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Napoleon JS, Weva VK, Evans DW, Namdari R, Francois T, Sherman J, Morisseau N, Lafontant E, Atkinson K, Miller S, Kidd SA, Burack JA. Rethinking narratives about youth experiencing homelessness: The influence of self-determined motivation and peer relations on coping. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2024; 52:382-398. [PMID: 38031717 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.23100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Using the cognitive appraisal theory of coping and the self-determination theory of motivation, we examined the shared variance of motivational orientations, attachment relationships, and gender on adaptive and maladaptive coping among youth experiencing homelessness. Several scales including The Global Motivation Scale (assessing motivational orientations; i.e., autonomous and controlled motivation), the Brief Cope (adaptive and maladaptive coping strategies), and the Inventory of Parent and Peer Attachment (self-perceptions of relationships with mothers, fathers, and peers) were administered to 102 youth aged between 16 and 24 (Mage = 20, SD = 2.07) years recruited from an evening program for youth experiencing homelessness in Montreal, Canada. Autonomous motivation was positively associated with engagement in effective coping strategies, while controlled motivation was positively linked to maladaptive coping. Moderation analyses were used to examine whether gender and relationships with attachment figures moderated the relationship between motivation and coping. A significant main effect of peer attachment on adaptive coping emerged, in which greater peer attachment was related to more adaptive coping among the youth. No interaction effects resulted. Although no significant moderating effects were associated with essential relationships and gender, further research implementing a more nuanced approach to assessing the interaction between these constructs may be warranted. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of intervention programs for youth experiencing homelessness, that focus on enhancing autonomous motivation and utilizing peer support to optimize the use of adaptive coping strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Vanessa K Weva
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - David W Evans
- Neuroscience Program, Bucknell University, Lewisburg, Pennsylvania and Clare Hall College, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Reyhane Namdari
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | | | | | | | - Kristi Atkinson
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sydney Miller
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Sean A Kidd
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jacob A Burack
- Department of Educational & Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Armoon B, L'Espérance N, Fleury MJ. Variables Associated with Quality of Life Among Individuals Living in Permanent Supportive Housing. Community Ment Health J 2024; 60:259-271. [PMID: 37462796 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-023-01167-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
This study identified individual sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and service use patterns associated with quality of life (QoL) among 308 individuals living in permanent supportive housing (PSH) in Québec (Canada). Data were collected between 2020 and 2022, and linear multivariate analyses produced. Results demonstrated that better individual psychosocial conditions were positively associated with higher QoL. As well, living in PSH located in good neighborhoods for at least 5 years, higher self-esteem and community integration were positively associated with greater QoL. Met needs, satisfaction with housing support services, and no use of acute care were also linked with positive QoL. Comprehensive efforts to improve treatment for mental health disabilities responsive to the needs of PSH residents, and sustained long-term housing may reinforce QoL. Encouraging active participation in community-based activities, incorporating biophilic design into the neighborhoods around PSH, and promoting satisfaction with care may also enhance QoL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Armoon
- Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Nadia L'Espérance
- Centre Intégré Universitaire de Santé et de Services Sociaux de la Mauricie-et-du-Centre-du-Québec, Trois-Rivières, Québec, Canada
| | - Marie-Josée Fleury
- Research Centre, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, 6875 LaSalle Boulevard, Montréal, QC, H4H 1R3, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
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Malekmohammadi N, Mehmandoost S, Khezri M, Mirzaei H, Tavakoli F, Mousavian G, Safizadeh M, Iranpour A, Sharifi H. Correlates of quality of life and mental health among youth experiencing homelessness in Iran. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:110. [PMID: 37055852 PMCID: PMC10103456 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01145-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Quality of life (QOL) and mental health among marginalized populations, including people experiencing homelessness in Iran, are understudied. We assessed the QOL and mental health status as well as their associated factors among youth experiencing homelessness in Kerman, Iran. METHOD We recruited 202 participants using a convenience sampling method from 11 locations, including six homeless shelters, three street outreach sites, and two drop-in service centers, from September to December 2017. Data were collected using a standardized questionnaire that included QOL, mental health, demographics, drug use, and sexual behaviors questions. Scores in each domain were indexed with a weight of 0-100. The higher score indicated a higher QOL and mental health status. Bivariable and multivariable linear regression models were performed to examine correlates of QOL and mental health. RESULT The mean (SD) score of QOL and mental health were 73.1 (25.8) and 65.1 (22.3), respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that youth experiencing homelessness who were aged 25-29 years old (β = -5.4; 95% CI: -10.51; -0.30), and lived on the streets (β = -12.1; 95% CI: -18.19; -6.07) had a lower mental health score. Moreover, those who had higher education (β = 5.4; 95% CI: 0.58; 10.38), had no history of carrying weapons (β = 12.8; 95% CI: 6.86; 18.76), and had a higher QOL score (β = 0.41; 95% CI: 0.31; 0.50) had a higher mental health score. CONCLUSION This study highlights that QOL and mental health among youth experiencing homelessness in Iran are concerning, particularly among those who were older, were less educated, were living on the street, and had a history of carrying a weapon. Community-based programs, including mental health care and affordable housing are needed to improve QOL and mental health among this population in Iran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neda Malekmohammadi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Soheil Mehmandoost
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khezri
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Department of Epidemiology, New York University School of Global Public Health, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Hossein Mirzaei
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Tavakoli
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Ghazal Mousavian
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Mansureh Safizadeh
- Department of Population and Family Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Abedin Iranpour
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Hamid Sharifi
- HIV/STI Surveillance Research Center, WHO Collaborating Center for HIV Surveillance, Institute for Futures Studies in Health, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Duncan AR, Bell SB, Salvatore AL, Hellman CM. Psychosocial factors associated with dispositional hope, agency thinking, and pathways thinking in a homeless adult population. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:3196-3209. [PMID: 35233793 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Adults facing homelessness often perceive themselves to be at the bottom of society, which has implications for their current and future well-being. Snyder's hope theory, which posits that agency thinking and pathways thinking are necessary for achieving a hopeful outlook on life, may be helpful for understanding drivers of well-being among individuals experiencing homelessness. In this study, we examined dispositional hope, perceived goal attainment, social support, and perceived standing in society among 123 adults experiencing homelessness who were attending a support group at a daytime drop-in center in the United States. Participants completed self-report measures related to the aforementioned variables of interest. We discovered that higher levels of self-reported goal attainment, independent of the type of goal identified, were significantly associated with total hope and both its subscales, that social support was significantly associated with total hope and pathways thinking, and that perceived standing in society was significantly associated with total hope and agency thinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashten R Duncan
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA
| | | | - Alicia L Salvatore
- Institute for Research on Equity and Community Health, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
- Department of Human Development and Family Sciences, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Chan M Hellman
- Anne & Henry Zarrow School of Social Work, University of Oklahoma-Tulsa, Tulsa, Oklahoma, USA
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Straka K, Blacketer AR, Martinez RL, Glover A, Winiarski DA, Karnik NS, Schueller SM, Zalta AK. Rates and correlates of well-being among youth experiencing homelessness. JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY PSYCHOLOGY 2022; 50:3746-3759. [PMID: 35460583 PMCID: PMC9464689 DOI: 10.1002/jcop.22869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mental health concerns have been well studied among youth experiencing homelessness, yet few studies have explored factors that contribute to well-being in this population. The current cross-sectional study examined rates and correlates of well-being among youth experiencing homelessness. This is a descriptive, secondary analysis of the baseline data from a clinical intervention study. Ninety-nine youth (aged 16-25) who were experiencing homelessness were recruited in Chicago. Approximately 40% of the sample reported average or above average well-being relative to existing benchmarks. Having medical insurance, a mobile phone, and a history of more severe childhood trauma were unique cross-sectional predictors of worse well-being (all ps < 0.034). A significant portion of our sample experienced well-being. Having access to certain resources may be counterintuitive indicators of poorer well-being among youth experiencing homelessness, perhaps because they are indicators of greater need or increased social comparison among these youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelci Straka
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Alexis R. Blacketer
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Ramona L. Martinez
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychology, University of California, Riverside, Riverside, CA, USA
| | - Angela Glover
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Dominika A. Winiarski
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Niranjan S. Karnik
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Stephen M. Schueller
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Alyson K. Zalta
- Department of Psychological Science, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, USA
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
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Patterns of Quality of Life and Perceived Satisfaction in Adults and Elderly in Spain: Daily Practices, Life Experiences and Psychological Profiles. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14116905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
A study was carried out with the purpose of determining the day-to-day practices, positive and stressful life experiences, and psychological profiles that underpin different perceptions of quality of life and perceived satisfaction. A total of 1095 adults and elderly people from Spain participated in the study. An online instrument designed using the tool Google Forms was administered to them. Descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed using the general linear model (GLM). Three types of finding were obtained. First, we identified everyday practices that promote perceived quality of life and perceived satisfaction. Second, we established the relationship between certain positive and stressful life experiences, their consequences, and different perceptions of quality of life and perceived satisfaction. Finally, we identified the distinguishing psychological profiles associated with these constructs. The results obtained here can contribute to the development of more successful psychological and social interventions. They reveal a set of indicators that, based on empirical evidence, should be part of any intervention design.
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7
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Siblings’ Role Positions and Perceptions of Mental Illness. CONTEMPORARY FAMILY THERAPY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10591-022-09637-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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8
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Gadermann AM, Hubley AM, Russell LB, Thomson KC, Norena M, Rossa-Roccor V, Hwang SW, Aubry T, Karim ME, Farrell S, Palepu A. Understanding subjective quality of life in homeless and vulnerably housed individuals: The role of housing, health, substance use, and social support. SSM - MENTAL HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmmh.2021.100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Phipps M, Dalton L, Maxwell H, Cleary M. Combining Self-Determination Theory and Photo-Elicitation to Understand the Experiences of Homeless Women. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2021; 42:164-171. [PMID: 32749909 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2020.1789785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Homelessness is a complex and gendered experience. To understand this complexity, novel theoretical frameworks and appropriate research methods are required. Most women living without homes have experienced some form of abuse or mental health issues before becoming, being or exiting homelessness and there is high prevalence of trauma in this vulnerable population. Researchers investigating women's homelessness need to ensure the research process is not retraumatising. This paper proposes a theoretical framework that combines self-determination theory (SDT) and photo-elicitation to support and guide research conducted with women who are at risk of negative effects of power imbalances and retraumatisation in research. The framework offers new opportunities to sensitively study women's homelessness by leveraging a strengths-based premise and empowering procedures to increase women's control in the research process. Embedding this method within the SDT research framework repositions women from objects of research to being competent, autonomous, active and empowered agents in the research process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monique Phipps
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Lisa Dalton
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Hazel Maxwell
- School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Cleary
- School of Nursing, University of Tasmania, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Charry C, Goig R, Martínez I. Psychological Well-Being and Youth Autonomy: Comparative Analysis of Spain and Colombia. Front Psychol 2020; 11:564232. [PMID: 33101134 PMCID: PMC7545337 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.564232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The construct of autonomy appears in literature associated with individual psychological wellbeing. In Ryff’s model, autonomy is presented as one of the dimensions of wellbeing, along with self-acceptance, positive relationships with others, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. The present study compared the levels of autonomy and psychological wellbeing between Spanish and Colombian young people. Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Wellbeing and the Transition to Adulthood Autonomy (EDATVA) scales were used on a sample of 1,146 young people aged between 16 and 21; 506 Spaniards and 640 Colombians. Results showed differences in autonomy and in two of the four dimensions proposed by the EDATVA: self-organization and critical thinking. Similarly, important differences were observed in the subscales of positive relations and purpose in life. The importance of contextual factors in the development of psychological well-being and autonomy in young people in transition to adulthood is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Charry
- Department of Psychology, Santo Tomás University, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Rosa Goig
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Martínez
- Department of Research Methods and Diagnosis in Education, National University of Distance Education (UNED), Madrid, Spain
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Shan L, Manzione LC, Azagba S. Psychological well-being and dual-use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes among high school students in Canada. J Affect Disord 2020; 265:357-363. [PMID: 32090760 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.01.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette and e-cigarette use are prevalent among Canadian adolescents. Evidence shows psychiatric comorbidity with adolescent cigarette smoking, but little is known about psychological well-being among dual users of e-cigarettes and cigarettes. This study examined the association between dual-use status and psychological well-being among high school students. METHODS We used the 2016-2017 Canadian Student Tobacco, Alcohol, and Drugs Survey. Scales of psychological well-being (relatedness, autonomy, competency, prosocial behavior, and social responsiveness) were derived from self-reported data. Dual-use status was categorized into non-users, cigarette-only smokers, e-cigarette-only users, and four types of dual-users. Multivariable linear regression models examined the association between dual-use and psychological well-being. RESULTS Among the participants, 6.3% were current dual-users, 4.1% were cigarette-only smokers, 12.6% were e-cigarette-only users, and 77.0% were non-users. Compared to non-users, relatedness and social responsiveness were lower for all users. When compared to e-cigarette users, most other users had lower relatedness (high-frequency dual-users [β=-6.05], high-frequency cigarette dual-users [β=-2.27], high-frequency e-cigarette dual-users: [β=-1.32], low-frequency dual-users [β=-1.91], and cigarette-only smokers [β=-1.66]) and social responsiveness. High-frequency dual-users had lower scores for relatedness and social responsiveness, while high-frequency cigarette dual-users had higher autonomy, compared to low-frequency dual-users. CONCLUSION Dual-users had poorer psychological well-being, which differed among dual-user sub-groups. This study highlights an opportunity for specialized programs to promote psychological well-being and reduce tobacco product use among adolescents. LIMITATIONS The study is based on respondent self-report, and the use of cross-sectional data precludes us from determining the temporal order between dual-use and psychological well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingpeng Shan
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, University of Utah School of Medicine 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Lauren C Manzione
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, University of Utah School of Medicine 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA
| | - Sunday Azagba
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, Division of Public Health, University of Utah School of Medicine 375 Chipeta Way, Suite A, Salt Lake City, UT 84108, USA.
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12
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Walker CM. Developing workreadiness; a Glasgow housing association sports-based intervention. MANAGING SPORT AND LEISURE 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/23750472.2019.1580604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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13
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Alimbayeva R, Baimukanova M, Sabirova R, Karipbaev B, Tamabayeva M. Psychological peculiarities of the professional self-determination of social orphans in senior adolescence. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE AND YOUTH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2018.1433694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Roza Alimbayeva
- Department of Psychology, Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Marzhangul Baimukanova
- Department of Social Work and Social Pedagogy, Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Raikhan Sabirova
- Department of Psychology, Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Baizhol Karipbaev
- Department of Philosophy and Theory of Culture, Karaganda State University named after E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
| | - Mendigul Tamabayeva
- Department of Defectology and Social Work, Central Kazakhstan Academy, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
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14
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van der Laan J, van Straaten B, Boersma SN, Rodenburg G, van de Mheen D, Wolf JRLM. Predicting homeless people's perceived health after entering the social relief system in The Netherlands. Int J Public Health 2017; 63:203-211. [PMID: 28821908 PMCID: PMC5829105 DOI: 10.1007/s00038-017-1026-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2017] [Revised: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 07/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We explored whether changes in the perceived health of homeless people after entering the social relief system (SRS) in The Netherlands were predicted by housing, income, hours of work, social support, unmet care needs, arrests, physical and mental health, substance use, and experiences of autonomy, competence and relatedness, in addition to perceived health at baseline, demographics, suspected intellectual disability, the duration of homelessness and the company of children in the shelter facility. Methods A hierarchical regression analysis was used to explore the significant predictors of the perceived health of 344 homeless persons 18 months after entering the social relief system. Results A decrease in psychological distress and an increase in hours of (paid/voluntary) work as well as competence predicted a better perceived health. Conclusions Perceived health is not only influenced by objective circumstances related to work and mental health, but also self-determination, as shown by the influence of competence. Services should aim to reduce psychological distress of homeless people, support them in increasing their working hours and focus on strengthening their competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorien van der Laan
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Impuls - Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.,Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Barbara van Straaten
- Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra N Boersma
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Impuls - Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Gerda Rodenburg
- Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dike van de Mheen
- Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,IVO Addiction Research Institute, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Tilburg University, Scientific Centre for Care and Welfare (Tranzo), Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Judith R L M Wolf
- Department of Primary and Community Care, Radboud University Medical Center, Impuls - Netherlands Center for Social Care Research, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
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