1
|
Lee YT, Yuan Q, Zhang Y, Samari E, Goveas R, Ng LL, Subramaniam M. Evaluating a mobile-based intervention to promote the mental health of informal dementia caregivers in Singapore: Study protocol for a pilot two-armed randomised controlled trial. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0305729. [PMID: 38913625 PMCID: PMC11195940 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0305729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) often suffer adverse impacts on their mental health and require interventions for effective support. As they are often occupied with providing care, web-based interventions could be more convenient and efficient for them. However, there is currently a dearth of evidence-based mobile interventions to enhance the mental well-being of dementia caregivers locally, especially ones that are user-centered and culturally relevant. Hence, having designed an app based on feedback from local dementia caregivers, this study will evaluate the effectiveness of this mobile app in promoting the mental health of informal caregivers of PWD in Singapore. METHODS A pilot two-armed randomised controlled trial will be conducted on 60 informal caregivers of PWD recruited via convenience and snowball sampling. Thirty participants will be assigned to the intervention group, while another 30 will be in a waiting-list control group. Questionnaires will be administered at baseline and one month after, with the primary outcome being the difference in the change of depressive symptoms among the two groups. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Primary analyses will follow the intention-to-treat principle and compare changes from baseline to the one-month follow-up time point relative to the control group. A repeated measures ANOVA will be conducted to examine differences between the groups over time. SIGNIFICANCE To our knowledge, this is the first study in Singapore that seeks to promote the mental health of informal dementia caregivers through a mobile-based intervention. The findings can inform the development and evaluation of future evidence-based digital interventions for local informal caregivers of PWD to address the gap in availability of such resources for them. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05551533). Registration date: September 22, 2022.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Ting Lee
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - YunJue Zhang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Ellaisha Samari
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard Goveas
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Ling Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Huggins M, Puurveen G, Pesut B, Rush K. Competency development for a volunteer navigation program to support caregivers of people living with dementia: A modified e-Delphi method. DEMENTIA 2024; 23:69-90. [PMID: 37976553 PMCID: PMC10797849 DOI: 10.1177/14713012231216768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Caregivers of people living with dementia are pillars of the care community. Providing them with adequate support throughout their caregiving journey is essential to their quality of life and may also contribute to improving the care of people living with dementia. Nav-CARE (Navigation - Connecting, Advocating, Resourcing, Engaging) is a volunteer-led navigation program that provides support to older adults with life-limiting illnesses who are living in the community. However, Nav-CARE does not provide support directly to caregivers of people living with dementia. To adapt Nav-CARE to support caregivers, we needed to establish caregivers' needs and the competencies volunteer navigators should be trained in to support caregivers to meet these needs. To do so, a modified e-Delphi method was utilized, which consisted of administering three sequential questionnaires to a panel of 35 individuals with expertise in a variety of dementia related domains. Through this, two final lists of 46 caregivers' needs and 41 volunteer competencies were established to inform the development of volunteer navigator training curriculum. Findings suggest that trained volunteer navigators may be able to support caregivers of people living with dementia throughout the disease trajectory and can be used to inform the development of future dementia navigation programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Madison Huggins
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna BC, Canada
| | - Gloria Puurveen
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna BC, Canada
| | - Barb Pesut
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna BC, Canada
| | - Kathy Rush
- Faculty of Health and Social Development, University of British Columbia Okanagan, Kelowna BC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jagoda T, Dharmaratne S, Rathnayake S. Informal carers' information needs in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of people with dementia and related mHealth applications: a systematic integrative review to inform the design of an mHealth application. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e069378. [PMID: 37169501 PMCID: PMC10439342 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-069378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review and synthesise the evidence on informal carers' information needs in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) of their care recipients and related mobile health (mHealth) applications to inform the design of an mHealth application. DESIGN This is a systematic integrative review guided by Whittemore and Knafl's five-stages framework. Six databases were searched: Cochrane, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, ProQuest and PsycINFO. The key concepts included 'dementia', 'behavioural and psychological symptoms', 'informal carers' and ('information need' or 'mHealth application'). Peer-reviewed full-text articles published in English from 2000 to 2022 were included. The methodological rigour of studies was analysed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool V.2018. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses-2020 reporting guidelines were followed. RESULTS This review included 34 studies, including quantitative (n=13), qualitative (n=17) and mixed-method (n=4) studies. Four major themes emerged from the reported studies: the need for addressing information needs on managing BPSD, the role of support systems in managing BPSD, self-care for carers and the role of mHealth applications in providing education and support for carers. In managing BPSD, carers seek knowledge about dementia and BPSD, the roles of the carers and misconceptions about BPSD. One study reported an mHealth application to monitor the behavioural issues of people with dementia. CONCLUSION Informal carers of people with dementia face a number of challenges when providing care for BPSD of their care recipients. The lack of knowledge on managing BPSD is a significant challenge. Support systems such as professional, social, residential, legal and eHealth have a significant role in managing the BPSD of people with dementia in the community. mHealth interventions are sparse to support BPSD management. These findings can be used in designing an mHealth application that addresses needs related to managing BPSD of informal carers of people with dementia. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER CRD42021238540.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilanka Jagoda
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Sri Jayewardenepura, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka
| | - Samath Dharmaratne
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
- Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation, Department of Health Metrics Sciences, School of Medicine University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Sarath Rathnayake
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abdalrahim A, Alamoush KM, ALBashtawy M, Hamaideh SH, Mohammad KI, Alkhawaldeh A, Alazzam M, Alhroub N, Suliman M, ALBashtawy B. Jordanian Community People's Knowledge of and Attitudes Toward Dementia. SAGE Open Nurs 2023; 9:23779608231201052. [PMID: 37705733 PMCID: PMC10496485 DOI: 10.1177/23779608231201052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Limited research exists on the knowledge and attitudes of Jordanian community residents toward people with dementia (PwD). As the prevalence of dementia is anticipated to increase, there is a critical need for informed knowledge and positive attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian community. Objectives This study aimed to evaluate people's knowledge of and attitudes toward PwD and identify the predictors of dementia knowledge and attitudes. Methods The study employed a cross-sectional research design and utilized a self-administered questionnaire as the primary data collection method. The study employed the Alzheimer's Disease Knowledge Scale (ADKS) to evaluate the knowledge of the participants, and the Dementia Attitudes Scale (DAS) was utilized to assess their attitudes in the Jordanian community. Multiple regression analysis was performed to find relevant factors influencing knowledge of and attitude toward dementia. Results The study's 346 participants revealed limited knowledge about dementia, with an average ADKS score of 17.21 out of 30. However, participants showed a positive attitude toward dementia, as evidenced by a mean DAS score of 88 out of 140. Statistical analysis demonstrated significantly higher knowledge scores among employed individuals (P < .05), while females exhibited significantly higher attitude scores (P < .05). Participants with experience in geriatric clinical practice, dementia education or training, informal caregiving experience, and a desire to learn more about dementia also exhibited significantly higher knowledge and attitude scores (P < .05). Conclusion The study offers preliminary insights into the knowledge and attitudes toward dementia in the Jordanian population. The findings underscore the importance of continuing education and training to increase knowledge and understanding of dementia. Improving dementia care and support in Jordan requires enhancing knowledge and attitudes toward dementia. The study findings were presented to policymakers, with recommendations for strategic planning and the development of awareness programs. Future research can build upon these findings and promote evidence-based practices in dementia care and community awareness programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Asem Abdalrahim
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammed ALBashtawy
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Shaher H. Hamaideh
- Community and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Khitam Ibrahem Mohammad
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing, University of Science &Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Abdullah Alkhawaldeh
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Manar Alazzam
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | | | - Mohammad Suliman
- Department of Community and Mental Health, Princess Salma Faculty of Nursing, Al al-Bayt University, Mafraq, Jordan
| | - Bayan ALBashtawy
- Jordan Ministry of Health, Bachelor of Medicine and Surgery, Irbid, Jordan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pacifico D, Fiordelli M, Fadda M, Serena S, Piumatti G, Carlevaro F, Magno F, Franscella G, Albanese E. Dementia is (not) a natural part of ageing: a cross-sectional study on dementia knowledge and misconceptions in Swiss and Italian young adults, adults, and older adults. BMC Public Health 2022; 22:2176. [PMID: 36434540 PMCID: PMC9701025 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-14578-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing public awareness and understanding of dementia is the second key action area of the 2017 WHO Global action plan on a public health response to dementia. To achieve this aim, the first indispensable step is to understand the average level of dementia knowledge and to identify areas of low dementia knowledge. We aimed to quantify dementia knowledge in the general population, and to explore the extent to which it differs by age, sex, education, and indirect experience with dementia. METHODS We conducted an online cross-sectional survey in two Italian-speaking sites, south Switzerland (Ticino) and northern Italy (Piedmont). The survey was distributed between September and December 2019. We registered socio-demographic characteristics including whether the participant had contact with a person living with dementia, and measured dementia knowledge with the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Survey (DKAS). RESULTS Misconceptions about dementia were common among respondents, and lack of knowledge has been identified in dementia causes, characteristics, risk factors, and health promotion. Our results point out the lack of knowledge about how to communicate and relate with, and take care of a person living with dementia. The overall DKAS score was significantly and positively associated with female sex (β = 0.21; p < 0.001), educational level (β = 0.15; p < 0.001) and contact with a person living with dementia (β = 0.17; p < 0.001), but not with age (β = -0.01; p = 0.57). CONCLUSION Our results confirmed that general population's knowledge of dementia is thin. Interventional studies that rely on participatory action research methods are warranted to co-design interventions aimed at improving dementia knowledge and understanding in the public.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Pacifico
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Maddalena Fiordelli
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Marta Fadda
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Sabatini Serena
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Fabio Carlevaro
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesca Magno
- grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580Polo Universitario Asti Studi Superiori (Uni-Astiss), University of Turin, Turin, Italy ,grid.7605.40000 0001 2336 6580University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Giovanni Franscella
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- grid.29078.340000 0001 2203 2861Institute of Public Health, Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università Della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland ,grid.8591.50000 0001 2322 4988Department of Psychiatry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nugraha S, Tondokoro T, Susilowati IH, Hasiholan BP, Alimoeso S, Rahardjo TBW, Takagi K, Wada K. Knowledge about Dementia and its Associated Factors: Study among the Middle-aged Population in Indonesia. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2022.8892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Dementia is a general term for loss of memory, language, problem solving, and other thinking skills that can interfere with daily life. Dementia is generally experienced by the older people. Nearly 10 million new cases of dementia reported each year, and more than 50% of dementia patients live in low and middle-income countries. With these potentially increasing number of dementia cases, accurate knowledge about dementia is essential for the community as it could be beneficial for the quality of care and reducing its progression.
AIM: This study aimed to assess knowledge about dementia in the middle-aged age group and to determine the sociodemographic factors associated with knowledge about dementia in Indonesia.
METHODS: A cross-sectional survey targeted the middle-aged population (40–59 years old), using an online questionnaire examining sociodemographic characteristics (age, gender, occupation), living arrangements, and the Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale.
RESULTS: A total of 1147 respondents were examined, revealing that more than 67% of the participants had poor knowledge about dementia. We revealed that female gender, younger age, and higher occupational level were significantly associated with good knowledge about dementia in various subscales. Interestingly, the living arrangements showed no significant association with knowledge about dementia in any subscale.
CONCLUSION: The results emphasize the importance of intensive public health awareness to improve public knowledge about dementia in Indonesia, specifically targeting men and older individuals, as well as those with lower occupational levels.
Collapse
|
7
|
Siddiqui F, Nistala KRY, Quek CWN, Shi Ying Leong V, Ying Shan Tan A, En Tan CY, Hilal S. Knowledge, Attitudes, and Perceptions Toward Dementia Among Middle-Aged Singapore Residents. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:231-244. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-215262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background: Dementia is the decline in cognitive function sufficient to impair one’s accustomed functioning. Countries with aging populations, such as Singapore, face rising rates of dementia. Dementia patients and their caregivers endure great financial and emotional stress. With the broad aim of minimizing these stresses, this study provides a cross-sectional view of the knowledge, attitudes, and perceptions (KAP) towards dementia in middle-aged Singaporean residents. Objective: We aim to examine 1) the associations between demographic correlates and KAP; and 2) the effect of dementia knowledge on attitudes and perceptions towards dementia. Methods: An online anonymous cross-sectional questionnaire was administered to Singaporeans and Permanent Residents aged 45 to 65 years old in English, Mandarin, and Malay. Knowledge was evaluated across three domains: symptoms, risk factors, and management. Total and domain scores were dichotomized as good or poor knowledge using median cut-offs. Attitudes/perceptions across six domains were evaluated on Likert scales, and responses to each question were dichotomized into positive or negative attitudes/perceptions. Results: From 1,733 responses, 1,209 valid complete responses were accepted (mean age±SD 54.8±5.12 years old, females = 69.6%). Lower socioeconomic status was associated with poorer knowledge and greater barriers to risk-mitigating lifestyle modifications. Lack of personal experience with dementia and poor knowledge were also associated with erroneous attitudes/perceptions. Conclusion: Socioeconomic status and personal experience affect KAP towards dementia. Policy and education campaigns to address KAP towards dementia should account for baseline differences across demographics, for greater improvements in dementia incidence and support.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Siddiqui
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Saima Hilal
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, Singapore
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore
- Memory Aging and Cognition Centre, National University Health System, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Sung HC, Su HF, Wang HM, Koo M, Lo RY. Psychometric properties of the dementia knowledge assessment scale-traditional Chinese among home care workers in Taiwan. BMC Psychiatry 2021; 21:515. [PMID: 34666713 PMCID: PMC8527683 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-021-03530-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Dementia Knowledge Assessment Scale (DKAS) is a reliable and valid measurement of dementia knowledge for diverse allied health professionals but its traditional Chinese version has not been formally validated yet. The purpose of this study was to translate the DKAS from English to traditional Chinese and evaluate its psychometric properties among home care workers in Taiwan. METHODS The DKAS scale was translated into traditional Chinese through a forward translation and back translation process following the cross-cultural translation guideline. A total of 285 home care workers in eastern Taiwan were recruited using convenience sample. A total of 252 participants completed the questionnaires, giving a response rate of 88.4%. We tested the construct validity by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and evaluated the reliability by internal consistency. RESULTS The results of the CFA supported the 25-item, four-factor model for the DKAS-TC. The DKAS-TC achieved a good overall Cronbach's alpha of .93 and McDonald's omega of 0.94 with acceptable subscales McDonald's omega ranged from .77 to .82. CONCLUSIONS The DKAS-TC has adequate construct validity and reliability and can serve as an assessment tool to evaluate the knowledge level of home care workers in a dementia training program in Taiwan. The dementia knowledge level among home care workers in Taiwan was inadequate. There is a need for developing suitable dementia care training tailored to their learning needs and educational levels, and to improve their quality of care for those with dementia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huei-Chuan Sung
- Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046, Taiwan. .,Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Feng Su
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Department of Nursing, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Mei Wang
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Malcolm Koo
- grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222Graduate Institute of Long-term Care, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, No. 880, Sec. 2, Chien-Kuo Road, Hualien, 970046 Taiwan
| | - Raymond Y. Lo
- Division of Cognitive/Geriatric Neurology, Department of Neurology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan ,grid.411824.a0000 0004 0622 7222School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yuan Q, Tan GTH, Wang P, Devi F, Goveas R, Magadi H, Ng LL, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Combining a variable-centered and a person-centered analytical approach to caregiving burden - a holistic approach. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:286. [PMID: 33931027 PMCID: PMC8086073 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-021-02238-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Informal caregivers of persons with dementia often experience elevated levels of caregiving burden. However, existing studies tend to use a variable-centered approach to explore it. This study aims to understand the caregiving burden of informal caregivers of persons with dementia in Singapore through a combination of variable-centered and person-centered analytical approaches, and explore the correlates of identified factors and latent classes of caregiving burden. Methods Zarit Burden Interview was used to gauge the caregiving burden of 282 primary informal caregivers of persons with dementia recruited through convenience sampling in Singapore. Factor analysis and latent class analysis were conducted to identify the latent factors and the latent classes of Zarit Burden Interview, followed by multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression to explore their significant correlates. Results The analyses suggested a 17-item 3-factor structure for Zarit burden interview and three mutually exclusive caregiving burden classes. Regression analyses found that caregiving related variables especially care recipients’ memory and behaviour problems were correlated with both the factors and latent classes of caregiving burden. Conclusions The combination of these two approaches suggests that caregivers experiencing higher burden on one domain are likely to experience higher burden on the other two domains. This further supports the point that more attention should be given to caregivers who experience an overall high burden. Future research could explore the generalizability of our findings among caregivers elsewhere and explore the type of support needed by caregivers, especially those experiencing high burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Gregory Tee Hng Tan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard Goveas
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Harish Magadi
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Ling Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Buangkok Green Medical Park, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tan GTH, Yuan Q, Devi F, Wang P, Ng LL, Goveas R, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Factors associated with caregiving self-efficacy among primary informal caregivers of persons with dementia in Singapore. BMC Geriatr 2021; 21:13. [PMID: 33407201 PMCID: PMC7789728 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-020-01951-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) are often associated with negative health outcomes. Self-efficacy in dementia caregiving has been reported to have protective effects on caregiver’s health. This study aims to examine the factors associated with the domains of caregiving self-efficacy among informal caregivers in Singapore, a country with a rapidly aging population and a 10% prevalence of dementia among older adults. Methods Two hundred eighty-two informal caregivers were recruited and data including participant’s caregiving self-efficacy, sociodemographic information, perceived social support, positive aspects of caregiving, knowledge of dementia, as well as behavioral and memory problems of care recipients were collected. A confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed for the 3-factor model of the Revised Scale for Caregiving Self-Efficacy (RSCSE), and multiple linear regressions were conducted using the RSCSE subscales as dependent variables. Results Our CFA found that the RSCSE 3-factor model proposed by the original scale developer was an acceptable fit among informal caregivers in Singapore. Having established that the 3-factor model of the RSCSE was compatible among our sample, a series of multiple regressions were conducted using each of the factors as a dependent variable. Regressions revealed several factors that were significantly associated with caregiving self-efficacy. Importantly, outlook on life was positively associated to all 3 domains of the RSCSE, while social support was positively associated with self-efficacy in obtaining respite and controlling upsetting thoughts. Conclusion The 3-factor model of the RSCSE was found to be an appropriate fit for our sample. Findings from this study elucidated important novel insights into the factors that influences caregiving self-efficacy amongst informal caregivers in Singapore. Crucially, caregivers’ outlook on life and social support should be improved in order to enhance their caregiving self-efficacy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li Ling Ng
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Richard Goveas
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | | |
Collapse
|