng Zhao
- NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Drug Metabolism, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of New Drug Screening, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Southern Medical University,, Guangzhou 510515, China.
| | - Zhaoze Guo
- Nanfang Hospital, The First School of Clinical Medicine, Southern medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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15
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Radiothermal Emission of Nanoparticles with a Complex Shape as a Tool for the Quality Control of Pharmaceuticals Containing Biologically Active Nanoparticles. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030966. [PMID: 36986826 PMCID: PMC10059067 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
It has recently been shown that the titer of the SARS-CoV-2 virus decreases in a cell culture when the cell suspension is irradiated with electromagnetic waves at a frequency of 95 GHz. We assumed that a frequency range in the gigahertz and sub-terahertz ranges was one of the key aspects in the “tuning” of flickering dipoles in the dispersion interaction process of the surfaces of supramolecular structures. To verify this assumption, the intrinsic thermal radio emission in the gigahertz range of the following nanoparticles was studied: virus-like particles (VLP) of SARS-CoV-2 and rotavirus A, monoclonal antibodies to various RBD epitopes of SARS-CoV-2, interferon-α, antibodies to interferon-γ, humic–fulvic acids, and silver proteinate. At 37 °C or when activated by light with λ = 412 nm, these particles all demonstrated an increased (by two orders of magnitude compared to the background) level of electromagnetic radiation in the microwave range. The thermal radio emission flux density specifically depended on the type of nanoparticles, their concentration, and the method of their activation. The thermal radio emission flux density was capable of reaching 20 μW/(m2 sr). The thermal radio emission significantly exceeded the background only for nanoparticles with a complex surface shape (nonconvex polyhedra), while the thermal radio emission from spherical nanoparticles (latex spheres, serum albumin, and micelles) did not differ from the background. The spectral range of the emission apparently exceeded the frequencies of the Ka band (above 30 GHz). It was assumed that the complex shape of the nanoparticles contributed to the formation of temporary dipoles which, at a distance of up to 100 nm and due to the formation of an ultrahigh strength field, led to the formation of plasma-like surface regions that acted as emitters in the millimeter range. Such a mechanism makes it possible to explain many phenomena of the biological activity of nanoparticles, including the antibacterial properties of surfaces.
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16
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Identification of Immunogenic Cell-Death-Related Subtypes and Development of a Prognostic Signature in Gastric Cancer. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13030528. [PMID: 36979463 PMCID: PMC10046021 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) is considered a promising type of regulated cell death and exerts effects by activating the adaptive immune response, reshaping the tumor environment (TME) and improving therapeutic efficacy. However, the potential roles and prognostic value of ICD-associated genes in gastric cancer (GC) remain unclear. Methods: The RNA expression data and clinical information of 1090 GC patients from six cohorts were collected. Consensus clustering was used to identify three distinct molecular subtypes. Then, a robust prognostic ICD_score for predicting prognosis was built via WGCNA and LASSO Cox regression according to the TCGA cohort, and the predictive capability of the ICD_score in GC patients was validated in the other cohorts. ICD-related immune features were analyzed using a CIBERSORT method and verified by immunofluorescence. Results: We found that ICD-related gene variations were correlated with clinical outcomes, tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characteristics and treatment response. We then constructed an ICD signature that classifies cases as low- and high-ICD_score groups. The high-ICD_score group indicates unfavorable OS, a more advanced TNM stage, and presents an immune-suppressed phenotype, which has more infiltrations of pro-tumor immune cells, such as macrophages, which was verified by immunofluorescence. In addition, a nomogram containing the ICD_score showed a high predictive accuracy with AUCs of 0.715, 0.731 and 0.8 on Years 1, 3, and 5. Conclusion: We performed the first and synthesis ICD analysis in GC and built a clinical application tool based on the ICD signature, which paved a new path for assessing prognosis and guiding individual treatment.
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Kumar L, Kukreti G, Rana R, Chaurasia H, Sharma A, Sharma N, Komal. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) Acid (PLGA) Nanoparticles and Transdermal Drug Delivery: An Overview. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:2940-2953. [PMID: 38173050 DOI: 10.2174/0113816128275385231027054743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles have garnered pharmaceutical industry attention throughout the past decade. PLGA [Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)] is an excellent biodegradable polymer explored for the preparation of nanoparticles that are administered through various routes like intravenous and transdermal. PLGA's versatility makes it a good choice for the preparation of nanoparticles. OBJECTIVE The main objective of this review paper was to summarize methods of preparation and characterization of PLGA nanoparticles along with their role in the transdermal delivery of various therapeutic agents. METHODS A literature survey for the present review paper was done using various search engines like Pubmed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. RESULTS In comparison to traditional transdermal administration systems, PLGA nanoparticles have demonstrated several benefits in preclinical investigations, including fewer side effects, low dosage frequency, high skin permeability, and simplicity of application. CONCLUSION PLGA nanoparticles can be considered efficient nanocarriers for the transdermal delivery of drugs. Nevertheless, the clinical investigation of PLGA nanoparticles for the transdermal administration of therapeutic agents remains a formidable obstacle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalit Kumar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, GNA School of Pharmacy, GNA University, Phagwara, Punjab 144401, India
| | - Gauree Kukreti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Sardar Bhagwan Singh University, Balawala Dehradun, Uttarakhand 248161, India
| | - Ritesh Rana
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmaceutics), Himachal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (HIPER), Bela-Nadaun, District-Hamirpur, H.P. 177033, India
| | - Himanshu Chaurasia
- Department of Pharmacy, Quantum School of Health Science, Quantum University, Vill. Mandawar (N.H.73) Roorkee-Dehradun Highway, Roorkee, Uttrakhand 247662, India
| | - Anchal Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Shiva Institute of Pharmacy, Chandpur, District-Bilaspur, H.P. 174004, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Pharmacology), Himachal Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (HIPER), Bela-Nadaun, District-Hamirpur, H.P. 177033, India
| | - Komal
- Department of Pharmacology, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Landran, Sahibzada Ajit Singh Nagar, Punjab 140307, India
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18
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Liu M, Hu T, Gou W, Chang H, Li Y, Li Y, Zuo D, Hou W, Jiao S. Exploring the pharmacological mechanisms of icaritin against nasopharyngeal carcinoma via network pharmacology and experimental validation. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:993022. [PMID: 36467051 PMCID: PMC9715612 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.993022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Icaritin is a natural product with a wide range of anti-tumor effects. However, its anti-tumor mechanism has not been thoroughly studied. This study examined the inhibitory effect of icaritin on nasopharyngeal cancer and its underlying mechanism using network pharmacology along with in vivo and in vitro experiments. Methods: MTT and clone formation assays were used to detect the effects of icaritin on the viability and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, followed by the construction of a HONE1 xenograft tumor model to evaluate the anti-tumor efficacy of icaritin in vivo. A public database was used to predict prospective targets, built a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, and analyze gene enrichment and biological processes. Based on network pharmacological data, cell cycle-related proteins were identified using western blotting. Besides, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation were identified using flow cytometry. In addition, SA-β-Gal staining was performed to detect cellular senescence, and western blotting was performed to detect the expression of P53, P21, and other proteins to verify key signaling pathways. Results: Icaritin effectively inhibited the viability and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell lines and showed good anti-tumor activity against HONE1 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells in vivo. Key protein targets, including AKT1, HSP90AA1, CDK4, CCND1, and EGFR, were screened using PPI network topology analysis. GO and KEGG analysis revealed that the cell cycle, p53 signaling, and cell senescence pathways may be the main regulatory pathways. Flow cytometry and western blot experiments showed that icaritin caused S-phase arrest and promoted an increase in ROS. SA-β-Gal staining showed that icaritin significantly induced cellular senescence, and western blotting showed that the expression of senescence-related proteins p53 and P21 increased significantly. Moreover, inhibition of ROS levels by N-Acetylcysteine (NAC) enhanced cell viability, reversed cellular senescence and reduced cellular senescence-associated protein expression. Conclusion: The results of network pharmacological analysis and in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that icaritin effectively inhibited the growth of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, promoted ROS production, induced cellular senescence, and inhibited tumor cells, which are related to the regulation of P53/P21 signal pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China,Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenfeng Gou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Huajie Chang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanli Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiliang Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China
| | - Daiying Zuo
- Department of Pharmacology, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Wenbin Hou
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Molecular Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Radiation Medicine, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Shunchang Jiao, ; Wenbin Hou,
| | - Shunchang Jiao
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Medical Centre, Chinese People’s Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China,*Correspondence: Shunchang Jiao, ; Wenbin Hou,
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19
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Wang X, Huang H, Liu X, Li J, Wang L, Li L, Li Y, Han T. Immunogenic cell death-related classifications in breast cancer identify precise immunotherapy biomarkers and enable prognostic stratification. Front Genet 2022; 13:1052720. [PMID: 36437951 PMCID: PMC9685311 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1052720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Immunogenic cell death (ICD) remodels the tumor immune microenvironment, plays an inherent role in tumor cell apoptosis, and promotes durable protective antitumor immunity. Currently, appropriate biomarker-based ICD immunotherapy for breast cancer (BC) is under active exploration. Methods: To determine the potential link between ICD genes and the clinical risk of BC, TCGA-BC was used as the training set and GSE58812 was used as the validation set. Gene expression, consistent clustering, enrichment analysis, and mutation omics analyses were performed to analyze the potential biological pathways of ICD genes involved in BC. Furthermore, a risk and prognosis model of ICD was constructed to evaluate the correlation between risk grade and immune infiltration, clinical stage, and survival prognosis. Results: We identified two ICD-related subtypes by consistent clustering and found that the C2 subtype was associated with good survival prognosis, abundant immune cell infiltration, and high activity of immune biological processes. Based on this, we constructed and validated an ICD risk and prognosis model of BC, including ATG5, HSP90AA1, PIK3CA, EIF2AK3, MYD88, IL1R1, and CD8A. This model can effectively predict the survival rate of patients with BC and is negatively correlated with the immune microenvironment and clinical stage. Conclusion: This study provides new insights into the role of ICD in BC. The novel classification risk model based on ICD in BC established in this study can aid in estimating the potential prognosis of patients with BC and the clinical outcomes of immunotherapy and postulates targets that are more useful in comprehensive treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wang
- Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hailiang Huang
- College of Rehabilitation Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xijian Liu
- Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Jiuwei Li
- College of Medical, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Lu Wang
- Office of Academic Research, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yaxing Li
- Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Tao Han
- Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medical Formulae, College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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20
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Ding D, Zhao Y, Su Y, Yang H, Wang X, Chen L. Prognostic value of antitumor drug targets prediction using integrated bioinformatic analysis for immunogenic cell death-related lncRNA model based on stomach adenocarcinoma characteristics and tumor immune microenvironment. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1022294. [PMID: 36313374 PMCID: PMC9614277 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1022294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD) ranks as the fourth prevalent cause of mortality worldwide due to cancer. The prognosis for those suffering from STAD was bleak. Immunogenic cell death (ICD), a form of induced cellular death that causes an adaptive immune response and has increasing in anticancer treatment. However, it has not been ascertained how ICD-related lncRNAs affect STAD. Using univariate Cox regression and the TCGA database, lncRNAs with prognostic value were identified. Thereafter, we created a prognostic lncRNA-based model using LASSO. Kaplan-Meier assessment, time-dependent receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyzation, independent prognostic investigation, and nomogram were used to assess model correctness. Additional research included evaluations of the immunological microenvironment, gene set enrichment analyses (GSEA), tumor mutation burdens (TMBs), tumor immune dysfunctions and exclusions (TIDEs), and antitumor compounds IC50 predictions. We found 24 ICD-related lncRNAs with prognostic value via univariate Cox analysis (p < 0.05). Subsequently, a risk model was proposed using five lncRNAs relevant to ICD. The risk signature, correlated with immune cell infiltration, had strong predictive performance. Individuals at low-risk group outlived those at high risk (p < 0.001). An evaluation of the 5-lncRNA risk mode including ROC curves, nomograms, and correction curves confirmed its predictive capability. The findings of functional tests revealed a substantial alteration in immunological conditions and the IC50 sensitivity for the two groups. Using five ICD-related lncRNAs, the authors developed a new risk model for STAD patients that could predict their cumulative overall survival rate and guide their individual treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dayong Ding
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Operating Room, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yanzhuo Su
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Huaixi Yang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal and Colorectal Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Chen,
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