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Ma N, Tan J, Chen Y, Yang L, Li M, He Y. MicroRNAs in metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases: Pathogenesis and therapeutic opportunities. FASEB J 2024; 38:e70038. [PMID: 39250169 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202401464r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/13/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/10/2024]
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated diseases often refer to various diseases caused by metabolic problems such as glucose and lipid metabolism disorders. With the improvement of living standards, the increasing prevalence of metabolic diseases has become a severe public health problem, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), alcohol-related liver disease (ALD), diabetes and obesity. These diseases are both independent and interdependent, with complex and diverse molecular mechanisms. Therefore, it is urgent to explore the molecular mechanisms and find effective therapeutic targets of these diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as key regulators of metabolic homoeostasis due to their multitargets and network regulatory properties within the past few decades. In this review, we discussed the latest progress in the roles of miRNA-mediated regulatory networks in the development and progression of MASLD, ALD, diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningning Ma
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaxin Tan
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingfen Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Man Li
- Laboratory of Cellular Immunity, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shuguang Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong He
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica (SIMM), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Heidari L, Ghaderian SMH, Bastami M, Hosseini S, Alipour Parsa S, Heidari S, Jafari H, Sohrabifar N, Pirhoushiaran M. Reverse expression pattern of sirtuin-1 and histone deacetylase-9 in coronary artery disease. Arch Physiol Biochem 2023; 129:46-53. [PMID: 32758009 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1797100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND SIRT1 and HDAC 9 genes are related to inflammation and may contribute to the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). We aimed to evaluate the expression level, methylation profile and polymorphisms of these genes in CAD patients. METHODS In this study, 50 CAD patients and 50 healthy individuals were recruited. The expression level change was evaluated using the TaqMan Real-Time PCR method. The methylation of genes promoter and genotyping of polymorphisms were evaluated by the HRM. RESULTS The expression level of SIRT1 was reduced while the HDAC9 expression level showed a significant elevation (p < .001). The SIRT1 gene promoter was hypomethylated and the HDAC9 gene promoter was hypermethylated in CAD patients. Also, CG + GG genotype in SIRT1 and both genotypes in the HDAC9 gene were associated with expression change. CONCLUSIONS SIRT1 and HDAC9 genes, expression changes can be suggested as a potential biomarker for CAD detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laleh Heidari
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Bastami
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Shadi Hosseini
- Department of Medical Genetics Ward, Imam Khomeini, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Alipour Parsa
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahel Heidari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Department of Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Jondishapour University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nasim Sohrabifar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Pirhoushiaran
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Sohrabifar N, Ghaderian SMH, Alipour Parsa S, Ghaedi H, Jafari H. Variation in the expression level of MALAT1, MIAT and XIST lncRNAs in coronary artery disease patients with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1308-1315. [PMID: 32447981 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1768410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The MALAT1, MIAT, and XIST long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in the pathogenesis of complex diseases and also serve as diagnostic markers. The study aimed to assess their expressions in CAD patients with or without T2DM against diabetic and non-diabetic controls.Methods: The expression levels of three lncRNAs in 50 CAD patients (with or without diabetes) and 50 non-CAD subjects (with or without diabetes) were evaluated by using the TaqMan Assay method.Results: MALAT1 and MIAT were upregulated in CAD patients (p Value= .0008 and .0078, respectively). The expression level of XIST was significantly elevated diabetic compared to non-diabetic CAD patients (p Value= .0003). MALAT1 gene had the highest diagnostic power for discrimination of CAD patients from controls (AUC= 0.682, p Value=.001).Conclusions: The current study supports the participation of lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of CAD and T2DM and highlights their potential as diagnostic biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasim Sohrabifar
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Alipour Parsa
- Department of Cardiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Ghaedi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hossein Jafari
- Faculty of Medicine, Abadan University of Medical Sciences, Abadan, Iran
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Zeng H, Hu F, Duan Y, Li H, Wang Y. Expression of lncRNA APF in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Caused by Coronary Heart Disease and its Clinical Significance. Int Heart J 2022; 63:742-748. [PMID: 35831141 DOI: 10.1536/ihj.21-434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Coronary heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death from cardiovascular disease. This study investigated the expression and clinical significance of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) autophagy promoting factor (APF) in peripheral blood of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) caused by CHD. Patients with angina pectoris (AP) (n = 80) and AMI (n = 96) and other patients (n = 60) with precordial discomfort but no CHD were included. The serum levels of lncRNA APF, MIAT, MALAT1, H19, CHAST, CDR1AS, miR-188-3p, and cardiac troponin I (cTnI) /creatine kinase (CK) /creatine kinase isozymes (CK-MB) were detected using reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Patients with AMI were divided into high/low expression groups based on the median level of APF, and the clinical baseline indicators of patients with AMI were compared. The correlation between lncRNA APF and cTnI/CK/CK-MB/miR-188-3p was analyzed using Pearson analysis, and the clinical value of lncRNA APF was evaluated using the receiver operating characteristic curve. The levels of lncRNA APF, MIAT, MALAT1, H19, CHAST, and CDR1AS in patients with AMI were increased, whereas there were no differences in patients with AP. The APF levels in patients with AMI were higher than MIAT, MALAT1, and CHAST, whereas there were no differences between APF and H19 and CDR1AS. In patients with AMI, the high level of lncRNA APF was correlated with the history of smoking/drinking. Moreover, lncRNA APF was positively correlated with cTnI/CK/CK-MB levels and negatively correlated with miR-188-3p. LncRNA APF has high diagnostic efficacy for AMI. Overall, lncRNA APF is highly expressed in patients with AMI caused by CHD and has high diagnostic efficacy for AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haitao Zeng
- Department of Cardiology, Changsha Third Hospital
| | - Fangxing Hu
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Changsha Third Hospital
| | - Yong Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Changsha Third Hospital
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Cardiology, Changsha Third Hospital
| | - Yong Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Changsha Third Hospital
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Abbaskhani H, Seifati SM, Salmani T, Vojdani S, Al-Rubaye S, Yaseen R, Hajiesmaeili Y, Ghaderian SMH. Evaluating changes in the expression of BCL-2 gene, lncRNA SRA, and miR-361-3p in unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss. NUCLEOSIDES, NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2022; 41:891-899. [PMID: 35737431 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2085298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Unexplained recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) composed almost half of all diagnosed miscarriage cases. As the apoptosis pathway is involved in the pregnancy process the present investigation aimed to assess the differential expression of the BCL-2 gene, SRA lncRNA, miR-361-3p in unexplained RPL patients. In this study, RNA was isolated from 50 blood samples of people with a history of RPL, and 50 blood samples of people with healthy fertility. After cDNA synthesis from these samples, alterations in the expression levels of the above-mentioned genes were examined by Real-Time PCR. Our results showed that the expression of BCL-2 and lncRNA SRA was significantly higher in the blood samples of RPL patients than in controls, while the expression of miR-361-3p was significantly downregulated. Besides, there were significant correlations between the changes in the expression of lncRNA SRA and miR-361-3p with BCL-2, in positive and negative directions, respectively. Also, miR-361-3p presented as a good diagnostic marker with the highest AUC value to discriminate between RPL and the healthy control subjects. These results proposed that ncRNAs may have a significant role in the regulation of apoptosis relates genes expression in RPL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haleh Abbaskhani
- Biology Department, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Morteza Seifati
- Biology Department, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, Ashkezar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashkezar, Yazd, Iran
| | - Tayyebali Salmani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Vojdani
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saja Al-Rubaye
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rusul Yaseen
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Nazarenko MS, Koroleva IA, Zarubin AA, Sleptcov AA. miRNA Regulome in Different Atherosclerosis Phenotypes. Mol Biol 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893322020108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Vojdani S, Ghaderian SMH, Zali A, Rakhshan A, Oraee Yazdani S, Poursheikhani A, Bidari Zerehpoush F, Sharifi G. Altered expression of EGFR and miR-34a derived from serum and tumoral tissue was associated with glioblastoma multiform. Exp Mol Pathol 2021; 121:104655. [PMID: 34062187 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2021.104655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is the most prevalent and invasive brain malignancy in adults. There are ongoing researches to introduce novel and non-invasive potential biomarkers for the early detection of GBM. METHODS Here we compared the expression of EGFR, miR-34a, and miR-19a between tumoral and adjacent non-cancerous tissues (ANCTs) of 50 GBM patients and also compared their expression levels in serum samples of GBM patients with serum samples of 50 control subjects. RESULTS The expression level of the EGFR gene was elevated in GBM tissues in comparison to the corresponding ANCTs (P < 0.0001) and also was higher in the serum sample of patients compared with control serum (P < 0.0001). The miR-34a was significantly downregulated in serum samples as well as tissues obtained from GBM patients compared with the corresponding controls (expression ratio = 0.57 and 0.4, P = 0.02 and 0.001 respectively). CONCLUSIONS Dysregulation of the EGFR gene and miR-34a in serum samples of GBM patients compared with the control subjects promises the emergence of non-invasive biomarkers for early detection of GBM which need confirmative studies with a large sample size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Vojdani
- Department of Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sayyed Mohammad Hossein Ghaderian
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Urogenital Stem Cell Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Alireza Zali
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aazadeh Rakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Shohada-e-Tajrish Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Oraee Yazdani
- Functional Neurosurgery Research Center, Shohada Tajrish Neurosurgical Center of Excellence, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Poursheikhani
- Medical Genetics Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Science, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farahnaz Bidari Zerehpoush
- Department of Pathology, Medical School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, HakimLoghman Hospital, Tehran, Iran
| | - Giuve Sharifi
- Skull Base Research Center, Loghman Hakim Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurosurgical Science, Loghman Hospital, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Ghafouri-Fard S, Gholipour M, Taheri M. Role of MicroRNAs in the Pathogenesis of Coronary Artery Disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:632392. [PMID: 33912599 PMCID: PMC8072222 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.632392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the main reason of cardiovascular mortalities worldwide. This condition is resulted from atherosclerotic occlusion of coronary arteries. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are implicated in the regulation of proliferation and apoptosis of endothelial cells, induction of immune responses and different stages of plaque formation. Up-regulation of miR-92a-3p, miR-206, miR-216a, miR-574-5p, miR-23a, miR-499, miR-451, miR-21, miR-146a, and a number of other miRNAs has been reported in CAD patients. In contrast, miR-20, miR-107, miR-330, miR-383-3p, miR-939, miR-4306, miR-181a-5p, miR-218, miR-376a-3p, and miR-3614 are among down-regulated miRNAs in CAD. Differential expression of miRNAs in CAD patients has been exploited to design diagnostic or prognostic panels for evaluation of CAD patients. We appraise the recent knowledge about the role of miRNAs in the development of diverse clinical subtypes of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soudeh Ghafouri-Fard
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdi Gholipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taheri
- Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu Q, Li Y, Zhou Y. MicroRNA-489-3p plays a significant role in congenital hypothyroidism through regulating neuronal cell apoptosis via targeting translationally controlled tumor protein 1. Exp Ther Med 2021; 21:229. [PMID: 33603838 PMCID: PMC7851619 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.9660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating reports have indicated that congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an endocrine disorder caused by underdeveloped thyroid gland or thyroid dyshormonogenesis. It has been also reported that certain microRNAs (miRNAs) may exert protective effects against the development of CH. However, whether miR-489-3p regulates CH progression remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of miR-489-3p on CH and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. Therefore, Sprague Dawley rats were injected with propylthiouracil (50 mg/day) to establish a CH model. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay demonstrated that miR-489-3p was upregulated in the hippocampal tissues of CH rats. Furthermore, the TargetScan software was employed to predict the target gene of miR-489-3p, and a dual luciferase reporter assay revealed that translationally controlled tumor protein 1 (TPT1) was directly targeted by miR-489-3p. Additionally, RT-qPCR and western blot assays suggested that TPT1 was markedly downregulated in the hippocampal tissues of CH rats compared with control rats. In addition, inhibitor control, miR-489-3p inhibitor, control-shRNA or TPT1-shRNA were injected into CH rats. The results of the open-field and forced swimming tests revealed that miR-489-3p inhibitor notably improved the behavior of CH rats. Flow cytometry was applied to explore the effects of miR-489-3p inhibitor on neuronal cell apoptosis, and the findings indicated that miR-489-3p inhibitor attenuated CH-induced neuronal cell apoptosis, whereas these effects were reversed by treatment with miR-489-3p inhibitor and TPT1-shRNA. Finally, the function of miR-489-3p in neuronal cells was investigated in vitro. Neuronal cell viability, apoptosis and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins were determined using MTT assay, flow cytometry and western blot analysis, respectively. The results demonstrated that miR-489-3p inhibitor enhanced cell viability, suppressed apoptosis and upregulated Pim-3, phosphorylated (p)-Bad (Ser112) and Bcl-xL expression. Rescue experiments indicated that these effects were reversed following silencing of TPT1. Taken together, the findings of the present study demonstrated that miR-489-3p inhibitor could relieve CH-induced neurological damage through regulating TPT1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224002, P.R. China
| | - Yuehong Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224002, P.R. China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, Yancheng Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu 224002, P.R. China
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El Bitar F, Al Sudairy N, Qadi N, Al Rajeh S, Alghamdi F, Al Amari H, Al Dawsari G, Alsubaie S, Al Sudairi M, Abdulaziz S, Al Tassan N. A Comprehensive Analysis of Unique and Recurrent Copy Number Variations in Alzheimer's Disease and its Related Disorders. Curr Alzheimer Res 2020; 17:926-938. [PMID: 33256577 DOI: 10.2174/1567205017666201130111424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Copy number variations (CNVs) play an important role in the genetic etiology of various neurological disorders, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and major depressive disorder (MDD) were shown to have share mechanisms and signaling pathways with AD. OBJECTIVE We aimed to assess CNVs regions that may harbor genes contributing to AD, T2DM, and MDD in 67 Saudi familial and sporadic AD patients, with no alterations in the known genes of AD and genotyped previously for APOE. METHODS DNA was analyzed using the CytoScan-HD array. Two layers of filtering criteria were applied. All the identified CNVs were checked in the Database of Genomic Variants (DGV). RESULTS A total of 1086 CNVs (565 gains and 521 losses) were identified in our study. We found 73 CNVs harboring genes that may be associated with AD, T2DM or MDD. Nineteen CNVs were novel. Most importantly, 42 CNVs were unique in our studied cohort existing only in one patient. Two large gains on chromosomes 1 and 13 harbored genes implicated in the studied disorders. We identified CNVs in genes that encode proteins involved in the metabolism of amyloid-β peptide (AGRN, APBA2, CR1, CR2, IGF2R, KIAA0125, MBP, RER1, RTN4R, VDR and WISPI) or Tau proteins (CACNAIC, CELF2, DUSP22, HTRA1 and SLC2A14). CONCLUSION The present work provided information on the presence of CNVs related to AD, T2DM, and MDD in Saudi Alzheimer's patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia El Bitar
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nourah Al Sudairy
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Najeeb Qadi
- Department of Neurosciences, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Fatimah Alghamdi
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Research, National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hala Al Amari
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Research, National Center for Biotechnology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadeer Al Dawsari
- Institute of Biology and Environmental Research, National Center for Genomics Technology, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sahar Alsubaie
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mishael Al Sudairi
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sara Abdulaziz
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada Al Tassan
- Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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