1
|
Jiang Y, Qi Z, Zhu H, Shen K, Liu R, Fang C, Lou W, Jiang Y, Yuan W, Cao X, Chen L, Zhuang Q. Role of the globus pallidus in motor and non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. Neural Regen Res 2025; 20:1628-1643. [PMID: 38845220 DOI: 10.4103/nrr.nrr-d-23-01660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024] Open
Abstract
The globus pallidus plays a pivotal role in the basal ganglia circuit. Parkinson's disease is characterized by degeneration of dopamine-producing cells in the substantia nigra, which leads to dopamine deficiency in the brain that subsequently manifests as various motor and non-motor symptoms. This review aims to summarize the involvement of the globus pallidus in both motor and non-motor manifestations of Parkinson's disease. The firing activities of parvalbumin neurons in the medial globus pallidus, including both the firing rate and pattern, exhibit strong correlations with the bradykinesia and rigidity associated with Parkinson's disease. Increased beta oscillations, which are highly correlated with bradykinesia and rigidity, are regulated by the lateral globus pallidus. Furthermore, bradykinesia and rigidity are strongly linked to the loss of dopaminergic projections within the cortical-basal ganglia-thalamocortical loop. Resting tremors are attributed to the transmission of pathological signals from the basal ganglia through the motor cortex to the cerebellum-ventral intermediate nucleus circuit. The cortico-striato-pallidal loop is responsible for mediating pallidi-associated sleep disorders. Medication and deep brain stimulation are the primary therapeutic strategies addressing the globus pallidus in Parkinson's disease. Medication is the primary treatment for motor symptoms in the early stages of Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation has been clinically proven to be effective in alleviating symptoms in patients with advanced Parkinson's disease, particularly for the movement disorders caused by levodopa. Deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus internus can improve motor function in patients with tremor-dominant and non-tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease, while deep brain stimulation targeting the globus pallidus externus can alter the temporal pattern of neural activity throughout the basal ganglia-thalamus network. Therefore, the composition of the globus pallidus neurons, the neurotransmitters that act on them, their electrical activity, and the neural circuits they form can guide the search for new multi-target drugs to treat Parkinson's disease in clinical practice. Examining the potential intra-nuclear and neural circuit mechanisms of deep brain stimulation associated with the globus pallidus can facilitate the management of both motor and non-motor symptoms while minimizing the side effects caused by deep brain stimulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yimiao Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Zengxin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huixian Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Kangli Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Ruiqi Liu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Chenxin Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Weiwei Lou
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yifan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Wangrui Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xin Cao
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institute of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qianxing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yamaguchi T, Aihara A, Mashiko S, Kurosawa E, Oizumi T, Yamagata T, Ishiki A, Ueda J, Fujikawa Y, Kanno A, Sumitomo K, Ohara T, Furukawa K. Exacerbation of delirium and epileptic seizures in an older man with idiopathic Parkinson's disease due to multiple prescriptions: a case report. Front Med (Lausanne) 2024; 11:1415988. [PMID: 39091287 PMCID: PMC11291346 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1415988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Parkinson's disease (PD) is a disorder characterized by motor symptoms, such as rigidity, akinesia, and resting tremor, as well as non-motor symptoms, including psychiatric manifestations and autonomic failure. The prevalence of PD increases with age, and the condition is more common in men than in women. Conversely, polypharmacy has emerged as a paramount medical concern, especially among older patients, correlating with medicines' adverse effects, interactions between medicines, frequent admissions to the hospital, and a high risk of morbidity and mortality. Case description We encountered an older male patient with idiopathic PD and mild renal dysfunction. Originally prescribed 14 types of medicines, including anti-PD drugs, the patient developed delirium and epileptic seizures during hospitalization. After reducing the number of medications, including amantadine, the symptoms significantly improved. This clinical course suggests that polypharmacy, in addition to PD itself, poses a significant risk of delirium and epileptic seizures, even in patients with mild renal dysfunction. Conclusion This report is indicative of the risk of polypharmacy and highlights the importance of citing drug interactions for a correct diagnosis in patients presenting with complex symptoms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsutoshi Furukawa
- Division of Geriatric and Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Sendai, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen Y, Xiong SH, Li F, Kong XJ, Ouyang DF, Zheng Y, Yu H, Hu YJ. Delivery of therapeutic small interfering RNA: The current patent-based landscape. MOLECULAR THERAPY - NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 29:150-161. [PMID: 35847171 PMCID: PMC9263868 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2022.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Implementing small interfering RNA (siRNA) is a promising therapy because it silences disease-related genes theoretically. However, the efficient delivery of siRNA is challenging, which limits its therapeutic applications. Various pharmaceutical delivery systems containing key technologies have been developed and patented, which are of great concern to developers in the field. Despite numerous studies devoted to siRNA-delivery technologies, few researchers have systematically examined relevant patents. Patents, as bridges connecting academic progress with applicable innovation, encapsulate cumulative technological innovations and provide valuable information for academic research and commercial development. This study aims to analyze advances in therapeutic siRNA delivery technology from a patent perspective. A total of 11,509 patent documents from 3,309 patent families were collected, classified into 10 technological categories, and comprehensively analyzed. An overall patent landscape of siRNA delivery was presented from the temporal, spatial, organizational, and technological dimensions. This work is expected to help researchers and developers in the field of siRNA delivery form a basis for decision-making by combining our findings with supplementary data.
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang T, Chen J, Lu Y, Yang X, Ouyang Z. Identification of technology frontiers of artificial intelligence-assisted pathology based on patent citation network. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273355. [PMID: 35994484 PMCID: PMC9394838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This paper aimed to identify the technology frontiers of artificial intelligence-assisted pathology based on patent citation network. METHODS Patents related to artificial intelligence-assisted pathology were searched and collected from the Derwent Innovation Index (DII), which were imported into Derwent Data Analyzer (DDA, Clarivate Derwent, New York, NY, USA) for authority control, and imported into the freely available computer program Ucinet 6 for drawing the patent citation network. The patent citation network according to the citation relationship could describe the technology development context in the field of artificial intelligence-assisted pathology. The patent citations were extracted from the collected patent data, selected highly cited patents to form a co-occurrence matrix, and built a patent citation network based on the co-occurrence matrix in each period. Text clustering is an unsupervised learning method, an important method in text mining, where similar documents are grouped into clusters. The similarity between documents are determined by calculating the distance between them, and the two documents with the closest distance are combined. The method of text clustering was used to identify the technology frontiers based on the patent citation network, which was according to co-word analysis of the title and abstract of the patents in this field. RESULTS 1704 patents were obtained in the field of artificial intelligence-assisted pathology, which had been currently undergoing three stages, namely the budding period (1992-2000), the development period (2001-2015), and the rapid growth period (2016-2021). There were two technology frontiers in the budding period (1992-2000), namely systems and methods for image data processing in computerized tomography (CT), and immunohistochemistry (IHC), five technology frontiers in the development period (2001-2015), namely spectral analysis methods of biomacromolecules, pathological information system, diagnostic biomarkers, molecular pathology diagnosis, and pathological diagnosis antibody, and six technology frontiers in the rapid growth period (2016-2021), namely digital pathology (DP), deep learning (DL) algorithms-convolutional neural networks (CNN), disease prediction models, computational pathology, pathological image analysis method, and intelligent pathological system. CONCLUSIONS Artificial intelligence-assisted pathology was currently in a rapid development period, and computational pathology, DL and other technologies in this period all involved the study of algorithms. Future research hotspots in this field would focus on algorithm improvement and intelligent diagnosis in order to realize the precise diagnosis. The results of this study presented an overview of the characteristics of research status and development trends in the field of artificial intelligence-assisted pathology, which could help readers broaden innovative ideas and discover new technological opportunities, and also served as important indicators for government policymaking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Zhang
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Chen
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Lu
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyi Yang
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaolian Ouyang
- Institute of Medical Information & Library, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zarenezhad E, Farjam M, Iraji A. Synthesis and biological activity of pyrimidines-containing hybrids: Focusing on pharmacological application. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
6
|
Small-molecule inhibitors of α-synuclein for the treatment of Parkinson's disease: a patent landscape. Pharm Pat Anal 2020; 9:63-65. [PMID: 32602809 DOI: 10.4155/ppa-2020-0008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
7
|
Abstract
The worldwide active patent portfolio has nearly doubled in numbers and strength since 2000. The number of active pharmaceutical patent families has tripled in the same time period. The quantitative growth results mostly from a surge of patents from China, half of them classified in A61K36 ('medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants'). High-quality patents exhibit a slower growth curve, and cluster within the three areas biologicals; heterocyclic compounds, and cancer drugs. However, the highest concentration of high-quality patents was found when selecting patents listing inventors from at least two out of the five most important countries of origin for pharmaceutical patents: China, EP countries, Japan, South Korea and the USA.
Collapse
|
8
|
Sharma S, Hatware K, Bhadane P, Sindhikar S, Mishra DK. Recent advances in microneedle composites for biomedical applications: Advanced drug delivery technologies. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 103:109717. [PMID: 31349403 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In the twenty-first century, microneedles based drug delivery is drawing attention worldwide in the research due to current signs of progress in the controlled release drug delivery through microneedles. The microneedles represent a promising technology to deliver therapeutic compounds into the skin for chronic complications like osteoporosis, diabetes, cancer and induction of immune responses from protein and DNA vaccines. However, the delivery of hydrophilic drugs and macromolecular agents are challenging. In this write up authors included the meticulous illustration of the chronological development of fabrication of microneedles with respect to an assortment of techniques, their modifications, clinical trials and regulatory perspectives period of 2000-2019. This review summarizes characterization, fabrications, biological applications and challenges. Additionally, relevant patents based on microneedle from USPTO) database are also highlighted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Sharma
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ketan Hatware
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prashant Bhadane
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sainath Sindhikar
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India
| | - Dinesh K Mishra
- NMIMS, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, Shirpur, Maharashtra, India.
| |
Collapse
|