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Kumagai S, Togashi Y, Kamada T, Sugiyama E, Nishinakamura H, Takeuchi Y, Vitaly K, Itahashi K, Maeda Y, Matsui S, Shibahara T, Yamashita Y, Irie T, Tsuge A, Fukuoka S, Kawazoe A, Udagawa H, Kirita K, Aokage K, Ishii G, Kuwata T, Nakama K, Kawazu M, Ueno T, Yamazaki N, Goto K, Tsuboi M, Mano H, Doi T, Shitara K, Nishikawa H. The PD-1 expression balance between effector and regulatory T cells predicts the clinical efficacy of PD-1 blockade therapies. Nat Immunol 2020. [PMID: 32868929 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-020-0769-3.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint blockade has provided a paradigm shift in cancer therapy, but the success of this approach is very variable; therefore, biomarkers predictive of clinical efficacy are urgently required. Here, we show that the frequency of PD-1+CD8+ T cells relative to that of PD-1+ regulatory T (Treg) cells in the tumor microenvironment can predict the clinical efficacy of programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) blockade therapies and is superior to other predictors, including PD ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression or tumor mutational burden. PD-1 expression by CD8+ T cells and Treg cells negatively impacts effector and immunosuppressive functions, respectively. PD-1 blockade induces both recovery of dysfunctional PD-1+CD8+ T cells and enhanced PD-1+ Treg cell-mediated immunosuppression. A profound reactivation of effector PD-1+CD8+ T cells rather than PD-1+ Treg cells by PD-1 blockade is necessary for tumor regression. These findings provide a promising predictive biomarker for PD-1 blockade therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Kumagai
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yosuke Togashi
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takahiro Kamada
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Eri Sugiyama
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hitomi Nishinakamura
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Takeuchi
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kochin Vitaly
- Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kota Itahashi
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yuka Maeda
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Shigeyuki Matsui
- Department of Biostatics, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | | | | | - Takuma Irie
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Ayaka Tsuge
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan.,Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Shota Fukuoka
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan
| | - Akihito Kawazoe
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hibiki Udagawa
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keisuke Kirita
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Keiju Aokage
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Genichiro Ishii
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Takeshi Kuwata
- Pathology and Clinical Laboratories, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kenta Nakama
- Department of Dermatologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masahito Kawazu
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihide Ueno
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Naoya Yamazaki
- Department of Dermatologic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichi Goto
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Masahiro Tsuboi
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mano
- Division of Cellular Signaling, National Cancer Center Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshihiko Doi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kohei Shitara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Chiba, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Nishikawa
- Division of Cancer Immunology, Research Institute/Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center (EPOC), National Cancer Center, Tokyo, Chiba, Japan. .,Department of Immunology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
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Seemayer TA, Lapp WS, Bolande RP. Thymic involution in murine graft-versus-host reaction. Epithelial injury mimicking human thymic dysplasia. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 1977; 88:119-34. [PMID: 18011 PMCID: PMC2032165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Mild, moderate, and severe graft-versus-host (GVH) reactions were induced in four series of experiments in 71 CBA X A and C57BL/6 X A F1 hybrid mice. At regular intervals post-GVH reaction induction (Days 4-42), the animals were sacrificed, autopsied, and histologically studied. Visceral alterations of GVH reaction were recorded in the spleen, lymph nodes, liver, kidney, gut, and thymus. A spectrum of thymic changes was documented, ranging from obliteration of a definable cortex and medulla with loss of Hassall's corpuscles to marked involution with complete disappearance of the gland. Ultrastructural studies revealed damage to both lymphocytes and epithelial cells along with lymphocyte emperipolesis of epithelial cells, lymphocytolysis within epithelial cells, and accumulation of numerous autophagic vacuoles containing fragments of cellular debris within epithelial cells and histiocytes. The resemblance of these alterations to human thymic dysplasia as observed in primary immunodeficient conditions was striking. The theoretical implications of these studies for the pathogenesis of human congenital immunodeficiency states are considered.
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