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de Carvalho JCB, de Oliveira IM, Trindade C, Juchem ALM, da Silva Machado M, Guecheva TN, Moura S, de Souza LAG, Vainstein MH, Henriques JAP. Chemical characterization of Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya) aqueous seed extract and evaluation of its cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties. MUTATION RESEARCH. GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS 2023; 891:503687. [PMID: 37770144 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2023.503687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Callingcard Vine (Entada polystachya (L.) DC. var. polystachya - Fabaceae) is a common plant in coastal thickets from western Mexico through Central America to Colombia and Brazil, especially in Amazon biome. It has been popularly used as a urinary burning reliever and diuretic. However, the plant chemical constituents are poorly understood and Entada spp. genotoxic potential have not been previously investigated. In the present study we determined the chemical composition of the aqueous E. polystachya crude seed extract (EPCSE) and evaluated the cytotoxic, genotoxic and mutagenic properties of EPCSE in Salmonella typhimurium and Chinese hamster fibroblast (V79) cells. Cytotoxic activity was also evaluated in tumor cell lines (HT29, MCF7 and U87) and non-malignant cells (MRC5). The chemical analysis by High Resolution Mass Spectrometry (HRMS) of EPCSE indicated the presence of saponin and chalcone. The results of the MTT and clonal survival assays suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic to V79 cells. Survival analysis showed higher IC50 in non-tumor compared with tumor cell lines. EPCSE showed induction of DNA strand breaks as revealed by the alkaline comet assay and micronucleus test. Using the modified comet assay, it was possible to detect the induction of oxidative DNA base damage by EPCSE in V79 cells. Consistently, the extract induced increase lipid peroxidation (TBARS), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities in V79 cells. In addition, EPCSE induced mutations in S. typhimurium TA98 and TA100 strains, confirming a mutagenic potential. Taken together, our results suggest that EPCSE is cytotoxic and genotoxic to V79 cells and mutagenic to S. typhimurium. These properties can be related to the pro-oxidant ability of the extract and induction of DNA lesions. Additionally, EPCSE could inhibit the growth of tumor cells, especially human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT29) cell line, and can constitute a possible source of antitumor natural agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Cristina Bugs de Carvalho
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Iuri Marques de Oliveira
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
| | - Cristiano Trindade
- Faculty of Basic and Biomedical Sciences, Simón Bolívar University, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | | | - Miriana da Silva Machado
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Temenouga Nikolova Guecheva
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Institute of Molecular Biology "Roumen Tsanev", Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sidnei Moura
- Laboratory of Natural and Synthetics Products, University of Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil
| | - Luiz Augusto Gomes de Souza
- Environment and Health Society Coordination of the National Institute for Research in the Amazon (COSAS/INPA), Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Marilene Henning Vainstein
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - João Antonio Pêgas Henriques
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; Department of Genetics, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; InnVitro Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Postgraduate Programs in Biotechnology and Medical Sciences, University of Vale do Taquari - UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil
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Ethnomedicinal Information on Plants Used for the Treatment of Bone Fractures, Wounds, and Sprains in the Northern Region of the Republic of Benin. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:8619330. [PMID: 36588593 PMCID: PMC9797300 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8619330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Medicinal plants are frequently used in African countries due to their importance in the treatment of various conditions. In the northern Republic of Benin, traditional healers are recognized as specialists in the treatment of fractures, wounds, and sprains. The present study was conducted to document the practices (diagnosis and materials) and traditional knowledge accumulated by healers in this region on their area of specialty. In addition, literature-based research was performed to support the usage of the most cited plants. Sixty traditional healers identified as "reference persons" from Atakora and Donga departments in the northern Republic of Benin, who specialized in the treatment of fractures, wounds, and sprains, were interviewed in their communities through a semi-structured questionnaire. Information about the practice, age of the healers, medicinal plants used in this treatment, methods of preparation, and administration were collected. Samples of the plant species were also collected, identified, and stored in the national herbarium at the University of Abomey-Calavi, the Republic of Benin. The study enabled the identification of thirty-four (34) species belonging to twenty-three (23) families. Ochna rhizomatosa and Ochna schweinfurthiana (21%) were the most quoted plants among the species, followed by Chasmanthera dependens (12.1%), Piliostigma thonningii (11.3%), and Combretum sericeum (8.1%). These plants were reported to strengthen bones, reduce inflammation, relieve pain, and promote healing in the northern part of the Republic of Benin. Besides their ability to treat fractures, wounds, and sprains, they are also used for multiple purposes in the West African subregions. According to the available literature, some of the plants will need to be investigated for their phytoconstituents and pharmacological activity to validate their ethnobotanical uses. These results confirm the need for documenting traditional knowledge since it represents an opportunity for exploring plant species with potentially good pharmacological effects, which have been barely investigated. Plants identified may constitute a significant source of bioactive compounds in the treatment of various ailments such as skin inflammation and musculoskeletal disorders. They can be further explored to justify their use in traditional Beninese medicine.
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Codo Toafode NM, Marquardt P, Ahyi V, Fester K, Spiegler V, Vissiennon C. Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Phenolic Compounds Isolated From Entada africana Guill. & Perr. Used in the Republic of Benin. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:931240. [PMID: 35847017 PMCID: PMC9280145 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.931240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In West African medicine, Entada africana Guill. & Perr. from the family of Fabaceae is used to treat inflammatory conditions in the management of fractures, wounds, and sprains in the northern region of the Republic of Benin. The aim of the present study was to isolate and elucidate phenolic compounds from a hydroalcoholic leaf extract from E. africana and to identify compounds with anti-inflammatory activity in vitro. Eleven compounds were purified from three fractions, which have shown strong to medium anti-inflammatory activity. The isolated compounds were characterized by HRESI-MS and NMR methods as gallic acid (1), ethyl gallate (2), 5,7-dihydroxychromen-4-one (3), 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone (4), dihydrokaempferol-7-O-glucoside (5), catechin (6), quercetin-3-O-[β-apiosyl-(1‴→2″)-β-glucoside] (7), quercetin-3-O-glucoside (8), naringenin-7-O-glucoside (9), aromadendrin (10), and myricetin-3-O-glucoside (11). Nine of the major phenolic compounds were tested using TNF-α stimulated human keratinocytes (HaCaT) as skin inflammation model to identify molecules, which may explain the use of the plant leaves as an anti-inflammatory remedy by assessing the release of proinflammatory cytokines IL-8 and IL-6. The hydroacoholic leaf extract of E. africana exerted a medium inhibitory effect on the release of IL-8. 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone, aromadendrin, dihydrokaempferol-7-O-glucoside and ethyl gallate demonstrated a strong to medium effect on the release of IL-6. For the release of IL-8, 3′,4′,7-trihydroxyflavone demonstrated a medium activity. This study provides for the first time a detailed screening of phenolic compounds occurring in the hydroethanolic leaf extract of E. africana. Additionally, it is shown that E. africana contains active compounds which may justify its traditional medicinal use as an anti-inflammatory remedy to treat inflammatory and pain-related skin conditions in the Republic of Benin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nonvignon Murielle Codo Toafode
- Inter-Regional University of Industrial Engineering Biotechnologies and Applied Sciences, IRGIB Africa University, Cotonou, Benin
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Nonvignon Murielle Codo Toafode, ; Cica Vissiennon,
| | - Peter Marquardt
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences, Zittau, Germany
| | - Virgile Ahyi
- Inter-Regional University of Industrial Engineering Biotechnologies and Applied Sciences, IRGIB Africa University, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Karin Fester
- Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences, Zittau/Görlitz University of Applied Sciences, Zittau, Germany
| | - Verena Spiegler
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Biology and Phytochemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Cica Vissiennon
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
- Repha GmbH Biologische Arzneimittel, Langenhagen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Nonvignon Murielle Codo Toafode, ; Cica Vissiennon,
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Maugeri A, Lombardo GE, Navarra M, Cirmi S, Rapisarda A. The chorioallantoic membrane: A novel approach to extrapolate data from a well-established method. J Appl Toxicol 2021; 42:995-1003. [PMID: 34874573 PMCID: PMC9300073 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of the chicken embryo is a highly vascularized extra‐embryonic structure that has been widely used as an in vivo model for the evaluation of angiogenesis. This study was designed to optimize data extrapolation from the most exploited experimental protocol to improve its efficiency and the reliability of the obtainable results. In our study, we followed the most common procedure for CAM assay, employing retinoic acid and vascular endothelial growth factor as standards. CAMs were photographed at t0, t24, and t48; then, the main parameters of the predefined vascular network/area were evaluated. Subsequently, their variations in each CAM were calculated comparing them within the same CAM over the course of the whole treatment (t24 and t48), also comparing the treated CAMs respect to the untreated ones. Thus, we provide a novel approach aimed at extrapolating data from CAM assay that allows to (i) have a greater reliability and richness of data; (ii) better estimate the potential pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic activity of new candidate drugs; (iii) save both eggs and time for the experiments. The chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) is a structure exploited for the in vivo evaluation of angiogenesis. This study was designed to optimize data extrapolation from a well‐established experimental protocol to improve its efficiency and reliability of the obtainable results. Thus, we provide a novel approach aimed at extrapolating data from CAM assay that allows to (i) have a greater reliability and richness of data; (ii) better estimate the pro‐ and anti‐angiogenic activity of new drugs; (iii) save both eggs and time for the experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Maugeri
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Giovanni E Lombardo
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Michele Navarra
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Santa Cirmi
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy.,Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Rapisarda
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
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Tram LH, Van Thong N, Thuy LT, Anh NT, Minh NH, Minh TT, Thi Hong Phuong N, Ha TT, Nguyet Nguyen TM, Le DD, Hiep ND, Park JT, Thi To Chinh T, Thu Huong T, Lee M. Secondary metabolites from Valeriana jatamansi with their anti-inflammatory activity. Nat Prod Res 2021; 36:4620-4629. [PMID: 34812687 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2021.2004600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Valeriana jatamansi is hired as multiple remedies for treatment of insomnia, blood and circulatory disorders, asthma, dry cough, jaundice, seminal weakness, cardiac debility, and skin diseases in Vietnam. Our research discovered the phytochemical investigation of constituents from this herbal medicine resulted in the isolation of two new compounds (jatamansides A (4) and B (7)) together with 16 known ones from the whole plant. Their structures were established by using spectroscopic techniques (multinuclear and multidimensional nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, ultraviolet-visible), mass spectrometry, hydrolysis analysis, or comparing their NMR data to those reported in the literature. In addition, all the isolates were evaluated for their inhibitory effect against TNF-α production in LPS-stimulated on RAW264.7 cells with significant inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Huyen Tram
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Thong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Le Thi Thuy
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Tuan Anh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Hoang Minh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thi Minh
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Hong Phuong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Tran Thu Ha
- Intellectual Property Office of Vietnam, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Duc Dat Le
- Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Dinh Hiep
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Jong-Tae Park
- Department of Food Science and technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Tran Thu Huong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Hanoi University of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Mina Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sunchon National University, Suncheon-si, Korea
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Beladjila KA, Berrehal D, Kabouche Z, Germanò MP, D'Angelo V, De Tommasi N, D'Andrea F, Braca A, De Leo M. Antiangiogenic Activity of Compounds Isolated from Anarrhinum pedatum. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2019; 82:510-519. [PMID: 30835462 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.8b00893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ten new iridoid glycosides (1-10) and two new monoterpenoids (11 and 12), together with nine known compounds (13-21), were isolated from the n-butanol extract of the aerial parts of Anarrhinum pedatum. The structural characterization of all compounds was performed by spectroscopic analysis, including 1D and 2D NMR and HRESIMS experiments. The isolates were assayed for their antiangiogenic activity by two in vivo models, using zebrafish embryos and chicken chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs). The results showed that among the new compounds 6'- O-menthiafoloylmussaenosidic acid-11-(5- O-β-d-fructopyranosyl) ester (9) exhibited the most potent antiangiogenic activity in both the zebrafish embryos and CAM assays, reducing the growth of blood vessels. Antiangiogenic effects were also observed for the known compounds 6- O-nerol-8-oyl-antirrinoside (13), antirrinoside (14), 6- O- trans- and cis- p-coumaroyl antirrinoside (15), and (6 S)-2 E-2,6-dimethyl-6-hydroxyocta-2,7-dienoic acid β-glucopyranosyl ester (18).
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Aya Beladjila
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Département de Chimie , Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine , Route de Ain El-Bey , 25000 Constantine , Algeria
| | - Djemaa Berrehal
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Département de Chimie , Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine , Route de Ain El-Bey , 25000 Constantine , Algeria
| | - Zahia Kabouche
- Laboratoire d'Obtention des Substances Thérapeutiques (LOST), Département de Chimie , Université des Frères Mentouri-Constantine , Route de Ain El-Bey , 25000 Constantine , Algeria
| | - Maria Paola Germanò
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali , Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata , 98168 Messina , Italy
| | - Valeria D'Angelo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Biologiche, Farmaceutiche e Ambientali , Università degli Studi di Messina, Polo Universitario SS. Annunziata , 98168 Messina , Italy
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università degli Studi di Salerno , Via Giovanni Paolo II 132 , 84084 Fisciano ( SA ), Italy
| | - Felicia D'Andrea
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 33 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 33 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" , Università di Pisa , Via del Borghetto 80 , 56124 Pisa , Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia , Università di Pisa , Via Bonanno 33 , 56126 Pisa , Italy
- Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca "Nutraceutica e Alimentazione per la Salute" , Università di Pisa , Via del Borghetto 80 , 56124 Pisa , Italy
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Camero CM, Germanò MP, Rapisarda A, D’Angelo V, Amira S, Benchikh F, Braca A, De Leo M. Anti-angiogenic activity of iridoids from Galium tunetanum. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bjp.2018.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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The Root Aqueous Extract of Entada africana Guill. et Perr. (Mimosaceae) Inhibits Implant Growth, Alleviates Dysmenorrhea, and Restores Ovarian Dynamic in a Rat Model of Endometriosis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2017:8563909. [PMID: 29456574 PMCID: PMC5804318 DOI: 10.1155/2017/8563909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Entada africana (Mimosaceae) was reported to have analgesic and antioxidant properties. The present study is aimed at investigating the effects of the root aqueous extract of Entada africana (EA) on an experimental model of endometriosis. The study was performed in rats orally treated with EA at doses of 127.5, 255, and 510 mg/kg. Microgynon® 30 served as the reference substance. Estradiol valerate and oxytocin were used to induce dysmenorrhea. Endometrial implant levels of catalase and malondialdehyde (MDA) allowed estimating tissue oxidative status. Ovarian dynamic and rat sexual behavior were assessed through histological analysis of ovaries, uterus, and vagina. EA decreased dysmenorrhea at tested doses following a 7-day treatment (p < 0.001). Endometrial implant volume decreased following the three treatment periods (p < 0.05). Catalase activity (p < 0.001) and MDA level (p < 0.01) increased only following a 3-day treatment. EA also increased antral follicles, reduced luteinized unruptured follicle number (p < 0.001), and induced animals to be in the estrus phase. In conclusion, EA prevented the progress of endometriosis, reduced dysmenorrhea, promoted ovarian follicle growth, prevented anovulation, and stimulated the special period of rat sexual desire. These results suggest that Entada africana could be a promising alternative option for the treatment of endometriosis.
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Pare D, Hilou A, Ouedraogo N, Guenne S. Ethnobotanical Study of Medicinal Plants Used as Anti-Obesity Remedies in the Nomad and Hunter Communities of Burkina Faso. MEDICINES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2016; 3:E9. [PMID: 28930119 PMCID: PMC5456226 DOI: 10.3390/medicines3020009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Revised: 03/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity is a global epidemic that affects both developed and developing countries. According to World Health Organization (WHO), in 2014, over 1.9 billion adults were overweight. Burkina Faso, like other countries, faces the problem of obesity, with a prevalence of 7.3%. The main cause is excessive intake of caloric foods combined with low physical activity, although genetic, endocrine and environmental influences (pollution) can sometimes be predisposing factors. This metabolic imbalance often leads to multiple pathologies (heart failure, Type II diabetes, cancers, etc.). Drugs have been developed for the treatment of these diseases; but in addition to having many side effects, locally these products are not economically accessible to the majority of the population. Burkina Faso, like the other countries bordering the Sahara, has often been confronted in the past with periods of famine during which populations have generally used anorectic plants to regulate their food needs. This traditional ethnobotanical knowledge has not been previously investigated. An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in Burkina Faso in the provinces of Seno (North) and Nayala (Northwest) to list the plants used by local people as an anorectic and/or fort weight loss. METHODS The survey, conducted in the two provinces concerned traditional healers, herbalists, hunters, nomads and resourceful people with knowledge of plants. It was conducted over a period of two months and data were collected following a structured interview with the respondents. The approach was based on dialogue in the language of choice of the respondent and the use of a questionnaire. The data have been structured and then statistically analyzed. RESULTS The fifty-five (55) respondents of the survey were aged between 40 and 80 years. Sixty-one (61) plant species, belonging to thirty-one (31) families were listed as appetite suppressants and/or for their anti-obesity properties. The main families of plants are Mimosaceae, Rubiaceae, Asclepiadaceae and Cesalpiniaceae. Fruits are the most used part of the plant organs. Consumption in the raw state or as a decoction are the two main forms of preparation. CONCLUSION The great diversity of plants cited by informants demonstrates the existence of rich local knowledge to address obesity in Burkina Faso. Evaluation of the biochemical activity of the extracts of the most cited species could allow the development of a phytomedicine economically accessible to the majority of the population. This could allow for the preservation of biodiversity in this region which is weakened by climate change because some of the species cited are in fragile state or are threatened with extinction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dramane Pare
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), UFR/SVT, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Adama Hilou
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), UFR/SVT, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Noufou Ouedraogo
- Research Institute for Health Sciences (IRSS) 03 BP 7192 Ouagadougou 03, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
| | - Samson Guenne
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Applied Chemistry (LABIOCA), UFR/SVT, 09 BP 848 Ouagadougou 09, University of Ouagadougou, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso.
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Haidara M, Bourdy G, De Tommasi N, Braca A, Traore K, Giani S, Sanogo R. Medicinal Plants Used in Mali for the Treatment of Malaria and Liver Diseases. Nat Prod Commun 2016. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x1601100309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Today, ethno-pharmacology is a very important resource in order to discover new therapies for the current diseases. Moreover, another good justification for the ethno-pharmacological approach is to obtain new, effective, less expensive and simple therapies, limiting at the same time the cost of pharmaceutical research. Two major anti-malarial drugs widely used today, i.e. quinine and artemisinin, came respectively from Peruvian and Chinese ancestral treatments reported in the traditional medicines. In this contest, there is an urgent need for the discovery of new drugs, due to the critical epidemiological situation of this disease and to the growth of resistances. In Mali, malaria and liver diseases remain one of the leading public health problems. Many medicinal plants are often used, in local traditional medicine, for the treatment at the same time of malaria and liver diseases, including hepatic syndromes, jaundice, hepatitis and other hepatic disorders. Moreover, in the local language Bamanan, the word “ Sumaya” is used both for malaria and some liver diseases. In addition, we noted that some of the improved traditional phytomedicines produced by the Department of Traditional Medicine are prescribed by modern doctors both for malaria and liver diseases. In this review, pharmacological, toxicological and phytochemical data on Argemone mexicana L. (Papaveraceae), Cochlospermum tinctorium Perr. ex A. Rich (Cochlospermaceae), Combretum micranthum G.Don (Combretaceae), Entada africana Guillet Perr. (Mimosaceae), Erythrina senegalensis A. DC (Fabaceae), Mitragyna inermis (Willd) Kuntze (Rubiaceae), Nauclea latifolia Smith syn. Sarcocephalus latifolius (Smith) Bruce (Rubiaceae), Securidaca longepedunculata Fresen (Polygalaceae), Trichilia emetica Vahl. (Meliaceae), and Vernonia colorata (Willd) Drake (Asteraceae) are reported. Some of the collected data could be used to improve the actual herbal drugs and to propose new phytomedicines for the management of malaria and liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahamane Haidara
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
| | - Geneviève Bourdy
- Laboratoire de Pharmacochimie et Pharmacologie pour le Développement (PharmaDev) de Toulouse, France
| | - Nunziatina De Tommasi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Salerno, Via Giovanni Paolo II, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Rokia Sanogo
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université des Sciences des Techniques et des Technologies de Bamako (USTTB), Mali
- Département Médecine Traditionnelle, Bamako, Mali
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Njayou FN, Amougou AM, Fouemene Tsayem R, Njikam Manjia J, Rudraiah S, Bradley B, Manautou JE, Fewou Moundipa P. Antioxidant fractions of Khaya grandifoliola C.DC. and Entada africana Guill. et Perr. induce nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in HC-04 cells. Cell Stress Chaperones 2015; 20:991-1000. [PMID: 26272694 PMCID: PMC4595436 DOI: 10.1007/s12192-015-0628-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro antioxidant properties, cytoprotective activity, and ability to induce nuclear translocation of nuclear factor E2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2) of five solvent fractions of the methylene chloride/methanol (1:1 v/v) extract of Khaya grandifoliola (Meliaceae) and Entada africana (Fabaceae) were evaluated. Five antioxidant endpoints were used in the antioxidant activity investigation. The total phenolic content of the fractions was assessed as to the Folin-Ciocalteu method and the profile of interesting fractions analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The cytoprotective activity of fractions was determined by H2O2-induced oxidative stress in HC-04 cells by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) leakage into culture medium. HC-04 cells were used to investigate the ability to induce nuclear translocation of Nrf2. For both plants, the methylene chloride/methanol (90/10; v/v) fraction (F10), methylene chloride/methanol (75/25; v/v) (F25), and the methanolic fraction (F100) were found to have the highest total polyphenol content and exhibited high antioxidant activity strongly correlated with total polyphenol content. The cytoprotective activity of fraction F25 from both plants was comparable to that of quercetin (3.40 ± 0.05 μg/mL), inhibiting LDH leakage with a low half inhibition concentration (IC50) of 4.05 ± 0.03 and 3.8 ± 0.02 μg/mL for K. grandifoliola and E. africana, respectively. Lastly, fraction F25 of K. grandifoliola significantly (P < 0.05) induced nuclear Nrf2 translocation by sixfold, whereas that from E. africana and quercetin was only twofold. The results indicate for the first time that fraction F25 of the studied plants is more antioxidant and cytoprotective and induces nuclear translocation of Nrf2 in a human hepatocyte cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Nico Njayou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Atsama Marie Amougou
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Romeo Fouemene Tsayem
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Jacqueline Njikam Manjia
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon
| | - Swetha Rudraiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Bolling Bradley
- Department of Food Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - José Enrique Manautou
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut, 06269, USA
| | - Paul Fewou Moundipa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812, Yaounde, Cameroon.
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