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Qiu Z, Liu X, Yu J, Zhao Y, Zhao GR, Li S, Liu K, Du L, Ma L. Efficient conversion of aromatic and phenylpropanoid alcohols to acids by the cascade biocatalysis of alcohol and aldehyde dehydrogenases. Synth Syst Biotechnol 2024; 9:187-195. [PMID: 38385148 PMCID: PMC10876487 DOI: 10.1016/j.synbio.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Benzyl and phenylpropanoid acids are widely used in organic synthesis of fine chemicals, such as pharmaceuticals and condiments. However, biocatalysis of these acids has received less attention than chemical synthesis. One of the main challenges for biological production is the limited availability of alcohol dehydrogenases and aldehyde dehydrogenases. Environmental microorganisms are potential sources of these enzymes. In this study, 129 alcohol dehydrogenases and 42 aldehyde dehydrogenases from Corynebacterium glutamicum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus subtilis were identified and explored with various benzyl and phenylpropanoid alcohol and aldehyde substrates, among which four alcohol dehydrogenases and four aldehyde dehydrogenases with broad substrate specificity and high catalytic activity were obtained. Moreover, a cascade whole-cell catalytic system including ADH-90, ALDH-40, and the NAD(P)H oxidase LreNox was established, which showed high efficiency in converting cinnamyl alcohol and p-methylbenzyl alcohol into the respective carboxylic acids. Remarkably, this biocatalytic system can be easily scaled up to gram-level production, facilitating preparation purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zetian Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Health Management, Hengxing University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266100, China
| | - Yushuo Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Guang-Rong Zhao
- Frontier Science Center for Synthetic Biology and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (Ministry of Education), School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Jinnan District, Tianjin, 300350, China
| | - Shengying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Kun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Lei Du
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
| | - Li Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266237, China
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Kynadi AS, Suchithra TV. Bacterial Degradation of Phenol to Control Environmental Pollution. Microb Biotechnol 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-6847-8_11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Enhancement the Enzymatic Activity of Phenol-Degrading Microbes Immobilized on Agricultural Residues during the Biodegradation of Phenol in Petrochemical Wastewater. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.737.549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we illustrated enhanced biodegradation enzyme activity and the strains growth using the plants residues as carriers during the biodegradation of phenol in petrochemical wastewater. The three phenol-degrading strains named as A1, A2 and A3 were selected for an immobilized microorganism technique. A1, A2 and A3 were identified asPenicilliumoxalicum,Aspergillussp. andSphingobacteriumsp. using detailed morphological, biochemical and molecular characterization. The growth and degradation rate of phenol in wastewater by strains A1, A2 and A3 pre-grown in the agricultural residues (peanut shell) were higher than the free strains. Compared with the free strains,the enzyme activity of strains A1,A2 and A3, using the residues for pre-grown, increased 29.01 U/L, 30.30 U/L and 38.07 U/L, respectively. Hence, the immobilized microorganism technique is conducive to the phenol degradation.
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DALAL S, PANIGRAHI DP, RANDHAWA GS, DUBEY RC. catAGene in a PotentialCorynebacteriumStrain is Responsible for its Efficiency in Phenol Bioremoval. Polycycl Aromat Compd 2012. [DOI: 10.1080/10406638.2011.645267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Wang P, Qu Y, Zhou J. Changes of microbial community structures and functional genes during biodegradation of phenolic compounds under high salt condition. J Environ Sci (China) 2009; 21:821-826. [PMID: 19803089 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(08)62347-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The changes of microbial community structures and functional genes during the biodegradation of single phenol and phenol plus p-cresol under high salt condition were explored. It was found that the phenol-fed system (PFS) exhibited stronger degrading abilities and more stable biomass than that of the phenol plus p-cresol-fed system (PCFS). The microbial community structures were revealed by a modern DNA fingerprint technique, ribosomal intergenic spacer analysis (RISA). The results indicated that the microbial community of PFS changed obviously when gradually increased phenol concentration, while PCFS showed a little change. 16S rRNA sequence analysis of the major bands showed that Alcanivorax sp. genus was predominant species during phenolic compounds degradation. Furthermore, amplified functional DNA restriction analysis (AFDRA) on phenol hydroxylase genes showed that the fingerprints were substantially different in the two systems, and the fingerprints were not the same during the different operational periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- School of Environmental and Biological Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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Wang Y, Tian Y, Han B, Zhao HB, Bi JN, Cai BL. Biodegradation of phenol by free and immobilized Acinetobacter sp. strain PD12. J Environ Sci (China) 2007; 19:222-225. [PMID: 17915733 DOI: 10.1016/s1001-0742(07)60036-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
A new phenol-degrading bacterium with high biodegradation activity and high tolerance of phenol, strain PD12, was isolated from the activated sludge of Tianjin Jizhuangzi Wastewater Treatment Facility in China. This strain was capable of removing 500 mg phenol/L in liquid minimal medium by 99.6% within 9 h and metabolizing phenol at concentrations up to 1100 mg/L. DNA sequencing and homologous analysis of 16S rRNA gene identified PD12 to be an Acinetobacter sp. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was used as a gel matrix to immobilize Acinetobacter sp. strain PD12 by repeated freezing and thawing. The factors affecting phenol degradation of immobilized cells were investigated, and the results showed that the immobilized cells could tolerate a high phenol level and protected the bacteria against changes in temperature and pH. Storage stability and reusability tests revealed that the phenol degradation functions of immobilized cells were stable after reuse for 50 times or storing at 4 degrees C for 50 d. These results indicate that immobilized Acinetobacter sp. strain PD12 possesses a good application potential in the treatment of phenol-containing wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Begoña Prieto M, Hidalgo A, Serra JL, Llama MJ. Degradation of phenol by Rhodococcus erythropolis UPV-1 immobilized on Biolite in a packed-bed reactor. J Biotechnol 2002; 97:1-11. [PMID: 12052678 DOI: 10.1016/s0168-1656(02)00022-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Rhodococcus erythropolis has been isolated and identified by 16S rRNA sequencing. Cells acclimated to phenol can be adsorbed on the external surface of beads of the ceramic support Biolite where they grow forming a network of large filaments. Exponentially-growing cells were adsorbed faster than their stationary-phase counterparts. Immobilization resulted in a remarkable enhancement of the respiratory activity of cells and a shorter lag phase preceding the active phenol degradation. Under optimum operation conditions, the immobilized cells in a laboratory-scale column reactor packed with support beads were able to degrade completely phenol in defined mineral medium at a maximum rate of 18 kg phenol m(-3) per day. The performance of the bioreactor in long-term continuous operation was characterized by pumping defined mineral medium which contained different concentrations of phenol at different flow-rates. Once phenol biodegradation in defined mineral medium was well established, an industrial wastewater from a resin manufacturing company, which contained both phenol and formaldehyde, was tested. In this case, after wastewater conditioning (i.e. pH, nitrogen source and micronutrient amendments) the immobilized cells were able to remove completely formaldehyde and to partly biodegrade phenols at a rate of 1 kg phenol m(-3) per day.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Begoña Prieto
- The Enzyme and Cell Technology Group, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, E-48080 Bilbao, Spain
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