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Saalim M, Clark BR, Taylor PR. Quantum chemical investigation of electronic transitions of mitorubrin azaphilones. J Comput Chem 2024. [PMID: 39225235 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.27498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 07/07/2024] [Accepted: 08/21/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Fungal azaphilones are a broad class of naturally-occurring pigments with diverse applications. Among the azaphilone pigments, mitorubrins are well recognized for their antiviral, antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antidiabetic, and antiaging activities in addition to their well-known yellow-orange color. This makes these pigments interesting candidates for use in foods, as cosmetics, and as medicines. In particular, if it is desired to modify the properties of mitorubrin-based pigments, for example by derivatization, it is essential to have an understanding of the electronic spectra of the parent molecules. We have therefore undertaken a computational study of a series of mitorubrins, comparing our computed results with experimental UV/visible spectra. Both density-functional theory (DFT) and coupled-cluster (CC2) methods have been used, and in general, the results are in very good agreement with observation. In order to provide a simple and useful picture of the spectra we analyze the stronger transitions in terms of natural transition orbitals (NTOs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Saalim
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Benjamin R Clark
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peter R Taylor
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
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Whaley AK, Ponkratova AO, Orlova AA, Volobuev SV, Shakhova NV, Serebryakov EB, Smirnov SN, Pustovit NV, Kraeva LA, Luzhanin VG. New benzoquinone pigments from the hydnoid fungus Sarcodontia setosa and their biosynthetic relationship. Nat Prod Res 2024; 38:2619-2628. [PMID: 37004996 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2195176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical investigation of the hydnoid fungus Sarcodontia setosa resulted in the isolation of five compounds, including two new sarcodontic acid derivatives - setosic acid (1) and 7,8-dehydrohomosarcodontic acid (2) along with three known benzoquinone pigments - sarcodontic acid (3), 4,5-dehydrosarcodontic acid (4) and dihydrosarcodontic acid (5). The structures were elucidated using spectroscopic methods (UV, NMR and HR-ESIMS). The biosynthetic relationship of the isolated compounds is proposed and discussed. Antibacterial activity screening of compounds 1-5 against ESKAPE bacterial strains in vitro with zones of inhibition was performed and MIC values were established for the most active compounds (3 and 5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei K Whaley
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiia O Ponkratova
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Saint Petersburg State Chemical Pharmaceutical University, Saint Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasia A Orlova
- Laboratory of Analytical biochemistry and biotechnology, K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey V Volobuev
- Laboratory of Systematics and Geography of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Shakhova
- Laboratory of Biochemistry of Fungi, Komarov Botanical Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Russian Federation
| | | | - Sergey N Smirnov
- Research Park, Saint Petersburg State University, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Pustovit
- Department of Molecular biotechnology, Saint Petersburg State Institute of Technology, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Liudmila A Kraeva
- Laboratory of Medicinal bacteriology, Saint Petersburg Pasteur Institute, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir G Luzhanin
- Department of Botany, Perm State Chemical Pharmaceutical Academy, Perm, Russian Federation
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Dey P, Malik A, Singh DK, Haange SB, von Bergen M, Jehmlich N. Insight Into the Molecular Mechanisms Underpinning the Mycoremediation of Multiple Metals by Proteomic Technique. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:872576. [PMID: 35756008 PMCID: PMC9221998 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.872576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the fungus Aspergillus fumigatus PD-18 responses when subjected to the multimetal combination (Total Cr, Cd2+, Cu2+, Ni2+, Pb2+, and Zn2+) in synthetic composite media. To understand how multimetal stress impacts fungal cells at the molecular level, the cellular response of A. fumigatus PD-18 to 30 mg/L multimetal stress (5 mg/L of each heavy metal) was determined by proteomics. The comparative fungal proteomics displayed the remarkable inherent intracellular and extracellular mechanism of metal resistance and tolerance potential of A. fumigatus PD-18. This study reported 2,238 proteins of which 434 proteins were exclusively expressed in multimetal extracts. The most predominant functional class expressed was for cellular processing and signaling. The type of proteins and the number of proteins that were upregulated due to various stress tolerance mechanisms were post-translational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones (42); translation, ribosomal structure, and biogenesis (60); and intracellular trafficking, secretion, and vesicular transport (18). In addition, free radical scavenging antioxidant proteins, such as superoxide dismutase, were upregulated upto 3.45-fold and transporter systems, such as protein transport (SEC31), upto 3.31-fold to combat the oxidative stress caused by the multiple metals. Also, protein–protein interaction network analysis revealed that cytochrome c oxidase and 60S ribosomal protein played key roles to detoxify the multimetal. To the best of our knowledge, this study of A. fumigatus PD-18 provides valuable insights toward the growing research in comprehending the metal microbe interactions in the presence of multimetal. This will facilitate in development of novel molecular markers for contaminant bioremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Dey
- Applied Microbiology Lab, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Department of Biotechnology, MS Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anushree Malik
- Applied Microbiology Lab, Centre for Rural Development and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Dileep Kumar Singh
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Sven-Bastiaan Haange
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HZ), Leipzig, Germany
| | - Martin von Bergen
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HZ), Leipzig, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity, Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Nico Jehmlich
- Department of Molecular Systems Biology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres (HZ), Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Nico Jehmlich,
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Wadhwa G, Shanmughavel P, Singh AK, Bellare JR. Computational Tools: RNA Interference in Fungal Therapeutics. CURRENT TRENDS IN BIOINFORMATICS: AN INSIGHT 2018. [PMCID: PMC7122507 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-10-7483-7_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
There is steady rise in the number of immunocompromised population due to increased use of potent immunosuppression therapies. This is associated with increased risk of acquiring fungal opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients which account for high morbidity and mortality rates, if left untreated. The conventional antifungal drugs to treat fungal diseases (mycoses) are increasingly becoming inadequate due to observed varied susceptibility of fungi and their recurrent resistance. RNA interference (RNAi), sequence-specific gene silencing, is emerging as a promising new therapeutic approach. This chapter discusses various aspects of RNAi, viz., the fundamental RNAi machinery present in fungi, in silico siRNA features, designing guidelines and tools, siRNA delivery, and validation of gene knockdown for therapeutics against mycoses. Target gene identification is a crucial step in designing of gene-specific siRNA in addition to efficient delivery strategies to bring about effective inhibition of fungi. Subsequently, designed siRNA can be delivered effectively in vitro either by soaking fungi with siRNA or by transforming inverted repeat transgene containing plasmid into fungi, which ultimately generates siRNA(s). Finally, fungal inhibition can be verified at the RNA and protein levels by blotting techniques, fluorescence imaging, and biochemical assays. Despite challenges, several such in vitro studies have spawned optimism around RNAi as a revolutionary new class of therapeutics against mycoses. But, pharmacokinetic parameters need to be evaluated from in vivo studies and clinical trials to recognize RNAi as a novel treatment approach for mycoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gulshan Wadhwa
- Department of Biotechnology Apex Bioinformatics Centre, Ministry of Science & Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - P. Shanmughavel
- Department of Bioinformatics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu India
| | - Atul Kumar Singh
- Central Research Facility, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi, India
| | - Jayesh R. Bellare
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, India
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Sir EB, Kuhnert E, Surup F, Hyde KD, Stadler M. Discovery of new mitorubrin derivatives from Hypoxylon fulvo-sulphureum sp. nov. (Ascomycota, Xylariales). Mycol Prog 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11557-015-1043-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Ming Gao
- Shaanxi Engineering Center of Bioresource Chemistry & Sustainable Utilization, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, 3 Taicheng Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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Li GH, Wang XB, Liu FF, Dang LZ, Li L, Yang ZS, Xin X, Zhang KQ. The Chemical Constituents of Endophytic Fungus Trichoderma sp. MFF-1. Chem Biodivers 2010; 7:1790-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.200900175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Yamazaki H, Ōmura S, Tomoda H. 6'-Hydroxy-3'-methoxy-mitorubrin, a New Potentiator of Antifungal Miconazole Activity, Produced by Penicillium radicum FKI-3765-2. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2010; 58:829-32. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.58.829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Satoshi Ōmura
- Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences, Kitasato University
| | - Hiroshi Tomoda
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kitasato University
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Abstract
Asymmetric syntheses of (-)-mitorubrin and related azaphilone natural products are reported. Key steps involve copper-mediated, enantioselective oxidative dearomatization to prepare the azaphilone core and olefin cross-metathesis for side-chain installation. [reaction: see text]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglong Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Chemical Methodology and Library Development, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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Stadler M, Quang DN, Tomita A, Hashimoto T, Asakawa Y. Changes in secondary metabolism during stromatal ontogeny of Hypoxylon fragiforme. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 110:811-20. [PMID: 16876700 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycres.2006.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Stromata of Hypoxylon fragiforme were studied during the vegetation period by hplc profiling, revealing changes in the composition during stromatal development. Cytochalasin H and two new cytochalasins named fragiformins A-B were identified as major constituents of the young, maturing stromata, whereas mature, ascogenous material yielded large amounts of mitorubrin-type azaphilones. The above compounds, further cytochalasins from Xylariaceae and other fungi, and additional azaphilones of the mitorubrin type were assayed for their nematicidal effects against Caenorhabditis elegans and their antimicrobial activities against Bacillus subtilis, Yarrowia lipolytica, and various filamentous fungi. The results confirmed data in the literature on broad-spectrum non-selective activities of azaphilones and cytochalasins in biological systems. Most interestingly, laboratory cultures of the above Hypoxylon spp. mainly produced dihydroisocoumarin derivatives and were found devoid of mitorubrins and cytochalasins. These rather drastic changes in the secondary metabolism of H. fragiforme and the above biological activities are discussed in relation to the possible biological functions of secondary metabolites (extrolites) in the Hypoxyloideae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Stadler
- Intermed Discovery GmbH, BioMedizin Zentrum Dortmund, Otto-Hahn-Str. 15, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany.
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