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Bakar ASA, Razali N, Agarwal R, Iezhitsa I, Perfilev MA, Vassiliev PM. Role of TGF-β1/SMADs signalling pathway in resveratrol-induced reduction of extracellular matrix deposition by dexamethasone-treated human trabecular meshwork cells. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY & PHARMACOLOGY : OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSIOLOGICAL SOCIETY AND THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF PHARMACOLOGY 2024; 28:345-359. [PMID: 38926842 PMCID: PMC11211753 DOI: 10.4196/kjpp.2024.28.4.345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM) in the trabecular meshwork (TM) increases aqueous humour outflow resistance leading to elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) in primary open-angle glaucoma, which remains the only modifiable risk factor. Resveratrol has been shown to counteract the steroid-induced increase in IOP and increase the TM expression of ECM proteolytic enzymes; however, its effects on the deposition of ECM components by TM and its associated pathways, such as TGF-β-SMAD signalling remain uncertain. This study, therefore, explored the effects of trans-resveratrol on the expression of ECM components, SMAD signalling molecules, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue plasminogen activator in dexamethasone-treated human TM cells (HTMCs). We also studied the nature of molecular interaction of trans -resveratrol with SMAD4 domains using ensemble docking. Treatment of HTMCs with 12.5 µM trans-resveratrol downregulated the dexamethasone-induced increase in collagen, fibronectin and α-smooth muscle actin at gene and protein levels through downregulation of TGF-β1, SMAD4, and upregulation of SMAD7. Downregulation of TGF-β1 signalling by trans-resveratrol could be attributed to its effect on the transcriptional activity due to high affinity for the MH2 domain of SMAD4. These effects may contribute to resveratrol's IOP-lowering properties by reducing ECM deposition and enhancing aqueous humour outflow in the TM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Suzana Abu Bakar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor
| | - Norhafiza Razali
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor
- Institute of Medical Molecular Biotechnology (IMMB), Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Sungai Buloh Campus, 47000 Sungai Buloh, Selangor
| | - Renu Agarwal
- School of Medicine, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Igor Iezhitsa
- School of Medicine, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Maxim A. Perfilev
- Research Center of Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq. 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation
| | - Pavel M. Vassiliev
- Research Center of Innovative Medicines, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov sq. 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation
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Wang M, Gong Q, Zha C, Xu S, Yu D, Huang T, Feng Y, Sun H, Li J. Low-dose lipopolysaccharide inducing continuous and obvious increase in urinary protein in hyperglycemic rats and the underlying mechanism. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288876. [PMID: 37467292 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Proteinuria is an important hallmark of diabetic nephropathy models, however it takes a long time for the proteinuria and is not stable. Therefore, low-dose lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was investigated in this work to induce rapid and stable proteinuria in hyperglycemic rats and the underlying mechanism was studied. Hyperglycemia rats was induced by high-fat feeding combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ). After 21 days, the model rats received a subinjury dose of 0.8 mg / kg LPS intraperitoneally (i.p.). We detected related biochemical indexes at different time periods after LPS injection and examined the expression of glomerular podocyte-associated proteins. Simultaneously, we measured expression of inflammatory factors, apoptotic proteins and albumin (ALB) in the renal cortex and renal medulla, respectively. PAS (Periodic Acid Schiff) staining was used to observe renal pathology. After LPS injection, urinary microalbumin (umALB) increased significantly and lasted longer. The expression of Nephrin, Podocin and necroptosis factor kappa B (NF-κB) in rennal cortex and Interleukin 18 (IL-18), Caspase-1, NF-κB and ALB in the renal medulla was significantly changed. Pathologically, the glomerular basement membrane was observed to be significantly thickened, the renal tubules were dilated, and the epithelial cells fell off in a circle. LPS promoted the continuous increase in urinary microalbumin in hyperglycemic rats, which was related to the damage to the glomerular basement membrane and renal tubular epithelial cells and to the inflammatory reaction in the kidney involved in NF-κB signaling, and this pathological damage can help to establish a stable model of diabetic nephropathy with increased proteinuria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mulan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Qin Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Chenliang Zha
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
| | - Song Xu
- Department of spleen and stomach, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Dong Yu
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Tianyu Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union College, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy-Saving Pharmaceutical Equipment, Nanchang, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
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The Preventive Effect of Specific Collagen Peptides against Dexamethasone-Induced Muscle Atrophy in Mice. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041950. [PMID: 36838938 PMCID: PMC9960993 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscle atrophy, also known as muscle wasting, is the thinning of muscle mass due to muscle disuse, aging, or diseases such as cancer or neurological problems. Muscle atrophy is closely related to the quality of life and has high morbidity and mortality. However, therapeutic options for muscle atrophy are limited, so studies to develop therapeutic agents for muscle loss are always required. For this study, we investigated how orally administered specific collagen peptides (CP) affect muscle atrophy and elucidated its molecular mechanism using an in vivo model. We treated mice with dexamethasone (DEX) to induce a muscular atrophy phenotype and then administered CP (0.25 and 0.5 g/kg) for four weeks. In a microcomputed tomography analysis, CP (0.5 g/kg) intake significantly increased the volume of calf muscles in mice with DEX-induced muscle atrophy. In addition, the administration of CP (0.25 and 0.5 g/kg) restored the weight of the gluteus maximus and the fiber cross-sectional area (CSA) of the pectoralis major and calf muscles, which were reduced by DEX. CP significantly inhibited the mRNA expression of myostatin and the phosphorylation of Smad2, but it did not affect TGF-β, BDNF, or FNDC5 gene expression. In addition, AKT/mTOR, a central pathway for muscle protein synthesis and related to myostatin signaling, was enhanced in the groups that were administered CP. Finally, CP decreased serum albumin levels and increased TNF-α gene expression. Collectively, our in vivo results demonstrate that CP can alleviate muscle wasting through a multitude of mechanisms. Therefore, we propose CP as a supplement or treatment to prevent muscle atrophy.
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Kong X, Liang H, An W, Bai S, Miao Y, Qiang J, Wang H, Zhou Y, Zhang Q. Rapid identification of early renal damage in asymptomatic hyperuricemia patients based on urine Raman spectroscopy and bioinformatics analysis. Front Chem 2023; 11:1045697. [PMID: 36762194 PMCID: PMC9905717 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1045697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: The issue of when to start treatment in patients with hyperuricemia (HUA) without gout and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is both important and controversial. In this study, Raman spectroscopy (RS) was used to analyze urine samples, and key genes expressed differentially CKD were identified using bioinformatics. The biological functions and regulatory pathways of these key genes were preliminarily analyzed, and the relationship between them as well as the heterogeneity of the urine components of HUA was evaluated. This study provides new ideas for the rapid evaluation of renal function in patients with HUA and CKD, while providing an important reference for the new treatment strategy of HUA disease. Methods: A physically examined population in 2021 was recruited as the research subjects. There were 10 cases with normal blood uric acid level and 31 cases with asymptomatic HUA diagnosis. The general clinical data were collected and the urine samples were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy. An identification model was also established by using the multidimensional multivariate method of orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model for statistical analysis of the data, key genes associated with CKD were identified using the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, and key biological pathways associated with renal function damage in CKD patients with HUA were analyzed. Results: The Raman spectra showed significant differences in the levels of uric acid (640 cm-1), urea, creatinine (1,608, 1,706 cm-1), proteins/amino acids (642, 828, 1,556, 1,585, 1,587, 1,596, 1,603, 1,615 cm-1), and ketone body (1,643 cm-1) (p < 0.05). The top 10 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with CKD (ALB, MYC, IL10, FOS, TOP2A, PLG, REN, FGA, CCNA2, and BUB1) were identified. Compared with the differential peak positions analyzed by the OPLS-DA model, it was found that the peak positions of glutathione, tryptophan and tyrosine may be important markers for the diagnosis and progression of CKD. Conclusion: The progression of CKD was related to the expression of the ALB, MYC, IL10, PLG, REN, and FGA genes. Patients with HUA may have abnormalities in glutathione, tryptophan, tyrosine, and energy metabolism. The application of Raman spectroscopy to analyze urine samples and interpret the heterogeneity of the internal environment of asymptomatic HUA patients can be combined with the OPLS-DA model to mine the massive clinical and biochemical examination information on HUA patients. The results can also provide a reference for identifying the right time for intervention for uric acid as well as assist the early detection of changes in the internal environment of the body. Finally, this approach provides a useful technical supplement for exploring a low-cost, rapid evaluation and improving the timeliness of screening. Precise intervention of abnormal signal levels of internal environment and energy metabolism may be a potential way to delay renal injury in patients with HUA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Kong
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyue Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Wei An
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Sheng Bai
- Department of Ultrasound, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | | | - Junlian Qiang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China
| | - Haoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, National Clinical Research Center for Blood Diseases, Haihe Laboratory of Cell Ecosystem, Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Yuan Zhou,
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Geriatrics Institute, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Qiang Zhang, ; Yuan Zhou,
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Gong Q, Yin J, Wang M, Zha C, Yu D, Yang S, Feng Y, Li J, Du L. Anemoside B4 Exerts Hypoglycemic Effect by Regulating the Expression of GLUT4 in HFD/STZ Rats. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28030968. [PMID: 36770636 PMCID: PMC9921942 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28030968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Anemoside B4 (B4) is a saponin that is extracted from Pulsatilla chinensis (Bge.), and Regel exhibited anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activities. However, its hypoglycemic activity in diabetes mellitus has not been evaluated. Here, we explored the effect of B4 on hyperglycemia and studied its underlying mechanism of lowering blood glucose based on hyperglycemic rats in vivo and L6 skeletal muscle cells (L6) in vitro. The rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for one month, combined with an intraperitoneal injection of 60 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to construct the animal model, and the drug was administrated for two weeks. Blood glucose was detected and the proteins and mRNA were expressed. Our study showed that B4 significantly diminished fasting blood glucose (FBG) and improved glucose metabolism. In addition, B4 facilitated glucose utilization in L6 cells. B4 could enhance the expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in rat skeletal muscle and L6 cells. Mechanistically, B4 elevated the inhibition of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) signaling pathways. Furthermore, we confirmed the effect of B4 on glucose uptake involved in the enhancement of GLUT4 expression in part due to PI3K/AKT signaling by using a small molecule inhibitor assay and constructing a GLUT4 promoter plasmid. Taken together, our study found that B4 ameliorates hyperglycemia through the PI3K/AKT pathway and promotes GLUT4 initiation, showing a new perspective of B4 as a potential agent against diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gong
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jilei Yin
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangsu Union Technical Institute Lianyungang Branch, Lianyungang 222007, China
| | - Mulan Wang
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Chengliang Zha
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Dong Yu
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Shilin Yang
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Yulin Feng
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Jun Li
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.D.); Tel.:+86-180-7009-0101 (J.L.); +791-8711-9785 (L.D.)
| | - Lijun Du
- School of pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330006, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Manufacturing Technology of Solid Preparation, Nanchang 330006, China
- School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
- Correspondence: (J.L.); (L.D.); Tel.:+86-180-7009-0101 (J.L.); +791-8711-9785 (L.D.)
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Gong Q, Wang M, Jiang Y, Zha C, Yu D, Lei F, Luo Y, Feng Y, Yang S, Li J, Du L. The abrupt pathological deterioration of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury: Emerging of a critical time point. Pharmacol Res Perspect 2021; 9:e00895. [PMID: 34817124 PMCID: PMC8611776 DOI: 10.1002/prp2.895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cisplatin (CP), an anticancer drug, often causes kidney damage. However, the mechanism of CP-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is not completely understood. AKI was induced by intravenous injection (i.v.) of cisplatin at doses of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg. Anemoside B4 (B4) (20 mg/kg, i.m.) and dexamethasone (DXM) (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) were used for AKI treatment. Biochemical indicators were assessed using an automatic biochemical analyzer, protein expression was analyzed by western blotting, and morphological changes in the kidney were examined by PAS staining. The serum creatinine (Cre) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels did not change significantly in the first 2 days but abruptly increased on the third day after CP injection. The serum albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) levels decreased in both a time- and dose-dependent manner. The urine protein level increased, the clearing rate of Cre decreased distinctly, and morphologic changes appeared in a dose-dependent manner. The protein expression of p53/caspase-3, NLRP3, IL-6, and TNF-α was obviously upregulated on day 3; concurrently, nephrin and podocin were downregulated. The expression of LC3II and p62 was upregulated significantly as the CP dose increased. B4 and DXM obviously decreased the BUN and Cre levels after 3 or 5 days of treatment. AKI appeared distinctly in a time-dependent manner at 2 to 5 days after the administration of 5 mg/kg CP and in a dose-dependent manner upon the administration of 5, 8, and 10 mg/kg CP. The third day was a significant time point for renal deterioration, and treatment with B4 and DXM within the first 3 days provided significant protection against AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Gong
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Mulan Wang
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Ya Jiang
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Chengliang Zha
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Dong Yu
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
| | - Fan Lei
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yingying Luo
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Yulin Feng
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Shilin Yang
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Jun Li
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
| | - Lijun Du
- School of PharmacyJiangxi University of Traditional Chinese MedicineNanchangChina
- Pharmacology LaboratoryState Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs and Efficient Energy‐saving Pharmaceutical EquipmentNanchangChina
- School of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
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