Gershon AA, Brooks D, Stevenson DD, Chin WK, Oldstone MBA, Gershon MD. High Constitutive Interleukin 10 Level Interferes With the Immune Response to Varicella-Zoster Virus in Elderly Recipients of Live Attenuated Zoster Vaccine.
J Infect Dis 2020;
219:1338-1346. [PMID:
30445431 DOI:
10.1093/infdis/jiy660]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION
Live attenuated zoster vaccine (Zostavax) was used to test the hypothesis that constitutive level of interleukin 10 (IL-10), which may be high in elderly subjects, impairs vaccine efficacy. If constitutive IL-10 impairs vaccine efficacy, the effectiveness of viral vaccines might be improved by transient inhibition of IL-10 before vaccination.
METHODS
Zostavax was given to 26 patients (age, 60-80 years). IL-10 and immunity to varicella zoster virus (VZV) were measured at baseline and after vaccination. Fluorescent antibody to membrane antigen (FAMA) assays and glycoprotein enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (gpELISAs) were used to assess humoral immunity; anti-varicella virus T-cell responses were studied in a subset of subjects. In a prospective animal model, T-cell responses to chimeric vaccines against lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) were assessed in mice that express or lack IL-10.
RESULTS
FAMA assays revealed significant boosting (by 4-fold) of humoral immunity, which occurred only in subjects (10 of 26) with a low constitutive IL-10 level (ie, <20 pg/mL); moreover, the Zostavax-induced FAMA and gpELISA responses were inversely related to the constitutive IL-10 level. Significant VZV-specific T-cell responses followed vaccination only in subjects with a low constitutive IL-10 level. Vaccine-induced LCMV-specific T-cell responses in mice lacking IL-10 were greater than in wild-type animals.
CONCLUSIONS
A high constitutive IL-10 level adversely affects vaccine efficacy.
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