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Li J, Jordana L, Mehsen H, Wang X, Archambault V. Nuclear reassembly defects after mitosis trigger apoptotic and p53-dependent safeguard mechanisms in Drosophila. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002780. [PMID: 39186808 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In animals, mitosis involves the breakdown of the nuclear envelope and the sorting of individualized, condensed chromosomes. During mitotic exit, emerging nuclei reassemble a nuclear envelope around a single mass of interconnecting chromosomes. The molecular mechanisms of nuclear reassembly are incompletely understood. Moreover, the cellular and physiological consequences of defects in this process are largely unexplored. Here, we have characterized a mechanism essential for nuclear reassembly in Drosophila. We show that Ankle2 promotes the PP2A-dependent recruitment of BAF and Lamin at reassembling nuclei, and that failures in this mechanism result in severe nuclear defects after mitosis. We then took advantage of perturbations in this mechanism to investigate the physiological responses to nuclear reassembly defects during tissue development in vivo. Partial depletion of Ankle2, BAF, or Lamin in imaginal wing discs results in wing development defects accompanied by apoptosis. We found that blocking apoptosis strongly enhances developmental defects. Blocking p53 does not prevent apoptosis but enhances defects due to the loss of a cell cycle checkpoint. Our results suggest that apoptotic and p53-dependent responses play a crucial role in safeguarding tissue development in response to sporadic nuclear reassembly defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjing Li
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Laia Jordana
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Haytham Mehsen
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Xinyue Wang
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Vincent Archambault
- Institute for Research in Immunology and Cancer, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
- Département de biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
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Forbes M, Kempa R, Mastrobuoni G, Rayman L, Pietzke M, Bayram S, Arlt B, Spruessel A, Deubzer HE, Kempa S. L-Glyceraldehyde Inhibits Neuroblastoma Cell Growth via a Multi-Modal Mechanism on Metabolism and Signaling. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1664. [PMID: 38730615 PMCID: PMC11083149 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glyceraldehyde (GA) is a three-carbon monosaccharide that can be present in cells as a by-product of fructose metabolism. Bruno Mendel and Otto Warburg showed that the application of GA to cancer cells inhibits glycolysis and their growth. However, the molecular mechanism by which this occurred was not clarified. We describe a novel multi-modal mechanism by which the L-isomer of GA (L-GA) inhibits neuroblastoma cell growth. L-GA induces significant changes in the metabolic profile, promotes oxidative stress and hinders nucleotide biosynthesis. GC-MS and 13C-labeling was employed to measure the flow of carbon through glycolytic intermediates under L-GA treatment. It was found that L-GA is a potent inhibitor of glycolysis due to its proposed targeting of NAD(H)-dependent reactions. This results in growth inhibition, apoptosis and a redox crisis in neuroblastoma cells. It was confirmed that the redox mechanisms were modulated via L-GA by proteomic analysis. Analysis of nucleotide pools in L-GA-treated cells depicted a previously unreported observation, in which nucleotide biosynthesis is significantly inhibited. The inhibitory action of L-GA was partially relieved with the co-application of the antioxidant N-acetyl-cysteine. We present novel evidence for a simple sugar that inhibits cancer cell proliferation via dysregulating its fragile homeostatic environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Forbes
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Richard Kempa
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Guido Mastrobuoni
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Liam Rayman
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Pietzke
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, MaxPlanck Institute for Molecular Genetics, Ihnestrasse 63-73, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Safak Bayram
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
| | - Birte Arlt
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strase 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Spruessel
- Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strase 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Hedwig E. Deubzer
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Charité—Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany
- Berliner Institut für Gesundheitsforschung (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Strase 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Berlin, Invalidenstr. 80, 10115 Berlin, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC), Charité and Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Stefan Kempa
- Integrative Proteomics and Metabolomics, Berlin Institute for Medical Systems Biology, Max-Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Hannoversche Str. 28, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Seo BJ, Na SB, Choi J, Ahn B, Habib O, Park C, Hong K, Do JT. Metabolic and cell cycle shift induced by the deletion of Dnm1l attenuates the dissolution of pluripotency in mouse embryonic stem cells. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:302. [PMID: 37747543 PMCID: PMC11073397 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04962-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are versatile organelles that continuously change their morphology via fission and fusion. However, the detailed functions of mitochondrial dynamics-related genes in pluripotent stem cells remain largely unclear. Here, we aimed to determine the effects on energy metabolism and differentiation ability of mouse embryonic stem cells (ESCs) following deletion of the mitochondrial fission-related gene Dnml1. Resultant Dnm1l-/- ESCs maintained major pluripotency characteristics. However, Dnm1l-/- ESCs showed several phenotypic changes, including the inhibition of differentiation ability (dissolution of pluripotency). Notably, Dnm1l-/- ESCs maintained the expression of the pluripotency marker Oct4 and undifferentiated colony types upon differentiation induction. RNA sequencing analysis revealed that the most frequently differentially expressed genes were enriched in the glutathione metabolic pathway. Our data suggested that differentiation inhibition of Dnm1l-/- ESCs was primarily due to metabolic shift from glycolysis to OXPHOS, G2/M phase retardation, and high level of Nanog and 2-cell-specific gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bong Jong Seo
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Bin Na
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhyuk Choi
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeongyong Ahn
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Omer Habib
- Department of Chemistry, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Chankyu Park
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwonho Hong
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Tae Do
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, Republic of Korea.
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Chen S, Leng P, Guo J, Zhou H. FBXW7 in breast cancer: mechanism of action and therapeutic potential. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:226. [PMID: 37658431 PMCID: PMC10474666 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02767-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the frequent tumors that seriously endanger the physical and mental well-being in women. F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7) is a neoplastic repressor. Serving as a substrate recognition element for ubiquitin ligase, FBXW7 participates in the ubiquitin-proteasome system and is typically in charge of the ubiquitination and destruction of crucial oncogenic proteins, further performing a paramount role in cell differentiation, apoptosis and metabolic processes. Low levels of FBXW7 cause abnormal stability of pertinent substrates, mutations and/or deletions in the FBXW7 gene have been reported to correlate with breast cancer malignant progression and chemoresistance. Given the lack of an effective solution to breast cancer's clinical drug resistance dilemma, elucidating FBXW7's mechanism of action could provide a theoretical basis for targeted drug exploration. Therefore, in this review, we focused on FBXW7's role in a range of breast cancer malignant behaviors and summarized the pertinent cellular targets, signaling pathways, as well as the mechanisms regulating FBXW7 expression. We also proposed novel perspectives for the exploitation of alternative therapies and specific tumor markers for breast cancer by therapeutic strategies aiming at FBXW7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyu Chen
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-Construction for Diagnosisand, Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Leng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-Construction for Diagnosisand, Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinlin Guo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-Construction for Diagnosisand, Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Hao Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Sichuan-Chongqing Co-Construction for Diagnosisand, Treatment of Infectious Diseases Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, College of Medical Technology , Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
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Huang J, Wang Q, Zhang K, He S, Liu Z, Li M, Liu M, Guo Y, Wu Z. Optimizing Feeding Strategies for Growing Rabbits: Impact of Timing and Amount on Health and Circadian Rhythms. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2742. [PMID: 37685006 PMCID: PMC10487096 DOI: 10.3390/ani13172742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Mammals exhibit circadian rhythms in their behavior and physiological activities to adapt to the diurnal changes of the environment. Improper feeding methods can disrupt the natural habits of animals and harm animal health. This study investigated the effects of feeding amount and feeding time on growing rabbits in northern China during spring. A total of 432 healthy 35-day-old weaned rabbits with similar body weight were randomly assigned to four groups: whole day diet-unrestricted feeding (WUF), whole day diet-restricted feeding (WRF), nighttime diet-unrestricted feeding (NUF), and nighttime diet-restricted feeding (NRF). The results showed that nighttime diet-unrestricted feeding improved performance, circadian rhythm of behavior, and body temperature, while reducing the risk of diarrhea and death. WRF group increased daytime body temperature but had no significant difference in feed conversion rate. The study suggests that nighttime diet-unrestricted feeding in spring can improve the growth and welfare of rabbits in northern China. Our study underscores the pivotal role of feeding timing in enhancing animal health. Future investigations should delve into the underlying mechanisms and expand the application of this strategy across seasons and regions to improve rabbit husbandry practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Qiangjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Kehao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Shuai He
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhongying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mingyong Li
- National Rabbit Industry Technology System Qingdao Comprehensive Experimental Station, Qingdao 266431, China; (M.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Man Liu
- National Rabbit Industry Technology System Qingdao Comprehensive Experimental Station, Qingdao 266431, China; (M.L.); (M.L.)
| | - Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhonghong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.H.); (Q.W.); (K.Z.); (S.H.); (Z.L.)
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P62/SQSTM1 mediates the autophagy-lysosome degradation of CDK2 protein undergoing PI3Kα/AKT T308 inhibition. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 627:5-11. [PMID: 36007335 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
CDK2 forms a complex with cyclin A and cyclin E to promote the progress of cell cycle, but when cyclin A and cyclin E are dissociated from the complex and degraded by the ubiquitin proteasome pathway, the fate of the inactive CDK2 is unclear. In this study, we found that the inactive CDK2 protein was degraded by autophagy-lysosome pathway. In the classic model of G0/G1 phase arrest induced by serum starvation, we found that the mRNA level in CDK2 did not change but the protein level decreased. Subsequently, using PI3K and AKT inhibitors and gene knockout methods, it was found that CDK2 degradation was mediated by the inhibition of PI3Kα/AKTT308. In addition, P62/SQSTM1 was found to bind to the inactivated CDK2 protein to help it enter autophagy-lysosome degradation in a CTSB-dependent manner. Taken together, these results confirm that the PI3Kα/AKTT308 inhibition leads to degradation of CDK2 protein in the autophagy-lysosome pathway. These data reveal a new molecular mechanism of CDK2 protein degradation and provide a new strategy and method for regulating CDK2 protein.
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Fan J, Bellon M, Ju M, Zhao L, Wei M, Fu L, Nicot C. Clinical significance of FBXW7 loss of function in human cancers. Mol Cancer 2022; 21:87. [PMID: 35346215 PMCID: PMC8962602 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-022-01548-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
FBXW7 (F-Box and WD Repeat Domain Containing 7) (also referred to as FBW7 or hCDC4) is a component of the Skp1-Cdc53 / Cullin-F-box-protein complex (SCF/β-TrCP). As a member of the F-box protein family, FBXW7 serves a role in phosphorylation-dependent ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of oncoproteins that play critical role(s) in oncogenesis. FBXW7 affects many regulatory functions involved in cell survival, cell proliferation, tumor invasion, DNA damage repair, genomic instability and telomere biology. This thorough review of current literature details how FBXW7 expression and functions are regulated through multiple mechanisms and how that ultimately drives tumorigenesis in a wide array of cell types. The clinical significance of FBXW7 is highlighted by the fact that FBXW7 is frequently inactivated in human lung, colon, and hematopoietic cancers. The loss of FBXW7 can serve as an independent prognostic marker and is significantly correlated with the resistance of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents and poorer disease outcomes. Recent evidence shows that genetic mutation of FBXW7 differentially affects the degradation of specific cellular targets resulting in a distinct and specific pattern of activation/inactivation of cell signaling pathways. The clinical significance of FBXW7 mutations in the context of tumor development, progression, and resistance to therapies as well as opportunities for targeted therapies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Marcia Bellon
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA
| | - Mingyi Ju
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Minjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China.,Liaoning Province, China Liaoning Key Laboratory of Molecular Targeted Anti-Tumor Drug Development and Evaluation, Liaoning Cancer Immune Peptide Drug Engineering Technology Research Center, Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Gastrointestinal Tumors, Ministry of Education, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Liwu Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Esophageal Cancer Institute; Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Christophe Nicot
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Center for Viral Pathogenesis, University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, USA.
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Madan S, Uttekar B, Chowdhary S, Rikhy R. Mitochondria Lead the Way: Mitochondrial Dynamics and Function in Cellular Movements in Development and Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 9:781933. [PMID: 35186947 PMCID: PMC8848284 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.781933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The dynamics, distribution and activity of subcellular organelles are integral to regulating cell shape changes during various physiological processes such as epithelial cell formation, cell migration and morphogenesis. Mitochondria are famously known as the powerhouse of the cell and play an important role in buffering calcium, releasing reactive oxygen species and key metabolites for various activities in a eukaryotic cell. Mitochondrial dynamics and morphology changes regulate these functions and their regulation is, in turn, crucial for various morphogenetic processes. In this review, we evaluate recent literature which highlights the role of mitochondrial morphology and activity during cell shape changes in epithelial cell formation, cell division, cell migration and tissue morphogenesis during organism development and in disease. In general, we find that mitochondrial shape is regulated for their distribution or translocation to the sites of active cell shape dynamics or morphogenesis. Often, key metabolites released locally and molecules buffered by mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating signaling pathways that motivate changes in cell shape, mitochondrial shape and mitochondrial activity. We conclude that mechanistic analysis of interactions between mitochondrial morphology, activity, signaling pathways and cell shape changes across the various cell and animal-based model systems holds the key to deciphering the common principles for this interaction.
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Role of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy of vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration in progression of atherosclerosis. Arch Pharm Res 2021; 44:1051-1061. [PMID: 34743301 DOI: 10.1007/s12272-021-01360-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration are critical events that contribute to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, restenosis, and hypertension. Recent findings have revealed that VSMC phenotype switching is associated with metabolic switch, which is related to the role of mitochondria. Mitochondrial dynamics are directly associated with mitochondrial function and cellular homeostasis. Interestingly, it has been suggested that mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy play crucial roles in the regulation of VSMC proliferation and migration through various mechanisms. Especially, dynamin-related protein-1 and mitofusion-2 are two main molecules that play a key role in regulating mitochondrial dynamics to induce VSMC proliferation and migration. Therefore, this review describes the function and role of mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in VSMC homeostasis as well as the underlying mechanisms. This will provide insight into the development of innovative approaches to treat atherosclerosis.
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Spurlock B, Parker D, Basu MK, Hjelmeland A, GC S, Liu S, Siegal GP, Gunter A, Moran A, Mitra K. Fine-tuned repression of Drp1-driven mitochondrial fission primes a 'stem/progenitor-like state' to support neoplastic transformation. eLife 2021; 10:e68394. [PMID: 34545812 PMCID: PMC8497058 DOI: 10.7554/elife.68394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene knockout of the master regulator of mitochondrial fission, Drp1, prevents neoplastic transformation. Also, mitochondrial fission and its opposing process of mitochondrial fusion are emerging as crucial regulators of stemness. Intriguingly, stem/progenitor cells maintaining repressed mitochondrial fission are primed for self-renewal and proliferation. Using our newly derived carcinogen transformed human cell model, we demonstrate that fine-tuned Drp1 repression primes a slow cycling 'stem/progenitor-like state', which is characterized by small networks of fused mitochondria and a gene-expression profile with elevated functional stem/progenitor markers (Krt15, Sox2 etc) and their regulators (Cyclin E). Fine tuning Drp1 protein by reducing its activating phosphorylation sustains the neoplastic stem/progenitor cell markers. Whereas, fine-tuned reduction of Drp1 protein maintains the characteristic mitochondrial shape and gene-expression of the primed 'stem/progenitor-like state' to accelerate neoplastic transformation, and more complete reduction of Drp1 protein prevents it. Therefore, our data highlights a 'goldilocks' level of Drp1 repression supporting stem/progenitor state dependent neoplastic transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Spurlock
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Danitra Parker
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Malay Kumar Basu
- Departments of Pathology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Anita Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell Development and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Sajina GC
- Department of Cell Development and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Shanrun Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Gene P Siegal
- Departments of Pathology, Surgery, Genetics and Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Alan Gunter
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Aida Moran
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
| | - Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamUnited States
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Sun D, Yin Y, Guo C, Liu L, Mao S, Zhu W, Liu J. Transcriptomic analysis reveals the molecular mechanisms of rumen wall morphological and functional development induced by different solid diet introduction in a lamb model. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:33. [PMID: 33750470 PMCID: PMC7944623 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00556-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study aimed to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of solid diet introduction initiating the cellular growth and maturation of rumen tissues and characterize the shared and unique biological processes upon different solid diet regimes. Methods Twenty-four Hu lambs were randomly allocated to three groups fed following diets: goat milk powder only (M, n = 8), goat milk powder + alfalfa hay (MH, n = 8), and goat milk powder + concentrate starter (MC, n = 8). At 42 days of age, the lambs were slaughtered. Ruminal fluid sample was collected for analysis of concentration of volatile fatty acid (VFA) and microbial crude protein (MCP). The sample of the rumen wall from the ventral sac was collected for analysis of rumen papilla morphology and transcriptomics. Results Compared with the M group, MH and MC group had a higher concentration of VFA, MCP, rumen weight, and rumen papilla area. The transcriptomic results of rumen wall showed that there were 312 shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between in “MH vs. M” and “MC vs. M”, and 232 or 796 unique DEGs observed in “MH vs. M” or “MC vs. M”, respectively. The shared DEGs were most enriched in VFA absorption and metabolism, such as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, butanoate metabolism, and synthesis and degradation of ketone bodies. Additionally, a weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified M16 (2,052 genes) and M18 (579 genes) modules were positively correlated with VFA and rumen wall morphology. The M16 module was mainly related to metabolism pathway, while the M18 module was mainly associated with signaling transport. Moreover, hay specifically depressed expression of genes involved in cytokine production, immune response, and immunocyte activation, and concentrate starter mainly altered nutrient transport and metabolism, especially ion transport, amino acid, and fatty acid metabolism. Conclusions The energy production during VFA metabolism may drive the rumen wall development directly. The hay introduction facilitated establishment of immune function, while the concentrate starter enhanced nutrient transport and metabolism, which are important biological processes required for rumen development. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-021-00556-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Sun
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Yuyang Yin
- Huzhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Huzhou, 313000, China
| | - Changzheng Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Lixiang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Shengyong Mao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Weiyun Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Junhua Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Nutrition and Animal Health, Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology, College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu Province, China. .,National Center for International Research on Animal Gut Nutrition, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China. .,National Experimental Teaching Demonstration Center of Animal Science, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
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12
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Guo Y, Wang QJ, Zhang KH, Yao CY, Huang J, Li Q, Liu ZY, Zhang Y, Shan CH, Liu P, Wang MZ, An L, Tian JH, Wu ZH. Night-restricted feeding improves locomotor activity rhythm and modulates nutrient utilization to accelerate growth in rabbits. FASEB J 2020; 35:e21166. [PMID: 33184921 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202001265rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
An unfavorable lifestyle disrupts the circadian rhythm, leading to metabolic dysfunction in adult humans and animals. Increasing evidence suggests that night-restricted feeding (NRF) can effectively prevent ectopic fat deposition caused by circadian rhythm disruption, and reduce the risk of metabolic diseases. However, previous studies have mainly focused on the prevention of obesity in adults by regulating dietary patterns, whereas limited attention has been paid to the effect of NRF on metabolism during growth and development. Here, we used weaning rabbits as models and found that NRF increased body weight gain without increasing feed intake, and promoted insulin-mediated protein synthesis through the mTOR/S6K pathway and muscle formation by upregulating MYOG. NRF improved the circadian clock, promoted PDH-regulated glycolysis and CPT1B-regulated fatty-acid β-oxidation, and reduced fat content in the serum and muscles. In addition, NRF-induced body temperature oscillation might be partly responsible for the improvement in the circadian clock and insulin sensitivity. Time-restricted feeding could be used as a nondrug intervention to prevent obesity and accelerate growth in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qiang-Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Ke-Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Hua Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mei-Zhi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei An
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Hui Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Hong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Fat Body p53 Regulates Systemic Insulin Signaling and Autophagy under Nutrient Stress via Drosophila Upd2 Repression. Cell Rep 2020; 33:108321. [DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
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14
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Karakaidos P, Rampias T. Mitonuclear Interactions in the Maintenance of Mitochondrial Integrity. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10090173. [PMID: 32878185 PMCID: PMC7555762 DOI: 10.3390/life10090173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
In eukaryotic cells, mitochondria originated in an α-proteobacterial endosymbiont. Although these organelles harbor their own genome, the large majority of genes, originally encoded in the endosymbiont, were either lost or transferred to the nucleus. As a consequence, mitochondria have become semi-autonomous and most of their processes require the import of nuclear-encoded components to be functional. Therefore, the mitochondrial-specific translation has evolved to be coordinated by mitonuclear interactions to respond to the energetic demands of the cell, acquiring unique and mosaic features. However, mitochondrial-DNA-encoded genes are essential for the assembly of the respiratory chain complexes. Impaired mitochondrial function due to oxidative damage and mutations has been associated with numerous human pathologies, the aging process, and cancer. In this review, we highlight the unique features of mitochondrial protein synthesis and provide a comprehensive insight into the mitonuclear crosstalk and its co-evolution, as well as the vulnerabilities of the animal mitochondrial genome.
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15
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Spurlock B, Tullet JMA, Hartman J, Mitra K. Interplay of mitochondrial fission-fusion with cell cycle regulation: Possible impacts on stem cell and organismal aging. Exp Gerontol 2020; 135:110919. [PMID: 32220593 PMCID: PMC7808294 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2020.110919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Declining mitochondrial function and homeostasis is a hallmark of aging. It is appreciated that the role of mitochondria is much more complex than generating reactive oxygen species to cause aging-related tissue damage. More recent literature describes that the ability of mitochondria to undergo fission or fusion events with each other impacts aging processes. A dynamic balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion events is required to sustain critical cellular functions including cell cycle. Specifically, cell cycle regulators modulate molecular activities of the mitochondrial fission (and fusion) machinery towards regulating cell cycle progression. In this review, we discus literature leading to our understanding on how shifts in the dynamic balance of mitochondrial fission and fusion can modulate progression through, exit from, and re-entry to the cell cycle or in undergoing senescence. Importantly, core regulators of mitochondrial fission or fusion are emerging as crucial stem cell regulators. We discuss the implication of such regulation in stem cells in the context of aging, given that aberrations in adult stem cells promote aging. We also propose a few hypotheses that may provide direction for further understanding about the roles of mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics in aging biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Spurlock
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - JMA Tullet
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury, Kent, UK
| | - J.L. Hartman
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - K. Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA,Corresponding author. (K. Mitra)
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16
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Cyclin-Dependent Kinase and Antioxidant Gene Expression in Cancers with Poor Therapeutic Response. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:ph13020026. [PMID: 32033319 PMCID: PMC7169466 DOI: 10.3390/ph13020026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and mesothelioma are treatment-refractory cancers, and patients afflicted with these cancers generally have a very poor prognosis. The genomics of these tumors were analyzed as part of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project. However, these analyses are an overview and may miss pathway interactions that could be exploited for therapeutic targeting. In this study, the TCGA Pan-Cancer datasets were queried via cBioPortal for correlations among mRNA expression of key genes in the cell cycle and mitochondrial (mt) antioxidant defense pathways. Here we describe these correlations. The results support further evaluation to develop combination treatment strategies that target these two critical pathways in pancreatic cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and mesothelioma.
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17
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van den Ameele J, Li AY, Ma H, Chinnery PF. Mitochondrial heteroplasmy beyond the oocyte bottleneck. Semin Cell Dev Biol 2020; 97:156-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2019.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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18
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van den Ameele J, Brand AH. Neural stem cell temporal patterning and brain tumour growth rely on oxidative phosphorylation. eLife 2019; 8:47887. [PMID: 31513013 PMCID: PMC6763261 DOI: 10.7554/elife.47887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Translating advances in cancer research to clinical applications requires better insight into the metabolism of normal cells and tumour cells in vivo. Much effort has focused on understanding how glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) support proliferation, while their impact on other aspects of development and tumourigenesis remain largely unexplored. We found that inhibition of OxPhos in neural stem cells (NSCs) or tumours in the Drosophila brain not only decreases proliferation, but also affects many different aspects of stem cell behaviour. In NSCs, OxPhos dysfunction leads to a protracted G1/S-phase and results in delayed temporal patterning and reduced neuronal diversity. As a consequence, NSCs fail to undergo terminal differentiation, leading to prolonged neurogenesis into adulthood. Similarly, in brain tumours inhibition of OxPhos slows proliferation and prevents differentiation, resulting in reduced tumour heterogeneity. Thus, in vivo, highly proliferative stem cells and tumour cells require OxPhos for efficient growth and generation of diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelle van den Ameele
- The Gurdon Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Andrea H Brand
- The Gurdon Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom.,Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
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19
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Cao T, Liccardo D, LaCanna R, Zhang X, Lu R, Finck BN, Leigh T, Chen X, Drosatos K, Tian Y. Fatty Acid Oxidation Promotes Cardiomyocyte Proliferation Rate but Does Not Change Cardiomyocyte Number in Infant Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:42. [PMID: 30968022 PMCID: PMC6440456 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiomyocyte proliferation accounts for the increase of cardiac muscle during fetal mammalian heart development. Shortly after birth, cardiomyocyte transits from hyperplasia to hypertrophic growth. Here, we have investigated the role of fatty acid β-oxidation in cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophic growth during early postnatal life in mice. A transient wave of increased cell cycle activity of cardiomyocyte was observed between postnatal day 3 and 5, that proceeded as cardiomyocyte hypertrophic growth and maturation. Assessment of cardiomyocyte metabolism in neonatal mouse heart revealed a myocardial metabolic shift from glycolysis to fatty acid β-oxidation that coincided with the burst of cardiomyocyte cell cycle reactivation and hypertrophic growth. Inhibition of fatty acid β-oxidation metabolism in infant mouse heart delayed cardiomyocyte cell cycle exit, hypertrophic growth and maturation. By contrast, pharmacologic and genetic activation of PPARα, a major regulator of cardiac fatty acid metabolism, induced fatty acid β-oxidation and initially promoted cardiomyocyte proliferation rate in infant mice. As the cell cycle proceeded, activation of PPARα-mediated fatty acid β-oxidation promoted cardiomyocytes hypertrophic growth and maturation, which led to cell cycle exit. As a consequence, activation of PPARα-mediated fatty acid β-oxidation did not alter the total number of cardiomyocytes in infant mice. These findings indicate a unique role of fatty acid β-oxidation in regulating cardiomyocyte proliferation and hypertrophic growth in infant mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongtong Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States.,Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Daniela Liccardo
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ryan LaCanna
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Rong Lu
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Brian N Finck
- Division of Geriatrics and Nutritional Sciences, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, United States
| | - Tani Leigh
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Xiongwen Chen
- Department of Physiology, Cardiovascular Research Center, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Konstantinos Drosatos
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Ying Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Center for Translational Medicine, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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20
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Hamasaki H, Kurihara Y, Kuromori T, Kusano H, Nagata N, Yamamoto YY, Shimada H, Matsui M. SnRK1 Kinase and the NAC Transcription Factor SOG1 Are Components of a Novel Signaling Pathway Mediating the Low Energy Response Triggered by ATP Depletion. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:503. [PMID: 31134102 PMCID: PMC6523062 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Plant growth is strictly controlled by cell division, elongation, and differentiation for which adequate supplies of intracellular ATP are required. However, it is unclear how changes in the amount of intracellular ATP affect cell division and growth. To reveal the specific pathway dependent on ATP concentration, we performed analyses on the Arabidopsis mitochondria mutation sd3. The mutant is tiny, a result of a low amount of ATP caused by the disruption of Tim21, a subunit of the TIM23 protein complex localized in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. Loss of function of suppressor of gamma response 1 (SOG1) also restored the dwarf phenotype of wild type treated with antimycin A, a blocker of ATP synthesis in mitochondria. The sd3 phenotype is partially restored by the introduction of sog1, suppressor of gamma response 1, and kin10/kin11, subunits of Snf1-related kinase 1 (SnRK1). Additionally, SOG1 interacted with SnRK1, and was modified by phosphorylation in planta only after treatment with antimycin A. Transcripts of several negative regulators of the endocycle were up-regulated in the sd3 mutant, and this high expression was not observed in sd3sog1 and sd3kin11. We suggest that there is a novel regulatory mechanism for the control of plant cell cycle involving SnRK1 and SOG1, which is induced by low amounts of intracellular ATP, and controls plant development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidefumi Hamasaki
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
- Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Yukio Kurihara
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takashi Kuromori
- Gene Discovery Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kusano
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Noriko Nagata
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Japan Woman’s University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Y. Yamamoto
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shimada
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Minami Matsui
- Synthetic Genomics Research Group, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
- *Correspondence: Minami Matsui,
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21
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Regulation and function of p53: A perspective from Drosophila studies. Mech Dev 2018; 154:82-90. [PMID: 29800619 DOI: 10.1016/j.mod.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Tp53 is a central regulator of cellular responses to stress and one of the most frequently mutated genes in human cancers. P53 is activated by a myriad of stress signals and drives specific cellular responses depending on stress nature, cell type and cellular context. Additionally to its classical functions in regulating cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and senescence, newly described non-canonical functions of p53 are increasingly coming under the spotlight as important functions not only for its role as a tumour suppressor but also for its non-cancer associated activities. Drosophila melanogaster is a valuable model to study multiple aspects of normal animal physiology, stress response and disease. In this review, we discuss the contribution of Drosophila studies to the current knowledge on p53 and highlight recent evidences pointing to p53 novel roles in promoting tissue homeostasis and metabolic adaptation.
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22
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Barrasso AP, Tong X, Poché RA. The mito::mKate2 mouse: A far-red fluorescent reporter mouse line for tracking mitochondrial dynamics in vivo. Genesis 2018; 56:10.1002/dvg.23087. [PMID: 29243279 PMCID: PMC5818295 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.23087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are incredibly dynamic organelles that undergo continuous fission and fusion events to control morphology, which profoundly impacts cell physiology including cell cycle progression. This is highlighted by the fact that most major human neurodegenerative diseases are due to specific disruptions in mitochondrial fission or fusion machinery and null alleles of these genes result in embryonic lethality. To gain a better understanding of the pathophysiology of such disorders, tools for the in vivo assessment of mitochondrial dynamics are required. It would be particularly advantageous to simultaneously image mitochondrial fission-fusion coincident with cell cycle progression. To that end, we have generated a new transgenic reporter mouse, called mito::mKate2 that ubiquitously expresses a mitochondria localized far-red mKate2 fluorescent protein. Here we show that mito::mKate2 mice are viable and fertile and that mKate2 fluorescence can be spectrally separated from the previously developed Fucci cell cycle reporters. By crossing mito::mKate2 mice to the ROSA26R-mTmG dual fluorescent Cre reporter line, we also demonstrate the potential utility of mito::mKate2 for genetic mosaic analysis of mitochondrial phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P. Barrasso
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Xuefei Tong
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Ross A. Poché
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Program in Integrative Molecular and Biomedical Sciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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23
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Liu SL, Liu Z, Zhang LD, Zhu HQ, Guo JH, Zhao M, Wu YL, Liu F, Gao FH. GSK3β-dependent cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 degradation is indispensable for NVP-BEZ235 induced G0/G1 arrest in neuroblastoma cells. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:2386-2395. [PMID: 28980866 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1383577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin D1 and cyclin E1, as vital regulatory factors of G1-S phase cell cycle progression, are frequently constitutive expressed and associated with pathogenesis and tumorigenesis in most human cancers and they have been regarded as promising targets for cancer therapy. In this study, we established NVP-BEZ235, a potent dual kinase inhibitor, could induce neuroblastoma cells proliferation inhibition without apoptosis activation. Moreover, we showed NVP-BEZ235 could induce neuroblastoma cells arrested at G0/G1 phase accompanied with significant reduction of the cyclin D1 and E1 proteins in a dose dependent manner at nanomole concentration. Additionally we found that GSK3β was dephosphorylated and activated by NVP-BEZ235 and then triggered cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 degradation through ubiquitination proteasome pathway, based on the evidences that NVP-BEZ235 induced downregulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 were obviously recovered by proteasome inhibitor and the blockade of GSK3β contributed to remarkable rescue of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1. Analogous results about its anti-proliferation effects and molecular mechanism were observed on neuroblastoma xenograft mouse model in vivo. Therefore, these results indicate that NVP-BEZ235-induced cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 degradation, which happened through activating GSK3β, and GSK3β-dependent down-regulation of cyclin D1 and cyclin E1 should be available for anticancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Ling Liu
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
| | - Zhen Liu
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China.,b Department of Clinical Laboratory , Shanghai Pudong Hospital , Fudan University Pudong Medical Center , 2800 Gongwei Road, Pudong, Shanghai , China
| | - Li-Di Zhang
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
| | - Han-Qing Zhu
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
| | - Jia-Hui Guo
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
| | - Mei Zhao
- c Department of Reproductive Medicine , Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital , Tongji University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Ying-Li Wu
- d Dept. of Pathophysiology, Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of National Ministry of Education , Shanghai Jiao-Tong University School of Medicine (SJTU-SM) , Shanghai , China
| | - Feng Liu
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
| | - Feng-Hou Gao
- a Department of Oncology , Shanghai 9th People's Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , 639 Zhi Zao Ju Rd, Shanghai , China
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24
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Ito T, Igaki T. Dissecting cellular senescence and SASP in Drosophila. Inflamm Regen 2016; 36:25. [PMID: 29259698 PMCID: PMC5725765 DOI: 10.1186/s41232-016-0031-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence can act as both tumor suppressor and tumor promoter depending on the cellular contexts. On one hand, premature senescence has been considered as an innate host defense mechanism against carcinogenesis in mammals. In response to various stresses including oxidative stress, DNA damage, and oncogenic stress, suffered cells undergo irreversible cell cycle arrest, leading to tumor suppression. On the other hand, recent studies in mammalian systems have revealed that senescent cells can drive oncogenesis by secreting diverse proteins such as inflammatory cytokines, matrix remodeling factors, and growth factors, the phenomenon called senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). However, the mechanisms by which these contradictory effects regulate tumor growth and metastasis in vivo have been elusive. Here, we review the recent discovery of cellular senescence in Drosophila and the mechanisms underlying senescence-mediated tumor regulation dissected by Drosophila genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Ito
- Laboratory of Genetics, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoecho-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Igaki
- Laboratory of Genetics, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Konoecho-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8501, Japan
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25
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Fueling the Cell Division Cycle. Trends Cell Biol 2016; 27:69-81. [PMID: 27746095 DOI: 10.1016/j.tcb.2016.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Revised: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cell division is a complex process with high energy demands. However, how cells regulate the generation of energy required for DNA synthesis and chromosome segregation is not well understood. Recent data suggest that changes in mitochondrial dynamics and metabolic pathways such as oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) and glycolysis crosstalk with, and are tightly regulated by, the cell division machinery. Alterations in energy availability trigger cell-cycle checkpoints, suggesting a bidirectional connection between cell division and general metabolism. Some of these connections are altered in human disease, and their manipulation may help in designing therapeutic strategies for specific diseases including cancer. We review here recent studies describing the control of metabolism by the cell-cycle machinery.
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Sun A, Wang Y, Liu J, Yu X, Sun Y, Yang F, Dong S, Wu J, Zhao Y, Xu C, Lu F, Zhang W. Exogenous H2S modulates mitochondrial fusion-fission to inhibit vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation in a hyperglycemic state. Cell Biosci 2016; 6:36. [PMID: 27252826 PMCID: PMC4888644 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-016-0102-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation in response to hyperglycemia is an important process in the development of arterial vessel hyperplasia. The shape change of mitochondria is dynamic and closely related to fission and fusion. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) was confirmed to have anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory and anti-proliferative effects. However, little it is known about its effects on mitochondrial morphology induced by hyperglycemia. The aim of the study is to demonstrate that H2S inhibits VSMC proliferation through regulating mitochondrial fission. Methods and results We observe lower H2S levels as well as higher proliferative protein expression levels for proliferative cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and cyclin D1 and higher mitochondrial fusion–fission protein expression levels for dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp 1) in human kidney arteries and in db/db mouse aorta. Exogenous H2S (100 μM NaHS) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cells of human pulmonary aorta(HPASMC) proliferation and migration in response to high glucose using the BrdU and scratch wound repair assays, decreases proliferative protein (PCNA and cyclin D1) expression, and reduces ROS production in the cytoplasm and mitochondria. When HPASMCs proliferate with a high glucose treatment, the mitochondria become small spheres with a short rod-shaped structure, whereas NaHS, a mitochondrial division inhibitor and siDrp prevent VSMC proliferation and maintain mitochondria as stationary and randomly dispersed with fixed structures. Conclusion Exogenous H2S aids in inhibiting mitochondrial fragmentation and affects proliferation in db/db mice and HPASMCs by decreasing Drp 1 expression. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13578-016-0102-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aili Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Urologic Surgery, First Clinical Medical School of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150001 China
| | - Jiaqi Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Xiangjing Yu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Jichao Wu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Yajun Zhao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Changqing Xu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Fanghao Lu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
| | - Weihua Zhang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150086 China
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Legaz S, Exposito JY, Lethias C, Viginier B, Terzian C, Verrier B. Evaluation of polylactic acid nanoparticles safety using Drosophila model. Nanotoxicology 2016; 10:1136-43. [DOI: 10.1080/17435390.2016.1181806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Legaz
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Fédération de Recherche 3302, SFR BioSciences (Unité Mixte de Service 3444/US8) Gerland-Lyon Sud, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France,
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Lyon, France, and
| | - Jean-Yves Exposito
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Fédération de Recherche 3302, SFR BioSciences (Unité Mixte de Service 3444/US8) Gerland-Lyon Sud, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France,
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Lyon, France, and
| | - Claire Lethias
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Fédération de Recherche 3302, SFR BioSciences (Unité Mixte de Service 3444/US8) Gerland-Lyon Sud, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France,
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Lyon, France, and
| | - Barbara Viginier
- Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée, Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Unité Mixte De Recherche 754, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Terzian
- Infections Virales et Pathologie Comparée, Institut National De La Recherche Agronomique, Université Claude Bernard Lyon1, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Unité Mixte De Recherche 754, Lyon, France
| | - Bernard Verrier
- Institut de Biologie et Chimie des Protéines, Fédération de Recherche 3302, SFR BioSciences (Unité Mixte de Service 3444/US8) Gerland-Lyon Sud, Université de Lyon 1, Lyon, France,
- Laboratoire de Biologie Tissulaire et d'Ingénierie Thérapeutique, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité Mixte de Recherche 5305, Lyon, France, and
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Kaplon J, van Dam L, Peeper D. Two-way communication between the metabolic and cell cycle machineries: the molecular basis. Cell Cycle 2016; 14:2022-32. [PMID: 26038996 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2015.1044172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between cellular metabolism and the cell cycle machinery is by no means unidirectional. The ability of a cell to enter the cell cycle critically depends on the availability of metabolites. Conversely, the cell cycle machinery commits to regulating metabolic networks in order to support cell survival and proliferation. In this review, we will give an account of how the cell cycle machinery and metabolism are interconnected. Acquiring information on how communication takes place among metabolic signaling networks and the cell cycle controllers is crucial to increase our understanding of the deregulation thereof in disease, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Kaplon
- a Division of Molecular Oncology; The Netherlands Cancer Institute ; Amsterdam ; The Netherlands
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29
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Mitochondria: Are they causal players in cellular senescence? BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2015; 1847:1373-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Revised: 05/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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30
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Parker DJ, Iyer A, Shah S, Moran A, Hjelmeland AB, Basu MK, Liu R, Mitra K. A new mitochondrial pool of cyclin E, regulated by Drp1, is linked to cell-density-dependent cell proliferation. J Cell Sci 2015; 128:4171-82. [PMID: 26446260 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.172429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The regulation and function of the crucial cell cycle regulator cyclin E (CycE) remains elusive. Unlike other cyclins, CycE can be uniquely controlled by mitochondrial energetics, the exact mechanism being unclear. Using mammalian cells (in vitro) and Drosophila (in vivo) model systems in parallel, we show that CycE can be directly regulated by mitochondria through its recruitment to the organelle. Active mitochondrial bioenergetics maintains a distinct mitochondrial pool of CycE (mtCycE) lacking a key phosphorylation required for its degradation. Loss of the mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1, SwissProt O00429 in humans) augments mitochondrial respiration and elevates the mtCycE pool allowing CycE deregulation, cell cycle alterations and enrichment of stem cell markers. Such CycE deregulation after Drp1 loss attenuates cell proliferation in low-cell-density environments. However, in high-cell-density environments, elevated MEK-ERK signaling in the absence of Drp1 releases mtCycE to support escape of contact inhibition and maintain aberrant cell proliferation. Such Drp1-driven regulation of CycE recruitment to mitochondria might be a mechanism to modulate CycE degradation during normal developmental processes as well as in tumorigenic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danitra J Parker
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Archana Iyer
- Department of Chemistry, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30303, USA
| | - Shikha Shah
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Aida Moran
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Anita B Hjelmeland
- Department of Cell Development and Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Malay Kumar Basu
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Runhua Liu
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
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31
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Zhou Z, He C, Wang J. Regulation mechanism of Fbxw7-related signaling pathways (Review). Oncol Rep 2015; 34:2215-24. [PMID: 26324296 DOI: 10.3892/or.2015.4227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (Fbxw7), the substrate-recognition component of SCFFbxw7 complex, is thought to be a tumor suppressor involved in cell growth, proliferation, differentiation and survival. Although an increasing number of ubiquitin substrates of Fbxw7 have been identified, the best characterized substrates are cyclin E and c-Myc. Fbxw7/cyclin E and Fbxw7/c-Myc pathways are tightly regulated by multiple regulators. Fbxw7 has been identified as a tumor suppressor in hepatocellular carcinoma. This review focused on the regulation of Fbxw7/cyclin E and Fbxw7/c-Myc pathways and discussed findings to gain a better understanding of the role of Fbxw7 in hepatocellular carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenyu Zhou
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Chuanchao He
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
| | - Jie Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat‑sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China
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32
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Simón R, Aparicio R, Housden BE, Bray S, Busturia A. Drosophila p53 controls Notch expression and balances apoptosis and proliferation. Apoptosis 2015; 19:1430-43. [PMID: 24858703 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-014-1000-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A balance between cell proliferation and apoptosis is important for normal development and tissue homeostasis. Under stress conditions, the conserved tumor suppressor and transcription factor Dp53 induces apoptosis to contribute to the maintenance of homeostasis. However, in some cases Dp53-induced apoptosis results in the proliferation of surrounding non-apoptotic cells. To gain insight into the Dp53 function in the control of apoptosis and proliferation, we studied the interaction between the Drosophila Dp53 and Notch genes. We present evidence that simultaneous reduction of Dp53 and Notch function synergistically increases the wing phenotype of Notch heterozygous mutant flies. Further, we found that a Notch cis-regulatory element is responsive to loss and gain of Dp53 function and that over-expression of Dp53 up-regulates Notch mRNA and protein expression. These findings suggest not only that Dp53 and Notch act together to control wing development but also indicate that Dp53 transcriptionally regulates Notch expression. Moreover, using Notch gain and loss of function mutations we examined the relevance of Dp53 and Notch interactions in the process of Dp53-apoptosis induced proliferation. Results show that proliferation induced by Dp53 over-expression is dependent on Notch, thus identifying Notch as a new player in Dp53-induced proliferation. Interestingly, we found that Dp53-induced Notch activation and proliferation occurs even under conditions where apoptosis was inhibited. Our findings highlight the conservation between flies and vertebrates of the Dp53 and Notch cross-talk and suggest that Dp53 has a dual role regulating cell death and proliferation gene networks to control the homeostatic balance between apoptosis and proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Simón
- Centro de Biología Molecular "Severo Ochoa", CSIC-UAM, c) Nicolás Cabrera 1, 28049, Madrid, Spain
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33
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Abstract
The canonical role of p53 in preserving genome integrity and limiting carcinogenesis has been well established. In the presence of acute DNA-damage, oncogene deregulation and other forms of cellular stress, p53 orchestrates a myriad of pleiotropic processes to repair cellular damages and maintain homeostasis. Beside these well-studied functions of p53, recent studies in Drosophila have unraveled intriguing roles of Dmp53 in promoting cell division in apoptosis-induced proliferation, enhancing fitness and proliferation of the winner cell in cell competition and coordinating growth at the organ and organismal level in the presence of stress. In this review, we describe these new functions of Dmp53 and discuss their relevance in the context of carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bertrand Mollereau
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology of the Cell, UMR5239 CNRS/Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, UMS 3444 Biosciences Lyon Gerland, University of Lyon, Lyon, France,
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34
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De Gianni E, Turrini E, Milelli A, Maffei F, Carini M, Minarini A, Tumiatti V, Ros TD, Prato M, Fimognari C. Study of the cytotoxic effects of the new synthetic Isothiocyanate CM9 and its fullerene derivative on human T-leukemia cells. Toxins (Basel) 2015; 7:535-52. [PMID: 25679371 PMCID: PMC4344639 DOI: 10.3390/toxins7020535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
One important strategy to develop effective anticancer agents is based on natural products. Many active phytochemicals are in human clinical trials and have been used for a long time, alone and in association with conventional anticancer drugs, for the treatment of various types of cancers. A great number of in vitro, in vivo and clinical reports document the multi-target anticancer activities of isothiocyanates and of compounds characterized by a naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide scaffold. In order to search for new anticancer agents with a better pharmaco-toxicological profile, we investigated hybrid compounds obtained by inserting isothiocyanate group(s) on a naphthalenetetracarboxylic diimide scaffold. Moreover, since water-soluble fullerene derivatives can cross cell membranes thus favoring the delivery of anticancer therapeutics, we explored the cytostatic and cytotoxic activity of hybrid compounds conjugated with fullerene. We studied their cytostatic and cytotoxic effects on a human T-lymphoblastoid cell line by using different flow cytometric assays. In order to better understand their pharmaco-toxicological potential, we also analyzed their genotoxicity. Our global results show that the synthesized compounds reduced significantly the viability of leukemia cells. However, the conjugation with a non-toxic vector did not increase their anticancer potential. This opens an interesting research pattern for certain fullerene properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena De Gianni
- Interdepartmental Centre for Industrial Research in Advanced Mechanical Engineering Applications and Materials Technology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Piazza Malatesta, 29/30, 47923 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Eleonora Turrini
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Andrea Milelli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Francesca Maffei
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Marco Carini
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Anna Minarini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, via Belmeloro 6, 40126 Bologna, Italy.
| | - Vincenzo Tumiatti
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
| | - Tatiana Da Ros
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Prato
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, Piazzale Europa 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Carmela Fimognari
- Department for Life Quality Studies, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Corso d'Augusto 237, 47921 Rimini, Italy.
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Ziegler DV, Wiley CD, Velarde MC. Mitochondrial effectors of cellular senescence: beyond the free radical theory of aging. Aging Cell 2015; 14:1-7. [PMID: 25399755 PMCID: PMC4310776 DOI: 10.1111/acel.12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 236] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular senescence is a process that results from a variety of stresses, leading to a state of irreversible growth arrest. Senescent cells accumulate during aging and have been implicated in promoting a variety of age-related diseases. Mitochondrial stress is an effective inducer of cellular senescence, but the mechanisms by which mitochondria regulate permanent cell growth arrest are largely unexplored. Here, we review some of the mitochondrial signaling pathways that participate in establishing cellular senescence. We discuss the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial dynamics (fission and fusion), the electron transport chain (ETC), bioenergetic balance, redox state, metabolic signature, and calcium homeostasis in controlling cellular growth arrest. We emphasize that multiple mitochondrial signaling pathways, besides mitochondrial ROS, can induce cellular senescence. Together, these pathways provide a broader perspective for studying the contribution of mitochondrial stress to aging, linking mitochondrial dysfunction and aging through the process of cellular senescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorian V. Ziegler
- Département de Biologie Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon 46 allée d'Italie Lyon 69007 France
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging 8001 Redwood Blvd. Novato CA 94945 USA
| | | | - Michael C. Velarde
- Buck Institute for Research on Aging 8001 Redwood Blvd. Novato CA 94945 USA
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Peter Y, Weingarten M, Akhavan N, Hanau J. A Place to Call Home: Bioengineering Pluripotential Stem Cell Cultures. AIMS BIOENGINEERING 2015. [DOI: 10.3934/bioeng.2015.2.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Barrio L, Dekanty A, Milán M. MicroRNA-mediated regulation of Dp53 in the Drosophila fat body contributes to metabolic adaptation to nutrient deprivation. Cell Rep 2014; 8:528-41. [PMID: 25017064 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2014.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple conserved mechanisms sense nutritional conditions and coordinate metabolic changes in the whole organism. We unravel a role for the Drosophila homolog of p53 (Dp53) in the fat body (FB; a functional analog of vertebrate adipose and hepatic tissues) in starvation adaptation. Under nutrient deprivation, FB-specific depletion of Dp53 accelerates consumption of major energy stores and reduces survival rates of adult flies. We show that Dp53 is regulated by the microRNA (miRNA) machinery and miR-305 in a nutrition-dependent manner. In well-fed animals, TOR signaling contributes to miR-305-mediated inhibition of Dp53. Nutrient deprivation reduces the levels of miRNA machinery components and leads to Dp53 derepression. Our results uncover an organism-wide role for Dp53 in nutrient sensing and metabolic adaptation and open up avenues toward understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying p53 activation under nutrient deprivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Barrio
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrés Dekanty
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marco Milán
- Institute for Research in Biomedicine (IRB Barcelona), Baldiri i Reixac, 10, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Institucio Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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Ning Z, Wang A, Liang J, Xie Y, Liu J, Feng L, Yan Q, Wang Z. USP22 promotes the G1/S phase transition by upregulating FoxM1 expression via β-catenin nuclear localization and is associated with poor prognosis in stage II pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma. Int J Oncol 2014; 45:1594-608. [PMID: 24993031 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2014.2531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 22 (USP22), a newly discovered member of ubiquitin hydrolase family, exhibits a critical function in cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis. The forkhead box M1 (FoxM1) transcription factor plays a crucial role in cell proliferation, differentiation and transformation. However, the expression and functions of USP22 in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and whether FoxM1 is involved in USP22-mediated cell cycle regulation have not been studied. We examined the expression of USP22 and FoxM1 in 136 stage II PDA tissues by immunohistochemistry. Clinical significance was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis, Kaplan-Meier curves and log-rank test. RT-PCR, western blot analysis, luciferase and immunofluorescence assays were used to investigate the molecular function of USP22 and FoxM1 in PDA fresh tissues and cell lines. USP22 and FoxM1 were significantly upregulated in PDA tissues compared with the paired normal carcinoma-adjacent tissues. A statistical correlation was observed between USP22 and FoxM1 expression. The expression of USP/FoxM1 and co-expression of both factors correlated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and overall survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that the expression of USP22/FoxM1, especially the co-expression of both factors, is an independent, unfavorable prognostic factor. USP22 overexpression is accompanied by an increase in FoxM1 expression and USP22 increases FoxM1 expression to promote G1/S transition and cell proliferation through promoting β-catenin nuclear translocation in PDA cell lines. USP22 promotes the G1/S phase transition by upregulating FoxM1 expression via promoting β-catenin nuclear localization. USP22 and FoxM1 may act as prognostic markers and potential targets for PDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Ning
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Aman Wang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jinxiao Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Yunpeng Xie
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Jiwei Liu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Lu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, P.R. China
| | - Qiu Yan
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
| | - Zhongyu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116011, P.R. China
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39
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Pils D, Bachmayr-Heyda A, Auer K, Svoboda M, Auner V, Hager G, Obermayr E, Reiner A, Reinthaller A, Speiser P, Braicu I, Sehouli J, Lambrechts S, Vergote I, Mahner S, Berger A, Cacsire Castillo-Tong D, Zeillinger R. Cyclin E1 (CCNE1) as independent positive prognostic factor in advanced stage serous ovarian cancer patients – A study of the OVCAD consortium. Eur J Cancer 2014; 50:99-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2013.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2013] [Revised: 09/11/2013] [Accepted: 09/16/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Adenylate Kinase Isoform Network: A Major Hub in Cell Energetics and Metabolic Signaling. SYSTEMS BIOLOGY OF METABOLIC AND SIGNALING NETWORKS 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-38505-6_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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41
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Li L, Anderson S, Secombe J, Eisenman RN. The Drosophila ubiquitin-specific protease Puffyeye regulates dMyc-mediated growth. Development 2013; 140:4776-87. [PMID: 24173801 PMCID: PMC3833434 DOI: 10.1242/dev.096941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The essential and highly conserved role of Myc in organismal growth and development is dependent on the control of Myc protein abundance. It is now well established that Myc levels are in part regulated by ubiquitin-dependent proteasomal degradation. Using a genetic screen for modifiers of Drosophila Myc (dMyc)-induced growth, we identified and characterized a ubiquitin-specific protease (USP), Puffyeye (Puf), as a novel regulator of dMyc levels and function in vivo. We show that puf genetically and physically interacts with dMyc and the ubiquitin ligase archipelago (ago) to modulate a dMyc-dependent cell growth phenotype, and that varying Puf levels in both the eye and wing phenocopies the effects of altered dMyc abundance. Puf containing point mutations within its USP enzymatic domain failed to alter dMyc levels and displayed no detectable phenotype, indicating the importance of deubiquitylating activity for Puf function. We find that dMyc induces Ago, indicating that dMyc triggers a negative-feedback pathway that is modulated by Puf. In addition to its effects on dMyc, Puf regulates both Ago and its cell cycle substrate Cyclin E. Therefore, Puf influences cell growth by controlling the stability of key regulatory proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Li
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle 98109, WA, USA
| | - Sarah Anderson
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle 98109, WA, USA
| | - Julie Secombe
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park, Bronx 10461, NY, USA
| | - Robert N. Eisenman
- Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle 98109, WA, USA
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Lee IH, Finkel T. Metabolic regulation of the cell cycle. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2013; 25:724-9. [PMID: 23890700 PMCID: PMC3836844 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2013] [Revised: 07/01/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
There is a growing appreciation that metabolic signals are integrated and coupled to cell cycle progression. However, the molecular wiring that connects nutrient availability, biosynthetic intermediates and energetic balance to the core cell cycle machinery remains incompletely understood. In this review, we explore the recent progress in this area with particular emphasis on how nutrient and energetic status is sensed within the cell to ultimately regulate cell growth and division. The role these pathways play in normal cell function including stem cell biology is also discussed. Furthermore, we describe the growing appreciation that dysregulation of these pathways might contribute to a variety of pathological conditions including metabolic diseases and tumor formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Hye Lee
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA 20892
- Department of Life Science, Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, 11-1 Daehyun-Dong Seodaemoon-Gu, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Toren Finkel
- Center for Molecular Medicine, National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD USA 20892
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Pestell RG. New roles of cyclin D1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2013; 183:3-9. [PMID: 23790801 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2013.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 165] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Revised: 02/26/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cyclins encode regulatory subunits of holoenzymes that phosphorylate a variety of cellular substrates. Although the classic role of cyclins in cell cycle progression and tumorigenesis has been well characterized, new functions have been identified, including the induction of cellular migration and invasion, enhancement of angiogenesis, inhibition of mitochondrial metabolism, regulation of transcription factor signaling via a DNA-bound form, the induction of chromosomal instability, enhancement of DNA damage sensing and DNA damage repair, and feedback governing expression of the noncoding genome. This review describes the mechanisms of these new functions of cyclin D1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard G Pestell
- Department of Cancer Biology, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
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Thomas MA, Song R, Demberg T, Vargas-Inchaustegui DA, Venzon D, Robert-Guroff M. Effects of the deletion of early region 4 (E4) open reading frame 1 (orf1), orf1-2, orf1-3 and orf1-4 on virus-host cell interaction, transgene expression, and immunogenicity of replicating adenovirus HIV vaccine vectors. PLoS One 2013; 8:e76344. [PMID: 24143187 PMCID: PMC3797075 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The global health burden engendered by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-induced acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) is a sobering reminder of the pressing need for a preventative vaccine. In non-human primate models replicating adenovirus (Ad)-HIV/SIV recombinant vaccine vectors have been shown to stimulate potent immune responses culminating in protection against challenge exposures. Nonetheless, an increase in the transgene carrying capacity of these Ad vectors, currently limited to approximately 3000 base pairs, would greatly enhance their utility. Using a replicating, E3-deleted Ad type 5 host range mutant (Ad5 hr) encoding full-length single-chain HIVBaLgp120 linked to the D1 and D2 domains of rhesus macaque CD4 (rhFLSC) we systematically deleted the genes encoding early region 4 open reading frame 1 (E4orf1) through E4orf4. All the Ad-rhFLSC vectors produced similar levels of viral progeny. Cell cycle analysis of infected human and monkey cells revealed no differences in virus-host interaction. The parental and E4-deleted viruses expressed comparable levels of the transgene with kinetics similar to Ad late proteins. Similar levels of cellular immune responses and transgene-specific antibodies were elicited in vaccinated mice. However, differences in recognition of Ad proteins and induced antibody subtypes were observed, suggesting that the E4 gene products might modulate antibody responses by as yet unknown mechanisms. In short, we have improved the transgene carrying capacity by one thousand base pairs while preserving the replicability, levels of transgene expression, and immunogenicity critical to these vaccine vectors. This additional space allows for flexibility in vaccine design that could not be obtained with the current vector and as such should facilitate the goal of improving vaccine efficacy. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the effects of these E4 deletions on transgene expression and immunogenicity in a replicating Ad vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Thomas
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Rui Song
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Thorsten Demberg
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Diego A. Vargas-Inchaustegui
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - David Venzon
- Biostatistics and Data Management Section, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Marjorie Robert-Guroff
- Section on Immune Biology of Retroviral Infection, Vaccine Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
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Mitra K. Mitochondrial fission-fusion as an emerging key regulator of cell proliferation and differentiation. Bioessays 2013; 35:955-64. [PMID: 23943303 DOI: 10.1002/bies.201300011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial shape change, brought about by molecules that promote either fission or fusion between individual mitochondria, has been documented in several model systems. However, the deeper significance of mitochondrial shape change has only recently begun to emerge: among others, it appears to play a role in the regulation of cell proliferation. Here, I review the emerging interplay between mitochondrial fission-fusion components with cell cycle regulatory machineries and how that may impact cell differentiation. Regulation of mitochondrial shape may modulate mitochondrial metabolism and/or energetics to promote crosstalk between signaling components and the cell cycle machinery. Focused research in this area will reveal the exact role of mitochondria in development and disease, specifically in stem cell regulation and tumorigenesis. Such research may also reveal whether and how the endosymbiotic event that gave rise to the mitochondrion was crucial for the evolution of cell cycle regulatory mechanisms in eukaryotes that are absent in prokaryotes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kasturi Mitra
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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Wang K, Gao F, Ji Y, Liu Y, Dan Z, Yang P, Zhu Y, Li S. ORFH79 impairs mitochondrial function via interaction with a subunit of electron transport chain complex III in Honglian cytoplasmic male sterile rice. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2013; 198:408-418. [PMID: 23437825 DOI: 10.1111/nph.12180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/06/2013] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) has attracted great interest because of its application in crop breeding. Despite increasing knowledge of CMS, not much is understood about its molecular mechanisms. Previously, orfH79 was cloned and identified as the CMS gene in Honglian rice, but how the ORFH79 protein causes pollen abortion is still unknown. Through bacterial two-hybrid library screening, P61, a subunit of the mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) complex III, was selected as a candidate that interacts with ORFH79. Bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) and coimmunoprecipitation (coIP) assays verified their interaction inside mitochondria. Blue native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (BN-PAGE) and western blotting showed ORF79 and P61 colocalized in mitochondrial ETC complex III of CMS lines. Compared with the maintainer line, Yuetai B (YB), a significant decrease of enzyme activity was detected in mitochondrial complex III of the CMS line, Yuetai A (YA), which resulted in decreased ATP concentrations and an increase in the reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. We propose that the CMS protein, ORFH79, can bind to complex III and decrease its enzyme activity through interaction with P61. This defect results in energy production dysfunction and oxidative stress in mitochondria, which may work as retrograde signals that lead to abnormal pollen development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Feng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yanxiao Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwu Dan
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pingfang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Germplasm Enhancement and Speciality Agriculture, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yingguo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaoqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Key Laboratory for Research and Utilization of Heterosis in Indica Rice, Ministry of Agriculture, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Brownlee CW, Rogers GC. Show me your license, please: deregulation of centriole duplication mechanisms that promote amplification. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:1021-34. [PMID: 22892665 PMCID: PMC11113234 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1102-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2012] [Revised: 07/13/2012] [Accepted: 07/17/2012] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Centrosomes are organelles involved in generating and organizing the interphase microtubule cytoskeleton, mitotic spindles and cilia. At the centrosome core are a pair of centrioles, structures that act as the duplicating elements of this organelle. Centrioles function to recruit and organize pericentriolar material which nucleates microtubules. While centrioles are relatively simple in construction, the mechanics of centriole biogenesis remain an important yet poorly understood process. More mysterious still are the regulatory mechanisms that oversee centriole assembly. The fidelity of centriole duplication is critical as defects in either the assembly or number of centrioles promote aneuploidy, primary microcephaly, birth defects, ciliopathies and tumorigenesis. In addition, some pathogens employ mechanisms to promote centriole overduplication to the detriment of the host cell. This review summarizes our current understanding of this important topic, highlighting the need for further study if new therapeutics are to be developed to treat diseases arising from defects of centrosome duplication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher W. Brownlee
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
| | - Gregory C. Rogers
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Arizona Cancer Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA
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Diaz-Moralli S, Tarrado-Castellarnau M, Miranda A, Cascante M. Targeting cell cycle regulation in cancer therapy. Pharmacol Ther 2013; 138:255-71. [PMID: 23356980 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 247] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2012] [Accepted: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell proliferation is an essential mechanism for growth, development and regeneration of eukaryotic organisms; however, it is also the cause of one of the most devastating diseases of our era: cancer. Given the relevance of the processes in which cell proliferation is involved, its regulation is of paramount importance for multicellular organisms. Cell division is orchestrated by a complex network of interactions between proteins, metabolism and microenvironment including several signaling pathways and mechanisms of control aiming to enable cell proliferation only in response to specific stimuli and under adequate conditions. Three main players have been identified in the coordinated variation of the many molecules that play a role in cell cycle: i) The cell cycle protein machinery including cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK)-cyclin complexes and related kinases, ii) The metabolic enzymes and related metabolites and iii) The reactive-oxygen species (ROS) and cellular redox status. The role of these key players and the interaction between oscillatory and non-oscillatory species have proved essential for driving the cell cycle. Moreover, cancer development has been associated to defects in all of them. Here, we provide an overview on the role of CDK-cyclin complexes, metabolic adaptations and oxidative stress in regulating progression through each cell cycle phase and transitions between them. Thus, new approaches for the design of innovative cancer therapies targeting crosstalk between cell cycle simultaneous events are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santiago Diaz-Moralli
- Faculty of Biology, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Dihydroceramide delays cell cycle G1/S transition via activation of ER stress and induction of autophagy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2012; 44:2135-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2012.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2012] [Revised: 08/18/2012] [Accepted: 08/29/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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