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Altaf MM, Awan ZA, Ashraf S, Altaf MA, Zhu Z, Alsahli AA, Ahmad P. Melatonin induced reversibility of vanadium toxicity in muskmelon by regulating antioxidant defense and glyoxalase systems. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 473:134452. [PMID: 38762984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.134452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
Agricultural lands with vanadium (V), pose a significant and widespread threat to crop production worldwide. The study was designed to explore the melatonin (ME) treatment in reducing the V-induced phytotoxicity in muskmelon. The muskmelon seedlings were grown hydroponically and subjected to V (40 mg L-1) stress and exogenously treated with ME (100 μmol L-1) to mitigate the V-induced toxicity. The results showed that V toxicity displayed a remarkably adverse effect on seedling growth and biomass, primarily by impeding root development, the photosynthesis system and the activities of antioxidants. Contrarily, the application of ME mitigated the V-induced growth damage and significantly improved root attributes, photosynthetic efficiency, leaf gas exchange parameters and mineral homeostasis by reducing V accumulation in leaves and roots. Additionally, a significant reduction in the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA) along with a decrease in electrolyte leakage was observed in muskmelon seedlings treated with ME under V-stress. This reduction was attributed to the enhancement in the activities of antioxidants in leaves/roots such as ascorbate (AsA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione S-transferase (GST) as compared to the V stressed plants. Moreover, ME also upregulated the chlorophyll biosynthesis and antioxidants genes expression in muskmelon. Given these findings, ME treatment exhibited a significant improvement in growth attributes, photosynthesis efficiency and the activities of antioxidants (enzymatic and non-enzymatic) by regulating their expression of genes against V-stress with considerable reduction in oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Mohsin Altaf
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zoia Arshad Awan
- Horticulture Development Department, Teagasc, Ashtown Food Research Centre, Dublin D15 KN3K, Ireland
| | - Sahrish Ashraf
- Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Altaf
- Key Laboratory for Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crops of Hainan Province, School of Breeding and Multiplication (Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication), Center of Nanfan and High‑Efficiency Tropical Agriculture, Hainan University, Sanya 572025, China.
| | - Zhiqiang Zhu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | | | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Jammu and Kashmir 192301, India.
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Yang H, Zhao J, Yin X, Ding K, Gao X, Cai Y, Pan Y, Jiang B, Liu Q, Jia Y. Mitigating Ni and Cu ecotoxicity in the ecological restoration material and ornamental Primula forbesii Franch. with exogenous 24-epibrassinolide and melatonin. Sci Rep 2024; 14:16067. [PMID: 38992206 PMCID: PMC11239942 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67093-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Nickel (Ni) and copper (Cu) contamination have become major threats to plant survival worldwide. 24-epibrassinolide (24-EBR) and melatonin (MT) have emerged as valuable treatments to alleviate heavy metal-induced phytotoxicity. However, plants have not fully demonstrated the potential mechanisms by which these two hormones act under Ni and Cu stress. Herein, this study investigated the impact of individual and combined application of 24-EBR and MT on the growth and physiological traits of Primula forbesii Franch. subjected to stress (200 μmol L-1 Ni and Cu). The experiments compared the effects of different mitigation treatments on heavy metal (HM) stress and the scientific basis and practical reference for using these exogenous substances to improve HM resistance of P. forbesii in polluted environments. Nickel and Cu stress significantly hindered leaf photosynthesis and nutrient uptake, reducing plant growth and gas exchange. However, 24-EBR, MT, and 24-EBR + MT treatments alleviated the growth inhibition caused by Ni and Cu stress, improved the growth indexes of P. forbesii, and increased the gas exchange parameters. Exogenous MT effectively alleviated Ni stress, and 24-EBR + MT significantly alleviated the toxic effects of Cu stress. Unlike HM stress, MT and 24-EBR + MT activated the antioxidant enzyme activity (by increasing superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT)), significantly reduced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation, and regulated ascorbate and glutathione cycle (AsA-GSH) efficiency. Besides, the treatments enhanced the ability of P. forbesii to accumulate HMs, shielding plants from harm. These findings conclusively illustrate the capability of 24-EBR and MT to significantly bolster the tolerance of P. forbesii to Ni and Cu stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchen Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiancai Yin
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Keying Ding
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xinhui Gao
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuxin Cai
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yuanzhi Pan
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Beibei Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qinglin Liu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yin Jia
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Qin H, Wang Z, Sha W, Song S, Qin F, Zhang W. Role of Plant-Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria in Plant Machinery for Soil Heavy Metal Detoxification. Microorganisms 2024; 12:700. [PMID: 38674644 PMCID: PMC11052264 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Heavy metals migrate easily and are difficult to degrade in the soil environment, which causes serious harm to the ecological environment and human health. Thus, soil heavy metal pollution has become one of the main environmental issues of global concern. Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) is a kind of microorganism that grows around the rhizosphere and can promote plant growth and increase crop yield. PGPR can change the bioavailability of heavy metals in the rhizosphere microenvironment, increase heavy metal uptake by phytoremediation plants, and enhance the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy-metal-contaminated soils. In recent years, the number of studies on the phytoremediation efficiency of heavy-metal-contaminated soil enhanced by PGPR has increased rapidly. This paper systematically reviews the mechanisms of PGPR that promote plant growth (including nitrogen fixation, phosphorus solubilization, potassium solubilization, iron solubilization, and plant hormone secretion) and the mechanisms of PGPR that enhance plant-heavy metal interactions (including chelation, the induction of systemic resistance, and the improvement of bioavailability). Future research on PGPR should address the challenges in heavy metal removal by PGPR-assisted phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Fenju Qin
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Wenchao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
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Saleem MH, Mfarrej MFB, Khan KA, Alharthy SA. Emerging trends in wastewater treatment: Addressing microorganic pollutants and environmental impacts. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169755. [PMID: 38176566 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
This review focuses on the challenges and advances associated with the treatment and management of microorganic pollutants, encompassing pesticides, industrial chemicals, and persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in the environment. The translocation of these contaminants across multiple media, particularly through atmospheric transport, emphasizes their pervasive nature and the subsequent ecological risks. The urgency to develop cost-effective remediation strategies for emerging organic contaminants is paramount. As such, wastewater-based epidemiology and the increasing concern over estrogenicity are explored. By incorporating conventional and innovative wastewater treatment techniques, this article highlights the integration of environmental management strategies, analytical methodologies, and the importance of renewable energy in waste treatment. The primary objective is to provide a comprehensive perspective on the current scenario, imminent threats, and future directions in mitigating the effects of these pollutants on the environment. Furthermore, the review underscores the need for international collaboration in developing standardized guidelines and policies for monitoring and controlling these microorganic pollutants. It advocates for increased investment in research and development of advanced materials and technologies that can efficiently remove or neutralize these contaminants, thereby safeguarding environmental health and promoting sustainable practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- Office of Academic Research, Office of VP for Research & Graduate Studies, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
| | - Manar Fawzi Bani Mfarrej
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, College of Natural and Health Sciences, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi 144534, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Khalid Ali Khan
- Applied College, Center of Bee Research and its Products, Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, and Research Center for Advanced Materials Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Saif A Alharthy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; Toxicology and Forensic Sciences Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80216, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
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5
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Han L, Gu H, Lu W, Li H, Peng WX, Ling Ma N, Lam SS, Sonne C. Progress in phytoremediation of chromium from the environment. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140307. [PMID: 37769918 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
As chromium (Cr) in ecosystems affects human health through food chain exposure, phytoremediation is an environmentally friendly and efficient way to reduce chromium pollution in the environment. Here, we review the mechanism of absorption, translocation, storage, detoxification, and regulation of Cr in plants. The Cr(VI) form is more soluble, mobile, and toxic than Cr(III), reflecting how various valence states of Cr affect environmental risk characteristics, physicochemical properties, toxicity, and plant uptake. Plant root's response to Cr exposure leads to reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and apoptosis. Cell wall immobilization, vacuole compartmentation, interaction of defense proteins and organic ligand with Cr, and removal of reactive oxygen species by antioxidants continue plant life. In addition, the combined application of microorganisms, genetic engineering, and the addition of organic acids, nanoparticles, fertilization, soil amendments, and other metals could accelerate the phytoremediation process. This review provides efficient methods to investigate and understand the complex changes of Cr metabolism in plants. Preferably, fast-growing, abundantly available biomass species should be modified to mitigate Cr pollution in the environment as these green and efficient remediation technologies are necessary for the protection of soil and water ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingzhuo Han
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Haiping Gu
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Wenjie Lu
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Hanyin Li
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Wan-Xi Peng
- College of Forestry, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Nyuk Ling Ma
- BIOSES Research Interest Group, Faculty of Science & Marine Environment, 21030, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Sustainable Engineering, Institute of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, 602105, India
| | - Su Shiung Lam
- Higher Institution Centre of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical Aquaculture and Fisheries (AKUATROP), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030, Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia; Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Christian Sonne
- Department of Ecoscience, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, Roskilde, DK-4000, Denmark; Sustainability Cluster, School of Engineering, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, 248007, India.
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Kaya C, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Citric acid and hydrogen sulfide cooperate to mitigate chromium stress in tomato plants by modulating the ascorbate-glutathione cycle, chromium sequestration, and subcellular allocation of chromium. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 335:122292. [PMID: 37536477 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in regulating chromium stress (Cr-S) tolerance of tomato plants treated with citric acid (CA). Prior to the Cr treatment, tomato plants were foliar-fed with CA (100 μM) daily for 3 days. Subsequently, the plants were grown for another ten days in a hydroponic system in a 50 μM Cr (VI) solution. Chromium treatment reduced photosynthetic pigments and plant biomass, but boosted the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) malondialdehyde (MDA), H2S, phytochelatins (PCs), and glutathione (GSH), electrolyte leakage (EL), and antioxidant enzyme activity in tomato plants. However, the foliar spray of CA mitigated the levels of H2O2, MDA, and EL, promoted plant growth and chlorophyll content, enhanced antioxidant enzymes' activities, and increased H2S production in Cr-S-tomato plants. CA also increased the levels of GSH and PCs, potentially reducing the toxicity of Cr through regulated sequestration. Additionally, the application of sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS), a donor of H2S, improved CA-induced Cr stress tolerance. The addition of CA promoted Cr accumulation in root cell wall and leaf vacuoles to suppress its toxicity. To assess the involvement of H2S in CA-mediated Cr-S tolerance, 0.1 mM hypotaurine (HT), an H2S scavenger, was provided to the control and Cr-S-plants along with CA and CA + NaHS. HT reduced the beneficial effects of CA by decreasing H2S production in tomato plants. However, the NaHS addition with CA + HT inverted the adverse impacts of HT, indicating that H2S is required for CA-induced Cr-S tolerance in tomato plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammad Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Pakistan; International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, The University of Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Raja V, Qadir SU, Kumar N, Alsahli AA, Rinklebe J, Ahmad P. Melatonin and strigolactone mitigate chromium toxicity through modulation of ascorbate-glutathione pathway and gene expression in tomato. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2023; 201:107872. [PMID: 37478726 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.107872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is considered one of the most hazardous metal contaminant reducing crop production and putting human health at risk. Phytohormones are known to regulate chromium stress, however, the function of melatonin and strigolactones in Chromium stress tolerance in tomato is rarely investigated. Here we investigated the potential role of melatonin (ML) and strigolactone (SL) on mitigating Chromium toxicity in tomato. With exposure to 300 μM Cr stress a remarkable decline in growth (63.01%), biomass yield (50.25)%, Pigment content (24.32%), photosynthesis, gas exchange and Physico-biochemical attributes of tomato was observed. Cr treatment also resulted in oxidative stress closely associated with higher H2O2 generation (215.66%), Lipid peroxidation (50.29%), electrolyte leakage (440.01%) and accumulation of osmolytes like proline and glycine betine. Moreover, Cr toxicity up-regulated the transcriptional expression profiles of antioxidant, stress related and metal transporter genes and down-regulated the genes related to photosynthesis. The application of ML and SL alleviated the Cr induced phytotoxic effects on photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange parameters and restored growth of tomato plants. ML and SL supplementation induced plant defense system via enhanced regulation of antioxidant enzymes, ascorbate and glutathione pool and transcriptional regulation of several genes. The coordinated regulation of antioxidant and glyoxalase systems expressively suppressed the oxidative stress. Hence, ML and SL application might be considered as an effective approach for minimizing Cr uptake and its detrimental effects in tomato plants grown in contaminated soils. The study may also provide new insights into the role of transcriptional regulation in the protection against heavy metal toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaseem Raja
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Sami Ullah Qadir
- Department of Environmental Sciences Govt. Degree College for Women, Udhampur, 182101, India
| | - Naveen Kumar
- University Centre for Research and Development, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, 140413, India
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jörg Rinklebe
- University of Wuppertal, School of Architecture and Civil Engineering, Institute of Foundation Engineering, Water and Waste Management, Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Management, Pauluskirchstraße 7, 42285, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama, 192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Sharma P, Singh SP, Tripathi RD, Tong YW. Chromium toxicity and tolerance mechanisms in plants through cross-talk of secondary messengers: An overview of pathways and mechanisms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2023; 320:121049. [PMID: 36627046 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.121049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Environmental sources of chromium (Cr) such as solid waste, battery chemicals, industrial /waste, automotive exhaust emissions, mineral mining, fertilizers, and pesticides, have detrimental effects on plants. An excessive amount of Cr exposure can lead to toxic accumulations in human, animal, and plant tissues. In plants, diverse signaling molecules like hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and nitric oxide (NO) play multiple roles during Cr stress. Consequently, the molecular mechanisms of Cr toxicity in plants, such as metal binding, modifying enzyme activity, and damaging cells are examined by several studies. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) that are formed when Cr reacts with lipids, membranes, DNA, proteins, and carbohydrates are all responsible for damage caused by Cr. ROS regulate plant growth, programmed cell death (PCD), cell cycle, pathogen defense, systemic communication, abiotic stress responses, and growth. Plants accumulate Cr mostly through the root system, with very little movement to the shoots. The characterization of stress-inducible proteins and metabolites involved in Cr tolerance and cross-talk messengers has been made possible due to recent advances in metabolomics, transcriptomics, and proteomics. This review discusses Cr absorption, translocation, subcellular distribution, and cross-talk between secondary messengers as mechanisms responsible for Cr toxicity and tolerance in plants. To mitigate this problem, soil-plant systems need to be monitored for the biogeochemical behavior of Cr and the identification of secondary messengers in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Sharma
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore.
| | - Surendra Pratap Singh
- Plant Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Botany, Dayanand Anglo-Vedic (PG) College, Chhatrapati Shahu Ji Maharaj University, Kanpur, 208001, India
| | - Rudra Deo Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, 226 001, India
| | - Yen Wah Tong
- Environmental Research Institute, National University of Singapore, 1 Create Way, 138602, Singapore; Energy and Environmental Sustainability for Megacities (E2S2) Phase II, Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), 1 CREATE Way, Singapore, 138602, Singapore; Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive, 117585, Singapore
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Soni SK, Kumar G, Bajpai A, Singh R, Bajapi Y, Tiwari S. Hexavalent chromium-reducing plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria are utilized to bio-fortify trivalent chromium in fenugreek by promoting plant development and decreasing the toxicity of hexavalent chromium in the soil. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 76:127116. [PMID: 36481602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2022.127116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fenugreek is known to have good anti-diabetes properties. Moreover, several studies accounted that the trivalent form of chromium [Cr(III)] also have anti-diabetic properties. However, its hexavalent form i.e., Cr(VI) is known to be highly toxic and carcinogenic to living beings and retarded plant growth even if it is present in low concentration in soil. Many plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are reported to have the potential to reduce the Cr(VI) into Cr(III) in soil. In view of the above, the present objective was designed to effectively utilize Cr(VI) reducing PGPRs for the growth and development of fenugreek plant in Cr(VI) amended soil, apart from reducing Cr(VI) in soil and fortification of Cr(III) in the aerial part of plants. METHODS The experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of Cr(VI)-reducing PGPRs viz. Bacillus cereus (SUCR44); Microbacterium sp. (SUCR140); Bacillus thuringiensis (SUCR186) and B. subtilis (SUCR188) on growth, uptake and translocation of Cr as well as other physiological parameters in fenugreek grown under artificially Cr(VI) amended soil (100 mg kg-1 of Cr(VI) in soil). RESULTS The aforementioned concentration of Cr(VI) in soil cause severe reduction in root length (41 %), plant height (43 %), dry root (38 %) and herb biomass (48 %), when compared with control negative (CN; uninoculated plant not grown in Cr(VI) contaminated soil). However, the presence of Microbacterium sp.-SURC140 (MB) mitigates the Cr toxicity resulting in improved root length (92 %), plant height (86 %), dry root (74 %) and herb biomass (99 %) as compared with control positive (CP; uninoculated plants grown in Cr(VI) contaminated soil). The maximum reduction in bioavailability (82 %) of Cr(VI) in soil and its uptake (50 %) by the plant were also observed in MB-treated plants. However, All Cr(VI)-reducing PGPRs failed to decrease the translocation of Cr to the aerial parts. Moreover, the plant treated with MB observed diminution in relative water content (13 %), electrolyte leakage (16%) and lipid peroxidation (38 %) as well as higher chlorophyll (37 %) carotenoids (17 %) contents and antioxidants (18%) potential. CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that MB can lower the Cr(VI) toxicity to the plant by reducing the bioavailable Cr(VI), consequently reducing the Cr(VI) toxicity level in soil and helping in improving the growth and yield of fenugreek. Additionally, Cr(III) uptakes and translocation may improve the effectiveness of fenugreek in treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Soni
- Department of Microbial Technology Division, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India.
| | - Govind Kumar
- Crop Production Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Anju Bajpai
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Rakshapal Singh
- Department of Microbial Technology Division, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India; Biological Central Facility, CSIR, Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, Lucknow 226015, India
| | - Yashi Bajapi
- Crop Improvement and Biotechnology Division, ICAR, Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture, Rehmankhera, P.O. Kakori, Lucknow 226101, India
| | - Sudeep Tiwari
- Department of Geography and Environmental Development, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653 Beer-Sheva, Israel.
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10
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Niu Z, Li X, Mahamood M. Accumulation Potential Cadmium and Lead by Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.) under Citric and Glutaric Acid-Assisted Phytoextraction. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:4107. [PMID: 36901118 PMCID: PMC10001555 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20054107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Organic acid assistance is one of the effective methods for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil. In this experiment, the addition of citric and glutaric acids was selected to improve the accumulation of cadmium and lead by Helianthus annuus L. Results showed that citric and glutaric acids elevated the growth of the plants and stimulated Cd/Pb uptake by plant in single Cd/Pb treatments, but glutaric acid showed inhibitory action on the uptake of metals in complex treatments. Organic acids impacted the translocation of Cd/Pb differently, and citric acids (30 mg·L-1) enhanced the translocation of Cd to aerial parts of the plants in Cd (5 mg·kg-1) and Cd (10 mg·kg-1) plus Pb treatments. Glutaric acid (30 mg·L-1) could promote the translocation factors in the complex treatments of Cd (5 mg·kg-1) with Pb (50, 100 mg·kg-1) added. The application of citric and glutaric acid could be conducive to increase floral growth when proper doses are used, and incorporation of these organic acids can be a useful approach to assist cadmium and lead uptake by sunflower. However, growth, bioaccumulation, and translocation of metals may differ due to the metals' property, kinds, and concentrations of organic acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixin Niu
- Department of Environment, Shenyang University, Shenyang 110021, China
| | - Xiaojun Li
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mohammad Mahamood
- Department of Biology, Deanship of Educational Services, Qassim University, Buraidah 52571, Saudi Arabia
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Kaya C, Ugurlar F, Ashraf M, Alyemeni MN, Moustakas M, Ahmad P. 5-Aminolevulinic Acid Induces Chromium [Cr(VI)] Tolerance in Tomatoes by Alleviating Oxidative Damage and Protecting Photosystem II: A Mechanistic Approach. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:502. [PMID: 36771587 PMCID: PMC9920640 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium [Cr(VI)] pollution is a major environmental risk, reducing crop yields. 5-Aminolevunic acid (5-ALA) considerably improves plant abiotic stress tolerance by inducing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and nitric oxide (NO) signalling. Our investigation aimed to uncover the mechanism of tomato tolerance to Cr(VI) toxicity through the foliar application of 5-ALA for three days, fifteen days before Cr treatment. Chromium alone decreased plant biomass and photosynthetic pigments, but increased oxidative stress markers, i.e., H2O2 and lipid peroxidation (as MDA equivalent). Electrolyte leakage (EL), NO, nitrate reductase (NR), phytochelatins (PCs), glutathione (GSH), and enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants were also increased. Foliar application of 5-ALA before Cr treatment improved plant growth and photosynthetic pigments, diminished H2O2, MDA content, and EL, and resulted in additional enhancements of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants, NR activity, and NO synthesis. In Cr-treated tomato seedlings, 5-ALA enhanced GSH and PCs, which modulated Cr sequestration to make it nontoxic. 5-ALA-induced Cr tolerance was further enhanced by sodium nitroprusside (SNP), a NO donor. When sodium tungstate (ST), a NR inhibitor, was supplied together with 5-ALA to Cr-treated plants, it eliminated the beneficial effects of 5-ALA by decreasing NR activity and NO synthesis, while the addition of SNP inverted the adverse effects of ST. We conclude that the mechanism by which 5-ALA induced Cr tolerance in tomato seedlings is mediated by NR-generated NO. Thus, NR and NO are twin players, reducing Cr toxicity in tomato plants via antioxidant signalling cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cengiz Kaya
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, 63200 Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Ferhat Ugurlar
- Soil Science and Plant Nutrition Department, Harran University, 63200 Sanliurfa, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ashraf
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54600, Pakistan
| | | | - Michael Moustakas
- Department of Botany, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Jammu and Kashmir, Pulwama 192301, India
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12
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Sarfraz W, Farid M, Khalid N, Rizvi ZF, Asam ZUZ, Nazir A, Naeem N, Farid S, Ali S. Ameliorative role of foliar Zn-lysine application on wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) stressed by Tannery Wastewater. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:2099-2110. [PMID: 36573149 PMCID: PMC9789243 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01265-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Tannery industries discharge a high concentration of chromium (Cr) along with other heavy metals, which are hazardous for all life forms. With increasing shortage of freshwater, tannery effluent is frequently used for crop an irrigation, causing damage to plants' health. In order to address this challenge, amino acid chelate fertilizer was used to investigate the impact on wheat crops against tannery waste water. Tannery wastewater (TW) was used at different levels such as 0%, 25%, 50%, and 100% with an amendment of foliar Zn-lysine (Zn-lys) at30 mg/L. This research highlighted the positive correlation of Zn-lysine on the morpho-physiological, biochemical, and gas exchange traits under different levels of tannery wastewater. The findings of this study showed that the application of Cr-rich tannery wastewater at different treatment levels resulted in a significant reduction in plant height (23%, 31%, and 36%), the number of tillers (21%, 30%, and 43%), spike (19%, 36%, and 55%) and dry weight (DW) of grains (10%, 25%, and 49%) roots DW (17%, 41%, 56%), and shoots DW (22%, 32%, and 47%) as compared to control. Foliar-applied Zn-lys positively enhanced photosynthetic attributes, antioxidant enzymes activities and gas exchange traits by reducing the oxidative stress alone and under Cr stress. The concentration of Cr in roots (21%, 37%, 38%) and shoots (11%, 36%, 37%) was reduced by the foliar application of Zn-lys at different treatment levels. These findings conclude that Zn-lys served as a protector for the growth and development of wheat and has an incredible potential to inhibit the phytotoxicity induced by excess Cr. Graphical abstract Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01265-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajiha Sarfraz
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700 Pakistan
| | - Noreen Khalid
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Zarrin Fatima Rizvi
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Zaki ul Zaman Asam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700 Pakistan
| | - Aisha Nazir
- Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Nayab Naeem
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University, Sialkot, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Earth and Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences and Ryan Institute, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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13
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Alam P, Azzam MA, Balawi TA, Raja V, Bhat JA, Ahmad P. Mitigation of Negative Effects of Chromium (VI) Toxicity in Faba Bean ( Vicia faba) Plants through the Supplementation of Kinetin (KN) and Gibberellic Acid (GA3). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11233302. [PMID: 36501342 PMCID: PMC9736587 DOI: 10.3390/plants11233302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The present study was carried out to explore the possible role of kinetin and gibberellic acid (GA3) on faba bean under chromium (Cr) stress. Cr treatment negatively affected growth and biomass production, reduced photosynthetic pigments, and inhibited photosynthesis, gas exchange parameters, antioxidant enzymes, and the glyoxylase cycle. Moreover, Cr stress enhanced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA, 216.11%) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2, 230.16%), electrolyte leakage (EL, 293.30%), and the accumulation of proline and glycine betaine. Exogenous application of kinetin and GA3 increased growth and biomass, improved pigment contents and photosynthesis, as well as up-regulated the antioxidant system by improving the antioxidant enzyme activities and the content of nonenzymatic components, and the glyoxylase cycle. Additionally, kinetin and GA3 application displayed a considerable enhancement in proline (602.61%) and glycine betaine (423.72), which help the plants to maintain water balance under stress. Furthermore, a decline in Cr uptake was also observed due to kinetin and GA3 application. Exogenous application of kinetin and GA3 ameliorated the toxic effects of Cr in faba bean plants, up-shooting the tolerance mechanisms, including osmolyte metabolism and the antioxidant system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pravej Alam
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged A. Azzam
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thamer Al Balawi
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vaseem Raja
- University Centre for Research and Development Department, Chandigarh University Gharuan, Chandigarh 140413, India
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC Pulwama, Pulwama 192301, India
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Zhang Z, Yuan L, Ma Y, Kang Z, Zhou F, Gao Y, Yang S, Li T, Hu X. Exogenous 5-aminolevulinic acid alleviates low-temperature damage by modulating the xanthophyll cycle and nutrient uptake in tomato seedlings. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 189:83-93. [PMID: 36058015 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
5-Aminolevulinic acid (ALA), an antioxidant existing in plants, has been widely reported to participate in the process of coping with cold stress of plants. In this study, exogenous ALA promoted the growth of tomato plants and alleviated the appearance of purple tomato leaves under low-temperature stress. At the same time, exogenous ALA improved antioxidant enzyme activities, SlSOD gene expression, Fv/Fm, and proline contents and reduced H2O2 contents, SlRBOH gene expression, relative electrical conductivity, and malondialdehyde contents to alleviate the damage caused by low temperature to tomato seedlings. Compared with low-temperature stress, spraying exogenous ALA before low-temperature stress could restore the indicators of photochemical quenching, actual photochemical efficiency, electron transport rate, and nonphotochemical quenching to normal. Exogenous ALA could increase the total contents of the xanthophyll cycle pool, the positive de-epoxidation rate of the xanthophyll cycle and improved the expression levels of key genes in the xanthophyll cycle under low-temperature stress. In addition, we found that exogenous ALA significantly enhanced the absorption of mineral nutrients, promoted the transfer and distribution of mineral nutrients to the leaves, and improved the expression levels of mineral nutrient absorption-related genes, which were all conducive to the improved adaptation of tomato seedlings under low-temperature stress. In summary, the application of exogenous ALA can increase tomato seedlings' tolerance to low-temperature stress by improving the xanthophyll cycle and the ability of the absorption of mineral nutrients in tomato seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengda Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Luqiao Yuan
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yongbo Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Zhen Kang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Fan Zhou
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Yi Gao
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Shichun Yang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
| | - Tianlai Li
- College of Horticulture, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
| | - Xiaohui Hu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Engineering in Northwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China; Shaanxi Protected Agriculture Research Centre, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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15
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Hassan A, Parveen A, Hussain S, Hussain I, Rasheed R. Investigating the role of different maize (Zea mays L.) cultivars by studying morpho-physiological attributes in chromium-stressed environment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 29:72886-72897. [PMID: 35614358 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-19398-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Because of global land surface warming, heavy metal toxicity is expected to occur more often and more intensely, affecting the growth and development of the major cereal crops such as maize (Zea mays L.) in several ways, thus affecting the production component of food security. Hence, it is important to know the best cultivars of Z. mays in abiotic stress environment to fulfill the market demand of this staple food. For this purpose, we investigate the present study to find the best Z. mays cultivar to be grown in chromium (Cr)-contaminated sand (200 µM). In this experiment, we have studied 10 cultivars (Malka, Sadaf, Pearl, CZP, YY, YH, MMRI-yellow, Sahiwal, EV-20, and EV-77) of Z. mays grown in plastic pots for 4 weeks (in addition with seed germination) under Cr - (0 µM) and Cr + (200 µM) in sand medium. Based on the findings of the current experiment, we illustrated that Cr toxicity induced a significant (P < 0.05) reduction in shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight, root fresh weight, shoot dry weight and root dry weight, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoid content and induced oxidative damage to membrane-bounded organelles by increasing the malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide which were manifested by flavonoid and phenolic contents. Moreover, Cr uptake was also higher in the plants grown in the Cr-contaminated sand compared to the plants grown without the Cr-contaminated sand. We also noticed that Pearl, CZP, and Sahiwal cultivars are suggested to be Cr-tolerant cultivars as showed better growth and development in Cr-contaminated sand while Sadaf, MMRI, and EV-77 showed lower growth and composition in Cr-contaminated sand. The overall pattern of Z. mays cultivars grown in Cr-contaminated sand is as follows: Pearl > CZP > Sahiwal > YY > YH > EV-20 > Malka > EV-77 > MMRI-yellow > Sadaf. Conclusively, it can be identified that when grown in Cr-contaminated sand, Pearl, CZP, and Sahiwal have greater ability to grow in polluted soils. Overall, Z. mays cultivars showed better growth in Cr-stressed environment due to defense mechanism but further experiments needed to be conducted on molecular level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amara Hassan
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Abida Parveen
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Saddam Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38040, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
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16
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Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Hussain I, Hafeez A, Adrees M, Rehman MZU, Rizwan M, Ali S. Effect of different seed priming agents on chromium accumulation, oxidative defense, glyoxalase system and mineral nutrition in canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 309:119769. [PMID: 35850318 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.119769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The present experiment was conducted to appraise the role of different seed priming agents in circumventing the negative impact of chromium (Cr) toxicity on canola plants. Chromium toxicity resulted in significant decline in photosynthetic pigments and growth attributes of two canola cultivars (Puriga and MS-007). Cr toxicity also resulted in higher oxidative stress mirrored as greater accumulation of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) superoxide radical (O2•‒), electrolyte leakage (EL) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Further, lipoxygenase enzyme activity that catalyzes the peroxidation of membrane lipids was also enhanced due to Cr toxicity. Canola plants also manifested impaired methylglyoxal (MG) detoxification due to the downregulation of glyoxalase enzymes (GlyI and II) under Cr stress. Seed priming treatments viz. osmo-priming with calcium chloride (CaCl2) and hormonal priming with salicylic acid (SA) remarkably improved growth and chlorophyll content in both canola cultivars under Cr toxicity as compared to other priming treatments such as hydro-priming, redox priming (H2O2) and chemical priming (Se; selenium). Moreover, CaCl2 and SA seed priming also resulted in lower oxidative stress and improved enzymatic (SOD, POD, CAT, APX, GR, GST) and non-enzymatic (GSH, phenolics, flavonoids, proline) antioxidant system of both cultivars under Cr toxicity. Further, hormonal and osmo-priming strengthened glyoxalase and antioxidant systems, thus improving reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MG detoxification. In this background, the cultivar Puriga is considered Cr tolerant as it exhibited better growth and lesser oxidative stress in both seed priming and non-primed conditions under Cr toxicity than cv. MS-007.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Arslan Hafeez
- Department of Botany Government College University Faisalabad, 38000, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Adrees
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman
- Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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17
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Cai X, Fu J, Li X, Peng L, Yang L, Liang Y, Jiang M, Ma J, Sun L, Guo B, Yu X. Low-molecular-weight organic acid-mediated tolerance and Pb accumulation in centipedegrass under Pb stress. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 241:113755. [PMID: 35689889 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most harmful, toxic pollutants to the ecological environment and humans. Centipedegrass, a fast-growing warm-season turfgrass, is excellent for Pb pollution remediation. Exogenous low-molecular-weight organic acid (LMWOA) treatment is a promising approach for assisted phytoremediation. However, the effects of this treatment on the tolerance and Pb accumulation of centipedegrass are unclear. This study investigated these effects on the physiological growth response and Pb accumulation distribution characteristics of centipedegrass. Applications of 400 μM citric acid (CA), malic acid (MA) and tartaric acid (TA) significantly reduced membrane lipid peroxidation levels of leaves and improved biomass production of Pb-stressed plants. These treatments mainly increased peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) activities and enhanced free protein (Pro), ascorbic acid (AsA) and phytochelatins (PCs) contents, ultimately improving the Pb tolerance of centipedegrass. Their promoting effects decreased as follows: TA>CA>MA. All the treatments decreased root Pb concentrations and increased stem and leaf Pb concentrations, thus increasing total Pb accumulation and TF values. MA had the best and worst effects on Pb accumulation and Pb transportation, respectively. CA had the best and worst effects on Pb transportation and Pb accumulation, respectively. TA exhibited strong effects on both Pb accumulation and transport. Furthermore, all treatments changed the subcellular Pb distribution patterns and distribution models of the chemical forms of Pb in each tissue. The root Pb concentration was more highly correlated with the Pb subcellular fraction distribution pattern, while the stem and leaf Pb concentrations were more highly correlated with the distribution models of the chemical forms of Pb. Overall, TA improved plant Pb tolerance best and promoted both Pb absorption and transportation well and is considered the best candidate for Pb-contaminated soil remediation with centipedegrass. This study provides a new idea for Pb-contaminated soil remediation with centipedegrass combined with LMWOAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Cai
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Jingyi Fu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xi Li
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Lingli Peng
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Liqi Yang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Yahao Liang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Mingyan Jiang
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Jun Ma
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Lingxia Sun
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Baimeng Guo
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
| | - Xiaofang Yu
- College of Landscape Architecture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China.
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18
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Shah AA, Shah AN, Bilal Tahir M, Abbas A, Javad S, Ali S, Rizwan M, Alotaibi SS, Kalaji HM, Telesinski A, Javed T, AbdElgawad H. Harzianopyridone Supplementation Reduced Chromium Uptake and Enhanced Activity of Antioxidant Enzymes in Vigna radiata Seedlings Exposed to Chromium Toxicity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:881561. [PMID: 35860543 PMCID: PMC9290437 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.881561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This study explains the scarce information on the role of harzianopyridone (HZRP) in the alleviation of chromium (Cr) stress alleviation in Vigna radiata (L.). To this end, V. radiata seedlings primed with HZRP at 1 and 2 ppm were exposed to 50 mg kg-1 Cr for 30 days. Cr stress reduced growth, chlorophyll (Chl) content, net photosynthetic rate, gas-exchange attributes along with enhanced oxidative damages, i.e., electrolyte leakage (EL), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA). Application of HZRP enhanced intercellular carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration, stomatal conductance, and net photosynthetic rate with decreased activity of the chlorophyllase (Chlase) enzyme in V. radiata seedlings exposed to Cr stressed conditions. To maintain Cr-induced oxidative damages, HZRP treatment increased the levels of antioxidant metabolites (phenolic and flavonoids) and the activity of antioxidative enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and peroxidase (POD)] in V. radiata seedlings grown in normal and Cr-polluted potted soil. In addition to this, glycine betaine content was also increased in plants grown in Cr-contaminated soil. It is proposed the potential role of supplementation of HZRP in mitigating Cr stress. Further research should be conducted to evaluate the potential of HZRP in the mitigation of abiotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Ali Shah
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Adnan Noor Shah
- Department of Agricultural Engineering, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal Tahir
- Department of Physics, Khwaja Fareed University of Engineering and Information Technology, Rahim Yar Khan, Pakistan
| | - Asad Abbas
- School of Horticulture, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Sumera Javad
- Department of Botany, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Sajid Ali
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Technology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Saqer S. Alotaibi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- Department of Plant Physiology, Institute of Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Szkoła Główna Gospodarstwa Wiejskiego (SGGW), Warsaw, Poland
- Institute of Technology and Life Sciences-National Research Institute, Falenty, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Telesinski
- Department of Bioengineering, West Pomeranian, University of Technology in Szczecin, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Talha Javed
- College of Agriculture, Fijian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Hamada AbdElgawad
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, Egypt
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19
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Ilyas N, Akhtar N, Yasmin H, Sahreen S, Hasnain Z, Kaushik P, Ahmad A, Ahmad P. Efficacy of citric acid chelate and Bacillus sp. in amelioration of cadmium and chromium toxicity in wheat. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133342. [PMID: 34922965 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals contamination in agricultural soil is a major issue having drastic effects on plants and human health. To solve this issue, we have formulated and tested a new approach of fusion of inorganic (citric acid chelate) and organic (Bacillus sp.) amelioration methods for heavy metals. The Bacillus sp. was heavy metal tolerant and showed plant growth-promoting characteristics including phosphate solubilization, siderophore production, hydrogen cyanide production, indole acetic acid production, and 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase production. The analysis of data showed that plants receiving the combined application of citric acid (CA) chelate and Bacillus sp. mitigated heavy metal toxicity. They augmented the biomass production and amount of photosynthetic pigments in plant cells. They suppressed the negative effects of Cadmium (Cd) and Chromium (Cr) on plants' metabolic systems. A considerable increase was also observed in the activity of enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants which reduced the damaging effects of reactive oxygen species and maintained internal structures of cells. The decrease in the content of Cr and Cd in wheat grains by the treatment of CA chelate and Bacillus sp. was 51%, and 27% respectively. The bioaccumulation of metals was also reduced to 49% (Cr) and 57% (Cd). This approach can be tested and applied in field conditions for soils with heavy metals contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noshin Ilyas
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan.
| | - Nosheen Akhtar
- Department of Botany, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Yasmin
- Department of Bio-Sciences, COMSATS University, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Sahreen
- Principle Scientific Officer, Pakistan Museum of Natural History/ Pakistan Science Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Zuhair Hasnain
- Department of Agronomy, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, 46300, Pakistan
| | - Prashant Kaushik
- Instituto de Conservación y Mejora de la Agrodiversidad Valenciana, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera 14, 46022, Valencia, Spain
| | - Ajaz Ahmad
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Basit F, Akhter Bhat J, Han J, Guan Y, Latief Jan B, Shakoor A, Alansi S. Screening of rice cultivars for Cr-stress response by using the parameters of seed germination, morpho-physiological and antioxidant analysis. Saudi J Biol Sci 2022; 29:3918-3928. [PMID: 35844371 PMCID: PMC9280261 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2022.02.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice is the most important crop for the majority of population across the world with sensitive behavior toward heavy metals such as chromium (Cr) in polluted regions. Although, there is no information on the Cr resistance phenotyping in rice. Herein, two different groups of rice cultivars (normal, and hybrid) were used, each group with 14 different rice cultivars. Firstly, seed germination analysis was conducted by evaluating various seed germination indices to identify the rice cultivars with greatest seed germination vigor. Furthermore, exposure of chromium (Cr) toxicity to 28 different rice varieties (NV1-NV14, HV1-HV14) caused noticeable plant biomass reduction. Subsequently, NV2, NV6, NV10, NV12, NV13 (normal type), HV1, HV4, HV8, and HV9 (hybrid types) were pragmatic as moderately sensitive varieties, while NV3, NV4, NV9, and NV14 (normal type), HV3, HV6, HV7, and HV13 were observed as moderately tolerant. Although, NV7, and HV10 were ranked most sensitive cultivars, and NV11, and HV14 were considered as most tolerant varieties as compared to the other rice (both groups) genotypes. Afterward, Cr induced reduction in chlorophyll pigments were significantly lesser in HV14 relative to NV11, NV7, and especially HV10, and as a result HV14 modulated the total soluble sugar level as well as reduced ROS accumulation, and MDA contents production by stimulating the antioxidant defense mechanism conspicuously which further reduced the electrolyte leakage as well. Our outcomes provide support to explore the Cr tolerance mechanism in cereal crops as well as knowledge about rice breeding with increased tolerance against Cr stress.
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21
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Zaheer IE, Ali S, Saleem MH, Yousaf HS, Malik A, Abbas Z, Rizwan M, Abualreesh MH, Alatawi A, Wang X. Combined application of zinc and iron-lysine and its effects on morpho-physiological traits, antioxidant capacity and chromium uptake in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). PLoS One 2022; 17:e0262140. [PMID: 34995308 PMCID: PMC8740971 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0262140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental contamination of chromium (Cr) has gained substantial consideration worldwide because of its high levels in the water and soil. A pot experiment using oil seed crop (rapeseed (Brassica napus L.)) grown under different levels of tannery wastewater (0, 33, 66 and 100%) in the soil using the foliar application of zinc (Zn) and iron (Fe)-lysine (lys) has been conducted. Results revealed that a considerable decline in the plant growth and biomass elevates with the addition of concentrations of tannery wastewater. Maximum decline in plant height, number of leaves, root length, fresh and dry biomass of root and leaves were recorded at the maximum level of tannery wastewater application (100%) compared to the plants grown without the addition of tannery wastewater (0%) in the soil. Similarly, contents of carotenoid and chlorophyll, gas exchange parameters and activities of various antioxidants (superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) were also reduced significantly (P < 0.05) with the increasing concentration of tannery wastewater (33, 66 and 100%) in the soil. In addition, a combined application of Zn and Fe-lys reduced the accumulation and uptake of toxic Cr, while boosting the uptake of essential micronutrients such as Zn and Fe in different tissues of the plants. Results concluded that exogenous application of micronutrients chelated with amino acid successfully mitigate Cr stress in B. napus. Under field conditions, supplementation with these micronutrient-chelated amino acids may be an effective method for alleviating metal stress in other essential seed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Hafiza Sana Yousaf
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Afifa Malik
- Sustainable Development Study of Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muyassar H. Abualreesh
- Department of Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, King Abdualaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aishah Alatawi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Tabuk University, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiukang Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Yan’an University, Yan’an, China
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22
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Ma J, Saleem MH, Yasin G, Mumtaz S, Qureshi FF, Ali B, Ercisli S, Alhag SK, Ahmed AE, Vodnar DC, Hussain I, Marc RA, Chen F. Individual and combinatorial effects of SNP and NaHS on morpho-physio-biochemical attributes and phytoextraction of chromium through Cr-stressed spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:973740. [PMID: 36061765 PMCID: PMC9428630 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.973740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is a toxic heavy metal that contaminates soil and water resources after its discharge from different industries. A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effects of single and/or combined application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) (250 μM) and sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS) (1 mM) on growth, photosynthetic pigments, gas exchange characteristics, oxidative stress biomarkers, antioxidant machinery (enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidants), ion uptake, organic acid exudation, and Cr uptake of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) exposed to severe Cr stress [Cr: 0 (no Cr), 150, and 300 μM]. Our results depicted that Cr addition to the soil significantly (P < 0.05) decreased plant growth and biomass, gas exchange attributes, and mineral uptake by S. oleracea when compared to the plants grown without the addition of Cr. However, Cr toxicity boosted the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), which is the indication of oxidative stress in S. oleracea, and was also manifested by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content and electrolyte leakage to the membrane-bound organelles. The results showed that the activities of various antioxidative enzymes, such as superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and the content of non-enzymatic antioxidants, such as phenolic, flavonoid, ascorbic acid, and anthocyanin, initially increased with an increase in the Cr concentration in the soil. The results also revealed that the levels of soluble sugar, reducing sugar, and non-reducing sugar were decreased in plants grown under elevating Cr levels, but the accumulation of the metal in the roots and shoots of S. oleracea, was found to be increased, and the values of bioaccumulation factor were <1 in all the Cr treatments. The negative impacts of Cr injury were reduced by the application of SNP and NaHS (individually or combined), which increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic apparatus, antioxidant enzymes, and mineral uptake, as well as diminished the exudation of organic acids and oxidative stress indicators in roots of S. oleracea by decreasing Cr toxicity. Here, we conclude that the application of SNP and NaHS under the exposure to Cr stress significantly improved plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gas exchange characteristics; regulated antioxidant defense system and essential nutrient uptake; and balanced organic acid exudation pattern in S. oleracea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Ma
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
| | | | - Ghulam Yasin
- Institute of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Sahar Mumtaz
- Division of Science and Technology, Department of Botany, University of Education, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Freeha Fatima Qureshi
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Baber Ali
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Sezai Ercisli
- Department of Horticulture Faculty of Agriculture Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Sadeq K. Alhag
- Biology Department, College of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Muhayil, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, College of Science, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Dan C. Vodnar
- Institute of Life Sciences, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- *Correspondence: Iqbal Hussain
| | - Romina Alina Marc
- Food Engineering Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Science and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Romina Alina Marc
| | - Fu Chen
- School of Public Administration, Hohai University, Nanjing, China
- Fu Chen
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23
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Gupta S, Seth CS. Salicylic acid alleviates chromium (VI) toxicity by restricting its uptake, improving photosynthesis and augmenting antioxidant defense in Solanum lycopersicum L. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 27:2651-2664. [PMID: 34924716 PMCID: PMC8639991 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-021-01088-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of agricultural soil by chromium (Cr) is a serious menace to environmental safety and global food security. Although potential of salicylic acid (SA) in mitigating heavy metal (HM) toxicity in plants is well recognized, detailed physiological mechanisms behind such beneficial effects under Cr-stress in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plant are far from being completely unravelled. The present study evaluated the efficacy of exogenously applied SA, in alleviating Cr-mediated alterations on photosynthesis and antioxidant defense in tomato exposed to three different concentrations of Cr(VI) [0, 50, and 100 mg Cr(VI) kg-1 soil]. Exposure of tomato plants to Cr resulted in increased Cr-accumulation and oxidative damage, as signposted by high Cr concentration in root as well as shoot, augmented malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxides levels, and inhibition in enzymes of ascorbate-glutathione (AsA-GSH) cycle. Furthermore, a significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction in photosynthetic pigments and gas exchange parameters was also evident in Cr-stressed tomato plants. Findings of the present study showed that exogenous application of 0.5 mM SA not only promoted plant growth subjected to Cr, but also restored Cr-mediated disturbances in plant physiology. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) decrease in Cr acquisition and translocation as evidenced by improved growth and photosynthesis in SA-treated plants was observed. Additionally, exogenous SA application by virtue of its positive effect on efficient antioxidant system ameliorated the Cr-mediated oxidative stress in tomato plants as signposted by lower MDA and superoxide levels and improved AsA-GSH cycle. Overall, current study advocates the potential of exogenous SA application in amelioration of Cr-mediated physiological disturbances in tomato plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samta Gupta
- Department of Botany, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007 India
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24
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Ishaq HK, Farid M, Zubair M, Alharby HF, Asam ZUZ, Farid S, Bamagoos AA, Alharbi BM, Shakoor MB, Ahmad SR, Rizwan M, Ali S. Efficacy of Lemna minor and Typha latifolia for the treatment of textile industry wastewater in a constructed wetland under citric acid amendment: A lab scale study. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131107. [PMID: 34144284 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb), copper (Cu) and chromium (Cr) are one of the most harmful heavy metals (HMs), entering into the food chain through the irrigation of crops with an industrial effluent. The present study was performed to evaluate the toxic effects of textile effluents and performance of citric acid (CA) on phytoextraction potential of Lemna minor L. and Typha latifolia L. in an artificially designed wetland. Different doses of textile wastewater (0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%) and CA (10 mM) were applied alone and in combination. Plants were harvested and the data was collected regarding agronomic traits, photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzymes, reactive oxygen species (ROS), electrolytic leakage (EL) and HMs uptake and accumulation. The results depicted that the concentration and accumulation of Cu, Pb and Cr in different parts of T. latifolia plant was increased with and without CA addition. The maximum concentration of Pb, Cu and Cr increased in leaves by 279, 240 & 171%, in stem by 192, 172 & 154%, and in roots by 224, 183 & 168%, respectively. Similarly, the accumulation of Pb, Cu and Cr increased in leaves by 91, 71 & 36%, in stem by 57, 46 & 36% and in roots by 76, 53 & 45%, respectively in plants treated with 100% textile effluent as compared to the 25% textile effluent treated plants under CA amendment. In L. minor, the concentration of Pb, Cu & Cr increased by 542, 411 and 397% while accumulation increased by 101, 59 & 55% respectively in overall plant biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zaki Ul Zaman Asam
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Biology, Ecology and Evolution, University of Liege, Liege, Belgium
| | - Atif A Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Basmah M Alharbi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, 71491, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Sajid Rashid Ahmad
- College of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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25
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Rhaman MS, Imran S, Karim MM, Chakrobortty J, Mahamud MA, Sarker P, Tahjib-Ul-Arif M, Robin AHK, Ye W, Murata Y, Hasanuzzaman M. 5-aminolevulinic acid-mediated plant adaptive responses to abiotic stress. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2021; 40:1451-1469. [PMID: 33839877 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02690-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) modulates various defense systems in plants and confers abiotic stress tolerance. Enhancement of crop production is a challenge due to numerous abiotic stresses such as, salinity, drought, temperature, heavy metals, and UV. Plants often face one or more abiotic stresses in their life cycle because of the challenging growing environment which results in reduction of growth and yield. Diverse studies have been conducted to discern suitable mitigation strategies to enhance crop production by minimizing abiotic stress. Exogenous application of different plant growth regulators is a well-renowned approach to ameliorate adverse effects of abiotic stresses on crop plants. Among the numerous plant growth regulators, 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is a novel plant growth regulator, also well-known to alleviate the injurious effects of abiotic stresses in plants. ALA enhances abiotic stress tolerance as well as growth and yield by regulating photosynthetic and antioxidant machineries and nutrient uptake in plants. However, the regulatory roles of ALA in plants under different stresses have not been studied and assembled systematically. Also, ALA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms have not been fully elucidated yet. Therefore, this review discusses the role of ALA in crop growth enhancement as well as its ameliorative role in abiotic stress mitigation and also discusses the ALA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance mechanisms and its limitation and future promises for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Saidur Rhaman
- Department of Seed Science and Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Shahin Imran
- Department of Agronomy, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Masudul Karim
- Department of Crop Botany, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Jotirmoy Chakrobortty
- Department of Soil Science, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Asif Mahamud
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Khulna Agricultural University, Khulna, 9100, Bangladesh
| | - Prosenjit Sarker
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
- Department of Bio-Functional Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Arif Hasan Khan Robin
- Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Wenxiu Ye
- Department of Plant Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Department of Bio-Functional Chemistry, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Mirza Hasanuzzaman
- Department of Agronomy, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Sher-e-Bangla Nagar, Dhaka, 1207, Bangladesh.
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26
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Hussain MK, Aziz A, Ditta HMA, Azhar MF, El-Shehawi AM, Hussain S, Mehboob N, Hussain M, Farooq S. Foliar application of seed water extract of Nigella sativa improved maize growth in cadmium-contaminated soil. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0254602. [PMID: 34252121 PMCID: PMC8274843 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0254602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a widespread heavy metal, which commonly exert negative impacts on agricultural soils and living organisms. Foliar application of seed water extract of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) can mitigate the adverse impacts of Cd-toxicity in plants through its rich antioxidants. This study examined the role of seed water extracts of N. sativa (NSE) in mitigating the adverse impacts of Cd-toxicity on maize growth. Two maize genotypes (synthetic ‘Neelum’ and hybrid ‘P1543’) were grown under 0, 4, 8 and 12 mg Cd kg-1 soil. The NSE was applied at three different concentrations (i.e., 0, 10 and 20%) as foliar spray at 25 and 45 days after sowing. All Cd concentrations had no effect on germination percentage of both genotypes. Increasing Cd concentration linearly decreased root and allometric attributes, gas exchange traits and relative water contents of hybrid genotype. However, gas exchange traits of synthetic genotype remained unaffected by Cd-toxicity. Overall, hybrid genotype showed better tolerance to Cd-toxicity than synthetic genotype with better germination and allometric attributes and less Cd accumulation. Foliar application of NSE lowered negative effects of Cd-toxicity on all studied traits, except relative water contents. In conclusion, foliar application of NSE seemed a viable option to improve maize growth in Cd-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abida Aziz
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | | | - Ahmed M. El-Shehawi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Science, Taif University, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sajjad Hussain
- Department of Horticulture, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Noman Mehboob
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- * E-mail:
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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Citric Acid-Mediated Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137235. [PMID: 34281289 PMCID: PMC8268203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several recent studies have shown that citric acid/citrate (CA) can confer abiotic stress tolerance to plants. Exogenous CA application leads to improved growth and yield in crop plants under various abiotic stress conditions. Improved physiological outcomes are associated with higher photosynthetic rates, reduced reactive oxygen species, and better osmoregulation. Application of CA also induces antioxidant defense systems, promotes increased chlorophyll content, and affects secondary metabolism to limit plant growth restrictions under stress. In particular, CA has a major impact on relieving heavy metal stress by promoting precipitation, chelation, and sequestration of metal ions. This review summarizes the mechanisms that mediate CA-regulated changes in plants, primarily CA’s involvement in the control of physiological and molecular processes in plants under abiotic stress conditions. We also review genetic engineering strategies for CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance. Finally, we propose a model to explain how CA’s position in complex metabolic networks involving the biosynthesis of phytohormones, amino acids, signaling molecules, and other secondary metabolites could explain some of its abiotic stress-ameliorating properties. This review summarizes our current understanding of CA-mediated abiotic stress tolerance and highlights areas where additional research is needed.
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28
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Phytoextraction of Lead Using a Hedge Plant [Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson]: Physiological and Biochemical Alterations through Bioresource Management. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13095074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach that can be used for the remediation of metals in polluted soil. This study used a hedge plant–calico (Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson) to determine the role of citric acid in lead (Pb) phytoremediation by exposing it to different concentrations of Pb (0, 200, 500, and 1000 mg kg−1) as well as in a combination with citric acid concentration (0, 250, 500 µM). The analysis of variance was applied on results for significant effects of the independent variables on the dependent variables using SPSS (ver10). According to the results, maximum Pb concentration was measured in the upper parts of the plant. An increase in dry weight biomass, plant growth parameters, and photosynthetic contents was observed with the increase of Pb application (200 mg kg−1) in soil while a reduced growth was experienced at higher Pb concentration (1000 mg kg−1). The antioxidant enzymatic activities like superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) were enhanced under lower Pb concentration (200, 500 mg kg−1), whereas the reduction occurred at greater metal concentration Pb (1000 mg kg−1). There was a usual reduction in electrolyte leakage (EL) at lower Pb concentration (200, 500 mg kg−1), whereas EL increased at maximum Pb concentration (1000 mg kg−1). We concluded that this hedge plant, A. Bettzickiana, has the greater ability to remediate polluted soils aided with citric acid application.
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Combined Citric Acid and Glutathione Augments Lead (Pb) Stress Tolerance and Phytoremediation of Castorbean through Antioxidant Machinery and Pb Uptake. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13074073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is one of the most toxic elements on earth. The main origins of Pb pollution are automobiles, paint and electroplating industries. Pb-induced stress has very toxic effects on plant growth and biomass. The concentration of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in plant cells significantly increases under Pb stress, which interrupts the biochemical cycles in cells and leads to cell death. Therefore, it is essential to clean up the Pb-polluted soils. Among all techniques that are used to clean soil that is metal-contaminated, the best technique is phytoremediation. The present study intends to determine the role of citric acid (CA) and glutathione (GSH) in the phytoremediation of Pb by using castor bean plants. Plant biomass was significantly reduced due to Pb stress. Lead toxicity was also harmful to the photosynthetic pigments and antioxidant enzymes activities. In reverse, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2 concentration and electrolyte leakage (EL) were increased under Pb stress. The combined application of GSH and CA enhanced photosynthetic pigments, antioxidant enzyme activities and plant biomass and minimized MDA, H2O2 and EL under Pb stress. The amount of Pb in roots and leaves remarkably increased by the joint application of CA and GSH. The combined application of CA and GSH (5 mM + 25 mM, respectively) was proven to be beneficial compared to the control. From the present results, we can conclude that the combined application of CA and GSH promoted the phytoremediation of Pb and helped the host plant to combat Pb toxicity.
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30
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Allah Ditta HM, Aziz A, Hussain MK, Mehboob N, Hussain M, Farooq S, Azhar MF. Exogenous application of black cumin ( Nigella sativa) seed extract improves maize growth under chromium (Cr) stress. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2021; 23:1231-1243. [PMID: 33631090 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2021.1889965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Accumulation of non-essential heavy metals like chromium (Cr) is among major abiotic stresses, which adversely affect crop growth. Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is the most dangerous form negatively affecting the growth and productivity of crops. This study evaluated the role of black cumin extracts (BCE) in improving growth and productivity of maize genotypes under different concentrations of Cr(VI). Two maize genotypes ("Neelum" and "P1543") were grown under 0, 4, 8 and 12 mg Cr(VI) kg-1 concentrations. The BCE was applied as foliar spray at three concentrations (0, 10 and 20%) at 25 and 45 days after sowing. Increasing Cr(VI) concentration significantly (p < 0.05) reduced seed germination, root and allometric traits, gas exchange attributes and relative water contents of tested genotypes. Hybrid maize genotype better tolerated tested Cr(VI) concentrations than synthetic genotype with lower Cr accumulation and better allometric and gas exchange traits. Exogenous application of 20% BCE proved effective in lowering the adverse effects of Cr(VI) toxicity on maize genotypes. It is concluded that 20% BCE could be used to improve maize performance through better allometric and gas exchange traits under different Cr(VI) concentrations. Nonetheless, actual mechanisms involved in improved Cr(VI)-tolerance of maize with BCE application must be explored. Novelty statement Black cumin has been widely used to reduce Cr toxicity in animals. However, the role of black cumin in reducing Cr toxicity in plants has never been studied. The present study was conducted to infer the role of different concentrations of black cumin extract in improving the growth of synthetic and hybrid maize genotypes under different levels of Cr stress. It is concluded that black cumin extract could be used to lower Cr toxicity in maize grown under Cr-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abida Aziz
- Department of Botany, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | | | - Noman Mehboob
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Mubshar Hussain
- Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia
| | - Shahid Farooq
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Harran University, Şanlıurfa, Turkey
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Singh D, Sharma NL, Singh CK, Yerramilli V, Narayan R, Sarkar SK, Singh I. Chromium (VI)-Induced Alterations in Physio-Chemical Parameters, Yield, and Yield Characteristics in Two Cultivars of Mungbean ( Vigna radiata L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:735129. [PMID: 34659304 PMCID: PMC8516152 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.735129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) presently used in various major industries and its residues possess a potent environmental threat. Contamination of soil and water resources due to Cr ions and its toxicity has adversely affected plant growth and crop productivity. Here, deleterious effects of different levels of Cr (VI) treatments i.e., 0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 μM on two mungbean cultivars, Pusa Vishal (PV) and Pusa Ratna (PR), in hydroponic and pot conditions were evaluated. Germination, seedling growth, biomass production, antioxidant enzyme, electrolytic leakage, oxidative stress (hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde), and proline content were determined to evaluate the performance of both cultivars under hydroponic conditions for 15 days. The hydroponic results were further compared with the growth and seed yield attributes of both the genotypes in pot experiments performed over 2 years. Seedling growth, biomass production, total chlorophyll (Chl), Chl-a, Chl-b, nitrogen content, plant height, seed protein, and seed yield decreased significantly under the 120 μM Cr stress level. Activities of antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase and peroxidase increased in the leaves following Cr exposure at 60-90 μM but declined at 120 μM. Cr-induced reductions in growth and seed yield attributes were more in the sensitive than in the tolerant cultivar. Cr accumulation in the roots, stems, leaves, and seeds increased with an increase in Cr concentrations in the pot conditions. Furthermore, for both cultivars, there were significant negative correlations in morpho-physiological characteristics under high Cr concentrations. Overall results suggest that (PR) is more sensitive to Cr stress (PV) at the seedling stage and in pot conditions. Furthermore, (PV) can be utilized to study the mechanisms of Cr tolerance and in breeding programs to develop Cr-resistant varieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Singh
- Department of Botany, Meerut College, Meerut, India
- *Correspondence: Deepti Singh
| | | | - Chandan Kumar Singh
- Division of Genetics, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Vimala Yerramilli
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Rup Narayan
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
| | - Susheel Kumar Sarkar
- Division of Design of Experiments, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Statistics Research Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Ishwar Singh
- Department of Botany, Chaudhary Charan Singh University, Meerut, India
- Ishwar Singh
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Saleem MH, Fahad S, Adnan M, Ali M, Rana MS, Kamran M, Ali Q, Hashem IA, Bhantana P, Ali M, Hussain RM. Foliar application of gibberellic acid endorsed phytoextraction of copper and alleviates oxidative stress in jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) plant grown in highly copper-contaminated soil of China. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:37121-37133. [PMID: 32583108 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-09764-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) is an abundant essential micronutrient element in various rocks and minerals and is required for a variety of metabolic processes in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes. However, excess Cu can disturb normal development by adversely affecting biochemical reactions and physiological processes in plants. The present study was conducted to explore the potential of gibberellic acid (GA3) on fibrous jute (Corchorus capsularis L.) seedlings grown on Cu mining soil obtained from Hubei Province China. Exogenous application of GA3 (10, 50, and 100 mg/L) on 60-day-old seedlings of C. capsularis which was able to grow in highly Cu-contaminated soil (2221 mg/kg) to study different morphological, physiological, and Cu uptake and accumulation in different parts of C. capsularis seedlings. According to the results, increasing concentration of GA3 (more likely 100 mg/L) alleviates Cu toxicity in C. capsularis seedlings by increasing plant growth, biomass, photosynthetic pigments, and gaseous exchange attributes. The results also showed that exogenous application of GA3 reduced oxidative stress in C. capsularis seedlings by the generation of extra reactive oxygen species (ROS). The reduction in oxidative stress in C. capsularis seedlings is because that plant has strong enzymatic antioxidants [superoxidase dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), and catalase (CAT)], which ultimately increased their activities to overcome oxidative damage in the cells/tissues. In addition to the plant growth, biomass, and photosynthesis, foliar application of GA3 also helps to increase metal (Cu) concentration in different parts of the plants when compared to 0 mg/L of application of GA3. From these findings, we can conclude that foliar application of GA3 plays a promising role in reducing ROS generation in the plant cells/tissues and increased phytoextraction of Cu in different plant parts. However, more investigation is needed on field experiments to find a combination of GA3 with a very higher concentration of Cu using fibrous C. capsularis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Hamzah Saleem
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
| | - Shah Fahad
- MOA Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in the Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Adnan
- Department of Agriculture, University of Swabi, Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
| | - Mohsin Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Shoaib Rana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Microelements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Muhammad Kamran
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Qurban Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Inas A Hashem
- Lab of Agricultural Wastes Resource Utilization, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, People's Republic of China
- Department of Soils and Water Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Benha, Qalyubia, Arab Republic of Egypt
| | - Parashuram Bhantana
- Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Microelements Research Center, College of Resource and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Mubassir Ali
- Key laboratory of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Science & Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
| | - Reem M Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, People's Republic of China
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Amir W, Farid M, Ishaq HK, Farid S, Zubair M, Alharby HF, Bamagoos AA, Rizwan M, Raza N, Hakeem KR, Ali S. Accumulation potential and tolerance response of Typha latifolia L. under citric acid assisted phytoextraction of lead and mercury. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 257:127247. [PMID: 32534296 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Chelate-assisted phytoextraction by high biomass producing macrophyte plant Typha latifolia L. commonly known as cattail, is gaining much attention worldwide. The present study investigated the effects of Lead (Pb) and Mercury (Hg) on physiology and biochemistry of plant, Pb and Hg uptake in T. latifolia with and without citric acid (CA) amendment. The uniform seedlings of T. latifolia were treated with various concentrations in the hydroponics as: Pb and Hg (1, 2.5, 5 mM) each alone and/or with CA (5 mM). After four weeks of treatments, the results revealed that Pb and Hg significantly reduced the plant agronomic traits as compare to non-treated plants. The addition of CA improved the plant physiology and enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities to overcome Pb and Hg induced oxidative damage and electrolyte leakage. Our results depicted that Pb and Hg uptake and accumulation by T. latifolia was dose depend whereas, the addition of CA further increased the concentration and accumulation of Pb and Hg by up to 22 & 35% Pb and 72 & 40% Hg in roots, 25 & 26% Pb and 85 & 60% Hg in stems and 22 & 15 Pb and 100 & 58% Hg in leaves respectively compared to Pb and Hg treated only plants. On other hand, the root-shoot translocation factor was ≥1 and bioconcentration factor was also ≥2 for both Pb & Hg. The results also revealed that T. latifolia showed greater tolerance towards Hg and accumulated higher Hg in all parts compared with Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Waqas Amir
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Hesham F Alharby
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Atif A Bamagoos
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Nighat Raza
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Muhammad Nawaz Sharif University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan
| | - Khalid Rehman Hakeem
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Latif U, Farid M, Rizwan M, Ishaq HK, Farid S, Ali S, El-Sheikh MA, Alyemeni MN, Wijaya L. Physiological and Biochemical Response of Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson under Acetic Acid Assisted Phytoextraction of Lead. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9091084. [PMID: 32846952 PMCID: PMC7570330 DOI: 10.3390/plants9091084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metals (HMs) stress causes severe damage to physiology and biochemistry of plant species leading to stunted growth and low yield. Phytoremediation via phytoextraction, a viable low-cost and environment-friendly alternative to other techniques that are often too expensive, impractical and hazardous. However, phytoextraction potential, physiological and biochemical response of various plant species against HMs stress is not fully understood. Among other HMs, lead (Pb) is an inorganic pollutant with deleterious biotic effects. Bioavailability and mobility of the Pb can be enhanced by addition of organic acids. A pot scale experiment was done to assess the effects of Pb on Alternanthera bettzickiana (Regel) G. Nicholson and its ability to accumulate Pb with or without acetic acid (AA). The Results showed that Pb caused significant damage in A. bettzickiana, and its ecotoxicity was evident from increased levels of lipid peroxidation up to 107% under Pb stress. The significant decrease in plant height (32%), root length (21%), leaf area (38%) and number of leaves per plant (46%) was observed. On the other hand, application of AA to Pb stressed plants reduced the oxidative damage by further enhancing the activities of ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and catalases (CAT) up to 16% and 21% respectively. Moreover, addition of AA significantly improved plant total chlorophylls (15%) and carotenoids (50%). The application of AA also promoted Pb accumulation in leaf, stem and roots up to 70%, 65% and 66% respectively. This research concluded that AA has the ability to enhance the phytoextraction of Pb and support the plant growth and physiology under Pb stress condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urousa Latif
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (U.L.); (M.F.); (H.K.I.)
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (U.L.); (M.F.); (H.K.I.)
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat 50700, Pakistan; (U.L.); (M.F.); (H.K.I.)
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.R.); (S.F.)
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (M.R.); (S.F.)
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: or
| | - Mohamed A. El-Sheikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-S.); (M.N.A.); (L.W.)
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-S.); (M.N.A.); (L.W.)
| | - Leonard Wijaya
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.E.-S.); (M.N.A.); (L.W.)
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Iron–Lysine Mediated Alleviation of Chromium Toxicity in Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) Plants in Relation to Morpho-Physiological Traits and Iron Uptake When Irrigated with Tannery Wastewater. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12166690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) is among the most widespread toxic trace elements found in agricultural soils due to various anthropogenic activities. However, the role of micronutrient-amino chelates on reducing Cr toxicity in crop plants was recently introduced. In the current experiment, the exogenous application of micronutrients [iron (Fe)] chelated with amino acid [lysine (lys)] was examined, using an in vivo approach that involved plant growth and biomass, photosynthetic pigments and gaseous exchange parameters, oxidative stress indicators and antioxidant response. The uptake and accumulation of Fe and Cr were determined under different levels of tannery wastewater (33, 66, 100%) used along with the exogenous supplementation of Fe-lys (5 mM) to Spinacia oleracea plants. Results revealed that tannery wastewater in the soil decreased plant growth and growth-related attributes, photosynthetic apparatus and Fe contents in different parts of the plants. In contrast, the addition of different levels of tannery wastewater to the soil significantly increased the contents of malondialdehyde (MDA), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and electrolyte leakage (EL), which induced oxidative damage in the roots and leaves of S. oleracea plants. However, S. oleracea plants increased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), which scavenge the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cr toxicity can be overcome by the supplementation of Fe-lys, which significantly increased plant growth and biomass, improved photosynthetic machinery and increased the activities of different antioxidative enzymes, even in the plants grown under different levels of tannery wastewater in the soil. Furthermore, the supplementation of Fe-lys increased the contents of essential nutrients (Fe) and decreased the contents of Cr in all plant parts compared to the plants cultivated in tannery wastewater without application of Fe-lys. In conclusion, the application of Fe-lys is an innovative approach to mitigate Cr stress in spinach plants, which not only increased plant growth and biomass but also decreased the Cr contents in different plant organs.
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Khair KU, Farid M, Ashraf U, Zubair M, Rizwan M, Farid S, Ishaq HK, Iftikhar U, Ali S. Citric acid enhanced phytoextraction of nickel (Ni) and alleviate Mentha piperita (L.) from Ni-induced physiological and biochemical damages. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:27010-27022. [PMID: 32385815 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08978-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phytoremediation is considered one of the well-established and sustainable techniques for the removal of heavy metals and metalloids from contaminated sites. The metal extraction ability of the plants can be enhanced by using suitable organic materials in combination with metal-tolerant plants. This experiment was carried out to investigate the phytoextraction potential of Mentha piperita L. for nickel (Ni) with and without citric acid (CA) amendment in hydroponic experiment. The experiment was performed in controlled glass containers with continuous aeration in complete randomized design (CRD). Juvenile M. piperita plants were treated with different concentrations of Ni (100, 250, and 500 μM) alone and/or combined with CA (5 mM). After harvesting the plants, the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes as well as Ni concentrations in different tissues of M. piperita plants were measured. Results revealed that Ni stress significantly decreased the plant agronomic traits, photosynthesis in comparison to control. Nickel stress enhanced the antioxidant enzymes activities and caused the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in M. piperita. The CA treatment under Ni stress significantly improved the plant morpho-physiological and biochemical characteristics when compared with Ni treatments alone. The results demonstrated that CA enhanced the Ni concentrations in roots, stems, and leaves up to 138.2%, 54.2%, and 38%, respectively, compared to Ni-only-treated plants. The improvement in plant growth with CA under Ni stress indicated that CA is beneficial for Ni phytoextraction by using tolerant plant species. Graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kashaf Ul Khair
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, Punjab, 54770, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Usman Iftikhar
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.
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Qureshi FF, Ashraf MA, Rasheed R, Ali S, Hussain I, Ahmed A, Iqbal M. Organic chelates decrease phytotoxic effects and enhance chromium uptake by regulating chromium-speciation in castor bean (Ricinus communis L.). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 716:137061. [PMID: 32036143 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
There is limited information available on changes in the uptake of essential nutrients and secondary metabolites accumulation in castor bean under Cr toxicity. Besides, the role of organic chelates (EDTA and citric acid) mediated improvement in Cr uptake by castor bean is mostly unknown. Three independent experiments (sand, hydroponics, and soil) were executed to determine the Cr phytoextraction potential of Ricinus communis L. In the sand experiment, optimum doses of organic chelates (EDTA and citric acid) were selected. These optimum doses of chelates were used in the hydroponics and soil experiments. The results of hydroponics and soil experiments manifested a significant decrease in growth characteristics and leaf pigments in response to Cr stress applied as K2Cr2O7 (a source of Cr6+). The application of organic chelates (2.5 and 5 mM) showed a noticeable improvement in oxidative defense and secondary metabolites accumulation that might have decreased oxidative injury reflected as lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. Moreover, chelates improved the uptake of essential nutrients (K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Fe2+ and P) alongside significant enhancement in total Cr contents of plants. Our results advocated that chelates application resulted in greater endogenous levels of Cr3+ in plants compared with Cr6+ which is more toxic. In nutshell, organic chelates improved growth by regulating Cr species, ion homeostasis and secondary metabolites accumulation in Ricinus communis L.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freeha Fatima Qureshi
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arslan Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Rizwan Rasheed
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences & Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taiwan
| | - Iqbal Hussain
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
| | - Aftab Ahmed
- Institute of Home and Food Sciences Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
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Guarino F, Ruiz KB, Castiglione S, Cicatelli A, Biondi S. The combined effect of Cr(III) and NaCl determines changes in metal uptake, nutrient content, and gene expression in quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd.). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 193:110345. [PMID: 32092578 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.110345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many areas of the world are affected simultaneously by salinity and heavy metal pollution. Halophytes are considered as useful candidates in remediation of such soils due to their ability to withstand both osmotic stress and ion toxicity deriving from high salt concentrations. Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) is a halophyte with a high resistance to abiotic stresses (drought, salinity, frost), but its capacity to cope with heavy metals has not yet been fully investigated. In this pot experiment, we investigated phytoextraction capacity, effects on nutrient levels (P and Fe), and changes in gene expression in response to application of Cr(III) in quinoa plants grown on saline or non-saline soil. Plants were exposed for three weeks to 500 mg kg-1 soil of Cr(NO3)3·9H2O either in the presence or absence of 150 mM NaCl. Results show that plants were able tolerate this soil concentration of Cr(III); the metal was mainly accumulated in roots where it reached the highest concentration (ca. 2.6 mg g-1 DW) in the presence of NaCl. On saline soil, foliar Na concentration was significantly reduced by Cr(III). Phosphorus translocation to leaves was reduced in the presence of Cr(III), while Fe accumulation was enhanced by treatment with NaCl alone. A real-time RT-qPCR analysis was conducted on genes encoding for sulfate, iron, and phosphate transporters, a phytochelatin, a metallothionein, glutathione synthetase, a dehydrin, Hsp70, and enzymes responsible for the biosynthesis of proline (P5CS), glycine betaine (BADH), tocopherols (TAT), and phenolic compounds (PAL). Cr(III), and especially Cr(III)+NaCl, affected transcript levels of most of the investigated genes, indicating that tolerance to Cr is associated with changes in phosphorus and sulfur allocation, and activation of stress-protective molecules. Moderately saline conditions, in most cases, enhanced this response, suggesting that the halophytism of quinoa could contribute to prime the plants to respond to chromium stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Guarino
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Karina B Ruiz
- Departamento Agricultura del Desierto, Universidad Arturo Prat (UNAP), Iquique, Chile; Dipartimento di Science Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Castiglione
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy
| | - Angela Cicatelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Biologia "A. Zambelli", Università di Salerno, Fisciano, Salerno, Italy.
| | - Stefania Biondi
- Dipartimento di Science Biologiche, Geologiche e Ambientali, Università di Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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Effect of Citric Acid on Growth, Ecophysiology, Chloroplast Ultrastructure, and Phytoremediation Potential of Jute ( Corchorus capsularis L.) Seedlings Exposed to Copper Stress. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040592. [PMID: 32290389 PMCID: PMC7226093 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 04/04/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Soil and water contamination from heavy metals and metalloids is one of the most discussed and caused adverse effects on food safety and marketability, crop growth due to phytotoxicity, and environmental health of soil organisms. A hydroponic investigation was executed to evaluate the influence of citric acid (CA) on copper (Cu) phytoextraction potential of jute (Corchorus capsularis L.). Three-weeks-old seedlings of C. capsularis were exposed to different Cu concentrations (0, 50, and 100 μM) with or without the application of CA (2 mM) in a nutrient growth medium. The results revealed that exposure of various levels of Cu by 50 and 100 μM significantly (p < 0.05) reduced plant growth, biomass, chlorophyll contents, gaseous exchange attributes, and damaged ultra-structure of chloroplast in C. capsularis seedlings. Furthermore, Cu toxicity also enhanced the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) which indicated the Cu-induced oxidative damage in the leaves of C. capsularis seedlings. Increasing the level of Cu in the nutrient solution significantly increased Cu uptake by the roots and shoots of C. capsularis seedlings. The application of CA into the nutrient medium significantly alleviated Cu phytotoxicity effects on C. capsularis seedlings as seen by plant growth and biomass, chlorophyll contents, gaseous exchange attributes, and ultra-structure of chloroplast. Moreover, CA supplementation also alleviated Cu-induced oxidative stress by reducing the contents of MDA. In addition, application of CA is helpful in increasing phytoremediation potential of the plant by increasing Cu concentration in the roots and shoots of the plants which is manifested by increasing the values of bioaccumulation (BAF) and translocation factors (TF) also. These observations depicted that application of CA could be a useful approach to assist Cu phytoextraction and stress tolerance against Cu in C. capsularis seedlings grown in Cu contaminated sites.
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Farid M, Farid S, Zubair M, Rizwan M, Ishaq HK, Ali S, Ashraf U, Alhaithloul HAS, Gowayed S, Soliman MH. Efficacy of Zea mays L. for the management of marble effluent contaminated soil under citric acid amendment; morpho-physiological and biochemical response. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 240:124930. [PMID: 31574440 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.124930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The adverse industrial activities discharged contaminated wastewater directly into the water bodies that contain toxic substances such as heavy metals. The contours use of marble industrial effluents may affect the fertility of soil and crop growth. The present study was conducted to investigate the toxic effects of marble industrial effluents (M.E) on Zea mays L under the exogenous application of citric acid (CA) with different combinations such as marble industrial effluent (0, 30%, 60%, 100%) diluted with distilled water and CA (10 mM). The results showed significant decrease in the growth of Zea mays with increasing concentration of marble industrial effluent. The maximum reduction in plant height, root length, number of leaves, leaf area and fresh and dry biomass was observed at the application of 100% M.E as compared to control. Similar to growth conditions the photosynthetic machinery and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (Superoxide dismutase (SOD), Peroxidases (POD), Catalases (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX)) was also decreased with increasing concentration of M.E. The application of CA significantly alleviated the M.E induced toxic effect on Zea mays and ameliorated the growth, biomass, photosynthesis and antioxidant enzymes activities by reducing the production of reactive oxygen species. The C.A application also enhanced the heavy metal content such as chromium (Cr), cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) in different parts of Zea mays. The results concluded that the Zea mays tolerant varieties can be a potential candidate for the M.E irrigated soil and might be suitable for the phyto-extraction of Cr, Cd and Zn.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mujahid Farid
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sheharyaar Farid
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zubair
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz Khuzama Ishaq
- Department of Environmental Science, University of Gujrat, Hafiz Hayat Campus, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan; Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taiwan.
| | - Umair Ashraf
- Department of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore, 54770, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Salah Gowayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt; Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona H Soliman
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al-Sharm, Yanbu El-Bahr, Yanbu, 46429, Saudi Arabia; Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, 12613, Egypt
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Mallhi ZI, Rizwan M, Mansha A, Ali Q, Asim S, Ali S, Hussain A, Alrokayan SH, Khan HA, Alam P, Ahmad P. Citric Acid Enhances Plant Growth, Photosynthesis, and Phytoextraction of Lead by Alleviating the Oxidative Stress in Castor Beans. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:plants8110525. [PMID: 31752443 PMCID: PMC6918418 DOI: 10.3390/plants8110525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) toxicity has a great impact in terms of toxicity towards living organisms as it severely affects crop growth, yield, and food security; thus, warranting appropriate measures for the remediation of Pb polluted soils. Phytoextraction of heavy metals (HMs) using tolerant plants along with organic chelators has gained global attention. Thus, this study examines the possible influence of citric acid (CA) on unveiling the potential phytoextraction of Pb by using castor beans. For this purpose, different levels of Pb (0, 300, 600 mg kg-1 of soil) and CA (0, 2.5, and 5 mM) were supplied alone and in all possible combinations. The results indicate that elevated levels of Pb (especially 600 mg kg-1 soil) induce oxidative stress, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malanodialdehyde (MDA) production in plants. The Pb stress reduces the photosynthetic traits (chlorophyll and gas exchange parameters) in the tissues of plants (leaves and roots), which ultimately lead to a reduction in growth as well as biomass. Enzyme activities such as guaiacol peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate peroxidase, and catalase are also linearly increased in a dose-dependent manner under Pb stress. The exogenous application of CA reduced the Pb toxicity in plants by improving photosynthesis and, ultimately, plant growth. The upsurge in antioxidants against oxidative stress shows the potential of CA-treated castor beans plants to counteract stress injuries by lowering H2O2 and MDA levels. From the results of this study, it can be concluded that CA treatments play a promising role in increasing the uptake of Pb and reducing its phytotoxicity. These outcomes recommend that CA application could be an effective approach for the phytoextraction of Pb from polluted soils by growing castor beans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Imran Mallhi
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (A.M.); or (S.A.)
| | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Sadia Asim
- Department of Chemistry, Government College Women University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan;
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
- Department of Biological Sciences and Technology, China Medical University (CMU), Taichung City 40402, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (A.M.); or (S.A.)
| | - Afzal Hussain
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (Z.I.M.); (M.R.); (A.H.)
| | - Salman H. Alrokayan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (H.A.K.)
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.H.A.); (H.A.K.)
| | - Pravej Alam
- Biology Department, College of Science and Humanities, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University (PSAU), Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
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El-Amier Y, Elhindi K, El-Hendawy S, Al-Rashed S, Abd-ElGawad A. Antioxidant System and Biomolecules Alteration in Pisum sativum under Heavy Metal Stress and Possible Alleviation by 5-Aminolevulinic Acid. Molecules 2019; 24:E4194. [PMID: 31752309 PMCID: PMC6891517 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Environmental pollution is the most serious problem that affects crop productivity worldwide. Pisum sativum is a leguminous plant that is cultivated on a large scale in the Nile Delta of Egypt as a winter crop, and many of the cultivated fields irrigated with drainage water that contained many pollutants including heavy metals. The present research aimed to investigate the impact of Cd and Ni on the biochemical and physiological processes in P. sativum and evaluate the potential alleviation of their toxicity by 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Seedlings of P. sativum were grown in Hoagland solution treated with CdCl2 or NiCl2 for 72 h in the growth chamber. Hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, proline, phenolics, antioxidant enzymes, as well as Cd and Ni concentrations were measured at 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72 h. An experiment of alleviation was conducted where ALA was added to the growth solution at a concentration of 200 µM coupled with 100 µM of either CdCl2 or NiCl2. Hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, reduced glutathione, oxidized glutathione, proline, and phenolics were induced due to the toxicity of Cd and Ni. The activities of antioxidant enzymes [NADH-oxidase (EC: 1.6.3.1), ascorbate peroxidase (EC: 1.11.1.11), glutathione reductase (EC: 1.6.4.2), superoxide dismutase (EC: 1.15.1.1), and catalase (EC: 1.11.1.6)] were induced under the treatments of both metals. On the other hand, the soluble protein decreased gradually depending upon the time of exposure to the heavy metals. The concentration of Cd and Ni in the leaves treated plants increased in time of exposure dependent manner, while their contents remained within the acceptable limits. The addition of ALA decreased the oxidative stress in treated P. sativum plants. The results revealed the significance of using ALA in the cultivation of P. sativum might improve its tolerance against heavy metal stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser El-Amier
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Khalid Elhindi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.E.); (S.E.-H.)
- Vegetable and Floriculture Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Salah El-Hendawy
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.E.); (S.E.-H.)
| | - Sarah Al-Rashed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Ahmed Abd-ElGawad
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
- Plant Production Department, College of Food & Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (K.E.); (S.E.-H.)
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Zaheer IE, Ali S, Rizwan M, Bareen FE, Abbas Z, Bukhari SAH, Wijaya L, Alyemeni MN, Ahmad P. Zinc-lysine prevents chromium-induced morphological, photosynthetic, and oxidative alterations in spinach irrigated with tannery wastewater. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 26:28951-28961. [PMID: 31385255 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-019-06084-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Anthropogenic activities have resulted in severe environmental degradation. Untreated wastewater from tanneries is hazardous to all kinds of life on earth. Effluent from tanning industries, containing large amount of Cr, is used to irrigate the crops in Pakistan. The current experiment was carried out to study the effects of tannery wastewater on spinach and the role of lysine-Zn in mitigating the severity of stress. The plants were grown in soil and the following treatments were used: irrigation with 0%, 33%, 66%, and 100% wastewater (ww) along with two doses (0 mM, 10 mM) of Zn-lysine. Foliar application of zinc-lysine enhanced the plant growth, biomass, Zn contents, photosynthesis, and enzyme activities in different tissues of plant. Zinc-lysine (10 mM) considerably decreased the Cr content in roots and shoots, along with ameliorating the oxidative stress by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes in plants. Addition of Zn-lys (10 mM) improved the plant height by 19%, root length by 57%, leaf dry weight by 19%, and root dry weight by33% under 100% Cr treatment. Zn-lys significantly reduces the oxidative stress and concentration of Cr as compared with the Cr treatments alone. Application of Zn-lys (10 mM) reduced the Cr contents in roots by 27 and 22 under 33 and 66% Cr treatment, respectively. Taken together, Zn-lys chelates efficiently ameliorated the toxic effects of chromium. Zn-lysine has the extravagant potential of mitigating the heavy metal toxicity without harming the normal growth and development of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Shafaqat Ali
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Firdaus-E- Bareen
- Department of Botany, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Zohaib Abbas
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | | | - Leonard Wijaya
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Nasser Alyemeni
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Botany, S.P. College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Yu G, Liu J, Long Y, Chen Z, Sunahara GI, Jiang P, You S, Lin H, Xiao H. Phytoextraction of cadmium-contaminated soils: comparison of plant species and low molecular weight organic acids. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2019; 22:383-391. [PMID: 31522543 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2019.1663488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To select suitable plants for phytoextraction of Cd-contaminated soils, we evaluated the phytoextraction potential of five local Cd-accumulators: Amaranthus hypochondriacus L., Solanum nigrum L., Phytolacca acinosa Roxb., Celosia argentea L., and Sedum spectabile Boreau. The plants were grown in three naturally contaminated soils with different total Cd levels (1.57, 3.89, and 22.4 mg kg-1). Throughout the experimental period, no plants showed any visible symptoms of metal toxicity. The Cd uptake of C. argentea was the greatest in the S-YS soil (105 μg plant-1) and among the greatest in the S-HC soil and S-TJ soil. Besides, C. argentea exhibited the highest bioconcentration factor (12.3) in three soils. To improve the phytoextraction efficiency of C. argentea, we applied four low molecular weight organic acids (LMWOAs): tartaric acid, malic acid, oxalic acid, and citric acid. Malic acid was more effective in enhancing Cd uptake by C. argentea than the other LMWOAs. Therefore, C. argentea may be a potential choice in actual remediation projects. Moreover, application of malic acid is an effective way to increase the phytoextraction efficiency of C. argentea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo Yu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Jie Liu
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Yumei Long
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Zhe Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Geoffrey I Sunahara
- Department of Natural Resource Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Pingping Jiang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Shaohong You
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Hua Lin
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology for Science and Education Combined with Science and Technology Innovation Base, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - He Xiao
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Theory and Technology, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
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